SPE Unconventional Reservoir Fracturing Workshop

Transcription

1 SPE WORKSHOP February 2016 InterContinental Muscat, SPE Unconventional Reservoir Fracturing Workshop The need to satisfy local energy demand and increase margins for export in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have brought attention to unconventional reservoir exploration and development in the area. Tight and shale gas and oil activities in several MENA countries have increased and this activity is expected to pick up pace as we move further into this decade. Hydraulic fracturing is a cornerstone technology to unlock and fully develop the potential of unconventional reservoirs (UCR). Fracturing UCRs has evolved through the years from a one-size-fits-all execution centric approach to an integral one. Today it is recognised that it is vital to understand the unique characteristics of unconventional reservoirs to design all phases related to hydraulic fracturing: characterisation of the reservoir, well design and placement, sweet spot selection, pre-frac testing, fracturing process and its real-time monitoring, post-frac evaluation, and overall field optimisation. As progress is made in the learning curve developing the regional unconventional reservoirs, implementing innovative and suitable technologies is vital to improve recovery from these reservoirs. This understanding has been reflected in the technical sessions carefully selected for this workshop encompassing the planning and design, execution, and the evaluation of fracturing treatments for UCRs. This workshop aims at identifying good practices to help accelerate the learning curve associated with the development of unconventional reservoirs in the region. These practices should consider the regional constraints such as the unique reservoir characteristics, economic environment, and water supply. The workshop is designed to blend regional and international knowledge associated with tight gas and shale gas reservoirs. This knowledge is focused on multi-stage hydraulic fracturing applications. The workshop includes keynote speeches, technical presentations, panel discussions, Q&A, and informal multi-disciplinary discussion with focus on opportunities to evaluate and optimise fracturing treatments in the region. It is anticipated that the workshop will lend itself in establishing knowledge transfer among attendees as case histories are discussed in detail and evolving technologies are outlined. Session topics include: 1. Definition and Identification of Unconventional Reservoirs 2. Petrophysical and Geomechanical Challenges 3. Drilling Unconventional Reservoirs 4. Completing Unconventional Reservoirs 5. Simulation of Hydraulic Fractures 6. Execution, Logistics and Operation of Hydraulic Fracturing 7. Fractures Monitoring and Evaluation 8. Reservoir Management and Surveillance WHO SHOULD ATTEND Reservoir Engineers Production Engineers Drilling and Completion Engineers Geologists Geophysicists Research and Development Geoscientists/Engineers 23 February Luncheon Sponsor Committee members Co-Chairperson Juan C. Chavez Co-Chairperson Shri Kelkar Schlumberger Tony Addis Ali Al-Ghaithi Said Al-Kindi Taner Batmaz Schlumberger Lee Dolman OiLSERV Mostafa Hamdy Halliburton Mark Honey BP Ehab G. Ibrahim Dipika Kataky RPS Energy Alfredo Mendez A. Nabi Mukhtar BAPCO Shahvir Pooniwala Zillur Rahim Saudi Aramco Pedro Saldungaray Carbo Ceramics

2 SPE Unconventional Reservoir Fracturing Workshop SCHEDULE Tuesday, 23 February Welcome Refreshments, Registration, Badge Collection, Hotel Safety and Security Briefing Opening Remarks and Introduction by Session 1: Definition and Identification of Unconventional Reservoirs Session Chairs: Dipika Kataky, RPS Energy; A. Nabi Mukhtar, BAPCO The emergence of unconventional reservoirs as critical sources of oil and natural gas production has forced engineers and geoscientists to view field development in new ways. Unconventional reservoirs bring unique problems to such design topics, from well spacing considerations to well bore orientation. In the 1970s, the U.S. government decided that the definition of a tight gas reservoir is one in which the expected value of permeability to gas flow would be less than 0.1 md. This definition was a political definition that has been used to determine which wells would receive federal and/or state tax credits for producing gas from tight reservoirs. Actually, the definition of a tight gas reservoir is a function of many physical and economic factors. It became clear that the definition of unconventional is subjective and depends on your point of view. Furthermore, some definition of unconventional resources is based on an interpretation of the petroleum system and have stated that unconventional resources are continuous or basin centred and lack traditional traps. While some have restricted the term to product type (i.e. unconventional gas), many shale and tight sand plays have gas, wet gas, and oil fairways and all can be considered unconventional Session 2: Petrophysical and Geomechanical Challenges Session Chairs: Taner Batmaz, Schlumberger; Juan C. Chavez, The development of unconventional resources as shale and tight gas accumulations requires the use of hydraulic fractures as part of the sand face completion strategy in order to make its deployment viable. It is possible to engineer and select fit-for-purpose fracture materials to target each challenging subsurface condition. It is well known that the selection of fracture fluids and proppant is strongly influenced by its stability under high temperature conditions and effective closure pressures among other parameters. However, key limiting factors affecting fracturing are the intrinsic transient leak-off behaviour, potential high