Hydrogen generators for energy storage and industrial applications. Water electrolysis state of affairs

Transcription

1 Hydrogen generators for energy storage and industrial applications Water electrolysis state of affairs Dr.ir. Jan Vaes, Technology Director, Hydrogenics On Site Generation World of Energy Solutions, Stuttgart, October 10, 2016

2 Hydrogenics in Brief Zero-emission Hydrogen Technology Provider Onsite Generation Electrolysers H 2 O + electricity H 2 + ½ O 2 Power Systems Fuel Cell Modules H 2 + ½ O 2 H 2 O + electricity Industrial Hydrogen Power-to-X Stand-by Power Mobility Power 2

3 Hydrogenics Alkaline technology Recent evolutions Energy storage applications PEM technology Evolving towards industrial market Outlook 3

4 Industry Workhorse for Onsite Electrolysis Hydrogenics HySTAT Alkaline Stack We offer high quality products that combine innovation, customercentric features with industrial design and robustness. 4

5 Global Hydrogen Market Main data source: The Hydrogen Economy, M. Ball, 2009 Steam Methane Reforming CHEMISTRY & REFINERIES: C, H, O, Amonia 93% Fertilizers Refineries 48% Crude oil cracking 50% 43% Coal gasification 30% INDUSTRY : protecting atmosphere (H 2 /N 2 ), hardening of metals 6% Float glass Metallurgy Semi-conductors 18% H2 by-product AWE medium flow Nm³/h Water electrolysis 3% OTHERS: cooling agent, hardening of oil, power generation, mobility Electrical power plants Food industry FCEV 1% 1% NB: 5 % is merchant hydrogen (free market), onsite production represents 95% Steam Methane Production reforming Storage / Transport / Distribution End-use (global market in 2010: +/- 43 Mtons 5

6 Over 500 Worldwide industrial systems alkaline systems ranging from 50 kw to 2.5 MW Saudi Arabia: Powerplant Russia: Float Glass Romenia: Float Glass Ukraine: Metallurgy China: Merchant Gas Greece: Solar Industry 6

7 Alkaline Balance of Plant Coalescent Filter Captures Moisture Gas Cooling Gas Separators Demin water inlet Rinser Electrolyte cooling HTO measurement (Alarm: 1.5 vol% Shutdown: 1.75 vol%) Cell Stack Online purity measurement (Dew point and OTH) Hydrogen purification system De-Oxo Mol-Sieve Dryer Confidential. Cannot be distributed without Hydrogenics' approval. Break tank for process water recovery 7

8 Continuous improvement of the Balance of Plant Safety updated HazOp refined with key customers sound safety philosophy minimal user action Health & Environment no drain from process no KOH carry-over Quality lifted gas separator vessels increased mass transport more performant cooling remote I/O to instrumentation on skid ProfiSafe protocol implemented reduced installation time supply side control of operation grid service capability Confidential. Cannot be distributed without Hydrogenics' approval. 8

9 Grid service capability 9

10 Updated Cell stacks Cell stack polymer choice optimization Less hydraulic resistance in the stack improved mass transport 10-15% more cells per stack Up to 50% higher current density demonstrated x2.5 active area 2500 cm² (250 kw stack) => 120 Nm³/h unit in 40 ft. container 10

11 Hydrogen generation and Power-to-X routes POWER GRID Wind turbine Solar PV Power-to-Power SURPLUS OR LOW-COST ELECTRICITY Power-to-Hydrogen Electrolysis H 2 O O 2 H 2 H 2 storage (optional) Chemical plants Power-to-Industry Industry Ammonia Speciality chemicals Gas turbines Fuel cells AWE nm³/h Refineries Power-to-Fuels Low C02 fuels CHP Heat Power-to-Gas AWE 240 nm³/h Refuelling stations Methanol CNG CO 2 Methanation Blending AWE 360 nm³/h AWE nm³/h Power-to-Mobility Hydrogen Vehicles (FCEV) GAS GRID Hydrogen network Power network Gas network Liquid fuels network 11

12 Avedøre, Denmark (2016) BioCatProject OBJECTIVES Design, engineer, and construct a commercial-scale power-to-gas facility Demonstrate capabilities to provide energy storage services to the Danish energy system. Demonstrate capability and economic viability of oxygen and heat recycling in the on-site wastewater operations Biological methanation system to produce pipeline-grade renewable gas (CH 4 ) Feed CH 4 into the gas distribution grid at 3.6 bar SOLUTION 2x HySTAT 100 (Alkaline) with all peripherals to produce 100Nm³/h H 2. Power: 1MW More info:

