7 th Science Exam Review Spring Semester Exam 2018

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Period: 7 th Science Exam Review Spring Semester Exam 2018 This review packet is divided into 6 sections. Each section is due on a different date, and will be checked in class that day. You are encouraged to work ahead, if you can! If you get behind, it is your responsibility to show your teacher your past due sections. The key will be posted on your teacher s website and/or Google Classroom Wednesday, 5.23 after school. We will spend Thursday, 5.24 and Friday, 5.25 reviewing together as a class. Question Numbers 1-25 Section Human Body Systems (Endocrine, Digestive, Skeletal, Muscular) Due Date Wednesday, 5.16 Check ( ) here when section is complete! Chemistry Thursday, Ecology I Friday, Ecology II Monday, Environmental Changes Tuesday, Physics & Astronomy Wednesday, 5.23 EXAM SCHEDULE Tuesday, 5.29 Wednesday, 5.30 Thursday, 5.31 Friday, st Period 2 nd and 3 rd Periods 4 th and 5 th Periods 6 th and 8 th Periods Regular Release at Regular Release at Early Release at Early Release at 3:15 PM 3:15 PM 12 PM 12 PM 1

2 Human Body Systems: Endocrine, Digestive, Skeletal and Muscular Systems 1. What is the function of the endocrine system? 2. What is a hormone? 3. How is the endocrine system different from the nervous system? (think about how messages are delivered)? 4. What is the difference between an endocrine (hormone) gland and a salivary, sweat, or oil gland? 5. Describe what each gland controls: a. Pituitaryb. Thyroidc. Adrenald. Testese. Ovaries- 6. What is the main function of the digestive system? 7. Explain why your stomach lining is not digested by the acid in your stomach. 8. What substance is made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder? 9. What is the function of this substance? 2

3 10. Name, in order, the organs through which food passes as it moves through the digestive tract: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. 11. What do the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder have in common? 12. What is chyme and where is it produced? 13. What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion? 14. What is the function of the small intestine? 15. What is the function of the large intestine? 16. If the small intestine is longer than the large intestine why are the names not switched? 17. How is your skeletal system like a factory? 18. How is your skeletal system like a storehouse? 19. Beginning at the inside of a bone, what are the four layers of bone? a. b. c. d. 20. Which part of the bone is the strongest? 21. Why do birds have more spongy bone than humans? 3

4 22. What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system? a. b. c. d. e. 23. Define the words listed below: A. periosteum - B. bone marrow- C. ligament - D. joint - E. tendon - F. cartilage 24. What is the difference between involuntary and voluntary muscles? 25. Give an example for each of the following muscle types: a. Involuntary, Cardiac = b. Voluntary, Skeletal = c. Involuntary, Smooth = CHEMISTRY Know the definitions, uses and examples of the following words: 26. Matter: 27. Physical Property: 4

5 28. Chemical Property: 29. Physical Change: a. Give 3 examples: 30. Chemical Change: a. Give 3 examples: 31. Signs of a chemical change: 32. Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter: 33. Atom: a. Proton: b. Neutron: c. Electron: 34. Element: a. Period: b. Group: c. Valence Electron: 35. Compound: a. Give an example of an element: b. Give an example of a compound: 36. Pure Substance: 37. Four Types of Organic Compounds ( include how each example is used or broken down by our bodies) : a. b. c. d. 5

6 38. Which element do all organic compounds contain? 39. Your digestive system must break down carbohydrates into so your body can use them. 40. Acid: 41. Base: 42. Neutral: 43. ph: 44. Biome- ECOLOGY I * Know general characteristics of the world s major biomes *Be familiar with structural/behavioral characteristics needed to survive in different biomes 45. Adaptation- 46. Structural Adaptation- 47. Behavioral Adaptation- 48. Instinct- 49. Migration- 50. Hibernation- 6

7 51. Learned behavior- 52. Mimicry- 53. Camouflage- 54. Natural Selection- 55. Selective Breeding- 56. A bird is born with a beak that is longer than the beak of other birds in the species. The longer beak helps the bird catch more food, which makes it healthier than the other birds, this will live longer and breed more than the other birds. Is this an example of natural selection, or selective breeding? EXPLAIN. 57. A pet store is breeding two different types of dogs, hoping they will produce a combination of both of the dogs traits in their offspring. Is this an example of natural selection, or selective breeding? EXPLAIN. 58. Biotic Abiotic Symbiosis - a. parasitism - b. mutualism - c. commensalism Limiting factor Competition Predation - 7

