Energy storage in salt domes

Transcription

1 IVG Cavern Storage Etzel Challenges in Energy supply - Energy Symposium Eemshaven, June 3rd 2013 Carsten Reekers

2 Topics 1 Cavern development at the Cavern Field Etzel 2 Importance of Caverns for energy storage - today and tomorrow 3 Project Long term storage for renewable energy Etzel Demonstration plant wind-hydrogen system 2

3 Overview IVG Caverns GmbH: 40 Years cavern site Etzel Facts Since 40 years IVG has been operating the underground oil and gas storage Etzel. Long experience in development, construction and leasing of caverns. The storage is used to cover peak consumption and for interim storage of import supply streams of gas, as well as for storing a substantial part of the strategic crude oil reserve of Germany and other EU states. Caverns are rented by long lasting contracts to companies in the energy branch The cavern site currently includes 62 existing gas and oil storage caverns with a capacity of approx. 38 mio. m³ of geometric cavity volume. crude oil: ~ 10 mio. m³ natural gas WGC today: ~3,4 bill. scm ~34 TWh gas consumption (760TWh in 2011) (~5% of the annually German natural Another 82 caverns could be realized on demand (144 caverns). IVG invest since 2006 already 800 Mio. Euros additionally the invest of the cavern tenants for the AGF. Perspective: Long-term storage of renewable energy: wind-hydrogen storage. April

4 Cavern Storage Etzel connection to the water, oil & gas transmission pipelines NORPIPE EUROPIPE I & II Tank Ölhafen/ Farm Norderney Baltrum Langeoog Spiekeroog Tanklager Juist Wangerooge Borkum Norden Dornumersiel Gas-Terminal NETRA Aurich Emden-Etzel 25 km water, brine, oil Wilhelmshaven Hamburg OIL Cavern Facility Emden Bunde-Etzel Etzel Gas hub with grid connection to the Netherlands and UK Bunde / Oude Werne Ruhr- Region Werne Oldenburg Wardenburg GAS Berlin The cavern storage facility is connected to the European energy network through natural gas and petroleum pipelines 4

5 Salt Structures in North-western Germany & structure of the Etzel salt some Etzel Salt Dome Extensions ~12 km long, ~5 km wide, depth below surface ca. 700m ca. 12 km Depth below surface ca m ca m approx. 5 km ca m ca m 5

6 Preconditions for a salt cavern project for natural gas today and prospective for hydrogen Cavern Field Etzel Rock salt deposit as an impermeable and inert geological formation of great thickness depth position of m homogeneous rock salt quality (sodium chloride) High gas injection and withdrawal rates / flexible storage operation Low cushion gas ratio / high working gas capacity Fresh water supply and brine disposal Area for AGF infrastructure / transport pipelines 6

7 Cavern Development Phases & Cavern construction period Detailed planning lead time (basic approvals already exists) 12 month infrastructure drilling location / site improvement cavern bore hole pipeline connections (FW, Sole, IW, Blanket) leaching gas pipeline connection (230 bar) cavern completion (gas production string) gas first fill cavern operation 6 month 3 month 6 month 37 month 8 month 3 month 4 month >> 30 years ~ 5 ½ construction period 7

8 The Course of Seawater and Brine 8

9 Cavern Leaching Process engineering drilling site drilling pipeline & elec. connections leaching gas pipeline cavern completion gas first fill snubbing storage operation 9

10 Cavern Storage Etzel Above ground facilities (AGF) and cavern wellhead sites N Etzel cavern wellhead sites B436 IVG Project office Infobox IVG EKB ESE EGL / Statoil Transformer station EWE BEP FSG Crystal 10

11 Cavern Wellhead Site Cavern development from a cluster site applying directional drilling techniques 11

12 Gas Storage (injection / withdrawal) Plant Scheme How natural gas is being stored main pumping brine pumping station station separator IVG IVG-Pipelines withdrawal Gaspipeline 70 bar metering gas drying Seewasser Sole Öl Gas pressure reduction 70 bar cavern tenant injection gas warming wellhead property of IVG filter metering compression max. 200 bar injection withdrawal gas cooling caverns

13 Topics 1 Cavern development at the Cavern Field Etzel 2 Importance of Caverns for energy storage - today and tomorrow 3 Project Long term storage for renewable energy Etzel Demonstration plant wind-hydrogen system 13

14 Presentation of Cavern Construction and Project Development Energy turnaround till 2050 Decisions of the German Federal Government, Juli 2011 Objectives - 80% of power generation from renewable till % in 2020 Phase out nuclear power plants until 2022 Reduction of greenhouse gas: 2020: 40%; 2050: 80% Tasks 1. Wind and solar power do not supply constant power. To secure energy supply we have to park Energy. New energy storages help to store electricity Research & Development. 2. Acceleration of the Power Grid extension and Smart Grids 3. Increase of high efficient plant capacities i.e. combined heat & power, combined cycle. & affordable energy..transition of the energy system more modular more distributed more mulitirectional more fluctuating more flexible 14

