Getting to Zero Webinar. April 26, 2012

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1 + Getting to Zero Webinar April 26, 2012

2 + About NASEO Only national non-profit organization whose membership includes the 56 governor-designated energy officials from each state and territory Improve the effectiveness of state energy programs and policies Seven Regional Coordinators across the nation to aid in sharing lessons learned for successful policy and program replication Act as a repository of information on issues of particular concern to the states and their citizens (e.g., financing, buildings) Committee structure includes, Renewables, Electricity, Buildings, Industry, Energy Assurance, Financing, Government Affairs Serve as the voice of SEOs in Washington, DC

3 + Overview of State Energy Offices (SEOs): 56 Governor-designated State and Territory Energy Offices (SEOs) nationwide. States spur energy-related economic development, minimize the environmental impact of growth, crafting energy solutions that address their citizens' needs and increase our national energy security. Funding for programs under the direction of the governors or legislatures, as well as federal appropriations for the cost-shared U.S. State Energy Program. SEOs invest $4 billion of their own funds derived from appropriations, bonding, and system benefit charges each year. NASEO represents all 56 SEOs, and is organized around seven regions with coordinators that aid State and Local governments in sharing lessons learned.

4 + State Energy Offices and Net-Zero Energy Buildings ZEBs spur technology innovation and deployment and economic development ZEBs can provide a long-term vision and framework for policy development Growing interest and activity at the state and local levels

5 + Commercial buildings industry stakeholder group Vision to transform commercial building sector to netzero energy by 2050 Achieves this by addressing technology and market barriers through: Public-private collaboration with U.S. DOE Facilitating information exchange nationally

6 + CBC Leadership: Steering Committee Members

7 + CBC Membership Join at zeroenergycbc.org Broad industry representation includes: Design professionals Development, construction, financial and real estate industries Building owners and operators Academic and research organizations Building code agencies and organizations High-performance green building organizations Indoor air quality and intelligent buildings experts Utility energy efficiency programs Manufacturers and providers of equipment and techniques Public transportation experts Nongovernmental energy efficiency organizations

8 + Technology and Policy gaps and recommendation reports Next Generation Technologies: Barriers & Recommendations Analysis of Cost & Non-Cost Barriers and Policy Solutions Reviewed current landscape of activity and needs in ZEB across 13 different topics Themes include: Importance of integrated design Need to address and minimize plug loads Knowledge and analysis gaps in looking at system interactions and multi-building interactions Connecting post-occupancy performance and energy management Improved sharing of information, cost data, and performance data

9 Getting to Zero: 2012 Status Update A look at the features and costs of zero energy buildings Dave Hewitt, NBI Executive Director, Webinar presented on April 26, 2012

10 The Nature of Our Work

11 ZEBs STUDY SCOPE Looked at: Size and source of available quality data Energy Efficiency Measures Incremental costs Estimated incremental costs from model-based studies State policies and program support

12 ZEBs STUDY SCOPE Net Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs) Buildings with measured results and a few modeled buildings; meet annual needs with on-site renewables Zero Energy Capable Buildings (ZEC s) Demonstrated efficiency in range of ZEB s but w/no renewables Zero Energy Equivalent Buildings Low-energy building that gets (investment grade) renewable energy from off-site, either the grid or a shared renewable generator.

ZEB intentions 39 buildings are ZECs Zero Energy Capable

13 WHAT WE FOUND 21 buildings had sufficient data to call them ZEBs 39 buildings are recently constructed or in process with ZEB intentions 39 buildings are ZECs Zero Energy Capable efficiency levels Always looking for more - there may be many more ZECs

What We Found: Built Examples 1 2 3 4 All buildings use PVs to generate on-site renewable energy Buildings use readily available tech.

14 What We Found: Built Examples All buildings use PVs to generate on-site renewable energy Buildings use readily available tech. and integrated design Unique or experimental systems are infrequently used Priority attention to E.E. details include minimizing plug loads and other unregulated loads

15 What We Found Vast majority of NZE buildings are small or very small Beginning to see buildings supported by program efforts i.e. Living Buildings, Energy Trust of Oregon, Savings by Design Earliest are academic buildings, environmental centers, or demonstration buildings with low occupancy More recent include office buildings, K-8 schools, a credit union, and buildings that represent a large number of average buildings

16 ZEBs + ZECs By Type & EUI (total of 57 projects) 6 ZE-Capable Counts by Type and Total EUI level 5 building count Total EUI level <

17 ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES

18 MEASURING THE COST OF ZEBs Difficult to isolate cost of individual measures Deep energy savings require IDP that considers interaction of measures. Incremental cost must be based on a hypothetical comparison to what would have been built Even when attempts at costs and savings are made, changes are often not tracked through many revisions Building costs vary by climate, location and date of construction Good data on a few projects, but hard to generalize 10 4/27/2012

19 COST PREMIUMS Portland Atlanta Phoenix Boston Energy-related cost premiums as % of base costs K-8 school high rise mixed use mixed use renov. mid rise office low rise office K-8 school high rise mixed use mixed use renov. mid rise office low rise office K-8 school high rise mixed use mixed use renov. mid rise office low rise office K-8 school high rise mixed use mixed use renov. mid rise office low rise office 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Construction Owner design-build PV (net of credits) Cascadia GBC Study: ECM s 5-15% of cost PV adds 5-15% *Energy-related cost premium, with the costs associated with the other Living Building requirements removed.

20 COST PREMIUMS PNNL and NREL Studies Cost premiums for ee were below 5% for the 20,000 SF small offices Cost premiums for ee were in the 5 7% range for the 50,000 SF medium offices

21 Policy and Programs California Strategic Plan/Action Plan/BBG Action Plan/Champions for Commercial Bldgs Savings by Design Program Oregon Legislation Energy Trust of Oregon program Massachusetts Zero Energy Policy Living Building Challenge Zero Energy Commercial Buildings Consortium

22 Key Policy and Program Recommendations - ZECBC high levels of energy efficiency are the first, largest and most important step on the way to net-zero. Net-zero-energy buildings create a catalyst to stimulate the thinking and actions required, even if near-term needs are more related to establishing key fundamentals that allow the energy efficiency market to progress... There is need for a consistent, long-term metric to measure the performance of buildings and policy.

23 Key Policy and Program Recommendations - ZECBC The move to a zero-energy building stock will likely require a series of major shifts in the structure of codes, both in the presentation of code requirements and in ensuring compliance. More measured performance data is needed at the case-study level, the system level (e.g., lighting vs. plug loads) and to support owner and private financing. There needs to be aggressive financial incentives to achieve net-zero-energy building goals.

24 California ZNE Action Plan: Priorities Survey Focus more on existing buildings than on new construction. California is on the right track with policy, leadership is needed in other critical areas -- Path to Zero Campaign, financing, incentives More support needed for implementation efforts, tools and resources Case studies, implementation guides, recognition programs and communications

25 Study Conclusions Examples are expanding and are more representative. A second generation of more typical building types and ownership patterns is emerging. More about integrated design than technology innovation Built ZEBs examples too limited, diverse to conclude much on costs EE needed is readily available at reasonably incremental cost for some building types - Incremental costs for common building types ranged from 3% to 18% depending on building type, location cost factors and climate (not including PVs)

26 Recommendations ZEBs and ZECs can advance more rapidly with provision of practical guidance and support - Clear conditions where ZEB s are most feasible (anticipated loads, climate) - Case Studies Needed - techniques used, results, and lessons learned with varying climates, building types - Need better studies of costs/benefits - both initial design and construction costs and ongoing energy costs savings - Policy advances at the state and local level can support the movement to ZEBs and ZECs setting a pathway to guide action.

27 A Quick Case Study Still to Come If you have questions about the study, please type them in now. 19 4/27/2012

28 Case Study Example IdEAs Z 2 San Jose, CA

NZE office spaces New skylights, high performance windows, and increased

29 IDeAs Z 2 Case Study 6,560 SF building in San Jose, CA Renovated 1960 s era building Great example of how common building forms can be adapted to function NZE office spaces New skylights, high performance windows, and increased insulation Radiant heating system coupled with ground source heat pump and displacement ventilation

30 IDeAs Z 2 Case Study Placed extra attention on minimizing plug loads (both through selection of equipment and controls) Controlled lighting with occupancy and photosensors

31 IDeAs Z 2 Case Study Employed custom control sequence to shut off specified circuits when security system is armed eliminates phantom loads and ensures equipment is off at night Cost premium: 7% of the renovation construction costs for energy efficiency related upgrades

