NEW ZEALAND GROUND INVESTIGATION SPECIFICATION. Volume 1: Master Specification

Transcription

1 NEW ZEALAND GROUND INVESTIGATION SPECIFICATION Volume 1: Mster Speifition

2 Doument Development Development of these ouments hs een the ollortive effort of engineers n sientists representing intereste prties within New Zeln. The following pnel of ontriutors ssiste with evelopment of these ouments. Governne Group Srh Sinlir Aukln Counil (Chir) Mike Stnnr Ministry of Business, Innovtion & Employment (MBIE) Chris Besley Aukln Trnsport Jen DeVilliers Wterre Sturt Finln NZ Trnsport Ageny (NZTA) Tony Firlough - New Zeln Geotehnil Soiety (NZGS), Erthquke Commission (EQC) Steve Fulkner New Zeln Drillers Feertion (NZDF) Mro Holtrigter CETANZ CPT Group Ross Roerts Aukln Counil Tehnil Speilists Pul Burton Geotehnis (Geotehnil Lortory Testing) Tom Gre RDCL (Geophysis) In Hyok MMilln Drilling (Drilling Stnrs) Crole Lee Aukln Counil (Contminte Ln) Jne Sherrr Hill Lortories (Geoenvironmentl Lortory Testing) Sm Woofor New Zeln Drillers Feertion (Geotehnil Drilling) Working Group Ross Roerts Aukln Counil (le uthor) Guy Cssiy ENGEO, NZGS Tony Firlough Tonkin & Tylor, EQC, NZGS Sturt Finln NZ Trnsport Ageny Stephen Gre Wterre Slly Hrgrves Terr Firm, NZGS Dr Gilles Seve MBIE Hrry Wh Be Steve Fulkner NZDF Mro Holtrigter CETANZ CPT Group Aknowlegements A rft version of this oument ws seletively relese for inustry review in April Feek ws reeive from the following iniviuls n orgnistions: Shne Stroe-Penny WorkSfe New Zeln Kevin Hin Tonkin & Tylor Eleni Gkeli, Drrel Oostererg, Christine Prkes, Dve Dennison, Steve Cooke, Doug Mson, Ell Bom, Jon English, Helen Dvies, Roert Bon, Ken Re, Roger High, Lis Bon n Regn Knpp Opus Brin Trey DtTrn Ross Pterson Be Phillip Floner Perry Drilling Pul Crter ENGEO Greg Hlne, Ann Neill, Mrtin Grile, John Donvn, Illy Kuti n Anrew Spittl NZ Trnsport Ageny Doument Sttus ISBN: (online) Issue te April 2017 Revision: 0 This oument ws prepre y Aukln Counil with the support of the orgnistions liste ove to ress nee for stnr groun investigtion speifition. While gret re hs een tken in prepring this oument it remins guie n, when use, oes not relieve ny person of the oligtion to onsier ny mtter to whih tht informtion reltes, oring to the irumstnes of the se. All users shoul stisfy themselves s to the ppliility of the ontent n shoul not t on the sis of ny mtter ontine in this oument without onsiering, n if neessry, tking pproprite professionl vie. Aukln Counil oes not provie ny wrrnty s to the ury or ompleteness of this oument or its fitness for ny prtiulr purpose. Aukln Counil shll not inur ny liility rising out of the use of this oument. The oument my e upte from time to time following the issue te n ltest version is ville from the New Zeln Geotehnil Soiety (NZGS) wesite Copyright The opyright owner uthorises reproution of this work, in whole or in prt, so long s no hrge is me for the supply of opies, n the integrity n ttriution of the ontriutors n pulishers of the oument is not interfere with in ny wy.

3 CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION Volume Volume 1 (this oument) Volume Volume GENERAL Coes of prtie Roles n responsiilities Site-speifi hzrs n onstrints Existing utility servies Soil n environmentl Site ess Trffi mngement Working hours Wter supply Disturne n inonveniene Aientl isovery of possile rheologil sites, koiwi or tong Unforeseele onitions n ostrutions Reinsttement n mge Surfe mterils n reinsttement Disposl of risings Equipment n mterils Qulifitions of fiel stff Dily site log 13 3 INVESTIGATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES Referenes Helth n sfety Equipment Methoology 15 4 LOGGING Referenes Methoology logging Methoology photogrphs Reporting 18 5 HAND AUGERING Helth n sfety Methoology Reporting 19 PAGE 1

4 CONTENTS 6 DRILLING Generl Rotry ore rilling Rotry soni ore rilling Rotry open hole (wsh rill) Perussion rilling Core orienttion 24 7 TEST PITS AND TRENCHES Helth n sfety Soil n environmentl Methoology Bkfilling n reinsttement 26 8 CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING Referenes Helth n sfety Equipment Methoology 28 9 DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING Generl onsiertions for ll ownhole geophysis Struturl orienttion Engineering prmeters Geologil ssessment Grounwter DOWNHOLE AND CROSSHOLE SEISMIC TESTING Downhole seismi Crosshole seismi Diretionl survey Other methos SURFACE GEOPHYSICS Generl Surfe wve methos Refrtion/refletion Groun penetrting rr (GPR) Eletril Resistivity Tomogrphy (ERT)/Vertil Eletril Sounings (VES) Other methos IN-SITU TESTING Stnr penetrtion testing (SPT) Cone penetrtion testing (CPT) Hn sher vne testing 45 PAGE 2

5 CONTENTS 12.4 Lrge imeter vne testing Dynmi one penetrtion testing (DCP) Dynmi Proing (DPSH-B) In-situ ensity Plte loing test Cliforni ering rtio test (in-situ) Infiltrtion Test: Doule Ring infiltrometer test Peroltion test Constnt he permeility test Vrile he permeility test Pker permeility test Pumping Tests Pressuremeter test Flt iltometer test INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS Generl Stnpipes for grounwter level monitoring Stnpipes for ontmintion monitoring Virting wire piezometers Inlinometers SURVEYING OF EXPLORATORY LOCATIONS Methoology Reporting GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING Referenes Methoology Reporting GEOENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY TESTING Qulity ssurne/qulity ontrol Methoology Reporting FACTUAL REPORTING Qulity ssurne Reporting 70 APPENDIX A. ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 72 A1 Tehnil n ontrtul terms 72 A2 Roles n orgnistions 75 A3 Types of geotehnil reports 76 PAGE 3

6 1. INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION This speifition hs een written for use in groun investigtions unertken within New Zeln. It is intene for ontrts of ny size, with n emphsis on enourging refully esigne, sfely exeute, onsistently high qulity n ost effetive work. The speifition is inepenent of the onitions of ontrt; it is intene to work in onjuntion with NZS3910, other generl onitions of ontrt or purhse orer tht is pproprite for the sle of projet. The full speifition omprises numer of inter-relte omponents tht, when use together, provie the est opportunity to hieve qulity groun investigtion n simpler, lerer n more onsistent tenering proess for ll prties. 1.1 Volume 0 This volume provies generl vie regring the orret pplition n use of the Speifition n the prourement of geotehnil servies. It oes not form prt of the Speifition, lthough the Speifition is intene to e re in onjuntion with this oument. This oument is not guie to the mngement or implementtion of groun investigtions, or the interprettion n evelopment of groun moels. For more informtion on this the reer shoul onsult one of the mny text ooks on the topi. One exmple is Simons, et l, The NZGS/MBIE Erthquke Geotehnil Engineering Prtie Moule 2: geotehnil investigtion for erthquke engineering provies n exellent introution with New Zeln emphsis. This volume lso provies (s ppenies) set of stnr templtes n guine whih my e useful in improving the onsisteny of groun investigtion prtie ut o not form prt of the speifition. This llows the onsultnts involve to use their own preferre templtes where they lrey exist or where they re more pproprite for the projet n site requirements. PAGE 4

7 1. INTRODUCTION 1.2 Volume 1 (this oument) 1.3 Volume 2 Mster speifition The Speifition omprises series of luses whih re intene s minimum requirements. These minimum requirements hve een set for the geotehnil investigtion tehniques whih re most ommonly use in New Zeln. It is impliit tht only the setions relevnt to the speifi investigtion eing unertken re pplie to prtiulr projet. The Speifition is fixe in ontent n sope; projet speifi requirements, inluing ientifition of whih setions of the Speifition re relevnt to tht projet, re efine in the Projet Speifi Requirements. This wy the Speifition n e sle to suit rnge of projet sizes. Notes for guine Assoite with the Speifition re notes whih lrify the intent of the luses, provie kgroun on why they re wore in speifi mnner, or give est-prtie vie n/or lrifition of generl priniples where the uthors think this is vlule. They o not form prt of the Speifition or ontrt. It shoul e note tht this oument is not intene s mnul for groun investigtion. The notes given re for lrity only. There re numerous other referenes ville whih provie more etil on the groun investigtion proess n speifi methoologies whih shoul e referre to if itionl informtion is require. Projet Speifi Requirements The Projet Speifi Requirements oument is n MS Wor formt templte esigne to e omplete y the lient n geotehnil professionl to give etils on whih spets of the Speifition will pply to the projet, n ny hnges to the stnr woring. This templte is ville from the NZGS wesite. 1.4 Volume 3 Bill of Quntities An exmple of Bill of Quntities is provie, together with premle whih efines pyment terms. The ill of quntities is esigne to e omptile with the Speifition n llow esy mngement of groun investigtion y efining onsistent pyment n mesurement methos. It is lso the preferre tool to lerly efine the sope of work to the onsultnt or ontrtor. Some prties my hoose to use the speifition lone with their own lterntive metho of mesurement. This templte is ville from the NZGS we site. Note Notes for guine re presente in lue oxes similr to this exmple. They o not form prt of the Speifition or ontrt. PAGE 5