pressure requirements and fracture containment, this last one impacting not only the pressure requirements for fracture propagation but the effective coverage of the target interval and final creation of stimulated reservoir volume. Identification of subsurface challenges is fundamental for the effective implementation of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional resources. Comprehensive understanding of petrophysical and geomechanical attributes through lab characterisation, well log interpretation and geology is fundamental to identify and overcome the subsurface challenges to effectively implement hydraulic fracturing in these unconventional subsurface environments. This section will aim to discuss current technology, future developments and best practices on petrophysical and geomechanical characterisation as well as data integration, setting the scene to assess its impact on well construction and completion strategies oriented to improve fracturing, creation of stimulated reservoir volume and the final development of this unconventional resources Coffee Break and Group Photograph Breakout Discussion for Sessions 1 and Luncheon Energiser Session 3: Completing Unconventional Reservoirs Session Chair: Taner Batmaz, Schlumberger Unconventional reservoirs require special attention from a completions point of view as typically these reservoirs do not flow economically without stimulation which affects the type of completion that needs to be installed in these vertical as well as horizontal well bores. Proper consideration has to be given to type and size of the completion as pressures and temperatures encountered in these reservoirs are typically in excess over 8,000 psi and 300 F. Especially in the Middle East region, material selection of the completion is also critical due to potential presence of high H 2 S and CO 2 concentrations Other factors include the perforating strategy, what is optimum for vertical wells that will be stimulated, and available completions technologies for horizontal wells, for example multi-stage frac techniques such as plug and perf using nano-technologies or optimised packer-sleeve type completion to place multiple fractures efficiently to name a few. Deliquification may also need to be considered in the completion designs. This session focusses on all these aspects with primary focus on the completion techniques and the required hardware for successful production of unconventional gas. Not an SPE member? Join SPE today and receive discounted registration rates for most SPE events.

3 23 24 February 2016 InterContinental Muscat, Session 4: Drilling Unconventional Reservoirs Session Chair: Lee Dolman, OiLSERV; Mark Honey, BP The drilling requirements and challenges are explained and explored for several scenarios associated with the types of wells designed to exploit unconventional reservoirs. The discussion will cover topics that include deep, shallow, vertical, deviated and horizontal well design considerations, and their respective challenges. What tools and technology are appropriate, target definition and well placement criteria, and the ability to drill the typical tight reservoir geologies at the required orientations are covered. Formation temperature can be a substantial obstacle in many unconventional wells which presents problems for the selection, management, and reliability of tools. The objective is to cover the considerations for drilling efficiency and the ability to locate wells that demand correct placement and with the necessary length and quality required to achieve a successful and productive completion. Wednesday, 24 February Welcome Refreshments, Registration, and Badge Collection Opening Remarks and Introduction by the Session 5: Simulation of Hydraulic Fractures Session Chairs: Shri Kelkar, Schlumberger; Alfredo Mendez, Initiation, propagation and geometry of induced hydraulic fractures are a subject of immense importance both from a theoretical and practical perspective. Design considerations taken from tight gas fracturing jobs have guided us towards a path that has been adopted with caution. These hydraulic fractures are the key production channels that allow flow of hydrocarbons from the reservoir to the well bore irrespective of whether the well bore is placed in a conventional or unconventional reservoir. However, due to the complex nature of the unconventional reservoirs such as ultra-low permeability, presence of natural fractures and fissures as well as the impact of near well bore and far field stress regimes, modelling of the hydraulic fracture behaviour has received much needed attention from the industry over the last decade. It is important to incorporate information from alternate sources to effectively evaluate unconventional resource potential and decide or evaluate within a horizontal well which is the best way to stimulate a reservoir. In this session we encourage participants to engage in thoughtful discussions of impact of geomechanics, well placement, reservoir characterisation, as well as fluid and proppant selection on the modelling of hydraulic fractures in unconventional reservoirs. Invited talks in this session will be encouraged to share case histories of what works and does not work and why! Do we know what type of fractures are we creating? Are we really getting the productivity from multi-stage horizontal well completions that we expect why or why not? These are some questions that the participants are encouraged to discuss during the open discussion and Q&A session following the invited talk Session 6: Execution, Logistics and Operation of Hydraulic Fracturing Session Chairs: Ehab G. Ibrahim, : Shahvir Pooniwala, This session focusses on the logistical and operational aspect of executing