Results from CSLF-recognized Project: CO 2 Separation from Pressurized Gas Stream
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1 CSLF Technical Group Meeting Fukuracia Tokyo Station, Tokyo, Japan 4 th October, 2016 Results from CSLF-recognized Project: CO 2 Separation from Pressurized Gas Stream Shin-ichi Nakao Chemical Research Group Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) Japan 1
2 About RITE - Objective : R&D of industrial technologies that contribute to both the conservation of the global environment and the progress of the world economy - Establishment : July 1990 Supported by METI, local governments, academic circles and industries - Location : Kansai Science City - Activities : Development of innovative environmental technology, expansion of CO 2 sinks Tokyo 2
3 CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) 3
4 CO 2 Capture and Storage (CCS) Technology Road Map Technology Road Map [Separation/Capture Technology] Separation cost: 4,200/t-CO 2 Chemical absorption Separation/capture energy 4.0GJ/t-CO 2 Cost: ~2,000/t-CO 2 (chemical absorption method) [Down to ~1,500 through application of membranes] separation/capture energy 1.5GJ/t-CO 2 ~1,000/t-CO 2 [Application of membrane for high pressure] chemical absorption, physical adsorption, membrane separation etc. separation membrane, scale up, continuous manufacturing method 1.0GJ/t-CO 2 [Storage Technology] Geological storage demonstration Separation Cost [ /t-co 2 ] Large-scale demonstration Aquifer, depleted oil and gas field ,200 2,000 1,000 (Down to 1,500/t-CO 2 through application of membranes) Separation and Capture Energy [GJ/t-CO 2 ] Advisory Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Basic Policies Source Roadmap and Other Items Pertaining to Each Item of Technology 4
5 METI Projects Post-combustion: 2003FY-2005FY CO 2 molecular gate Membrane Basic Research and Development Project" -Basic research on membrane materials recognized by the CSLF at its Melbourne meeting, September 2004 Pre-combustion: 2006FY-2010FY CO 2 molecular gate Membrane Research and Development Project" -Research and development on membrane materials 2011FY-2014FY "CO 2 Separation Membrane Module Research and Development Project" -Development of membrane materials, modules and systems 2015FY- "CO 2 Separation Membrane Module Practical Research and Development Project -Development of membrane modules and field test using real WGS gas 5
6 CO 2 Separation Membrane Module for IGCC with CO 2 capture Coal CO 2 CO + H 2 O H 2 + CO ~ 400 C 2~4 MPa CCS Steam Heat exchanger H 2 O 2 Gasifier WGS reactor CO 2 -selective membrane module WGS gas CO 2 ca. 40 vol%/ H 2 / Impurity Temperature: 50 ~ 150 C Pressure: 2 ~ 4 MPa Power generation IGCC:Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle 6
7 Application of molecular gate membrane module to IGCC Compared to conventional physical absorption for high pressure gas: Low energy 1/3~1/4 of physical absorption * Low cost 1,500 yen/t-co 2 (Target) *: Cost estimation from Molecular Gate Membrane Module Technology Research Association 7
8 CO 2 Separation Membrane < Conventional CO 2 separation membrane > CO 2 H 2 Feed side High Membrane cross-section Pressure Low Permeate side Molecular size (nm) H 2 < CO 2 < N 2 < CH CO 2 selectivity over H 2 (α CO2/H2 ) α CO2/H2 < 1 (Molecular sieve type membrane) ~10 (Solution-diffusion-type membrane) 8
9 CO 2 Separation Membrane < CO 2 molecular gate membrane > Feed side High Pressure Low Permeate side CO 2 H 2 CO 2 H 2 H O H R N C O N R H HCO 3 H H O H R N C O N R H H HCO 3 HCO 3 R NH 2 HCO 3 H O H R N C O N R HCO 3 H H CO 2 Dendrimer H 2 N R Innovative CO 2 separation membrane having a gate function to penetrate CO 2 molecules selectively. 9