8 2. GENERAL 2 GENERAL 2.1 Coes of prtie Exept where otherwise speifie ll work shll e rrie out in orne with the relevnt New Zeln Stnr or guine oument. Where no New Zeln Stnr pplies, the Geotehnil Professionl shll selet n pproprite stnr or guine oument from the following: 1 Interntionl (ISO) Stnrs 2 ASTM Stnrs 3 British Stnrs 4 Austrlin Stnrs 5 Any other pproprite interntionlly reognise oes of prtie or guielines. 2.2 Roles n responsiilities All prties shll omply with ll relevnt sfety legisltion, inluing the Helth n Sfety t Work At 2015 n ny susequent menments. The Consultnt, Contrtor n Lortory shll e responsile for proviing suitly qulifie n experiene stff to mnge n unertke their omponents of the propose work. The Client (Prinipl in the NZS3910 terminology) shll: 1 Allow equte time n uget for the works to e unertken in sfe n responsile mnner. 2 Nominte Projet Mnger who will e responsile for ensuring ll of the Client s responsiilities n oligtions uner this ontrt re met. 3 Immeitely notify the Consultnt n Contrtor shoul the Projet Mnger esrie ove hnge. 4 Be responsile for prepring or prouring the Site Informtion Pk s efine in Setion 2.3. PAGE 6

9 2. GENERAL e The Consultnt shll: 1 Design Groun Investigtion whih meets the nees of the projet, inluing esign n risk mngement. 2 Hve the responsiilities of esigner in the Helth n Sfety t Work At 2015 n must, so fr s is resonly prtile, onfirm tht the investigtion (inluing selete lotions, ess routes n equipment) is esigne to omply to the At. 3 Unertke n oument risk ssessment for the esigne Groun Investigtion n highlight to the Client n Contrtor ll site risks they re wre of, in prtiulr ny unommon or site-speifi risks suh s geotherml tivity. 4 Chek tht ll require helth n sfety notifitions hve een omplete prior to ommenement of physil works. 5 Assess the nee for onsents n hek tht ll require onsents re otine efore works ommene. 6 Provie nme Geotehnil Professionl for the projet. 7 For work on ontminte sites, provie nme Suitly Qulifie n Experiene Prtitioner (CL-SQEP) in ontminte ln. 8 Provie one or more Site Representtives nominte y the Geotehnil Professionl n/or CL-SQEP to provie instrutions on site. On smll projets the Site Representtive my e the Geotehnil Professionl or CL_SQEP. 9 Immeitely notify the Client n Contrtor in writing shoul ny of the nme Professionls, Prtitioners or Representtives esrie ove hnge. 10 Chek tht the works re rrie out in orne with the Contrt, Speifition n Bill of Quntities. The Contrtor shll: 1 Be in ontrol of helth, sfety n environmentl mngement of the site, unless the projet speifi requirements stte otherwise, in whih se the Contrtor shll follow ll resonle instrutions given y the person in ontrol of the site. f 2 Nominte Site Mnger who will e responsile for ensuring ll of the Contrtor s responsiilities n oligtions uner this ontrt re met on site. The Site Mnger shll e se on site uring exeution of the physil site investigtion works. 3 Immeitely notify the Client n Consultnt shoul the Site Mnger hnge. 4 Tke ll prtil steps to mke the site n working environment sfe. 5 Unertke n oument risk ssessment for ll sheule work, tking into ount the risks highlighte y the Consultnt. 6 Provie metho sttement overing ll spets of the work n opy of the risk ssessment to the Client n Consultnt for omment efore ommening physil work. 7 Review n men the risk ssessments n metho sttements if the methoology or onitions hnge. 8 Chek to the est of their ility tht the Consultnt n Client hve rrnge the neessry permits n onsents require for unertking the propose investigtion works prior to strting work. 9 Hol pre-strt/toolox meeting on site t the strt of eh y n t eh new site efore strting ny physil work or unloing ny equipment. This meeting shll over s minimum: the site hzrs n urrent methos of hzr mitigtion eptle ess routes no-go res requirements for ontminte ln instrutions for intertions with the puli. 10 Crete reor of ll pre-strt meetings n site inutions n provie the reor to the Geotehnil Professionl on weekly sis. 11 Control n inut ll visitors to the site, n tke ll prtil steps to mke sure tht ll those working on or visiting the site re wre of (n following) the rules governing site sfety n personl protetive equipment, re properly supervise n not unneessrily expose to hzrs. All Site Stff shll e provie with Personl Protetive Equipment y their employer pproprite to the work involve n the lssifition of the site. PAGE 7

10 2. GENERAL 2.3 Site-speifi hzrs n onstrints The Client shll: 1 Crete, or engge Consultnt to rete, Site Informtion Pk ontining site etils, ess instrutions n known or suspete site hzrs n onstrints inluing etils of the following issues s pplile: Burie n overhe servies (inluing ll ville servie rwings). As-uilt rwings of existing or emolishe strutures. Flooing. Artesin or geotherml onitions. Contmintion. Unexploe ornne. Arheology. Eology, inluing ny protete flor or fun. Livestok. Other prties site usge uring the Groun Investigtion, n their ontt etils where known. Aeptle ess routes n property ess requirements. Exlusion zones. Working hours. The nture n times of generl use of the site y the puli. Noise, ust n/or virtion limittions. Ativities in jent properties or sites. Client or site-speifi helth n sfety requirements. Any other sttutory uthority, environmentl or soil requirements. 2 Provie the Site Informtion Pk to the Consultnt n Contrtor efore tenering or s prt of the invittion to tener. 3 Issue enums or itions to the Site Informtion Pk s soon s prtile s new informtion eomes ville. Some Clients my hoose to provie this informtion in nother formt, typilly s prt of the ontrt. This is resonle s long s it ontins ll the relevnt informtion n is upte if the informtion hnges. The Consultnt shll: 1 Review the Site Informtion Pk 2 Report to the Client n Contrtor ny errors or omissions ientifie in the Site Informtion Pk. The Contrtor shll: 1 Review the Site Informtion Pk 2 Report to the Client n Consultnt ny errors or omissions ientifie in the Site Informtion Pk. 2.4 Existing utility servies The Client will enevour to provie in the Site Informtion Pk ll informtion in their possession out utility servies on the site. This informtion shoul not e tken s omplete, omprehensive or urte reor n oes not in ny wy relieve the Contrtor or Consultnt of their oligtions esrie here. It is the responsiility of the Contrtor to ientify the presene of, n lotions of, ll servies prior to ommening work on site n rrnge ny neessry explortory work, lotion, protetion, isoltion, off-setting, temporry iversion, reinsttement or ltertions require. Intrusive investigtions shll not ommene until the presene or sene of servies n utilities hs een ssesse n n pproprite risk ssessment unertken. Reors shll e kept y the Contrtor of ll tivities unertken for servie lotion. These shll inlue Permit to Dig n mrke up plns (s esrie in Volume 0 Appenix B, or the projet speifi mngement pln pprove y the Client n Geotehnil Professionl). Prior to ommening intrusive work the Contrtor shll ssess the vliity of previous work unertken to ientify n mrk servies, tking into ount the length of time tht hs psse sine the work ws unertken. In se of ny out this work shoul e repete. PAGE 8