32 Questions? Study and additional information available at

33 Net Zero Engineering NASEO Webinar April 26, 2012 Tony Hans, PE, RCDD, LEED AP National Director of Sustainable Projects CMTA Consulting Engineers

34 Agenda About Us: CMTA & our Net Zero Philosophy Net Zero: Past and current Net Zero projects Case Studies: Energy Reduction Design Strategies Data from past Net Zero Projects

35 About Us Founded 1968 Located in Kentucky, Texas and Indiana 85 employees Expertise is sustainability and energy efficiency Nationwide practice focused on education and health care

36 28 Professional engineers 46 LEED APs 4 RCDDs 6 Energy Modelers About Us 15 Registered Commissioning Agents 4 Certified GeoExchange Designers 2 Certified Lighting Designers

37 LEED and ENERGY STAR Over 10 Net Zero Projects 25 LEED Projects 8 Gold 3 Silver 1 Certified 13 Registered 62 ENERGY STAR Projects 56 Schools 8 with perfect scores of 100

38 Recognized Expertise Greenbuild, Toronto National Green Schools Conference, Denver Council of Educational Facilities Planners International (CEFPI), Net Zero Energy Symposium, Dallas Army Net Zero Energy Installation Conference, Chicago Net Zero Energy Conference, Savannah SAME Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE), Indianapolis Council of Educational Facilities Planners International (CEFPI), Washington, DC School Building Expo, Pittsburgh American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Net Zero Conference, San Francisco Building Industry Consulting Service International Annual Conference (BICSI), Las Vegas ASHRAE s High Performance Schools Conference. Atlanta Midwest Healthcare Engineers, Indianapolis Lightfair International in Philadelphia Greening the Heartland (USGBC Regional Conference), Cincinnati

39 Recognized Expertise Greenbuild, Toronto National Green Schools Conference, Denver Council of Educational Facilities Planners International (CEFPI), Net Zero Energy Symposium, Dallas Army Net Zero Energy Installation Conference, Chicago Net Zero Energy Conference, Savannah SAME Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE), Indianapolis Council of Educational Facilities Planners International (CEFPI), Washington, DC School Building Expo, Pittsburgh American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Net Zero Conference, San Francisco Building Industry Consulting Service International Annual Conference (BICSI), Las Vegas ASHRAE s High Performance Schools Conference. Atlanta Midwest Healthcare Engineers, Indianapolis Lightfair International in Philadelphia Greening the Heartland (USGBC Regional Conference), Cincinnati

40 Net Zero Our Philosophy 1. Exhaustive study of building s energy use. 2. Set an annual energy consumption goal to create a financial model. 3. Drastically reduce energy consumption. 4. Discuss Green Power Generation.

Turkey Foot Middle School 133,000 sf 22 kbtu/sf yr 440

41 Richardsville Elementary 70,000 sf 348 kw solar PV 17kBtu/sf yr $204/sf w/solar PV 75% EUI Reduction Turkey Foot Middle School 133,000 sf 22 kbtu/sf yr 440 kw solar PV $210/sf w/solar PV 70% EUI Reduction Net Zero Schools

Arena $180/sf with solar PV LISD Center for a Sustainable Future

42 Net Zero Campuses Locust Trace AgriScience Campus Third Net Zero Energy School in Kentucky 70,000 Square Feet: Classrooms, Labs, Offices, Riding Arena $180/sf with solar PV LISD Center for a Sustainable Future Agri-Science Lab Horticultural Lab Greenhouse Classrooms Greenroof Learning Centers

43 Berea College Deep Green Dormitory 43,000 sf / 120 students LEED Platinum (Target) Petal Recognition (Water) under the Living Building Challenge Net Zero Ready EUI of 30 Net Zero Higher Ed

44 Net Zero Office CMTA Corporate Headquarters Energy Star Perfect 100 (2 Years running) $175/sf (with phase I PV) 80% EUI Reduction

45 Net Zero Government Army Aviation Support Facility (AASF) Boone National Guard Center Harold L. Disney Training Center DoS Central America US Embassy

47 Energy Performance Case Studies

48 Energy Benchmarking Reference ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides Climate Zone 2: ASHRAE kbtu/sf yr 50% AEDG 36 kbtu/sf yr