8 64. Niche Habitat Species Population Community - ECOLOGY II Define the following words: 69. Stimulus- 70. Response- 71. Internal stimulus- 72. External stimulus- 73. Phototropism- 74. Geotropism- 75. Producer Decomposer Consumer Biomagnification 79. Give 2 examples each of internal and external stimulus & response: 80. Explain the difference between the terms autotroph and heterotroph. 8

9 81. Use the key on the right to identify the organisms below. 82. Diagram a simple food chain (using any organisms) and label the following parts; producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, and quaternary consumer. 83. What do the arrows in a food chain represent? Explain why the arrows on food chain point in a specific direction. 84. Describe the 10% rule and how it applies to food chains. Also, explain what happens to the other 90% of the available energy. 9

10 85. Using your food chain from #82, design and solve one 10% rule problem for your food web. 86. Write out the chemical equation for photosynthesis. 87. What types of organisms can photosynthesize? 88. What type of energy transformation occurs during photosynthesis? 1. Pond Grass 2. Grasshopper 3. Shrimp 4. Bass 5. Heron 6. Shrew 7. Owl/Hawk 8. Duck 9. Songbird 10. Sandpiper 89. In the above food web, identify a: Producer: Primary Consumer: Secondary Consumer: Tertiary Consumer: 90. What organisms would potentially suffer if the grasshopper population greatly decreased due to harmful pesticides? How might this change impact the overall food web? 91. What do the arrows represent (in a food chain/web)? 10

11 92. At which level in a food chain/web is there the greatest amount of available energy? 93. Explain the difference between a food web and a food chain. 94. If you ate 3 big fish, which had each eaten 5 small fish, who had each had 10 insects, who had each had 25 plant pieces, how much methylmercury would be in you? Assume that each plant piece each has one drop of methylmercury. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES Write the definitions AND examples of the following words below: 95. Weathering- 96. Erosion- 97. Deposition- 98. Condensation- 99. Precipitation Transpiration Evaporation Watershed Aquifer Runoff Water Table Ground Water Surface Water- 11

12 108. Describe the steps of ecological succession. Use the words climax community, pioneer species, and biodiversity in your explanation What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? 110. Explain the process of eutrophication What are the 3 R s of conservation? a. b. c What are fossil fuels? Describe how they are formed; and list the 3 types Explain the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. List 2 examples of each Why do humans continue to use nonrenewable resources, if they re so bad for the environment? Think of 2 reasons Give 3 examples how humans negatively impact the world around us- including the watersheds and ecosystems What is an anthropogenic change? 117. List the 5 most common anthropogenic changes. 12

13 PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY 118. Define work: 119. What is the formula for work? 120. List the units for work, force, and distance What are the 3 ways that simple machines help us? 122. Name the 4 types of simple machines discussed in class, sketch one real life example, and explain how we use them to make work easier to accomplish. Name: Sketch: Name: Sketch: Explain: Explain: Name: Sketch: Name: Sketch: Explain: Explain: 123. What is an advantage of using simple machines to help you do work? 13

14 124. What is the general disadvantage of using simple machines to help you complete work? 125. Write the equation for calculating the Mechanical Advantage of a ramp: Use the following diagrams of inclined planes to answer questions Which inclined plane has the HIGHEST mechanical advantage? 127. Which inclined plane has a mechanical advantage of 3? Remember to SHOW WORK and include CORRECT UNITS! 128. How much force would be required to push a chair 22 m down the hall, doing a total of 88J of work? 129. What is the height of the table if the inclined plane has a mechanical advantage of 4 and the length of the slope is 24 m? 130. If a ramp has a mechanical advantage of 9, and it is 36 meters long, how high is it off of the ground? 14

15 131. It will take 400 N of force for Mrs. McCormick s students to lift a piano 4 meters up onto the stage. Luckily, Madeline suggests they use an inclined plane to make their job easier. If the inclined plane is 8 meters long, how much force will the students need to use to push the piano up on the stage? *Must include correct units!!* 132. What is energy? 133. Describe the difference between potential and kinetic energy What is an energy transformation? Give two examples List at least 5 different forms of energy, and an example of each: 136. What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state? 137. List all 7 fundamental traits of living things: 138.What are the 4 qualities of Earth that enable it to sustain life? 139.How is human life sustained by the sun? 15

16 140.What are the 4 spheres that make up the Earth? 141.What gases make up our Earth s atmosphere? 142.What are the 2 most important functions of our Earth s atmosphere? 143.What is the difference between mass and weight? 144.How is the mass of a planet related to the amount of gravity on a planet? 145.Why is water such an important resource to us on Earth? Hooray! You are finished!! Check your answers against the key (posted online Wed., 5.23). 16