11 2. GENERAL e f g If servie lotion n mrk out oes not hppen immeitely efore intrusive investigtion there is risk tht mrks my eome osure, pegs my e move, or new servies my e instlle. To reue this risk the servie mrk out shoul hppen s lose to the time of the investigtion s fesile. The mount of time tht servie lotion n mrk out will remin vli epens on mny ftors inluing the wether n how mny people n ess the site. Eh intrusive Explortory Lotion shll e heke n lere for urie servies prior to strting the test. Where the risk is onsiere to e meium or higher, or where reors re unler or out remins, pit shll e exvte using non-estrutive tehniques (suh s hn exvtion or vuum exvtion) to t lest the epth of the eepest likely servie to visully hek for servies t eh test lotion. An inition of wht is onsiere meium or high risk is given in Volume 0 risk ssessment mtrix. This pproh is not pproprite in ll ses n my e reple y projet or site-speifi vrint or n lterntive pproh to mnging the risk. Non-estrutive tehniques n vry from site to site n will epen on the groun onitions n the likely servies. They shoul generlly not inlue metl tools with shrp eges unless risk ssessment shows tht these re the only pproprite metho for the onitions n tht the risk of hrm to the opertor is very low. For ll Intrusive Groun Investigtions, exept Test Pits n Trenhes, the imeter of the inspetion pit shll e greter thn the lrgest item of equipment to e inserte into the groun s prt of the works. For Test Pits n Trenhes, ny suspete servies within 5 m of the propose Explortory Lotion shll e physilly lote y hn exvtion or similr non-estrutive tehniques to visully onfirm their position. This step my e omitte (with the prior permission of the Geotehnil Professionl) if the risk is low. 2.5 Soil n environmentl e f g No vegettion lerne or soil isturne shll tke ple without prior pprovl from the Client. Any vegettion lerne must e in orne with the Consent requirements n Lol Authority guielines. Storge of vehiles, equipment or mterils within the ripline of trees is prohiite without the prior pprovl of the Client. No Explortory Lotions shll e set within the ripline of ny trees without the pprovl of the Client n, where lol regultions require, the Lol Authority. The Contrtor shll ssess the potentil for ny fluis inluing rilling mus or seiment to enter the surrouning environment, wterwys or stormwter systems n report the results of this ssessment with propose mitigtion mesures to the Client n Consultnt s prt of their tener or proposl for the work. The Contrtor shll provie pproprite mesures to prevent or minimise seiment genertion n silt run off, n omply with ll onsent requirements n other sttutory uthority requirements relting to rrying out erthworks. No ishrge of seiment, rilling mu or other fluis to wterwys, th pits or rins will e epte unless the Contrtor n emonstrte to the Geotehnil Professionl tht they hve ll the pproprite pprovls, inluing from the Lol Authority, Regionl Counil n sset owner. All seiment ontrol mesures shll e remove y the Contrtor one the reinsttement is omplete unless otherwise gree with the ln owner. The Contrtor shll onsier n mke ue llowne to mitigte ll verse impts ssoite with: 1 Noise. 2 Virtion. 3 Dust. 4 Trffi flow. 5 Disruption to puli n usinesses. 6 Proximity to reeptors of pollution inluing exhust fumes. PAGE 9

12 2. GENERAL h i The Contrtor shll keep noise t level pproprite to the surrouning environment n, where ner sensitive reeptors, shll minimise the effets of noise y pproprite plnning, the reful seletion n plement of plnt, progrmming the sequene of opertions n use of rriers. The noise generte from rilling works shll omply with the requirements of NZS 6803; Resoure Mngement At setions 326, 327 n 328; n the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions luse 11, n ny speifi requirements set in the previling Lol Authority ylws. Referene shoul e me to the NZ Trnsport Ageny Stte highwy onstrution n mintenne noise n virtion guie. 2.6 Site ess e Only the gree ess routes s efine in the Site Informtion Pk shll e use. The Contrtor or Consultnt shll not ess the site prior to reeiving the pprovl of the Client n ln owner. The Contrtor shll ssess the risk of hrm or mge ourring to other site users inluing livestok n, in onsulttion with the Client, Consultnt n other site users, shll fene or otherwise isolte the site s pproprite. All rriers rehe or isture uring the work shll e immeitely repire or reple to t lest sme stnr tht existe prior to ommening the physil site works. Set k limits roun works res shoul tke into ount ontminnt exposure hzrs. 2.7 Trffi mngement The Contrtor is responsile for ientifying the nee for trffi mngement n pplying for the relevnt permits to work in the ro orrior. Trffi mngement shll e provie y the Contrtor for ll lotions s require y the Lol Authority, Ro Controlling Authority n/or NZ Trnsport Ageny. 2.8 Working hours Working hours shll e limite to those speifie in the Site Informtion Pk. Where the Lol Authority, lnowner or other stkeholer hs speifi working time onstrints tht re more restritive thn those set in the Site Informtion Pk (eg in setting trffi mngement timings to minimise isruption) the more restritive onstrints shll tke preeene. The Contrtor n Consultnt shll monitor the hours worke y their stff, inluing trvel, n implement ftigue mngement pln if ny person works n trvels for more thn 12 hours in y, works for more thn six ys without rek, or hs less thn twelve hours rest etween shifts inluing trvel. 2.9 Wter supply It my e neessry for the Contrtor to eliver wter y truk lone, or y truk to temporry storge tnk. The rte provie y the Contrtor shll inlue the supply of wter require to omplete the work, n otining ny permissions require. Wter extrtion from wterourses is not permitte unless prior Resoure Consent hs een grnte (where require). The Contrtor shll speify in their methoology the soure of the wter n provie onfirmtion of the pplile permissions n onsents efore work ommenes. Not ll wter soures re pproprite. For exmple, se wter is not pproprite in most ses for use to evelop n environmentl monitoring well. Extrting wter from lol wterwys my e soilly or environmentlly uneptle even if the wter qulity is pproprite for the intene use Disturne n inonveniene The Contrtor shll minimise, s fr s prtile, nuisne n nger to nery resients, the puli, the environment n usinesses. The Contrtor shll mke ll resonle efforts to voi vehiles serviing the site epositing mteril PAGE 10

13 2. GENERAL on puli or privte thoroughfres. Suh mteril is to e ontrolle n remove y the Contrtor to the stisftion of the pproprite uthorities n the Site Representtive. As minimum, suh mteril shoul e remove eh y prior to leving the site; the frequeny my nee to e higher if the ro is hevily trffike or there re ny sfety onerns Aientl isovery of possile rheologil sites, koiwi or tong It is n offene uner S87 of the Heritge New Zeln Pouhere Tong At 2014 to moify or estroy n rheologil site without n uthority from Heritge New Zeln Pouhere Tong (HNZPT) irrespetive of whether the works re permitte or onsent hs een issue uner the Resoure Mngement At. Where n rheologil uthority hs een grnte y Heritge New Zeln ny mteril fins within the speifie extent of tht uthority re overe y the onitions of tht uthority, n this Aientl Disovery Protool oes not pply. However, in situtions where there is no rheologil uthority n potentil rheologil sites n ojets re foun, inluing tong n koiwi, the following proeure will pply. Immeitely following the isovery of mteril tht oul e n rheologil site, koiwi n/or tong, the Consultnt n Contrtor shll ese ll work within 20 m of ny prt of the isovery re n immeitely vise the Client of the isovery. The Consultnt shll then notify ll of the following people of the isovery: 1 The New Zeln Polie if ny Koiwi re unovere. This is requirement of the Coroners At The Projet Arheologist, if nominte in the ontrt ouments. If Projet Arheologist is not nominte in the ontrt ouments, the Client will ppoint qulifie rheologist to ensure ll rheologil sites n Tong Tūturu re elt with ppropritely. 3 The Regionl Arheologist t HNZPT (Heritge New Zeln Pouhere Tong). 4 Approprite iwi group(s) or kitiki representtive. The Contrtor shll seure the isovery re, ensuring the re (n ny ojets ontine within) remins unisture n meets helth n sfety requirements. The Client, Consultnt n Contrtor shll work together to ientify the next steps in orne with the Clients stnrs or rules. Where suh oumenttion oes not exist referene shll e me to the Lol Authority guielines n the NZ Trnsport Ageny Minimum Stnr P45 Aientl Arheologil Disovery Speifition Unforeseele onitions n ostrutions If unexpete onitions or ostrutions re enountere the Contrtor shll immeitely inform the Site Representtive. Explortory Lotions terminte erly for ny reson shll e mesure for pyment only if they re terminte with the permission of the Site Representtive, fully oumente n properly reinstte Reinsttement n mge The Contrtor shll give the Site Representtive opportunity to tke photogrphs of eh Explortory Lotion efore works ommene. It is goo prtie to tke efore n fter photogrphs of eh Explortory Lotion to llow esy re-fining of investigtion lotions fter time hs psse n to simplify isputes over ln mge use y the investigtion. These photogrphs shoul e nme using the sme nming onvention s the Explortory Lotion n shll show the pre-works onition of the site efore the Contrtor me ess with ny plnt, n fter immeite reinsttement tivities hve een omplete. Where possile these photogrphs shll ontin some kgroun ontext n e tken from suffiient istne to llow esy reorienttion uring future site visits. Any mge, or lim y thir prties for ompenstion for mge, shll e reporte to the Site Representtive. PAGE 11