hydraulic fracturing treatments in unconventional formations. The Middle East differs from other parts of the world where numerous fracturing fleets are readily available with multiple contractors like in North America for hydraulic fracturing. Due to the current volume of projects in most parts of the Middle East, hydraulic fracturing equipment is not always accessible within a short lead time in most areas. This translates into a lot of forward planning and associated costs to secure and mobilise equipment, expertise and materials along with the challenge of minimising the long lead times. Campaign type projects whereby multiple wells are being treated in one mobilisation is an option, but at present there is limited number of wells ready so an alternative approach is required for many such projects. Large volumes of water are typically required to execute hydraulic fracturing treatments especially in unconventional formations. In an arid environment like the Middle East, this is operationally challenging and has an impact on the economics of the project. Water management therefore plays a significant role in the execution of these fracturing treatments and environmental impact should be a consideration. Technologies have recently been developed for flow back water usage, hydraulic fracturing fluid recycling and fluid systems with low water requirements which needs to be explored. Unconventional reservoirs are not only limited to land operations but will also become important for undeveloped offshore fields in the near future. While exploring such fields the need for vessel skid type equipment and/or dedicated stimulation vessels will arise. Once again the volume of wells will play an important factor to ensure efficient lead times and economics. Multiple operators sharing resources and exploration strategies might be one of the solutions for the initial developments of these fields Coffee Break Breakout Discussion for Sessions 5 and Opening Remarks and Introduction by the Luncheon Energiser

4 23 24 February 2016 Muscat, Session 7: Fractures Monitoring and Evaluation Session Chairs: Juan C. Chavez, ; Pedro Saldungaray, Carbo Ceramics The monitoring and evaluation of a hydraulic fracture treatments encompasses hydraulic fracture placement evolution, proppant placement, post treatment clean-up and well testing and production behaviour. The propagation of hydraulic fractures in unconventional plays is not necessarily the classical bi-wing frac assumed in typical treatments, today we speak of stimulated volumes rather than frac length and height. This session will discuss various novel and existing fracture geometry evaluation techniques, covering near well bore and far field measurements, including microseismic. Flow back monitoring and analysis, well testing, production history match and other techniques applied to characterise reservoir and fracture flow characteristics will be covered in this session. Special emphasis will be put on the challenges presented by the extremely low permeability characteristic of unconventional reservoirs. Modelling work and case histories on pre and post frac well flowback, clean-up, productivity increase, and well testing are invited to present and discuss in this session Session 8: Reservoir Management and Surveillance Session Chairs: Ali Al-Ghaithi and Said Al-Kindi, Well and reservoir management is one of the core petroleum businesses to operate a project lifecycle. It is the art of extracting maximum value from the assets by creating a systemic understanding of the well and reservoir performance. Well and reservoir surveillance is a key process to monitor production performance and recognise uncertainties as well as identify opportunities at the well and reservoir level. In unconventional reservoirs, hydraulic fracturing is an essential approach to unlock potential, enhance production and accelerate recovery; therefore, proper surveillance and modelling techniques are needed to assess such reservoir characteristics, frac effectiveness and reservoir/well performance. This session will explore best practices and various technologies applied on managing hydraulically fractured wells to maximise hydrocarbon recovery Breakout Discussion for Sessions 7 and 8 GENERAL INFORMATION Format Two days of informal discussions prompted by selected keynote presentations and discussions. Focused topics and issues critical to advancing both technology and best practices. Majority of the presentations are in the form of case studies, highlighting engineering achievements, and lessons learnt. In order to stimulate frank discussion, no proceedings are published and the press is not invited to attend. Documentation Proceedings will not be published; therefore, formal papers and handouts are not expected from speakers. Work in progress, new ideas, and interesting projects are sought. Poster Session The Steering Committee encourages registrations from professionals who are able to prepare and present a poster on a relevant project. Attendance Registrations will be accepted on a first-come, first-served basis. The Steering Committee encourages attendance from those who can effectively either in discussions Workshop Deliverables The Steering Committee will appoint a scribe to record the discussions and to produce the full workshop report for SPE. Commercialism Commercialism in posters or presentations will not be permitted. Attendance Certificate All attendees will receive an attendance certificate attesting to their participation in the workshop. Continuing Education Units Attendees at this workshop qualify for SPE Continuing Education Units (CEU) at the rate of 0.1 CEU per hour of the workshop. Registration Information This is a nonresidential workshop and therefore hotel