April 16 th Linda Morrison Jesse Stanley

Transcription

1 April 16 th 2010 Linda Morrison Jesse Stanley

2 Energy efficiency Renewable energy Net zero buildings Envelope HVAC systems Water efficiency and metering Rating system, codes, best practice

3 LEED-NC Version 3 [RATING SYSTEM] Labs 21 [RATING SYSTEM SUPPLEMENT] CO-CHPS [RATING SYSTEM] ASHRAE [STANDARD] ASHRAE [STANDARD] PNNL 50% Energy Savings Design Technology Package Medium Office[GUIDELINE] Architecture 2030 [GUIDELINE] Living Building Challenge [RATING SYSTEM]

4 ASHRAE 189.1

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6 Architecture 2030 Challenge New buildings shall be designed to meet a fossil fuel, GHG emitting, energy consumption performance standard of 60% of the regional (or country) average for that building type % % % 2030 Carbon neutral (no GHG to operate) Up to 20% certified renewable energy credits

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8 Energy Star / Energy Use Index (kbtu/sf/yr) Compares building performance to average building Average building determined by Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2003 Energy Star Target Finder score of 50 is average Target Finder score of 75+ is qualified for Energy Star Performance Rating Method 90.1 Compares design to baseline All areas modeled as heated and cooled Natural ventilation is an exceptional calculation Limits on unmet hours

9 LEED -NCv3 Reduction from ASHRAE Mandatory10% Points up to 48% CO-CHPS Mandatory 25% Points up to 60% ASHRAE Comply with 189 Energy Star NA Minimum 75 Energy Star Target Finder NA

10 Living Building Challenge: 100% of a project s energy needs must be supplied by on-site renewable energy on a net annual basis

11 LEED -NCv3 CO-CHPS ASHRAE Renewables Not mandatory 1 point for 1% energy cost 7 points for 13% energy cost Mandatory Flex Energy Solar Ready 7 points for 50+% annual site energy with monitoring system after 40% reduction from : Grid Neutral (electric, site) Zero Net Energy (site) Mandatory renewable ready for minimum of 3.7 W/sf x roof area Prescriptive: Requires 6.0 kbtu/sf of conditioned space Green Power 1 point for 35% of electrical use for 2 years Prescriptive Exception: less than 4.0 kw/m 2 daily average incident radiation AND purchase 7 kwh/sf of Green Power for 10 yrs

12 Design to cost-effectively adapt: PV 100% annual electric usage Ground Source Heat Pumps 100% of heat / cool Thermal Energy Storage 8 hours of heat / cool Electric Vehicles 50% of parking spaces Biomass 80% of heating Solar HW Heating 50% of pool MER for future off-site district energy

13 Flex Energy for Buildings High-level overview of key systems and technologies Checklist of design suggestions Online calculator to estimate system capacities and size requirements Simple electronic workbook to document design decisions

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16 Climate Zone ASHRAE ASHRAE * PNNL 50% Steel Framed Steel Framed Steel Framed C. Z. 4 R-15.6 R-18.2 R-15.6 C. Z. 5 R-15.6 R-18.2 R-23.8 C. Z. 6 R-15.6 R-18.2 R-27.0 C. Z. 7 R-15.6 R-18.2 R-27.0 *Requires air barrier

17 Climate Zone ASHRAE ASHRAE PNNL 50% Insulation above Deck Insulation above Deck Insulation above Deck C. Z. 4 R-20 c.i. R-25 c.i. R-30 c.i. C. Z. 5 R-20 c.i. R-25 c.i. R-30 c.i. C. Z. 6 R-20 c.i. R-30 c.i. R-30 c.i. C. Z. 7 R-20 c.i. R-35 c.i. R-35 c.i.