14 2. GENERAL e On ompletion of the works, the Contrtor shll restore the site to its originl onition efore its ouption unless other reinsttement options re stte in the Projet Speifi Requirements. The Contrtor shll mke goo ny mge to the stisftion of the Site Representtive. The Contrtor shll not leve ny litter, eris, equipment or ove groun ostrutions with the exeption of pprove strutures suh s upstn piezometer or inlinometer overs Surfe mterils n reinsttement Topsoil Any topsoil strippe t the site n intene for replement shll e stokpile seprtely from other mterils. Topsoil jent to n Explortory Lotion whih my e mge y the works shll either e remove n stokpile, or otherwise protete from mge. After ompletion of work t the Explortory Lotion the topsoil shll e reple, levelle, n seee with vegettion to mth the existing. If ontminnts re ientifie within the topsoil the CL-SQEP shll vise whether the existing topsoil my e reinstte or whether it shll e reple with importe topsoil, n shll efine the require remeil n mteril isposl mesures Pve res Pve res (other thn pving sls or loks) shll e roken out or ore to the minimum extent neessry. After ompletion of the work t the Explortory Lotion, the pve re shll e reinstte to mth the existing unless other reinsttement options re stte in the Projet Speifi Requirements. Any settlement of the pve re in the lotion of the explortory hole within the efets liility perio shll e reinstte y the Contrtor t their own ost Pving sls n loks Pving sls or loks shll e remove t the site of eh Explortory Lotion n store for reuse. Pving sls or loks jent to n Explortory Lotion whih my e mge y the works shll either e remove n store for reuse, or otherwise protete from mge. After ompletion of the work t the Explortory Lotion the pving sls or loks shll e re-li to mth the existing unless other reinsttement options re stte in the Projet Speifi Requirements Disposl of risings If off-site isposl of risings is plnne, then review of the risk of ontmintion shoul normlly e unertken efore work ommenes to ssess the most pproprite repository. A ontminte ln mngement pln my e require if there is risk of ontminte soil or wter. With the exeption of mteril reple in the orehole or store for future referene, the Contrtor shll sfely ispose of ll orehole uttings, spillge n use rilling fluis offsite t n pprove isposl fility. Contminte wste mterils shll e ispose of t fility liense to ept wste of tht nture. Unless the Client speifies lotions for isposl of risings, the Contrtor shll e responsile for ientifying suitle fility liense to tke wste of the ntiipte nture Equipment n mterils The Contrtor is responsile for the provision, purhse n moilistion of ll neessry equipment n mteril to rry out the works. The Contrtor is responsile for ensuring tht ll mteril n equipment re suitle for the works eing unertken n ple of hieving the ojetives set out in the Contrt. The Contrtor is responsile for trnsporttion of equipment to n from site n etween Explortory Lotions. The Contrtor is responsile for the mintenne of the equipment in goo working orer for the urtion of the Groun Investigtion. PAGE 12

15 2. GENERAL 2.17 Qulifitions of fiel stff e f All Fiel Stff shll tten n inution efore ommening ny work. The inution shll e mnge y the Contrtor n shll explin the projet speifi hzrs n mitigtion mesures. All Drillers shll hol urrent New Zeln or Austrlin Certifite in Drilling (Level 4 or higher). For works ommening efore 2019 this requirement my e wive if the Contrtor n emonstrte tht the propose Drillers hve n equivlent level of experiene. All Drillers Assistnts shll hol urrent New Zeln or Austrlin Certifite in Drilling (Level 3 or higher), or e enrolle on ourse to otin this qulifition. For works ommening efore 2019 this requirement my e wive if the Contrtor n emonstrte tht the propose Drillers Assistnts hve n equivlent level of experiene. All CPT Opertors shll hol urrent CETANZ memership. All rill rig n plnt opertors shll hve oumente eviene of trining on the speifi mhine they will operte. This shoul e Mnuftures Opertors Competeny Certifition (MOCC) where ville, or trining from n experiene opertor of the mhine where MOCC is not ville. Prior to ommening work the Contrtor shll provie eviene tht ll rill rig n plnt opertors hve experiene of working in the onitions ntiipte on the projet. Work in ny of the following situtions will require prior experiene in similr sitution. Where this experiene is not ville the Contrtor shll rrnge supervisor with the relevnt experiene to e present on site t ll times. 1 Working over wter or within the inter-til zone 2 Working on very soft groun 3 Working within the orrior of high-spee ro 4 Working within rilwy orrior 5 Working on ontminte sites or lnfills 6 Working on slopes over 20 egrees 7 Working on or jent to lnslies 8 Working in limite ess res or onfine spes 9 Working in lose proximity to usy, pulilly essile res g h i Aitionl sfety requirements re require for working in geothermlly tive res. See Projet Speifi Requirements. All stff unertking geotehnil logging, testing or smpling shll e ssesse n onfirme s ompetent y Geotehnil Professionl. All stff unertking geoenvironmentl logging, testing or smpling shll e ssesse n onfirme s ompetent y CL-SQEP Dily site log The Contrtor shll mintin Dily Site Log with eh rill rig or other investigtion plnt (eg exvtor, CPT rig et). The Dily Site Log shll e use to reor: 1 Contrtor s nme. 2 Contrt numer. 3 Client s projet numer. 4 Projet Nme. 5 Explortory Lotion IDs. 6 Plnt type, opertor, hours worke. 7 Dte of opertion n wether onitions. 8 Detils of ny ely n stning time, giving resons. 9 All verl or written instrutions. 10 Progress. 11 Results of ll testing unertken. 12 Numer n type of ll smples tken. 13 Grounwter level mesurements. 14 Deontmintion unertken. 15 Consumles use. 16 Time trvelle etween sites. 17 Copies of ll permits, inluing Permit to Dig for eh Explortory Lotion. 18 Any other informtion relevnt to the Geotehnil Professionl s ssessment of pyments. The Contrtor shll sumit one opy of their Dily Site Log to the Geotehnil Professionl. These reors re to e sumitte within five working ys of the y eing reporte. PAGE 13

16 3. INVESTIGATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES 3 INVESTIGATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES 3.1 Referenes 3.2 Helth n sfety e NZS 4411:2001. Environmentl Stnr for Drilling of Soil n Rok. AS/NZS Wter Qulity Smpling. Ministry for the Environment, Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 1, Reporting on Contminte Sites in New Zeln. Ministry for the Environment, Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 2, Hierrhy n Applition in New Zeln of Environmentl Guieline Vlues. Ministry for the Environment, Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 5, Site Investigtions n Anlysis of Soils. The Client n Consultnt shll ientify known or suspete ontmintion in the Site Informtion Pk. The Contrtor shll propose equipment n methoology for use on the site n unertke site-speifi risk ssessment to emonstrte tht the equipment is pproprite for the risks. Certin equipment n introue uneptle risks prtiulr to ontminte ln. For exmple, where there is potentil for n explosive tmosphere speilist equipment is normlly require. PAGE 14

17 3. INVESTIGATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES 3.3 Equipment e Soil smpling tools (hn ugers, spes, trowels n orers) n other equipment in ontt with the groun to e smple (suh s reker rs) shll omprise len, unpinte stinless steel. Monitoring equipment use in grounwter investigtions suh s wter level proes, smple olletion pumps n tuing shoul e selete to minimise the risk tht ontminnts from the smpling equipment ises smples. Equipment for use uring ontmintion investigtions shoul e selete to minimise the risk tht the equipment introues ontminnts into the smples, s this provies potentil soure of is uring ontminte ln investigtions, prtiulrly where low levels of nlytil etetion re require. All equipment use for ontminte ln investigtions must e mintine n lirte in orne with the mnufturer s speifitions n reors of lirtion shoul e mintine n ville on request. Fiel Stff shll implement pproprite eontmintion protools to prevent ross-ontmintion etween smpling points s follows: 1 Loose mteril shll e wshe from the equipment 2 The equipment shll e thoroughly wshe using eontmintion gent wsh, followe y potle wter rinse n finlly istille n eionise (DDI) wter rinse. 3 If speifie y the CL-SQEP in the Projet Speifi Speifition further stem lening n/or methnol rinses my e pplie prior to finl rinsing with DDI wter to remove hevy ontmintion. The effetiveness of these eontmintion protools shll e heke through the regulr use of qulity ssurne smpling. 3.4 Methoology Generl All ontminte ln site investigtions shoul e esigne in orne with the priniples outline in Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 5, Site Investigtions n Anlysis of Soils. The site investigtion shoul lign with the oneptul site moel n with the engineering esign if known. Unontminte groun shoul not e put t risk of eoming ontminte. Suitle proeures to voi this will e site n ontminnt speifi, ut my inlue plsti sheeting li own eneth plnt, spoil n ore oxes. Contminte risings shll e isolte from unontminte groun n wter. Spoil from rill holes my e returne to the rill hole if pprove y the CL-SQEP. If the site oes not hve surfe ontmintion, o not ple ontminte or potentilly ontminte spoil t the surfe. A minimum of 300 mm of len fill shoul e ple t the surfe. Any spoil ispose of off-site shoul e remove to suitly liense isposl fility Grounwter investigtions Where grounwter investigtions re unertken s prt of the ontminte ln investigtions, it is reommene tht minimum of three grounwter wells e instlle in positions n sreene t epths whih lign to the oneptul site moel. All grounwter smples shll e ollete from grounwter monitoring wells. Grounwter nlysis n e ise where the monitoring wells re not onstrute ppropritely. The results of grounwter nlysis ollete from test pits or iretly from oreholes immeitely following rilling o not provie relile inition of ontmintion onentrtions n shoul not e use to ssess ontminnt onentrtions. PAGE 15