accommodation is not included in the registration fees. The registration fees include all workshop sessions, coffee breaks, and luncheons. Cancellation and Refund Policy A processing fee of USD 100 will be charged for cancellations received before the registration deadline 24 January For cancellations received after the registration deadline, 24 January 2016, 25% refund will be made to the registrant. No refund on cancellations received within seven (7) days prior to the workshop date, i.e. on or after 16 February No refund will be issued if a registrant fails to attend the workshop. Registration Policy Registration fee MUST be paid in advance for attending the Applied Technology Workshop. Full fixed fee is charged regardless of the length of time that the registrant attends the workshop. Fixed fee cannot be prorated or reduced for anyone (workshop cochairpersons, committee members, speakers, discussion leaders, students, and registrants). Delegates with no proof of advance payment are required to pay onsite by cash or cheque, present a copy of the wire transfer, or submit a letter from their company guaranteeing payment of the workshop fees. SPONSORSHIP INFORMATION Sponsorship support helps offset the cost of producing workshops and allows SPE to keep the attendance price within reach of operations-level individuals, those who benefit most from these technical workshops. Sponsors benefit both directly and indirectly by having their names associated with a specific workshop. While SPE prohibits any type of commercialism within the workshop hall itself, the society recognises that sponsoring companies offer valuable information to attendees outside the technical sessions. SPONSORSHIP CATEGORIES Sponsorships are offered on a first come basis. Please contact SPE to verify the availability of a particular sponsorship. Existing sponsors have the opportunity to renew the same level of sponsorship for annual workshops SPONSORSHIP BENEFITS In addition to onsite recognition; SPE will recognise sponsors on the SPE website and in all printed material for the workshop. Based on the sponsorship selected, sponsoring companies also receive logo visibility on promotional workshop items. FOR MORE INFORMATION For a detailed list of available sponsorships, including benefits and pricing, contact Olga Vyshnevska at ovyshnveska@spe.org.

5 REGISTRATION FORM SPE Unconventional Reservoir Fracturing Workshop February 2016 InterContinental Muscat, Attendance is limited and is not guaranteed. Early registration is recommended. Please print or type in black ink. IMPORTANT: Registration fee MUST be paid in advance for attending the workshop. FIRST NAME LAST NAME WORKSHOP FEE: SPE Members: m Before 9 January = USD 1150 m After 9 January = USD 1600 Nonmembers: m Before 9 January = USD 1350 m After 9 January = USD 1800 SPE MEMBER? m Yes m No MEMBER NUMBER COMPANY/ORGANISATION JOB TITLE STREET/P.O. BOX NUMBER CITY STATE/PROVINCE Workshop fee includes: Technical sessions, materials, daily coffee breaks and luncheons, certificate of Continuing Education Units (CEU), and welcome reception and dinner (if applicable). Accommodation is NOT included in the workshop registration fee. IMPORTANT: All SPE Middle East rates are net of taxes. The fees in this form do not include any local or withholding taxes. All such taxes will be added to the invoice. Fax or the completed registration form with payment or credit card information to: Online: to: registrationdubai@spe.org Telephone: +971 (4) Fax: +971 (4) Visa: SPE Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia will assist in providing a visa invitation letter, upon request in writing, to confirmed registrants after receiving full payment of registration fees. Visa invitation letters take five days to issue from the date of request and it is the delegate s responsibility to obtain their own visa. SPE cannot issue the visa nor can we guarantee it will be obtained. Questions: Contact Olga Vyshnevska, Event Manager, at ovyshnveska@spe.org. ZIP/POSTAL CODE TELEPHONE Payment Details: m Bank Transfers: (Please include the name of the registrant and 15AD10 as reference for the transfer) Name of Bank: HSBC Bank Middle East Ltd, Jebel Ali Branch, P.O. Box 66, Dubai, UAE Name of Account: SPE Middle East DMCC Account Number: IBAN Number: AE Swift Code: BBMEAEAD COUNTRY (REQUIRED) Do you wish to present a poster? (subject to selection) m Yes m No Do you wish to be considered a Discussion Leader? (subject to selection) m Yes m No If yes, please indicate the subject on which you would like to present: How did you first become aware of this event? m Colleague (word of mouth) m Section or Student Chapter m JPT Ad m Industry Publication m from SPE m SPE Website m Other Industry Website m Brochure Received by Mail m I am a Committee Member/Presenter m Employer m An Exhibitor m Others (please specify) Do you have any mobility/dietary requirements? (Please specify): m Credit Card (Check one): m American Express m MasterCard m Visa FAX Card Number (will be billed through Society of Petroleum Engineers) Expiry Date (mm/yy) Security Code Cancellation and Refund Policy: A processing fee of USD 100 will be charged for cancellations received before the registration deadline of 24 January For cancellations received after the registration deadline, 24 January 2016, 25% of the fee will be refunded to the registrant. No refund on cancellations received within seven (7) days prior to the workshop date, i.e. on or after 16 February No refund will be issued if a registrant fails to attend the workshop. Name of Credit Card Holder: (printed) Signature: (required) DATE: To submit your registration online, please visit the event s website, Alternatively, you can this form to registrationdubai@spe.org or fax it to