15 max. load ~81 GW +10% Energy storage in salt domes Development of Installed Generation Capacity Increase of installed capacity from 158 GW (2010) to 280 GW in 2030 GW Energy storage: increase of installed capacity from 6 GW (2010) to 20 GW (2030) ~300% Natural Gas: increase of installed capacity from 24 GW (2010) to 45 GW (2013) ~ 80% increase of capacity wind & pv: biggest capacity increases 175 GW fluctuating To ensure an adequate supply of electricity and avoid blackouts Germany will need roughly 80 to 90 GW of dispatchable capacity nearly as much as the total conventional capacity today. Source: Boston Consulting Group, Toward a new balance of Power,

16 Importance of caverns in the energy transition Storage as key element at 80% renewable energy system 2050 Positive and negative storage performance must be available at any time Outlook residual load 2050 (GW) under consideration of load management and pumped hydro continuous discharging for several weeks Residuallast in GW 62 TWh deficiency flexible power generation continuous storage for several days TWh surplus energy storages Cut-off wind power 2011 > 400 GWh of electricity, ~1% cut off from generation, accordant ~50,000 households, strongly increasing. Source: Fraunhofer IWES, Energieziel 2050, BWE From 40% (~2025) renewable energy share strong increase storage requirements despite grid expansion 16

17 Technologies for Energy Storage Types of Storages for Dispatchable capacities Goldisthal V = 12 Mio. m³ P = MW /8h W= 8,5 GWh CAES Huntorf V = m³ P = 321 MW /2h W= 0,6 GWh Source: E.ON Cavern Etzel (CNG) V = m³ P = MW /1mth. W= GWh P ~ 250 MW (H 2 ) W ~ 250 GWh (H2) 17

18 Technologies for Energy Storage Comparison of capacity pumped hydro with hydrogen cavern capacity of Goldisthal Source: KBB 18

19 Importance of caverns in the energy transition Techno-Economic Analysis of Large Wind Hydrogen Plants 2030, NOW Idea: Utilise surplus wind energy via hydrogen & establish the conditions for an economically viable operation 2030 Source: NOW-Wind-Hydrogen StudyWasserstoff-Studie, 19

20 Build a 500 MW Wind-Hydrogen Plant (2030) 500 MWel, 60 bar t H2 / h/a η = 70 % 350 MW H2 500 bar, 1 t H2 / Trailer round trip: η =63,7 % t hydrogen [45 Mio.Nm³] ~ 133 GWh (LHV) 16 days to fill η = 97,8% 500 tm³ Natural Gas Combined-cycle plant (CCP) η = 60 % 270 MW el round trip: η =39,8 % (CCP) round trip: η =29,9 % (GT) Source: NOW-Wind-Hydrogen StudyWasserstoff-Studie, modified PtG η ~ 66 % (hydrogen) η ~ 60 % (methanation) 20

21 Summary of Study Results (2030) Results For 2030, substantial amounts of surplus wind power must be expected over long periods. This is an opportunity for energy storage by means of hydrogen. There is a generally positive economic perspective. Exception from grid charges and energy taxes are assumed / needed, but the wind electricity does not have to come for free : The plant is economically viable at up to 30 /MWh and 60 /MWh for electricity, depending on the operating strategy. Wind-hydrogen for mobility will be affordable and will more profitable than stationary use. Operation in different market segments facilitates synergies and improves the economic situation. Systems to be operational in 2030 must be planned and implemented from 2022, the decisive factor being the storage cavern. Demonstration activities are required for almost all components. Source: NOW-Wind-Hydrogen StudyWasserstoff-Studie, modified 21

22 Topics 1 Cavern development at the Cavern Field Etzel 2 Importance of Caverns for energy storage - today and tomorrow 3 Project Long term storage for renewable energy Etzel Demonstration plant wind-hydrogen system 22

23 Wind-Hydrogen Pilot Plant Etzel Long-term storage for wind power Grid connection to single wind power plant or wind farm hydrogen production via electrolysis (2 6 MW) Cavern: Energy storage & management of operation all options are feasible, also PtG, flexibility during course of the project dependent on the partner involved 23

24 summary Cavern Storage Today and Tomorrow The Etzel Cavern Site is of strategic importance for safeguarding energy supply to Germany and it has economic impact to the region. The Etzel Salt Dome has a high development potential even for storage of SNG & hydrogen from electrical surplus power. The scalable wind-hydrogen demonstration plant Etzel is a realistic option for a long term storage of renewables. Energy Hub in the Northwest of Germany Pilot plants are required now to achieve the technology in due time in the needed scale and in an economical operation 24

25 Our Potential in the Subsurface Thank you for your attention! Carsten Reekers, IVG Caverns GmbH