JNU GIAN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY AND BIOVALORIZATION. Overview

Transcription

1 JNU GIAN Overview SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY AND BIOVALORIZATION Solid waste is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from combined residential, industrial and commercial activities in a given area. Management of solid waste reduces or eliminates adverse impacts on the environment and human health and supports economic development and improved quality of life. A number of processes are involved in effectively managing waste for a municipality, industrial and agriculture sources. These include monitoring, collection, transport, processing, recycling and disposal. Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) takes an overall approach to creating sustainable systems that are economically affordable, socially acceptable and environmentally effective. It is proposed that inventory data related to waste generation will be discussed by GIS and base line studies for bio-utilization and bio-valorization of solid waste. The technology options available for processing the Solid Waste (MSW) are based on either bioconversion or thermal conversion depending upon the composition of waste. The major composition of waste is lignocellulosic in nature which may be used for bio-conversion process to form biofuel or to generate biogas such as methane (waste to energy), compost, residual sludge (manure) and value added products including bioplastics by biovalorization processes such as aerobic, anaerobic and vermi-composting methods. The thermal conversion technologies are incineration with or without heat recovery, pyrolysis and gasification, plasma pyrolysis and pelletization or production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). A brief account of these technologies is essential for evaluating their efficiency, applicability and impacts. An analysis of various technological options, their salient features, environmental implications, cost norms and suitability to the biophysical environment will be discussed. It is believed that present efforts will be useful to enhance activities of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to facilitate and channelize individual philanthropic contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds to achieve the objective of Clean India (Swachh Bharat) by the year Resource recovery is the selective extraction of disposed materials for a specific next use, such as recycling, composting or energy generation in order to extract the maximum benefits from products, delay the consumption of virgin resources, and reduce the amount of waste generated evaluated by life-cycle assessment analysis (LCA) will also be discussed during course. Objectives 1. The proposed module will able to play significant role in various activities of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. 2. As a followup, it will be helpful to recover products and processes from solid waste with help of the fermenter technology developed in Canada, by Prof. Tyagi. Course details There will be one 2 h lecture per day.

2 Topic Days-lectures 1. Inventory, data generation and characterization of lignocellulosic and 2 manmade biowaste generated from municipal and industrial sites in India 2. Development of effective microbial cell factories by isolation and 4 characterization of microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and microalgae) from indigenous sources and continuous enrichment (molecular breeding/bioaugmentation) and enzymatic cocktail based methods, and optimization of processes parameters for recovery of bioethanol, biomethane and biohydrogen 3. Optimization of process parameters, use of softwares and pilot scale 3 demonstration/discussion of the methods for production of biofuels (biogas, bioethanol and biohydrogen) and chemical for zero waste. 4. The thermal conversion technologies are incineration with or without 3 heat recovery, pyrolysis and gasification, plasma pyrolysis and pelletization or production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). 5. Testing of techno-economic viability of the above technologies by lifecycle assessment (LCA) method to evaluate the performance of the 2 developed technologies building upon existing and on-going LCA activities in the field of biobased products and processes. 6. Final Examination/Test 1 Teaching faculty Professor R.D.Tyagi Dr. R. D. Tyagi, Ph.D., is Professor of Biochemical Engineering at INRS-ETE, Université du Québec., Canada. Dr. Tyagi was graduated from the University of Delhi receiving a B.Sc. degree in 1971 and a B.Sc. (chemical technology) from Kanpur University in He received his Ph.D. (Bio-chemical Engineering) in 1979 from lndian Institute of Technology, Delhi. He served as a lecturer at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, from 1979 to 1980 and 1982 to 1984 and as a scientist at the Université de Technologie de Compiegne, Compiegne (France) from 1980 to It was in 1984 that be assumed his present position. Dr.Tyagi has published/presented over 500 research articles in refereed scientific international journals, conferences proceedings and is the author of ten books, eighty-six book chapters, ten research reports and nine patents. He is Associate Editor of Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic & Radioactive Waste Management- Am.Soc.Civil Engineering and serves on the editorial board of Process Biochemistry and Bioresource Technology. He conducts research on hazardous/solids waste management, water/wastewater treatment, and wastewater sludge treatment/disposal, bioconversion of wastewater and wastewater sludge into