10 Dendrimer/PVA Hybrid Membrane (an Example) H 2 N N H HN H 2 N O O O Dendrimer (example) OH NH 2 N N N H NH O NH 2 + HO OH RO OH PVA + Ti OR HO HO crosslinker PVA Crosslinker Dendrimer 10
11 CO 2 selective membranes and membrane elements CO 2 selective membranes Membrane1 (1.2 cm 2 ) Membrane2 (58 cm 2 ) membrane elements Spiral membrane elements (Left: 2inch, Right: 4inch; L=200mm) 11
12 Key Results of CO 2 Molecular Gate Membrane *Operating conditions: Temp: 85, Feed gas: 0.7~2.4MPaA; Permeate gas: Atmospheric pressure (Ar sweep gas). He gas was used as alternative gas to H 2, for safety issue. 12
13 Key Results of CO 2 Molecular Gate Membrane *Operating conditions: Temp: 85, Feed gas: 0.7~2.4MPaA; Permeate gas: Atmospheric pressure (Ar sweep gas). He gas was used as alternative gas to H 2, for safety issue. 13
14 Long-tem test (3,000h) Temporarily stopped (for 172h) Q [m 3 (STP) m -2 s -1 Pa -1 ] CO 2 He αco2/he [-] Time [h] Time [h] *:Operating conditions: Temp: 85, total pressure: 0.7 MPa (Abs), Feed gas compositon: CO 2 /He=80/20. **:Measurement was stopped at 3,000h. 14
15 istribution of relative humidty in a membrane element Simulation, example) Membrane elements in series Steam Feed gas Retentate gas Permeate gas Distribution of relative humidty, total pressure, CO 2 partial pressure in a membrane element was estimated by simulation. 15
16 Cost estimate of CO 2 separation Facility capacity CO 2 Capture 1,000,000-ton/y (63,000 Nm 3 /h) (250,000-kW electric power) Capture condition CO 2 concentration 95 vol%, CO 2 recovery 90% Feed gas IGCC gas conditions CO vol% (Dry), H vol% (Dry) Temp.: 85 C, Total pressure: 2.4 MPa. Overview image of the skid (11.5mx10mx11.3m) Overview image of the facility (33mx45mx17m) 16
17 Cost estimate of CO 2 separation Estimated value Unit CO 2 recovery t/h Membrane area 190,000 m 2 Steam 24.1 t/h Equipment cost 600 \/t-co 2 Membrane elements and module vessel 350 \/t-co 2 Variable cost 540 \/t-co 2 Total 1,490 \/t-co 2 17
18 Estimate of energy of CO 2 separation Estimated value Unit Steam 24.1 t/h Energy of steam GJ/t-CO 2 Electric power 50 kw Energy of electric power GJ/t-CO 2 Total energy 0.55 GJ/t-CO 2 Majority of energy is steam to keep humidity for high membrane separation performance. Power for compression etc. is not needed. Electric power in the table is for lighting, control etc. 18
19 Summary "CO 2 Separation Membrane Module Research and Development Project (2011FY-2014FY) Basic technology for Membrane materials, modules and systems were established. Project target was achieved using lab-scale membrane. In the current project: Find and solve the technical problems by field test of membrane modules using real WGS gas. Development of membrane module system that enables CO 2 separation cost less than 1,500/t-CO 2 (practical stage). 19
20 Roadmap toward commercialization of CO 2 separation membranes Basic R&D Practical R&D Demonstration Commercialization CO 2 Separation Membrane Module R&D Project Organization CO 2 Separation Membrane Module practical R&D Project Molecular Gate Membrane module Technology Research Association + collaboration w/ IGCC-related companies (Power company, engineering company) Challenge in demonstration & commercialization phase Accumulate experience by long-term test of membrane modules using real IGCC gas, large-scale field test. Organize mass production process of membrane and membrane modules. Activity to adopt CO 2 separation membrane process for IGCC. 20
21 Acknowledgements This work, conducted by Molecular Gate Membrane module Technology Research Association, was supported by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan. 21
22 22 22 Thank you for your attention! Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE)
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