18 4. LOGGING 4 LOGGING 4.1 Referenes NZGS, Fiel Desription of Soil n Rok, Guieline for the Fiel Clssifition n Desription of Soil n Rok for Engineering Purposes, New Zeln Geotehnil Soiety. AS/NZS 1547:2012. On-site omesti wstewter mngement. BS 5930:2015. Coe of prtie for groun investigtions. Only for use on spets not overe y the NZGS 2005 guie ASTM D Stnr Guie for Fiel Logging of Susurfe Explortions of Soil n Rok. Only for use on spets not overe y the NZGS 2005 guie. 4.2 Methoology logging Where joint geotehnil n ontminte ln groun investigtions re eing omplete, Fiel Stff unertking logging of ore or smples must e suffiiently trine to log oth geotehnil n environmentl oservtions. Prtiulr note n reor shoul e me uring logging of isolourtion, oours or eviene of wste mterils suh s glss, metl frgments, woo, firous mterils, ruer n plsti, muniipl wste n sheens. All ore n smples shll e logge in orne with the NZGS (2005) Fiel Desription of Soil n Rok. Where the sokge hrteristis of the surfiil mterils re of onsequene to the projet the ner surfe mteril (epth to e onfirme y Geotehnil Professionl) shll lso e logge in orne with AS/NZS 1547 Tle B2 n lssifie oring to Tle E1. Wherever possile, fill shll e esrie s soil in orne with the NZGS (2005) guine. Fill shoul e esrie in full s geotehnil mteril (eg grvelly silt), n not simply s fill. It shoul e ientifie s fill y putting fill s the geologil unit. The Geotehnil Professionl shll rrnge full-time supervision of ll test pits, n ll oreholes where smple reovery is intene. Logging shll tke ple on site within one hour of eh smple eing reovere to the surfe. Signifint hnges n our in smple one expose to the tmosphere n s result of stress reution. Logging s soon s the smple is reovere llows signifintly etter ssessment of the in-situ onition. Full-time supervision improves logging qulity n llows fiel stff to tke into ount hnges in rilling onitions tht woul not otherwise e reore. In some irumstnes full-time supervision my not e essentil. This n e speifie in the Projet Speifi Requirements (Volume 2). 4.3 Methoology photogrphs Shrp olour photogrphs shll e tken y the Consultnt of: 1 Every Explortory Lotion efore works ommene n fter remeition. 2 Every ox of ore 3 At lest one fe of eh test pit or trenh (with sle eg survey stff/mesuring tpe) n t lest one photo of the risings from eh test pit or trenh. 4 Arisings from eh hn uger, li out in epth orer. Eh photogrph shll e: 1 In JPG formt. 2 At lest 5 million pixels in resolution. Before n fter photogrphs of eh Explortory Lotion shll ontin suffiient kgroun ontext to enle esy re-lotion. PAGE 16

19 4. LOGGING The Consultnt shll mke sure tht the following riteri re met for ll photogrphs of ore, smples, or risings: 1 Photogrphs re tken in lnspe orienttion with the shllowest mteril t the top left. 2 Core oxes re evenly n onsistently lit. 3 The fol plne of the mer n the plne of the ore ox re prllel. 4 The length of eh ore ox in eh photogrph fills the frme. 5 The mer is ple in the sme position with respet to the ore ox in every photogrph. 6 The ore is not osure. 7 The ore is in len n s unisture stte s possile (ie efore proing, smpling et, ut fter pling in the ox n lening or srping to remove rill uttings). 8 The following re provie n lerly legile in the photogrph: A stnr olour hrt. A lel ientifying the projet title, Explortory Lotion numer, te n epth(s). A grute sle in millimetres. Tking qulity ore ox photogrphs: High ontrst imges, prtiulrly with sunlight n shows, result in loss of etil n poor olour renition. The Consultnt shoul ttempt to tke ll photos in the sme lighting onitions, voiing iret sunlight, to voi ifferenes in light suggesting ifferene in mteril Photogrphs shoul e tken fter ny rilling-inue smering is remove n efore ore wrp is pplie. The ore shoul e moist when photogrphe s the olours will hnge signifintly on rying. Photogrphs shoul e tken efore the soil or rok is mge y testing (exept s require to fit in the ore ox). The exmple elow shows some mge tht shoul not hve ourre until fter the photogrph ws tken. Where internl strutures re likely to e present the ore my e split; photogrphs shoul e tken efore n fter to show the struture. PAGE 17

20 4. LOGGING 4.4 Reporting All logs shll inlue the following minimum informtion: 1 Projet nme. 2 Client s projet numer. 3 The nme (not initils) of the person responsile for logging the soils enountere. 4 The nme (not initils) of the Geotehnil Professionl or CL-SQEP who reviewe the logs. 5 The strt n finish te of the rilling/exvtion. 6 The position of the Explortory Lotion (oorintes n reue level). 7 The horizontl n vertil tum of the oorintes n levels. 8 For New Zeln Trnsport Ageny (NZTA) projets, the Stte Highwy Route Sttion n Position (SH/RS/RP). 9 For KiwiRil projets the trk kilometre lotion, the horizontl offset from the trk entre line, n the vertil offset from the top of ril level. 10 Plnt type/size. 11 The soil esription of the mteril enountere, seprte into istint lyers with the top n ottom epths of eh lyer eing reore. 12 Drilling fluis use. 13 Grounwter enountere. 14 The epth t whih rilling stoppe n the reson why the hole ws terminte (eg trget epth, hole ollpsing, unle to rill further, stoppe ue to ostrution, et). 15 In-situ testing n smpling shll e inlue on the log t the relevnt epths. Clirtion etils of testing equipment inluing SPT hmmers n sher vnes shll e tthe to eh log. 16 Bkfill etils (eg kfille with risings/ kfille with ompte hrfill, et). For logs of Tril Pits or Trenhes, in ition to the minimum etils for ll Explortory Lotions, the following informtion shll e reore on eh log: 1 Dimensions (length x with x epth) in metres. 2 Orienttion of the longest fe of the test pit (in egrees from north). 3 Depth to wter inflow/outflow n stning wter epth. 4 Sketh of pit sie wll (or mrke up photogrph) showing lyer vriility. PAGE 18

21 5. HAND AUGERING 5 HAND AUGERING 5.1 Helth n sfety 5.3 Reporting Eh Explortory Lotion shll e visully heke for overhe hzrs, prtiulrly power lines n/or trees. Tests shll not exee 5 m in epth unless site-speifi helth n sfety mesures re implemente to mitigte the mnul hnling risk. Depening on the groun onitions n epth the mnul hnling of the ros n eome hzrous n the mount of squeezing on the he n inrese, mking extrtion of the uger iffiult n potentilly using k strins. 5.2 Methoology Hn uger holes shll e kfille on ompletion, with risings from the sme hole or with sn s efine in the Projet Speifi Requirements. All logs shll inlue the following minimum informtion: 1 Projet nme. 2 Client s projet numer. 3 The nme of the person responsile for logging the soils enountere. 4 The nme of the Geotehnil Professionl who reviewe the logs. 5 The strt n finish te of the rilling/ exvtion. 6 The position of the Explortory Lotion (oorintes n reue level). 7 The horizontl n vertil tum of the oorintes n levels. 8 For NZTA projets, the Stte Highwy Route Sttion n Position (SH/RS/RP). 9 Equipment type/size. 10 The soil esription of the mteril enountere, seprte into istint lyers with the top n ottom epths of eh lyer eing reore. 11 Grounwter enountere. 12 The epth t whih rilling stoppe n the reson why the hole ws terminte (eg trget epth, hole ollpsing, unle to rill further, stoppe ue to ostrution, et). 13 In-situ testing n smpling shll e inlue on the log t the relevnt epths. 14 Bkfill etils (eg kfille with risings/ kfille with ompte hrfill, et). 15 Where DCP test is unertken within 1 m of n uger hole, the DCP test results shoul e inlue on the hn uger log. PAGE 19

22 6. DRILLING 6 DRILLING 6.1 Generl Referenes NZS 4411:2001. Environmentl stnr for rilling of soil n rok. ASTM D Prtie for imon ore rilling for site investigtion Helth n sfety e The Contrtor shll provie the Geotehnil Professionl with Sfety Dt Sheets (s efine y Worksfe New Zeln) for ll itives n other potentilly hzrous sustnes propose to e use on the projet, prior to the ommenement of ny rilling work. All rill rigs shll e pproprite for the propose sope n hve urrent WOF/COF if mounte on ro-going vehile. The rill rig must e le to reh the ontrte orehole epth within the mnufturer's rting of the mhine. All rotting prts must e gure, inluing the rill string when eing rotte (exept when eing rotte to unsrew ros, in whih se the rottion shoul e t the minimum spee possile). This requirement my e isregre in exeptionl irumstnes if oth the following pply: 1 there is no suitle equipment ville; n 2 the Contrtor n present suitle lterntive mitigtions to the stisftion of the Geotehnil Professionl n Client tht omplies with AS/NZS 4024 n Regultion 11 of the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions The rill rig must e free from ny oil leks, exessive noise, ust or smoke. For informtion out noise levels see the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, Regultion 11. PAGE 20