18 Climate Zone ASHRAE ASHRAE PNNL 50% U Factor SHGC U Factor SHGC U Factor SHGC C. Z C. Z C. Z C. Z Nonmetal framing

19 Rating System LEED-NCv3 CO-CHPS ASHRAE Shading Requirements NA NA Climate Zones 1-5: Fenestration on west, south, and east shaded by permanent projections with Projection Factor of 0.50 or more

20 Shading Requirements LEED-NCv3 CO-CHPS ASHRAE NA Shade (15 years of growth) to at least 30% of all SW, S, and SE surfaces with 80 ft of building. Shade 30% of east and west above grade walls grade to 20 ft within 5 years of growth 10 am for east and 3 pm for west on summer solstice

21 Fan Energy ASHRAE Constant Volume hp <= CFM x Variable Volume hp<= CFM x Break hp + pressure drop adjustment ASHRAE % below ASHRAE

22 Economizer ASHRAE Economizers required for units above 65,000 Btu/h to 135,000 Btu/h depending on climate zone High Limit Shut offs depend on climate zone and control type ASHRAE Economizers required for units above 33,000 Btu/h for most Climate Zones 3-8 Rooftop units under a certain size must have a two stage capacity for use with the outside air economizer Fixed leaving air temperature systems must be capable of resetting supply temperature during economizer operation Economizer can be eliminated if cooling efficiency is high enough

23 Standard Heat Requirements Recovery Minimum Effectiveness Systems with 5000 cfm and 70% or more outside air 50% Depends on Climate Zone, Supply flow, and % Outside Air 60%

24 Fume Hoods Standard Fume Hoods Fume Hood exhaust over 15,000 cfm must be either: Variable Air Volume Dedicated Outside Air System Or Heat Recovery Labs 21 Consider not using Fume Hoods Develop fume hood sash management plan Fume hood monitoring and control Fume hood commissioning

25 CO-CHPS Building Automation Systems Building Automation BAS Required Includes recommended Sensors, Points Matrix, Trend Capabilities, and System Architecture HVAC and domestic hot water Lighting Energy Consumption Management Requires measurement and data collection for various systems given a certain connected load is met

26 Green House Gas Emissions Emissions CO-CHPS Mandatory Calculate,report, and verify annual GHG emissions to the Climate Action Registry Emissions to air accounted for in Life Cycle Assessment of material components and energy consumption

27 Living Building Challenge: Net Zero Water LBC allows initial water purchase only Would require on site water treatment including black water 100% of storm water and building water must be handled on site for reuse

28 Indoor Water Sewer Conveyance Process Water Reduction Reduction Efficiency LEED-NCv3 Mandatory 20% Points for 30%-40% 50% Reduction Treat 50% on-site Schools: 20% reduction No garbage disposals No once-through cooling CO-CHPS Mandatory 20% Points for up to 50% Includes process 35% reduction through efficiency or reclaimed or recycled water See Indoor

29 Fixture LEED-NCv3 CO-CHPS Toilets 1.6 gpf 1.28 gpf Urinals 1.0 gpf 0.5 gpf Faucets 0.5 gpm 0.25 g metering ASHRAE gpm 0.25 g metering Kitchen Faucets 2.2 gpm 2.2 gpm Showerheads 2.5 gpm 2.0 gpm

30 Process Water ASHRAE Labs 21 Efficiency No once-though cooling w/potable Cooling tower drift: 0.002% counterflow 0.005% cross-flow Cycles of concentration Recover condensate Steam A/C units > 65,000 kbtu/hr No domestic water once-through cooling at a flow rate greater than 2 gallons per minute 20% process water reduction

31 LEED-NCv3 CO-CHPS Metering NA WE point: Separately meter domestic water, exterior irrigation and equipment exceeding 20% of total and provide maintenance plan WE point: Water Management System with pulse output water meters Indoor water Gyms with showers Landscaping Recreational fields Swimming pool Cooling towers

32 ASHRAE Metering Water Consumption Management for potable > 1000 gal/day and reclaimed water > 1000 gal/day Cooling towers > 500 gpm through tower Evaporative coolers makeup water > 0.6 gpm Steam and hot water boilers > 500,000 BTU/hr Submeters for tenants Irrigation > 25,000 sf Labs 21 Document annual process water use and wastewater Meters for process water

33 Living Building Challenge: First two projects to be certified in May 2010 Colorado: 1 not confidential The Lindholm Residence, Snowmass, CO 3 confidential Carbondale, Telluride (commercial/medical), other Elsewhere: 70 officially registered projects in N. America 4 International (France, Ireland, Australia, Colombia) 14 Canada

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36 Linda Morrison Jesse Stanley