3 value added products, bioconversion. He has developed the novel technologies of simultaneous sewage sludge digestion and metal leaching, bioconversion of wastewater sludge (biosolids) into Bacillus thuringiensis based biopesticides, bioplastics, biofertilisers, biocontrol agents and biodiesel. Based on his research work, CFI (Canadian Funds for Innovation) has funded $10,000,000 CAD to construct a pilot plant facility to facilitate research and infuse technology to user sector. His research has been recognised worldwide as a significant contribution to mitigate different wastes and to simultaneously produce value added products consequently leading to carbon sequestration in the environment and hence minimizing impact on climate change. The research on production of biopesticides and other biocontrol agents from wastes will also serve as a platform for development and percolation of these technologies in the developed as well as developing world which will be a scientific and economic asset. He has voluntary served on the Boards of several professional organizations and on the panel of several granting agencies. International Water Association, board of specialist group on, Appropriate Technology for Developing Countries. He is currently on the Executive Committee of the Canadian Association on Water Quality where he has served for over 20 years. He has supervised 21 M.Sc. and 50 Ph.D. students. His research on «bioconversion of sewage sludge to value added products» has been recognized internationally and has received many International Awards, afew of which are indicated below. «Excellence in Environmental Engineering Award, SUPERIOR AWARD»American Academy of Environmental Engineers (2015).In 2010, he received the «Industry-University Partnership Project Award» from Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada; the 2010 Global project Innovation Award: Applied Research on bioconversion of sewage sludge to value added products given by the International Water Association (IWA) and the «Excellence in Environmental Engineering Award, GRAND AWARD» of American Academy of Environmental Engineers (2010). He received the international medal (2007), «IWA Specialist medal for outstanding research contribution in sludge management» and four most important ASCE awards (American Society of Civil Engineering: «RUDOLPH HERING MEDAL» in 2008» «ASCE State-of-ART Award 2007& 2014» and «Wesley Horner Award 2007».He is also a member Academician, European Academy of Sciences and Arts. Who can attend Students involved in UG, PG and Doctoral degree programme in Environmental Sciences. Student at all levels (B.Tech/M.Sc/M.Tech/Ph.D) or Faculty from reputed academic institutions and technical institutions. Students, teachers and technical staffs working on environmental solid and waste water management.

4 Executives, engineers and researchers from manufacturing, service and government organizations including R&D laboratories. Industries, municipal and other sectors people interested to contain solid waste for management including recovery of products for economy development. Technocrats interested for management of Green House Gases and production of biofuel, and biomaterials. 7. Registration Fees Participants from abroad : US $500 Participants from India Participants from India For JNU students : Free For students from other recognized institutions : Rs. 1000/- For Government sponsored research institutions and Civil Society Bodies : Rs. 5000/- Industry : Rs /- PROPOSED BUDGET Sl No Description of budgetary head per Course Amount (Rs.) 1. International Expert Air Fare 2,00, Honorarium to Expert 5,75, Lecture learning preparation- Notes/video material 50, Contingency 50, Video recording expenses 30, Miscellaneous expenditure 50, Host Faculty Honorarium 30,000 Total 9,85,000 Course Coordinator (a) Host Faculty : Professor Indu Shekhar Thakur, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi isthakur@mail.jnu.ac.in; isthakur@hotmail.com Phone : (b) Co-host Faculty, if any : Professor Dinesh Mohan

5 Teaching and Learning Methods The course will mostly rely on traditional lecture style teaching with homework based problems for design and engineering related course content. One student project will allow self-directed learning in a topic of the student s interest and the final lecture will be centered around class discussion to develop critical reasoning on topics of sustainability in a group learning environment. Course Materials Lecture notes will be provided prior to lectures. Recently published journal articles relating to current state-of-the-art will be provided as additional reading.