23 6. DRILLING Soil n environmentl The Contrtor shll ensure tht ll propose itives re either ioegrle or wter solule n environmentlly pproprite. The Contrtor shll rrnge for the olletion n proper removl n isposl off-site of rilling mu, itives or fom returns. The Contrtor shll exvte re-irultion pits n/or provie re-irultion tnks t the rillhole lotions if flush returns nnot e ishrge sfely, or if instrute y the Site Representtive. Where there is the potentil to enounter rtesin grounwter, the Contrtor shll hve pre-efine methoology to sfely ontrol the wter n hve ll the require equipment on site Equipment generl e f g Drilling rigs n mjor items of equipment, suh s ore rrels n fiel testing equipment, shll hve unique ientifition numers isplye lerly on them. Where pproprite, the equipment supplie y the Contrtor shll e ville for use y the Consultnt or Client s Fiel Stff when require for the urtion of the works. The Contrtor my refuse to llow their equipment to e use if they o not onsier the Fiel Stff to e suitly trine or ple of using the equipment sfely. Before ringing ny rig on-site it shoul e thoroughly lene to remove ny soil from previous sites. This requirement my e wive t the isretion of the Geotehnil Professionl if the Contrtor n emonstrte tht there is n insignifint risk of ross ontmintion of hemil or iologil mteril. The Contrtor shll use only non-minerl se lurints for rilling equipment joints. All sing, ore rrels n rill ros shll e stright n in goo onition, n shll e resonly len efore use (sle, eris, n other loose mterils shll e remove). Only stnr metri lengths of sing n rill ros shll e use. Short lengths of rill ros shll e ville. h i j Short lengths of sing, not greter thn the top-rive stroke length, shll e ville to enle sing to e vne fter eh ore run where neessry. Mnufturers etils, n the speifitions of ll ore rrels n ore its ville for use on the Contrt, shll e supplie to the Site Representtive if requeste. Suffiient spres shll e ville t ll times Methoology generl e f g The methoology shll e in orne with NZS 4411 n ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Geotehnil Professionl shll etermine the imeter n metho for eh Explortory Lotion. Unless stte otherwise, rotry ore rilling shll e use for ll oreholes. The Contrtor shll inform the Consultnt prior to strting work if they elieve tht the imeter n metho(s) of vne of eh rillhole re not pproprite to ensure tht: 1 It n e omplete to the instrute termintion requirements or epth. 2 Smples of the speifie type n imeter n e otine. 3 Speifie in-situ tests n e rrie out. 4 The propose stnpipes, piezometers or inlinometers n e instlle. 5 The mximum mount of ore n smple n e reovere. All epths shll e mesure reltive to the groun level immeitely jent to the Explortory Lotion. Grounwter oservtions re to e me n reore uring rilling y the Contrtor. The wter level in the orehole shll e mesure using lirte ipmeter n reore t the eginning n en of eh y/shift, n when suen hnges in wter level or wter loss/gin re experiene. The Contrtor shll supply ipmeter for the mesurement of grounwter levels for the urtion of the Contrt. The time n te of eh reing shll e reore. The Contrtor shll mke every effort to mintin stle orehole t ll times. This my neessitte hnging the rilling metho n methoology, use PAGE 21

24 6. DRILLING of sing or rilling flui itives n the mintenne of positive rilling flui pressure he within the ore. h The onition of the ore it in use shll e refully monitore n if ny mge ours, suh s reking of teeth, it shll e reple immeitely Methoology flush n wter levels The flushing meium shll normlly e len wter, ir or ir mist. However, with greement of the Site Representtive, non-toxi rilling mus, itives, or ir/foms my e use. Where environmentl smpling is eing unertken, ny itives must e heke to onfirm tht they will not ompromise environmentl smples. The Contrtor shll ensure tht soil roun the ottom of the rillhole is not unuly isture y wter entering or leving the hole, or y stress relief. The removl of wter from the sing y rpi withrwl of ros n/or losely fitting smpling equipment shll e voie to mintin hyrostti he. The wter level insie the sing shll e mintine t level higher thn the nturl grounwter level unless gree otherwise with the Site Representtive. The wter level shll e mesure n reore regulrly y the Contrtor, inluing t the strt of eh y prior to ommening rilling Borehole reinsttement Unless stte otherwise, oreholes shll e kfille on ompletion with ement/ entonite grout s speifie in Setion Reporting The Contrtor shll reor the following items per orehole in the Drillers Log: 1 Rig type n ID. 2 Metho of rilling. 3 Depths rille n lengths of eh rill run. 4 Drilling resistne n rte of penetrtion for eh rill run. 5 Depth to ottom of sing uring ll stges of rilling. 6 Wter levels t strt n en of shift. 7 Drillers strtigrphi oservtions n epths of hnges reore s log. 6.2 Rotry ore rilling Equipment The ore rrels n ll essories n spre prts shll e s supplie or reommene y the mnufturer. Core rrels shll e triple-tue unless speifilly gree otherwise with the Geotehnil Professionl. Eh ore rrel shll e provie with the full rnge of ore it types suitle for the vrious groun onitions ntiipte. Spres for eh it type shll e ville for use without using ny ely to rilling opertions Methoology ore reovery The ore rrel shll e withrwn n the ore remove s often s my e neessry to seure the mximum possile ore reovery. The ore rrel shll e remove from the orehole immeitely if loking of the it or grining of the ore is pprent. Core runs shll e limite to mximum length of 1.5 m in soil or 3 m in rok unless speifilly instrute otherwise y the Site Representtive. If totl ore reovery verge over ny ten metre length is less thn 95% in Hr Strtum or 80% in other mterils, the Contrtor is to immeitely inform the Geotehnil Professionl. The Contrtor n Geotehnil Professionl shll onsier hnges in methoology or equipment to improve reovery. Where the Geotehnil Professionl etermines tht filure to hieve the ove ore reovery is ue to inpproprite rilling methos, n itionl explortory hole my e instrute to e rille t the Contrtor s ost. For some projets, more stringent ore reovery trgets my e require. Where ifferent levels of ore reovery re require these will e speifie in the Projet Speifi Requirements. PAGE 22

25 6. DRILLING Methoology ore extrusion e f Core is to e extrte utilising the mnufturers pprove methoology n not tippe or mnully pushe out. The Contrtor shll tke re to voi inuing frtures or other isturne in the ore n shll mke the Site Representtive wre of ny likely res of rilling inue frtures within the ore reovery immeitely fter it is extrte. The extrusion piston shll e mintine in proper working orer. Ruer O-rings n seling srew in plug shll e mintine in goo onition so tht no wter espes pst the piston uring extrusion of the ores. Suffiient spres shll e ville on site t ll times. The extruer shll pply ontinuous pressure to one en of the ore while the rrel is in horizontl position. Only gentle hmmering with wooen mllet on the sie of the ore rrel to free wege piees is permitte. The Driller shll refully monitor the pressure pplie to voi firing ore from the rrel. The rrel shll e pointe wy from ny sensitive trgets uring extrusion. Where ir or fom is to e use s the flushing meium, wter supply with omplete y-pss system shll lso e ville n use for extrusion of ores. Uner no irumstnes shll ir pressure e use for the extrusion of ores. Cores from triple tue rrels with ontinuous plsti liners shll e refully remove from the ore rrel y hn. Mehnil extrusion of the ore n the ore liner is not llowe. 6.3 Rotry soni ore rilling Methoology Drilling runs re not to exee 1.5 m length in soil or 3.0 m in rok, n the ore rrel shll e withrwn from the hole n ore remove s often s neee to ensure optiml qulity n reovery of ore. In soils whih my e sujet to heve the ore rrel is to e reovere slowly (<3 m/min veloity) unless gree otherwise with the Site Representtive. If wter is utilise s preventtive mesure ginst exessive heve in the hole, the epths n volumes of injete wter must e reore on the Drillers Log. If totl ore reovery verge over ny ten metre length is less thn 95% in Hr Strtum or 80% in other mterils the Contrtor is to immeitely inform the Geotehnil Professionl. The Contrtor n Geotehnil Professionl shll onsier hnges in methoology or equipment to improve reovery. Where the Geotehnil Professionl etermines tht filure to hieve the ove ore reovery is ue to inpproprite rilling methos, n itionl explortory hole my e instrute to e rille t the Contrtor s ost. 6.4 Rotry open hole (wsh rill) Methoology The equipment, metho n rte of rilling shll e suh s to reover soil uttings for logging. The Contrtor shll monitor n reor rilling resistne, rte of penetrtion, olour n volumes of flush meium returns. Where hnges our these shoul immeitely e rought to the ttention of the Site Representtive. The Contrtor shll g smples t 0.5 m intervls. Eh smple shll e: 1 minimum of 100 grms 2 ple into ler plsti g or tu n sele to e effetively ir tight 3 lelle with Explortory Lotion ID, epth, te n time Reporting The Contrtor shll report: 1 The epth (reltive to jent groun level) over whih the open hole rilling hs een unertken. 2 The epth (reltive to jent groun level) of ll hnges in flush returns olour or volume. 3 The mteril reovere for eh smple. 4 Drilling resistne n rte of penetrtion every 0.5 m. PAGE 23