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14 Photo credits: Uniper Energy Storage GmbH Falkenhagen, Germany (2013) Greening of Gas OBJECTIVES Demonstration of the Power-to-Gas process chain. Optimize operational concept (fluctuating power from wind vs. changing gas feed). Gain experience in technology and cost. Feed H 2 into the high-pressure transmission natural gas pipeline at 55bar (ONTRAS). SOLUTION 6 x HySTAT 60 with all peripherals in 20Ft. housings to produce 360Nm³/h H 2. A 40 Ft container including 2 compressors to compress the hydrogen to 55barg. Power: 2MW

15 Raglan Mine, Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada) PROJECT DESCRIPTION Nickel and Copper Mine Extreme tip of Northern Quebec, 400 km North of the tree line, average annual temp -10 degrees C (Permafrost 550 m deep) Hydrogen is used energy storage solution in combination with a wind turbine and reduce diesel consumption SOLUTION 3.0 MW Arctic Wind Turbine 1.8 MW diesel generator 350 kw Electrolyser 1 x HySTAT TM kw HyPM Fuel Cell System

16 Puglia, Italy (2016, in commissioning) INGRID (FP7 project) OBJECTIVES Allow increased integration of RES into the grid using electrolysis and supply-demand balancing Improvement of distribution operations through active/reactive power control for optimal voltage regulation and power quality Hydrogen used for transport, industry, grid balancing and injection into the gas grid SOLUTION 1 MW HySTAT electrolyser 40 ft, outdoor solution to produce 200 Nm³/h of hydrogen 120 kw fuel cell back-up system 39 MWh, kg solid hydrogen storage system More info:

17 Hydrogenics Alkaline technology Recent evolutions Energy storage applications PEM technology Evolving towards industrial markets Outlook 17

18 Polymer electrolyte technology Proton Exchange Membrane Solid polymer electrolyte Deionized water feed Thank you, Wikipedia Uploader!

19 PEM stack development 1. Logan Energy = 45 Nm³/hr (Gladbeck) 2. HyBALANCE = 230 Nm³/Hr D unit (Oevel) 3. MethCo = 120 Nm³/hr (Oevel)

20 Global Hydrogen Market Main data source: The Hydrogen Economy, M. Ball, 2009 Steam Methane Reforming CHEMISTRY & REFINERIES: C, H, O, Amonia 93% Fertilizers Refineries 48% Crude oil cracking 50% 43% Coal gasification 30% INDUSTRY : protecting atmosphere (H 2 /N 2 ), hardening of metals 6% Float glass Metallurgy Semi-conductors 18% H2 by-product low flow PEM 1-5 Nm³/h Water electrolysis 3% OTHERS: cooling agent, hardening of oil, power generation, mobility Electrical power plants Food industry FCEV 1% 1% NB: 5 % is merchant hydrogen (free market), onsite production represents 95% Steam Methane Production reforming Storage / Transport / Distribution End-use (global market in 2010: +/- 43 Mtons 20

21 1500E PEM stack launched in MW, MODEL 1500E Electrical Power Input 1.5 MW Hydrogen Output 285 Nm3/h Max. Operating Pressure 40 bar (g) Dimensions L800xW550x1000mm Certifications PED (97/23/EC) 21

22 Hydrogen generation and Power-to-X routes POWER GRID Wind turbine Solar PV Power-to-Power SURPLUS OR LOW-COST ELECTRICITY Power-to-Hydrogen Electrolysis H 2 O O 2 H 2 H 2 storage (optional) Hybalance 100/ 230 nm³/h Chemical plants Power-to-Industry Industry Ammonia Speciality chemicals Gas turbines Fuel cells CHP PEM 30 nm³/h Refineries Refuelling stations Power-to-Fuels PEM 120 nm³/h Low C02 fuels Methanol Heat Power-to-Gas CNG CO 2 Methanation Blending PEM 285 nm³/h PEM nm³/h Power-to-Mobility Hydrogen Vehicles (FCEV) GAS GRID Hydrogen network Power network Gas network Liquid fuels network 22

23 Colruyt, Halle (Brussels, Belgium) 65 kg/day, 350 bar dispensing Located at one of the warehouse of Colruyt, one of the biggest Belgian retail company Hydrogen is used to fill fork lift trucks, additionally it can refuel other vehicles The station has a 30 Nm³/h alkaline electrolyser, 50 kg storage and -20º chiller the customer s SAEJ 2601 refueling sequence. Funded by InterReg project (Waterstofregio Vlaanderen Zuid-Nederland) DON QUICHOTE - Extension - FCH JU (2015) Nm³/h PEM electrolyser Electrochemical compressor HYET kw Fuel Cell Smart grid operation

