Applying HSPF in Cooper River Watershed for Watershed Restoration Planning

Transcription

1 Applying HSPF in Cooper River Watershed for Watershed Restoration Planning Zeyuan Qiu New Jersey Institute of Technology September 20, 2007

2 Outline Why watershed modeling Why HSPF in Cooper River Watershed What is HSPF How to Apply HSPF A Plan to Apply HSPF in Cooper River Watershed

3 Why Watershed Modeling A watershed model simulates the biological and physical processes of runoff and pollutant generation and transport under different land use and management conditions in a watershed. Common reasons for watershed modeling: Identifying the sources and causes Evaluating the impacts of BMPs Comparing the management scenarios Water quality monitoring is limited and expensive

4

5 Why HSPF in Cooper River Watershed? Cooper River Watershed is too complicated for other watershed models to handle: Urban watershed (78 % Urban, 10 % forest, 8 % wetlands, little others). Complicated in-stream and lake processes Various pollutants (F. Coli., P, Metals)

6

7 Sublist Station Name/Waterbody Site ID Parameters Data Source 4 Cooper River at Haddonfield , , 18-CO-4 Phosphorus, Fecal Coliform NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 5 Cooper River at Haddonfield , , 18-CO-4 Arsenic, Lead, Tetrachloroethylene NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 3 Cooper River at Haddonfield , , 18-CO-4 Cadmium, Mercury NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 1 Cooper River at Haddonfield , , 18-CO-4 Temperature, ph, Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate, Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Unionized Ammonia, Chromium, Copper, Nickel, Selenium, Zinc NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 5 Cooper River at Hopkins Pond Cooper River at Hopkins Pond PCBs, Dioxin NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring 4 Cooper River at Lindenwold Fecal Coliform NJDEP/USGS Data 5 Cooper River at Lindenwold Phosphorus NJDEP/USGS Data 5 Cooper River at Rt 130 at Camden 18-CO-1 Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, Tetrachloroethylene NJDEP Metal Recon 3 Cooper River at Rt 130 at Camden 18-CO-1 Cadmium NJDEP Metal Recon 1 Cooper River at Rt 130 at Camden 18-CO-1 Chromium, Copper, Nickel, Selenium, Zinc NJDEP Metal Recon 3 Cooper River Lake-18 Cooper River Lake Phosphorus NJDEP Clean Lakes, NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring 5 Cooper River Lake-18 Cooper River Lake PCBs, Dioxin NJDEP Clean Lakes, NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring 4 Cooper River N Br at Kresson , 18-CO-2 Fecal Coliform NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 5 Cooper River N Br at Kresson , 18-CO-2 Phosphorus, Dissolved Oxygen, ph, Arsenic NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 3 Cooper River N Br at Kresson , 18-CO-2 Cadmium, Mercury NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon

8 Sublist Station Name/Waterbody Site ID Parameters Data Source 1 Cooper River N Br at Kresson , 18-CO-2 Temperature, Nitrate, Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Unionized Ammonia, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Selenium, Zinc NJDEP/USGS Data, Metal Recon 3 Cooper River N Br at Kresson Rd in Voorhees AN0186 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 5 Cooper River N Br at River Dr in Cherry Hill AN0188 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 5 Cooper River N Br at Springdale Rd in Cherry Hill AN0187 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 1 Cooper River Park-18 Cooper River Park Mercury NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring 5 Cooper River S Br at Evesham Rd in Cherry Hill AN0190 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 5 Cooper River S Br at Gibbsboro Rd in Gibbsboro AN0189 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 3 Cooper River S Br at Rt 41 in Cherry Hill AN0191 Benthic Macroinvertebrates NJDEP AMNET 5 Cooper River, spillway below Evans Pond Cooper River, spillway below Evans Pond PCBs, Dioxin NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring 3 Cooper River-Main stem above Evans Lake Cooper River-Main stem above Evans Lake PCBs, Dioxin NJDEP Clean Lakes, NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring

9 What is HSPF HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran) simulates for extended periods of time the hydrologic, water quality, and associated processes on pervious and imperious land surface and in streams and well-mixed impoundment. Have the root in the Stanford Watershed Model (Crawford and Linsley, 1966). Its development has been continuously supported by EPA and USGS. Its current version HSPF V.12 (WinHSPF) is incorporated into EPA s BASINS.

10 Components Of Water Quality Problems And Pollution

11 Constituents Sources in HSPF Initial storages Nonpoint loadings Point loadings Atmospheric deposition Chemical transformations Releases from the channel bottom Atmospheric gas invasion

12 Land Segments Land surface is viewed as three type of segments. A segment is a portion of land assumed to have uniform properties. Pervious land segment (PERLND) with snow, surface, upper, lower and ground water zones, which allow infiltration Imperious land segment (IMPLND) with little or no infiltration such as urban areas Reaches (RCHRES) such as river, stream, mixed lakes/reservoirs