26 6. DRILLING 6.5 Perussion rilling Equipment The equipment (eg top rive, own hole, Conentrix) shll e s speifie y the Geotehnil Professionl Methoology The equipment, metho n rte of rilling shll e suh s to reover soil uttings for logging. The Contrtor shll monitor n reor rilling resistne, rte of penetrtion, olour n volumes of flush meium returns. Where hnges our these shoul immeitely e rought to the ttention of the Site Representtive. The Contrtor shll g smples t 0.5 m intervls. Eh smple shll e: 1 minimum of 100 grms 2 ple into ler plsti g or tu n sele to e effetively ir tight 3 lelle with Explortory Lotion ID, epth, te n time Reporting The Contrtor shll report: 1 the epth (reltive to jent groun level) of ll hnges in flush returns olour or volume 2 the mteril reovere for eh smple 3 rilling resistne n rte of penetrtion every 0.5 m. 6.6 Core orienttion Equipment The Contrtor n Geotehnil Professionl shll gree speifi ore orienttion tool type suitle for the geologil onitions n projet requirements. No evition from the speifie tool shll e epte without prior greement of the Geotehnil Professionl Methoology The lirtion of the tool shll e heke y the rillers n the results reporte to the Site Representtive prior to ommening rilling eh y. The metho of lirtion shll e gree with the Geotehnil Professionl prior to ommening site work. Dily lirtion heks shll tke ple with the tool hel t the ngle of the orehole. The Contrtor shll e suitly experiene in the use of the equipment n tke re to limit ore isturne. The Contrtor shll orientte the ore, mrk either the low sie or mgneti north (s gree with the Geotehnil Professionl), n ple in ore ox with the orienttion mrk fing upwrs. PAGE 24

27 7. TEST PITS AND TRENCHES 7 TEST PITS AND TRENCHES 7.1 Helth n sfety No entry shll e me to test pits or trenhes greter thn 0.5 m eep unless permission is grnte y the Site Representtive. When permission is grnte to enter the exvtion, the iniviul entering the exvtion must hek tht ll of the following pply: 1 No wter is flowing into or stning in the exvtion. 2 There is no visile eviene of instility or presene of mterils onsiere unlikely to remin stle. 3 Either: The exvtion is not more thn 1.2 m eep t the point where the iniviul will e stning or The exvtion is wier thn it is eep. e f 2 Deliver the risk ssessment to the Geotehnil Professionl n the Client n not strt work until the Geotehnil Professionl s written pprovl is otine. 3 As minimum, provie lotion pproprite fening together with ll neessry lighting n signge. Where prtil pits n trenhes shll e overe to reue the risk of flls. Where there is ny nger tht person or item of moile plnt oul fll into the pit or trenh, mesures re to e put in ple to llow sfe egress. Exvte mterils shll e ple t lest 2 m k from the exvtion sie wll, or further if instrute y the Site Representtive. g When working on slope, wherever possile: If ny of the ove riteri pply, no entry shll e me unless there is oumente risk ssessment, n trenh support/stility esign, pprove y the Geotehnil Professionl. Where pits n trenhes re require to e left open n unttene for ny perio the Contrtor shll: 1 Unertke risk ssessment to ientify the pproprite mitigtion mesures for eh site. h 1 The pit shll e orientte up/ownslope. 2 The exvtor shll e lote ownslope of the exvtion. 3 Exvte mterils shll not e ple up slope of the exvtion. The Contrtor shll put in ple mesures to mitigte the risk of working t height for iniviuls working ner or logging the test pits or trenhes. PAGE 25

28 7. TEST PITS AND TRENCHES 7.2 Soil n environmentl 7.4 Bkfilling n reinsttement When test pits or trenhes re unertken ner to n open wterwy or stormwter rin, silt ontrol mesures shll e put in ple to minimise silt run-off. 7.3 Methoology e f g Topsoil, plnts n other surfe mterils shll e exvte refully n store seprtely to llow reinsttement. The Contrtor shll keep pits n trenhes free of surfe wter run-off. Unless otherwise instrute y the Site Representtive, ll exvte mteril shll e ple on trpulin or similr mteril to minimise mge to the surrouning groun n mintin seprtion of mterils. Pits n trenhes shll e exvte to the speifie epth to enle visul exmintion of the groun. Unless otherwise instrute y the Site Representtive, pits n trenhes shll: 1 Hve minimum se re of 1.5 m 2 n minimum with 0.9 m. 2 Be exvte using toothless uket. A rok uket my only e use where toothless uket is unle to exvte the mteril. 3 Be exvte slowly in lyers pproximtely 100 mm thik. Exvtion shll stop if ny urie servies re oserve in the exvtion. Exvtion shll stop if the se of the exvtion is osure (eg y fst wter inflow) to the extent tht ny potentil urie servies oul not e oserve unless risk ssessment hs emonstrte tht the likelihoo of urie servies is negligile. e Bkfilling of test pits n trenhes shll e omplete s soon s prtile with mteril exvte from the pit. Mteril shll e reple t pproximtely the epth it ws exvte. The kfill shll e ompte using exvtion plnt (unless otherwise speifie). Unless otherwise instrute y the Site Representtive, ll test pit lotions shll e reinstte to onition tht is s goo s resonly prtile. The Contrtor shll mke resonle efforts to reinstte the test pit to the onition efore works ommene. For test pits lote in grsse res, the exvte mteril shll e reple into the exvtion. It is expete tht this will leve hummok whih will settle over time. The originl topsoil shll e reple lst s top surfe, gently ompte, n where requeste y the Client, seee with pproprite plnts to mth the lol environment n protete with strw, oir mtting or similr to reue run-off n seimenttion. All test pits lote within pve or trffike res shll e kfille on ompletion s etile elow: 1 Bkfill from the se of the test pit to 1.2 m elow groun shll e ple in thin lyers (no more thn 100 mm thik) n ompte with pressure from the exvtor uket or remotely operte omptor. The mteril n metho to e use is to e gree with the Client efore works ommene. 2 GAP40 from top of the kfill to the unersie of the originl pvement surfe thikness, n ompte to the pproprite stnr with plte omptor or similr, s pprove y the Geotehnil Professionl. 3 Pvement mterils shll e reinstte to mth the existing. 4 If, fter one month, there is visile settlement, then the Contrtor shll reinstte the test pit t their own ost, unless they n emonstrte through site reors tht they orretly followe the Geotehnil Professionl s kfilling requirements. Where the originl surfe is neither grss nor pve/trffike re, the reinsttement shll e finishe to the originl onition. PAGE 26

29 8. CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING 8 CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING 8.1 Referenes Geotehnil smpling: 1 ASTM D Prtie for preserving n trnsporting smples. 2 ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Thin-Wlle Tue Smpling of Soils for Geotehnil Purposes. 3 ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Thik Wll, Ring-Line, Split Brrel, Drive Smpling of Soils. 4 NZS Methos of testing soils for ivil engineering purposes. Test 6.5.1, Stnr Penetrtion Test. 5 ASTM D Stnr Test Metho for Stnr Penetrtion Test (SPT) n Split-Brrel Smpling of Soils. 6 BS EN.ISO :2006. Geotehnil investigtion n testing. Smpling methos n grounwter mesurements. Tehnil priniples for exeution. Geoenvironmentl smpling: 1 ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Stnr Prtie for Ative Soil Gs Smpling for Diret Push or Mnul-Driven Hn-Smpling Equipment. 2 ASTM D6282/D6282M-14. Stnr Guie for Diret Push Soil Smpling for Environmentl Site Chrteriztions. 3 ASTM D6169/D6169M-13. Stnr Guie for Seletion of Soil n Rok Smpling Devies Use With Drill Rigs for Environmentl Investigtions. 4 ASTM D Stnr Guie for Soil Smpling from the Vose Zone. 5 ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Using the Disposle En Core Smpler for Smpling n Storing Soil for Voltile Orgni Anlysis. 6 ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Pssive Soil Gs Smpling in the Vose Zone for Soure Ientifition, Sptil Vriility Assessment, Monitoring, n Vpor Intrusion Evlutions. 7 ASTM D Stnr Guie for Smpling Wste n Soils for Voltile Orgni Compouns. 8 NZS :1986. Methos of testing soils for ivil engineering purposes Soil hemil tests Test 3.2 Determintion of the totl sulphte ontent. 9 AS/NZS :1998. Wter qulity Smpling. Prt 11: Guine on smpling of grounwters. 10 AS/NZS :1999. Wter qulity Smpling Prt 12: Guine on smpling of ottom seiments. 11 BS IS :2013. Soil qulity Sreening soils for selete elements y energy-ispersive X-ry fluoresene spetrometry using hnhel or portle instrument. 8.2 Helth n sfety Where, s result of ore size or ensity, the totl weight of the ore ox is likely to exee 25 kg the Contrtor shll either: 1 Insert polystyrene loks in one or more of the ore run slots to reue the overll mss of the ox to elow 25 kg. Suh loks shoul e lerly lelle sper to istinguish from ore loss. 2 Atth hevy lo lel to the outsie of the ox (on the top n on the lelle ege). PAGE 27

