Energy Storage. Storage Technologies as Future Pillar for the Energy Industry. Munich, 1 th December OMV Aktiengesellschaft

Transcription

1 Energy Storage Storage Technologies as Future Pillar for the Energy Industry Munich, 1 th December 2014 OMV Aktiengesellschaft

2 Agenda 1. Energy Storage Technologies Mechanical Storage Chemical and Magnetic Storage Electrochemical Storage Thermal Storage Energy Storage 2. Potential of Energy Storage Case Study: 100% Renewable Energy with Pump Storage (Austria) Case Study: 100% Renewable Energy with Power-to-Gas (Germany) 3. Implications for the Energy Industry & Established Energy Suppliers Energy Storage as Future Pillar for the Energy Industry 4. Strategic Positioning of OMV AG Hydrogen Key Technology of the Future 2

3 second minute hour Energy Storage Technologies: Overview of applications, capacity levels and storage periods Pump storage (mature) Redox flow Different characteristics without a onesize fits-all solution! NaS and other accumulators (mature) CAES + AA- CAES Hydrogen Electrochemical storage systems are scalable between capacity levels of several kw to several MW and storage periods from minutes to hours. Power-to-gas Small accumulators relevant for PV island systems and for grid-connected roof-top PV arrays (demand-side orientated solutions). Lead or lithiumbased batteries Flywheel storage Fly wheel storage and large accumulators for the improvement of the voltage- and frequency level and balancing of production variations and plant cut-off periods. Long term storage applications currently almost limited to PSHPP in Austria. CAES, H2 Storage as alternatives. Double layer capacitor 1 KW 10 KW 100 KW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW Non-interupt electricity supply SMES (early stage) Auxiliary power supply Source: board eleven 2009, Arthur D. Little Analysis 2010; PHOTON International October 2012 Large scale energy supply A potential promising long-term storage solution is power to gas (PTG) by converting cheap renewable power to natural gas (methane) which can be stored longtime and transported using existing gas grid infrastructure. 3 *In development **In demonstration

4 Power-to-Gas (PTG) A promising long-term storage solution Low Price Power Distribution A potential promising long-term storage solution is power to gas (PTG) by converting Fluctuating Renewable Energy Electrolysis H 2 H 2 Batteries Supercaps Hydrogen Storage H 2 cheap renewable power to natural gas (methane) which can be stored longtime and transported using existing gas grid infrastructure. The power-to-gas-to-power cycle has now a efficiency of about 37% with the potential to be increased to 45-55%. O 2 Gas upgrade CH 4 RE gases Caverns Fuel Cells, Combined Heat & Power Investment costs of PTG systems are now in the range of 1.5 EUR/W which results in renewable gas costs twice as high than CO 2 + CH 4 natural gas costs. Biogas Gasification District Heating PTG costs are expected to fall to 1 EUR/W because of mass production and may fall to 0.5 EUR/W for production in the multigigawatt Biomass Waste CO + H 2 Synfuels range. The example Germany shows that the natural Catalysis Fuel Tanks gas network, including gas storage facilities, has a storage capacity of more than 200 TWh. Gas Distribution Storage capacity instead of additional grid transmission capacity. 4 *Welter, P. (2012). Power to gas. Photon International, The Solar Power Magazine (10) p.40

5 Implications for the Energy Industry and established energy suppliers Energy storage as a future pillar for the energy industry Generally, it is appropriate to find the optimal balance between energy transmission and storage in order to achieve the most cost-effective combination. Otherwise, the cost optimization of one system will always come at the expense of another. The detailed simulation of a storage based operation management is obligatory. Oil & Gas Companies Invest in feasible storage assets to create new revenue streams Using e.g. existing gas infrastructure to provide storage and create further revenues Centralized Utilities Diversification through storage to reply on decreasing revenues by decentralized energy consumption Storage Supply Trade-off Demand Consumers Grid Demand-side orientated energy management, increasing energy efficiency and small scale storage to reduce the storage requirement Large Decentralized Power Producers Grid Operator Planning grid expansion in coordination with storage systems Higher grid balancing through decentralized production and consumption Small Decentralized Power Producers Implications for Grid Operators Planning the size of a grid expansion is based on future expectation of transmission load which can be correct or incorrect. This can lead to an oversized grid or even worse, undersized grid despite grid expansion. Storage Systems, or in particular PTG-systems at lower capacities might be more flexible and scalable than electrical grid expansion. Implications for Utilities Utilities will also be significantly impacted by distributed renewable power production. The distributed generation will reduce the electricity consumption from centralized utilities and thus, their revenues. Implications for Oil & Gas Companies The installation of PTG storage systems by existing energy companies and grid operators would secure an important role for the future. By creating revenues from storage systems, the existing energy companies could compensate decreasing electricity supply revenues and could maintain their oligopolistic position. Implications for Consumers The installation of PTG storage systems supply consumers with renewable Electricity/ Hydrogen for low carbon mobility (EV* and FCEV**). 5 *Electric Vehicle **Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

6 Hydrogen Key Technology of the Future 6 OMV Aktiengesellschaft, DI Dr. Walter Böhme, MBA, 20th November 2014

7 Contact OMV Aktiengesellschaft Trabrennstraße Vienna Corporate Communications OMV Aktiengesellschaft