The current energy performance of commercial buildings in Northern climates Europe

Transcription

1 The current energy performance of commercial buildings in Northern climates Europe Dan Staniaszek Buildings Performance Institute Europe Sustainable Retrofitting of Commercial Buildings: Cool Climates 9 th December 2014

2 The Buildings Performance Institute Europe Knowledge Policy Implementation

3 Europe s non-residential building stock Building stock by non-residential building sector (EU-27, Norway & Switzerland) SECTOR AGGREGATE FLOOR AREA (million m 2 ) % OF TOTAL wholesale and retail trade 1,670 28% offices 1,386 23% educational buildings 1,018 17% hotels and restaurants % hospitals 396 7% sports facilities 264 4% other % TOTAL 6, % Source: Europe s Buildings Under The Microscope BPIE, 2011

4 Floor area by country and building type Source: BPIE datahub

5 Specific energy use (kwh/m2a) across different building sectors Source: Europe s Buildings Under The Microscope BPIE, 2011

6 Non-residential energy use Source: Europe s Buildings Under The Microscope BPIE, 2011

7 Selected renovation requirements (offices) Country Energy type End uses considered Offices Units Heating, Cooling, Cyprus Primary energy ventilation, DHW, B Dimensionless lighting Slovakia B Netherlands EPN = 1.1 Dimensionless Estonia Primary energy Heating, cooling, ventilation, DHW, 210 kwh/m2/a area lighting, eletricity use Hungary Primary energy 132 kwh/m2/a area Lithuania kwh/m2/a area Norway Useful energy 150 kwh/m2/a area Austria Useful energy Heating & Cooling 3028 kwh/m3/a volume Switzerland Effective energy Heating 658 Litres of oil equivalent per m2/a

8 Commercial Drivers for Sustainable Renovation Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) 2012 survey, commissioned by BPIE in collaboration with the Global Buildings Performance Network. Key findings: The financial crisis highlighted need for renovation of existing building stock in order to maintain and increase the value of portfolios. Energy-efficient retrofits account for only 1% of existing stock. Companies need to double effort to meet EU 2020 energy efficiency goals. Implementation of EU directives varies by country, which limits ability of property owners to achieve economies of scale across the region. Large property owners are starting to audit their portfolios to identify where they can achieve the most cost-effective measures. The deeper the retrofit, the lower the asset depreciation risk. Attracting large institutional investors in retrofit finance will require project aggregators, clear energy performance objectives, standard contract structures, data collection and transparency about results

9 No strategy submitted The ten examined strategies Countries not examined Brussels Capital Region

10 Non-compliant Partially compliant Acceptable Best practice Brussels Capital Region Overall level of compliance with Article 4 Overall, strategies do not set a clear, strategic path for the renovation of national building stocks. N.B. No strategies were considered best practice.

11 Renovation Strategies - selected extracts CZ bn investment to renovate public and commercial building stock DK amend commercial rent law to make it easier for landlords to agree renovation with tenants FR proposed mandatory renovation (nonresidential sector) NL all measures with payback >5 years must be implemented (large premises)

12 Cost Optimality Example - France Office building renovated to low energy level «BBC» WALLS - isolation des murs par l intérieur avec 9cm de laine de roche (R = 3m².K/W) ROOF - isolation de la toiture de type inversée avec 20cm de polystyrène extrudé (R = 6,45m².K/W) FLOOR - isolation du plancher en sous face sous dalle avec 16cm de laine de roche (R = 4,65m².K/W) WINDOWS - mise en place de fenêtres double vitrage 4/16/4 argon (Uw = 1,2W/K.m²) et de stores intérieurs VENTILATION - mise en place d une ventilation mécanique double flux (efficacité 80%) HEATING - installation de 2 chaudières à condensation LIGHTING - mise en place de tubes fluorescents T5 (8W/m²) et de détecteurs de présence Source: French Renovation Strategy

13 FR cost optimality example (cont d) Deep renovation ( Cas 3 ) costs 4 times shallow renovation ( Cas 1 ) But has lowest lifetime cost Source: French Renovation Strategy

14 UK Policy Framework non-residential Source: UK Renovation Strategy

15 Stakeholder involvement: valuable input (improved quality and easier delivery and implementation) Building stock: detailed breakdown is fundamental for next steps in the strategy (ideally online) Recommendations Cost-effective approaches to renovation: summary of cost-optimality analysis (c.f. EC guidelines) Policies: holistic coverage and geared towards achieving deep renovations Forward-looking perspective: long-term signals, roadmap (key dates, targets, milestones).

16 Recognition of building market dynamics, adapted to needs, desires and motivations of building owners. Quantification of benefits (economic impact, societal benefits and environmental improvements) Recommendations Healthy buildings: daylight, ventilation and good IAQ for well-being of occupants Implementation and enforcement of strategies at MS and EU level to ensure practical achievement Ongoing review and revision: update and resubmission every 3 years

17 RE-CONCEPTUALISING SHOPPING MALLS from consumerism to energy conservation CommONEnergy focuses on existing shopping malls to be refurbished and buildings with a different original function, redesigned to become shopping centres. Considering typical shopping malls high impact on modern society (ICSC, 2008), the project addresses their transformation as lighthouses of energy efficient architectures and systems as well as assessment transparency. EU FP7 project 7 reference buildings, 3 case studies Ambitious performance targets: Up to 75% reduction of energy demand, Power peak shaving, 50% increased renewable energy, intelligent energy management & storage, Improvement of comfort and health conditions for occupants and visitors.

18 Dan Staniaszek Buildings Performance Institute Europe BPIE datahub: