MIS Exam Revision Modules 1-11!

Transcription

1 MIS Exam Revisin Mdules 1-11 Mdules 1-4 Chapter 1: Why MIS? The Imprtance f MIS All based arund Mre s Law. The number f transistrs per square inch n an integrated chip dubles every 18 mnths. Speed f a cmputer dubles every 18 mnths. Because f Mre s law, the cst f data cmmunicatins and data strage is essentially zer. Fcuses n fur skills: Abstractin- ability t make r manipulate mdels. Systems Thinking- mdel cmpnents in a system and cnnect the inputs and utputs. Cllabratin- give and receive critical feedback. Experimentatin- making a careful and reasned analysis f an pprtunity. What is MIS? The develpment and use f IS that helps businesses achieve their gals and bjectives. A system is a grup f cmpnents that interact t achieve sme purpse. IS is a grup f cmpnents that interact t prduce infrmatin. Using the five cmpnent mdel Cmputer hardware- actrs and take actins. Sftware- instructins fr hardware. Data- bridge between bth sides f the mdel. Prcedures- instructins fr peple. Peple- actrs and take actins. What is infrmatin Infrmatin is knwledge derived frm data. Infrmatin is data presented in a meaningful cntext. Infrmatin is prcessed data. Infrmatin is a difference that makes a difference. One persn s infrmatin is anther persn s data. Infrmatin is always subjective. Factrs f Infrmatin Accuracy- gd infrmatin. Crrect and cmplete. Prcessed crrectly as expected. Timely- infrmatin given in time fr its intended use. Relevance- infrmatin t the cntext and t the subject. Sufficient- sufficient t the purpse in which it was generated but just barely s. Cst- Csts f develping infrmatin. Operating and maintenance csts. Reading and prcessing csts. Apprpriate relatinship between the cst and value.

2 Chapter 2: Cllabratin infrmatin Systems What is cllabratin Cllabratin ccurs when tw r mre peple wrk tgether t achieve a cmmn gal, result r wrk prduct. It invlves cmmunicatin and c-rdinatin. Cllabrative wrk invlves feedback and iteratin. It is driven by three critical factrs: Cmmunicatin An imprtant skill is cmmunicatin is cmmunicatin skills. Having the abilities f the grup s members in giving and receiving is imprtant. Availability f effective cmmunicatin systems. Due t peple all ver the wrld the availability f and mre sphisticated and effective cmmunicatins is crucial. Cntent management- When multiple users are changing dcuments, assignments and tasks there is a need t manage cntent t avid cnflict. With different rights and pwer frm members, infrmatin systems play a key rle in enfrcing restrictins. Wrkflw cntrl- A prcess r prcedure by which cntent is created, edited, used and dispsed. The wrkflw specifies particular rdering f tasks. The three cllabratin drivers are nt equally imprtant. Many use cmmunicatin the mst hwever sme use wrkflw cntrl. Cmpnents f Cllabratin Infrmatin System Hardware Sftware Data Prcedures Peple Client Cmputers Server Cmputers Ggle Dcs Micrsft Grve Micrsft SharePint There are tw types f hardware in a cllabratin system: Client Hardware- cmputers, phnes that users emply t participate in cllabratin activities. Server Hardware- cmputers that are installed and perated by IT prfessinals. There are three main sftware applicatins: Ggle Dcs & Spreadsheets- nly requires Firefx r Internet n client cmputers. Easy accessibility. Micrsft Grve- csts mney. Free fr uni students. Must be installed n all cmputers wh are participating in a grve sessin. Micrsft Share-Pint. Data cnsists f dcuments, discussins, tasks and ther types f data. There are tw types f prcedures: Dcuments Wikis Task Lists Using the sftware and team cllabratin. Cmmunicatin and cllabratin skills. Prcedures fr using the cllabratin sftware and cnducting the cllabrative prject.