13 HSPF Application AND Utility Modules Application Modules Utility Modules PERLND IMPLND RCHRES COPY PLTGEN Snow Snow Hydraulics Water Water Conservative Sediment Solids Temperature Quality Quality Sediment Pesticide Nonconservative Data transfer DURANL Duration Analysis Plot data GENER Transform or Combine Nitrogen BOD/DO Phosphorus Nitrogen DISPLY MUTSIN Tracer Phosphorus Carbon Plankton Tabulate, summarize Input sequential time-series data

14 PERLND Simulate a pervious land segment ATEMP Correct air temperature SEDMNT Simulate sediment MSTLAY Estimate solute transport AGCHEM SNOW Simulate snow and ice PSTEMP Estimate soil temperature(s) PEST Simulate pesticides PWATER Simulate water budget PWTGAS Estimate water temperature and gas concentrations PQUAL Simulate general quality constituents NITR Simulate nitrogen PHOS Simulate phosphorus PERLND Structure Chart TRACER Simulate a conservative tracer

15 IMPLND Structure Chart IMPLND Perform computations on a segment of impervious land ATEMP SNOW IWATER SOLIDS IWTGAS IQUAL (see module PERLND) (see module PERLND) Simulate water budget for impervious land segment Accumulate and remove solids Simulate water temperatures and dissolved gas concs. Simulate quality constituents using simple relationships with solids and/or water yield

16 RCHRES Structure Chart RCHRES Simulate a reach or mixed reservoir HYDR Simulate hydraulic behavior ADCALC Estimate advective behavior of constituents CONS Simulate conservative constituents HTRCH Simulate heat exchange and water temperature SEDTRN Simulate inorganic sediment GQUAL Simulate generalized quality constituents RQUAL Simulate constituents involved in biochemical transformations

17 HSPF SYSTEM INTERACTIONS Measured time series: - meteorology - hydrology - point sources GIS coverages: - land use/cover - watersheds - topography - hydrography - soils WDMUtil HSPF GIS flat file WDM file UCI file ANNIE

18 Meteorological Time Series Data For HSPF PERLND/IMPLND RCHRES Precipitation Temp. Snow Water Sediment Soil Temp. Ag. Chem. * Water [1] Heat Gen. Qual. DO Plankton [1] [2] Required Optional For PWATER For PSTEMP Pot. ET Air Temperature Wind Speed Solar Radiation Dewpoint Temp. [1] [1] [2] [3] [5] [3] [4] [5] If volatilization from lake is simulated If photolysis is simulated If RCHRES is a lake Cloud Cover [4]

19 Watershed Data Management (WDM) File A WDM file is a binary, direct access file that stores watershed characteristic data and time series data, such as channel function table (F table), water quality and climate data WDM DSN 1 DSN 2... DSN i properties records File Data sets Detailed data

20 User Control Input (UCI) File An UCI file is a text file with a specific format that contains model parameters and function flags that control HSPF modeling processes Parameters and function flags are organized into different function blocks such as RUN ended with END RUN Complicity of an UCI file depends on the HSPF model functions that would be used

21 UCI Blocks Run Specification Blocks: GLOBAL FILES OPN SEQUENCE Operation Module Blocks: PERLND IMPLND RCHRES COPY etc. Time Series Linkage Blocks: Other: EXT SOURCES NETWORK SCHEMATIC MASS-LINK EXT TARGETS FTABLES SPEC-ACTIONS CATEGORY MONTH-DATA PATHNAMES

22 Applying HSPF Using BASINS 4.0 MapWindow BASINS 4.0 HSPF WinHSPF 12.0 HSPFParm GenSCN WDMUtil HSPFEXP PEST

23 Applying HSPF Using ArcHydro2HSPF Developed by Nathan Johnson at University of Texas at Austin Uses the Geodatabase and ModelBuilder to process GIS data and to build the HSPF model Two tool boxs: crwrhspftools contains custom Geoprocessing tools to aid in HSPF model development; and crwrarchydro2hspfmodels contains ModelBuilder models which link Geoprocessing tools together.

24 Time Series Data The following hourly or daily data are generally needed Inputs: air temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, wind speed, solar radiation, dewpoint temperature, cloud cover For calibration: stream flow, sediment, nutrients and pesticide concentration in stream

25

26 Weather Stations There are 2 weather station data directly available from EPA BASINS: Philadelphia India Mill There might be some weather station data maintained by South Jersey RC&D that can be used in the modeling.

27

28 Redefine the Land Uses There are 6 types of land uses and 56 sub categories of land uses. Classify them into different types of PERLND and IMPLND land segments taking into consideration of Soils Weather Intensity of land uses Spatial variations

29 HSPF Parameter Evaluation There are two types of parameters Physical parameters derived from land use, soil, topography, and stream information Calibration parameters Possible sources for parameter evaluation ARM, NPS, and HSPF User s manuals Applications in related areas such HSPFParm Model calibration process

30 Model Calibration Calibration is an interactive procedure of parameter evaluation and refinement by comparing simulated and observed values of interest Calibration is the most critical process to HSPF application Land surface calibration related to PERLND and IMPLND segments Instream Calibration related to RCHRES segments

31 BMP Scenarios Stormwater recharge through rain gardens, dry wells and bio-detention basins. Buffers Street clearing Various land use/management activities More info

32 Questions & Comments