ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, MANAGEMENT & POLICY

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1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, MANAGEMENT & POLICY By Prof Wang Tao & Dr Peter Louie Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

2 Environmental science is about: How the nature works - Biogeochemical cycle of materials - Relationship among animals, plants, and abiotic factors - Solar-Earth radiation balance and climate Unattainable Earth? - Climate change - Ozone hole - Loss of biodiversity - Energy and resource Human impact - Population - Energy use - Urbanization - Industrial materials - Agriculture Local pollution - Air - Water - Soil - Solid waste Human health and other effects Solutions - Environmental policy - Better/green technologies Focusing on interconnection among different topics and scales and current environmental issues. Copyright@2016 Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

3 Syllabus Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

4 Syllabus Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

5 Syllabus Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

6 Suggested Materials Richard T. Wright and Dorothy F. Boorse, Environmental Science: Toward a Sustainable Future, Pearson Education, Recent editions William Cunningham, Environmental Science: A Global Concern, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Recent editions Robert K. Kaufmann and Cutler J. Cleveland, Environmental Science, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2008 Recommended Study Materials, Text Books & Resources of Qualified Environmental Professional (QEP) Certification, The Institute of Professional Environmental Practice Copyright@2016 Hong Kong Institute of Qualified Environmental Professionals Limited. All Rights Reserved.

7 Examples of knowledge to acquire

8 Environmental Policy

9 1) According to the figure below, the environmental issue of global warming is predominantly in which stage of the policy life cycle? A) Recognition B) Formulation C) Implementation D)Control

10 2) According to figure below, what range of reduction of pollution has the optimum cost-effectiveness? A) 0-15% B) 20-30% C) 50-75% D) 75-90%

11 3) The concept of sustainability as applied to marine resources means we will manage these resources to A) maintain only the commercially valuable species. B) maintain only recreationally important species. C) maintain only those species having little or no commercial or recreational value. D) maintain viable populations of all fish species. E) maximize harvest of commercially valuable species.

12 Climate Change

13 4) The layer of the atmosphere that is closest to the Earth s surface is the A) troposphere. B) stratosphere. C) mesosphere. D) thermosphere.

14 5) is the influence any particular factor has on the energy balance of the atmosphereocean-land system. A) Global warming B) Radiative forcing C) Greenhouse warming D) Planetary albedo

15 6)All of the following are anthropogenic greenhouse gases except A) carbon dioxide. B) molecular oxygen. C) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). D)methane.

16 7) The primary goal of the Kyoto Protocol is to reduce the atmospheric release of A) carbon dioxide B) ozone C) CFC s (chlorofluorocarbons) D) oxygen E) nitrogen

17 Ecology

18 8) Which is true statement concerning the value of biodiversity to humans activities today? A) most medicines once obtained from plants can now be produced synthetically. B) most ecosystem goods and services are derived from living organisms. C) modern plant and animal breeding have reduced the importance of wild species. D) human produced recreational activities have replaced natural recreational activities. E) biodiversity is primarily a scientific interest today.

19 9) A grouping of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their environment in such a way that the group is sustained is defined as A) a biosphere. B) a community. C) an ecosystem. D) a species. E) an association

20 10) Abiotic means A) toxic. B) antibiotic. C) nonliving. D) desert. E) microscopic.

21 11) The range or amount of a required factor which is most favorable for an organism's growth and reproduction is known as the: A) range of tolerance. B) limits of tolerance. C) optimum range. D) zone of stress E) pyramid of biomass.

22 12) "Nitrogen fixation" refers to A) converting nitrogen gas to chemical forms which plants can incorporate. B) repairing broken molecules. C) releasing nitrogen to the air. D) animals releasing nitrogen in their urine. E) applying fertilizer.

23 13) CFCs primarily contribute to the destruction of the ozone by A) producing chlorinated gases that reflect back a significant amount of ultraviolet light. B) releasing carbon monoxide into the stratosphere, which reacts with the oxygen in ozone. C) releasing gases into the stratosphere that block the enzymes that create ozone. D) contributing chlorine, which acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of ozone.

24 14) Building on scientific research and careful measurements, the 1987 Montreal Protocol represented A) global stewardship to limit the destruction of the ozone. B) agreements to maintain sustainable levels of agricultural productivity. C) sound science to better understand the impact of acid precipitation. D) stewardship by the Canadian government to limit the production of greenhouse gases.