3 Hw the team will perfrm its cllabrative wrk. Tasks include: Starting, Planning, Ding and Wrapping Up. Sme cmmunicatin skills include: Being enthusiastic, being pen minded and a gd listener. Using Cllabratin Systems t imprve team cmm Synchrnus Cmmunicatin- Meet at the same time Single Lcatin Face t face using Wrd r PwerPint Multiple Lcatins Skype, Cnference calls using Micrsft Grve. Videcnferencing has a persnal tuch. Asynchrnus Cmmunicatin- Nt face t face meetings r Discussin Frums r Team Surveys. T much freedm in s. Easy t hide frm them. Discussin frums are better as they stay n track. The use f WebEx r SharedView are free dwnlad prducts fr sharing cmputer screens. Using cllabratins Systems t manage cntent Alternatives fr sharing cntrl N Cntrl Versin Management Versin Cntrl s with attachment Nt gd when there is desire fr cntent cntrl. Changed dcuments is nt shwn t everyne. Shared files Shared cntent is placed n a shared file server. FTP is used t get and put dcuments. Impssible t knw wh changed the wrk and when. A frm f versin management is required. Track changes t dcuments and prvide features and functins. Wikis Cntent that is distributed and managed by wiki users. Wiki track wh mdifies, creates and the dates. Ggle Dcs and Spreadsheets Sharing dcs and sheets T edit must have a ggle accunt. Others can participate by receiving an link t the Ggle page. Micrsft Office Grve User creates a wrkspace which has tls. Tls include frums, dcuments and schedules. Grve can be synchrnusly r asynchrnusly. Telephne cnversatins ccur using Vice ver IP (VIP) Using Cllabratin Systems t cntrl wrkflw Sequential Wrkflw- reviews ccur in a sequence. Track shared cntent and limit access t each dcument. Micrsft SharePint Set f permissins thrugh the use f libraries. Dcuments set up where users have t check ut befre mdifying ccurs. Als has wikis, blgs, wrkflw and websites as part f SharePint. Parallel Wrkflw- Reviews ccur simultaneusly.

4 Businesses using cllabratin systems A prblem is a perceived difference between what us and what ught t be. Cllabratin Phases- Starting, Planning, Ding and Wrapping Up. Decisin Making Levels Operatinal- day-t-day activities Managerial- allcatin and utilisatin f resurces. Strategic- brader scpe, rganisatinal issues. Decisin Prcess Structured- in which there is an understd and accepted methd. Unstructured- n agreed decisin making methd. Key Terms and Cncepts Asynchrnus Cmmunicatin- Members d nt meet at the same time t cmmunicate. Cllabratin- Tw r mre peple wrk tgether t achieve a cmmn gal. Client Hardware- cmputers and ther cmmunicatin devices that help cllabratin t ccur. Cntent Management- where multiple users are cntributing and changing dcuments. File Server- A cmputer that stres files. Parallel Wrkflw- Reviews that ccur simultaneusly. Sequential Wrkflw- sequence f reviews Server Hardware- Cmputers that are installed and perated by IT Prfessinals. Synchrnus Cmmunicatin- Members all meet at the same time t cmmunicate. Versin Cntrl- Limiting actins f users and creating permissin fr users. Vice ver IP- Telephne calls using the Internet cnnectin. Wrkflw Cntrl- Prcess r prcedure that is created, edited, used and dispsed.

5 Chapter 3: Infrmatin Systems fr a Cmpetitive Advantage Industry Structure Cmpetiti ve Strategy Value Chains Business Prcesses Infrmati n Systems Industry Structure- Five Frces Mdel Five cmpetitive frces determine industry prfitability. Yur industry Threat f new entrants Bargaining pwer f suppliers Bargaining pwer f buyers Threat f substitutes Rivalry Bargaining pwer f buyers As a supplier r gds and services yu want lw buyer pwer. Lyalty card schemes use IT t reduce buyer pwer Bargaining pwer f suppliers When yur rganizatin is a custmer yu want t reduce supplier pwer. Use an e-marketplace t reach mre suppliers. Threats f new prducts New entrants might use IT t leapfrg yu. High when there are n entry barriers. IT based added value services can be used t create entry barriers. Threat f substitute prducts r services High if there are prducts r services alternative t the nes prevailing in the industry. Infrmatin-based prducts and services are mst in danger Rivalry amng existing cmpetitrs High when cmpetitin is fierce, as in many established markets. Use Supply Chain Management systems t cut peratinal csts. Cmpetitive Strategies Industry-Wide Cst Lwest cst acrss the industry Differentiatin Better prduct/service acrss the industry