Swords to Plowshares at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Transcription

1 Swords to Plowshares at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Roger Werne Deputy Director Industrial Partnerships May 29, 2014 From National Security to Energy Security This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by under contract DE-AC52-07NA Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC

2 LLNL Mission: National Security in a Global Context Stockpile Stewardship Global Security Energy & Environment Basic Science Pursuing our mission through the development of breakthrough technology to enhance national security, meet energy and environment needs and enhance economic competitiveness

3 LLNL science and engineering capabilities developed over six decades of national security work are being applied to energy security--- Three example projects: Wind energy forecasting Energy storage Solar energy system for remote applications

4 California s 2020 goal of 33% renewable generation poses challenges to the grid operator Wind & solar generation uncertain and highly variable Need daily peak shaving, 5 minute load following, and 4 second regulation Tehachapi Liu, Shucheng, wind Operational generation for Challenges 30 days. to Integrate 33% Renewable Generation, CAISO, Aug. 23, 2012.

5 To help California meet its goal, we apply atmospheric science, field experiments and High Performance Computing to study wind energy availability

6 NCAR s Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) code is used to estimate wind flow at large scale Spatial and temporal resolution - 3 km at key resource areas in California - 9 km for the rest of state - 27 km for rest of WECC - Output at 15 minute intervals Atmospheric Model Domain Configuration WRF fluid dynamics calculations - Wind speed and direction, temperature, solar insolation Ensemble to capture uncertainty - 30 possible weather trajectories Renewables at 5,000 locations 30 possible renewable generation trajectories

7 At the local scale, CGWIND estimates wind flow over complex terrain 2 nd Order High resolution wind farm simulation Open source Structured overset grids GIS-2-Grid topography Moving grid capable Multi-physics capable Detailed turbine representation 4 th Order

8 In addition turbine-turbine interactions and whole-farm optimization are modeled Detailed analysis of flow across turbine blades Turbine-turbine wake interactions Predicting, understanding, and optimizing whole farm wind energy generation performance

9 Bottom Line: Forecasting energy generation will help system operators integrate renewables into the grid Atmospheric wind prediction Turbine multi-physics Power output, with uncertainty Improved forecasting yields greater renewable energy deployment

10 Next we look at energy prices and their seasonal Variation Two periods of high prices in winter Earlier and more prolonged period of high prices in summer Feb May Energy prices $/MWh Aug 40 Nov Hour 0

11 Frequency Deviation( Hz) 0 Original StorageOnly Time since Event (s) Ensemble weather forecasts capture uncertainty Production modeling using stochastic unit commitment Supply curves and other detailed analyses Stability analysis Data, models, and high performance computing infrastructure can now be used for other economic studies.

12 For load following, Li-ion batteries cycle once per day in the summer and twice the rest of the year Charge (blue) in early morning and mid-afternoon Generation and charging for 50 MW of 4 hour Li-ion battery in SCE service territory MW Discharge (red) in morning during winter, spring and fall Discharge in afternoon all year Figure 10-1

13 Vacuum vessel Rotor/carbon fiber flywheel Halbach array stabilizer Stator Levitation magnets Touchdown bearings Electro-Mechanical Battery (EMB)

14 S Glass Electrodes (20) Carbon Composite Rotor/carbon fiber Flywheel assembly Squirrel Cage

15 Carbon fiber winding almost complete Final curing in 140F for 24 hours

16 GyroSolé Harmonic Engine: A key to small Solar power for remote locations Charles L. Bennett

17 Solar Steam Engine in Action Solar Concentrator GyroSolé Steam Engine Water Tank

18 Harmonic Engine patent issued 2 years ago Improved Harmonic Engine patent is pending Engine Cycle Harmonic Engine Features: Simple/inexpensive design Automatically adapts to maximize efficiency

19 GyroSolé is a Personal Power Plant External combustion enables use of any fuel to supplement/supplant solar heating

20 GyroSolé Steam System in 3rd World Indoor open fire cooking is killing millions each year Steam cooking is healthy and safe

21 GyroSolé Steam System in 3rd World Engine provides power, steam, water pumping