24 Sponsors: Coordinators: Photo credits: Uniper Energy Storage GmbH WindGas Hamburg Reitbrook, Germany (2015) 1,5 MW Power to Gas OBJECTIVES Demonstration of the Power-to-Gas process chain. Development of 1,5 MW PEM Electrolysis Stack and System Optimize operational concept (fluctuating power from wind vs. changing gas feed). Gain experience in technology and cost. Feed H 2 into the medium-pressure distribution natural gas pipeline at 30 bar. Partners: SOLUTION 1x 1,5 MW PEM Electrolyser with all peripherals in 40Ft. housings for max 285 Nm³/h H 2. Power: 1,5 MW This 1,5 MW building block is now the foundation for multi MW P2G plants More info:

25 Sponsors: Coordinators: WindGas Hamburg Reitbrook, Germany (2015) 1,5 MW Power to Gas OBJECTIVES Demonstration of the Power-to-Gas process chain. Development of 1,5 MW PEM Electrolysis Stack and System Optimize operational concept (fluctuating power from wind vs. changing gas feed). Gain experience in technology and cost. Feed H 2 into the medium-pressure distribution natural gas pipeline at 30 bar. Partners: SOLUTION 1x 1,5 MW PEM Electrolyser with all peripherals in 40Ft. housings for max 285 Nm³/h H 2. Power: 1,5 MW This 1,5 MW building block is now the foundation for multi MW P2G plants More info:

26 Hobro, Denmark (construction in 2017) HyBalance Project OBJECTIVES validate the highly dynamic PEM electrolysis technology in a real industrial environment provide grid balancing services on the Danish power market validate innovative hydrogen delivery processes for fueling stations at high pressure hydrogen is used by industrial customers and for clean transportation (refueling stations) SOLUTION 1x HyLYSER 230 (PEM, dual cell stack design) with all peripherals to produce 230 Nm³/h H 2. power: 1,2 MW This project receives financial support FCH-JU (GA No ) and ForskEL program, administered by Energinet.dk. More info:

27 Hybalance 1.2 MW dual stack unit FAT December 2016, Oevel (B) Presentation to public

28 Lünen, Germany MefCO2 project (Methanol Fuel from CO2) OBJECTIVES Increase efficiency and reduce emissions of STEAG s coal fired power plant Leverage existing carbon capture pilot plant (= CO 2 source) owned by UDE Carbon capture unit Photo credit: University of Duisburg-Essen SOLUTION 1 MW PEM electrolyser for 200 Nm³/h of Hydrogen EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme funding (SPIRE) Flexible methanol synthesis. Power: 1MW More info:

29 10 MW System lay-out with major equipment

30 CO 2 pollution is a kinetic problem photosynthesis sunlight plants algae geological processes fossil carbon reserves mining low carbon production energy oil, coal and gas fuel refining 30

31 Hydrogenics Alkaline technology PEM technology Outlook and conclusions 31

32 Outlook Power-to-Gas potential in GW scale Publication Study of the requirement for electricity storage in Germany Agora Energiewende Commercialisation of Energy Storage in Europe Mc Kinsey, FCH-JU, 2014 Reduction of CO2 emissions by addition of hydrogen to natural gas by Haines, Polman and de Laat, in IEA Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Volume 1 Study of hydrogen and methanation as processes for capturing the value of excess electricity Report by ADEME GRTGaz and GRDF, France The role of power-to-gas in the future Dutch energy system ECN and DNVGL for TKI Gas, 2014 Potential for water electrolysis (P2G) GER: 16 GW (2023), 80 GW (2033) and 130 GW (2050) GER: 170 GW by 2050 (all energy storage) UK: 23.5 GW of electrolysis in 2050 FR: GW of P2G plant in France by 2030 and up to 24 GW by 2050 HOL: 20 GW of installed P2G capacity if deep CO 2 emission reduction targets in the energy system (-80% to -95% by 2050) Effects of large-scale power to gas conversion on the power, gas and carbon sectors and their interactions KULeuven, 2014 BE: 7 GW Power-to-Methane potential a 100% RES scenario 32

33 Business case for Power-to-Gas developers has six drivers P2G Economic Drivers Capital Operating Cost Multiple Revenue Streams Equipment Capex Capacity Factor Price of Electricity H2 Energy Produced Grid Services Renewable Fuel or Gas Premium 33

34 Conclusions Both Alkaline and PEM remain on path for cost decrease Volume scaling w/ increased supply chain development Improvements and rationalization of BOP SHEQ driven Also reduces Total Cost of Ownership New materials in qualification Lab -> prototype -> in use Performance increase will help cost reduction Current density increase Electrode development Cell stack development Process intensification need Process window widening Membrane development High pressure operation Positive business case? Combining revenues 34

35 Thank you! Blended gas to be used for heat and power generation O 2 O 2 Renewable Generation Electrolysis operation stabilizes the grid Surplus converted to Hydrogen gas Hydrogen fuels vehicles Gas is blended up to 10% Hydrogen in Natural Gas 35