49 Integrated Design Process Stakeholders all involved Regulatory agencies Owner Building users A/E Utility Police Architect s design was in response to energy goal

lighting Daylighting Kitchen efficiencies Occupancy Lighting /

50 MEP Engineering Strategies Integrated Design Process Geothermal HVAC Heat recovery Demand Control Ventilation Energy efficient lighting Daylighting Kitchen efficiencies Occupancy Lighting / BAS Real-time monitoring Solar thermal Renewables: Solar PV & Wind

51 Geothermal HVAC System Dual compressor or two-speed heat pump units Part load efficiency Distributive pumping One heat pump per two One heat pump per two classrooms

52 Outside Air Ventilation Dedicated outside air systems (DOAS) Heat recovery wheel Demand control ventilation based on CO 2 and occupancy Occupant diversity

53 Lighting Daylight glass (20 x 2 ) with interior light shelf View glass has exterior shade shelf Supplemental tubular daylighting devices 0.75 w/sf artificial lighting with digital lighting control system

54 Lighting Unoccupied Security Goals Interior Façade Parking

55 Thermal Envelope Efficient shape ICF walls No mezzanines Low infiltration, avoided pitched and vented roof systems Non-daylight glass percentage minimized Good roof insulation (R-30)

56 Computers Wireless laptop computers in classrooms Computer carts instead of computer classroom Equipment off at night Reduced computer power consumption by 50% from similar non-wireless school

57 Kitchen Early High Performance data showed kitchen used 21% of energy Few energy reductions made in past projects Need to change paradigm Type II hoods

58 Richardsville Energy Usage Kitchen 18% IT 6% HVAC 44% Plugs 11% Lighting 21% Actual 17.6 kbtu/sf yr

59 Turkey Foot Energy Usage Actual 22 kbtu/sf yr

60 Richardsville Elementary Energy Model Comparison kbtu/sf AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL PROJECTED ACTUAL

61 Turkey Foot Energy Model Comparison 2011

62 Lighting - Monthly

63 Richardsville HVAC Monthly

64 Plug/Process Loads Actual ASHRAE 50% Reduction kbtu/sf JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL

65 Richardsville Elementary HVAC Energy

Phase II 100% of Net Zero Generation Operational December 2011 138 kw On

66 Richardsville PV System Phase I and II Phase I 60% of Required Generation Operational February kw Thin Film 245 MWh/yr electric production Phase II 100% of Net Zero Generation Operational December kw On Shade Structure Delayed For Old School Demolition 163 MWh/yr Electric Production

67 Electric Utility Summary - Richardsville Read Days of Amount Energy Demand Total Generation Date Service Due Cost Cost Cost Credit 3/15/12 29 ($2,436) $2,416 $1,826 $4,242 ($6,805) 2/14/12 30 $691 $2,974 $1,883 $4,857 ($4,166) 1/16/12 33 $ $2,210 $1,800 $4,010 ($3,235) 12/14/11 29 ($622) $2,612 $1,595 $4,207 ($1.640) 11/17/11 29 ($3,189) $2,694 $1,440 $4,135 ($2,618) 10/17/11 32 ($4,705) $2,915 $1,840 $4,755 ($4,169) 9/15/11 30 ($5,252) $3,544 $2,274 $5,819 ($5,215) 8/16/11 29 ($5,857) $3,162 $2,301 $5,464 ($6,728) 7/18/11 32 ($4,592) $2,355 $1,274 $3,629 ($6,665) 6/16/11 30 ($1,555) $2,846 $1,953 $4,799 ($6,288) 5/17/11 32 ($66) $2,887 $1,788 $4,675 ($4,440) 4/15/11 30 ($301) $2,427 $1,511 $3,938 ($4,239)

68 Net Zero Energy MWh Summary - Richardsville MWh MWh MWh Consumed Generated Difference (Predicted) March (0.4) February January December November October (1.6) September (2.9) August (20.0) July (25.6) June (22.9) May (10.9) April (10.3) Total (46)

69 Let s Talk Affordability

70 Thank You Tony Hans Diana Lin, Program Manager, NASEO Dave Hewitt, Executive Director, NBI

IPD for Zero Energy Buildings

Integrated Design Strategies IPD for Zero Energy Buildings Tony Hans, PE, RCDD, LEED AP CMTA August 15, 2017 Tampa Convention Center Tampa, Florida Session Objectives Learning Objectives: 1. Define IPD