30 8. CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING 8.3 Equipment The Contrtor shll provie ll neessry smpling n storge equipment inluing: 1 Tues. 2 Smple ontiners. 3 Plsti wrp to minimise moisture loss n reue mge. 4 Plsti hesive tpe. 5 Permnent mrkers. 6 PVC hlf-rouns for storge of selete rok smples for lortory testing. 7 Bins for isposl of unwnte smple mteril. 8 Other tools s require to mrk smples n ore oxes in the fiel n to store n wrp the ore n smples. All equipment, tues n ontiners shll e suitle for long term storge of smples without suffering orrosion n shll e roust enough to withstn the smpling proess, outoor use, trnsporttion n storge for t lest five yers. Core oxes shll e of soun onstrution, le to withstn the weight of the ores n stking of the oxes, n shll e wtertight to protet the ores from rin on site n in trnsit. The Site Representtive shll hve uthority to rejet ny smpling equipment. e 3 PNxx (Piston rive thin wll smpler, re rtio <10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) 4 PKxx (Piston rive thik wll smpler, re rtio >10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) 5 SPTLS (Stnr Penetrtion Test Liner Smple Split spoon smpler use in SPT testing) 6 SPTUS (Stnr Penetrtion Test Unline Smple Split spoon smpler use in SPT testing) 7 TNxx (Other tue smple, thin wll, eg winow smpler or CPT smpler, re rtio <10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) 8 TKxx (Other tue smple, thik wll, eg winow smpler or CPT smpler, re rtio >10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) 9 C (Rotry rille ore) 10 D (Generl smll isture smple eg from uger rilling, mss <1 kg) 11 B (Bulk isture smple, mss >1 kg) 12 BL (Lrge ulk smple, mss >20 kg) 13 BLK (Blok smple) 14 W (Wter smple) 15 ES (Soil smple for environmentl testing) 16 EW (Wter smple for environmentl testing) 17 G (Gs smple). Where more thn one smple is tken t ny one epth using the sme metho, the smples shll e istinguishe with suffix lower se letter (eg BH UN54-). 8.4 Methoology Numering n lelling of soil n rok smples The Contrtor shll numer n lel ll smples on site. Eh smple numer shll e unique. The smple numer shll omprise the Explortory Lotion ID, the smple top epth, the smple ottom epth, n the smple type (eg BH UN54). The smple types shll e selete from the following list: 1 UNxx (Open rive thin wll smpler, re rtio <10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) 2 UKxx (Open rive thik wll smpler, re rtio >10%, xx represents internl imeter in mm) Numering n lelling of ore n ore oxes The Contrtor shll numer n lel ll ore oxes on site. Eh ox shll e numere on top n t lest one sie with: 1 Client s projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Top epth elow groun level. 5 Bottom epth elow groun level. 6 Box numer. 7 Dte of oring. As ore is extrue the Contrtor shll rrnge it in ore oxes in sequene, strting with the shllowest ore t the top left of the ox, n then working left to right. Slts/iviers shll e positione PAGE 28

31 8. CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING e f n seure suh tht the ore is restrine from movement. The Contrtor shll tke re to voi inuing frtures or other isturne in the ore. The Contrtor shll seurely pk frture rok. At no time shll the ore e loose in the ox. The Contrtor shll mrk key epths y inserting into the ore oxes woo, plsti or polystyrene loks tht fit etween the iviing slts. These shll e mrke y the Contrtor with permnent mrker pen in writing tht shoul e lrge n ler enough to e esily re in 15 m wie ore photogrph. The following fetures shll e mrke in this mnner: 1 The strt n en of eh ox (lelle with epth elow groun level). 2 The top of eh rill run (lelle with epth elow groun level). 3 The top of eh SPT (lelle with the epth elow groun level n the SPT results). 4 Core loss (lelle ore loss, with the top n ottom epths written on). The Consultnt shll photogrph the ore oxes one full (see logging for itionl requirements). One the Consultnt hs tken ore ox photogrphs, the Contrtor shll wrp the ore to minimise moisture loss n mge. The Contrtor shll tke re to voi inuing frtures or other isturne in the ore. The methoology shll e selete y the Geotehnil Professionl. The Contrtor shll llow for ny of the following options: 1 Metho 1: Where the ore ox inlues removle iviers the wrp shll e ler plsti tue whih shll e refully sli over the iviers ontining the ore, n sele t eh en with tpe or similr. 2 Metho 2: The ore ox my e wrppe in ling film with no gps to form n ir tight sel roun the outsie of the ox. 3 Metho 3: The iniviul piees of ore my e wrppe with flt plsti sheeting within the ox. The methoology selete shoul tke into ount the importne of minimising ore mge n moisture ontent hnges for the projet. In generl Methos 1 or 2 re preferre s they re less likely to use mge to the ore Tue smples The Contrtor shll tke smples t the epths instrute y the Site Representtive. Tue smples shll e sele with molten wx poure into oth ens of the ontiner immeitely fter the tue is extrue from the smpler rrel to prevent rying. The wx shll e hete y the minimum mount require to mke it pourle to minimise het isturne to the smple. Tues shoul e lerly mrke showing top of the smple n the smple numer Smpling for geoenvironmentl testing Smples shll e ollete in orne with Ministry for the Environment Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 5. Composite smples shll only e epte where gree in vne with the CL-SQEP n where the following ontrols re pplie in ition to those speifie in the most reent version of Contminte Ln Mngement Guieline No. 5: 1 Susmples for eh omposite smple re ollete from the sme trget epth. 2 Composite smpling shoul not e pplie ross site tht hs multi ontminnt soures. The use of omposite smpling is helpful wy of minimising osts in site investigtion ut shoul e use with ution. PAGE 29

32 8. CORE HANDLING AND SAMPLING FOR TESTING Qulity ssurne for geoenvironmentl testing Qulity ssurne ury n preision smpling shll e efine y the CL-SQEP. 1 Qulity sssurne smpling will vry epening on the investigtion t qulity ojetives. Exmples of suh testing inlue fiel uplite smples (typilly 1 smple in 10). Equipment lnks, trip lnks n fiel lnks re ommonly neee t frequeny of 1 per y Trnsporttion, storge n elivery of smples n ore The Contrtor shll e responsile for the sfe ustoy of ll smples n ores in its possession. Tue smples shll e store (n where possile trnsporte) upright, in the orienttion they were reovere from the groun. At the en of eh y the Contrtor shll move ore oxes n smples from the Explortory Lotion to storge re gree in vne with the Site Representtive, in whih the smples will e seure, uner over, n protete from sun n rin. Where the Contrtor is proviing ore storge fility with shelving, it shll omply with the following requirements: 1 The shelves shll e losely spe so tht no more thn 5 ore oxes n e stke on eh shelf. 2 No shelves shll e instlle ove 1.5 m ove floor level unless mehnism is put in ple to retrieve ore oxes without mnul hnling. e f All smples will e trnsporte to the lortory with hin of ustoy reor. This reor will inlue the following informtion: 1 Client s projet numer. 2 Projet Nme. 3 Smple numer. 4 Dte n time of olletion. 5 Anlysis requeste. 6 Signtures oumenting hin of ustoy. Smples will e pke with suffiient pking mteril so tht they o not get mge uring trnsporttion Trnsporttion, storge n elivery of geoenvironmentl smples All smples will e trnsporte to the Lortory with hin of ustoy reor. This reor will inlue the following informtion: 1 Client s projet numer. 2 Projet Nme. 3 Nme of fiel stff olleting smples. 4 Smple numer. 5 Dte n time of olletion. 6 Numer n type of ontiners. 7 Anlysis requeste. 8 Detetion limits require. 9 Fiel mesurements of smple. 10 Preservtives (if ny). 11 Signtures oumenting hin of ustoy. Smples will e pke into hilly in with suffiient pking mteril so tht they o not get mge uring trnsporttion. Smples shoul e pke into ie to ensure tht they re trnsporte in hille onitions (<4 C) n where possile shoul e ouriere to ensure they rrive t the lortory on the sme y they re sent. PAGE 30

33 9. DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING 9 DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING The tle elow gives generl guine on the seletion of pproprite tehniques for wireline geophysis. It is lwys reommene tht speifi speilist guine e sought when ssessing whih tools to use. TOOL SELECTION GEOTECHNICAL OUTPUT ORIENTED STRUCTURES LITHOLOGY DENSITY UCS (EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP) ELASTIC MODULI CONCRETE INTEGRITY CEMENT BOND LOGGING CASING/SCREEN INTEGRITY POROSITY VERTICAL FLOW RATES WATER QUALITY Aousti Televiewer (ATV) Y * Y Y Optil Televiewer (OTV) Y * Y * Full Wveform Soni (FWS) * * * Y * Density Y Y * * Resistivity Y Y Nturl Gmm Y Clliper * * * Flowmeter Y Spontneous Potentil Y Temperture * * Neutron Y Y Well Vieo Cmer Y Wireline wter qulity sensors # All geophysil results require lirtion. Y Approprite * Geotehnil prmeters re inferre n nee lortory testing to lirte. # Sensor s seletion n mesurement rnge my require speifi esign for ntiipte onitions. PAGE 31

34 9. DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING 9.1 Generl onsiertions for ll ownhole geophysis The Consultnt shoul onsier whether the tehniques propose re pproprite for the esire outome speifilly in terms of metho, mesure prmeters (inluing rnge) n resolution. During the plnning of the groun investigtion the Consultnt shoul onsier the requirements for geophysil tehniques. Consiertion shoul e given to: Drillhole size (minimum internl imeter to fit selete tools). Drillhole plunge ngle. Reommene shllowest ngle for ownhole testing is -60. Shllower ngles thn this my require use of push ros whih my hve ssoite time n omplexity osts. Type of rilling mu system, n ility to flush holes len on ompletion of rilling. Note tht entonite my require hemil methos (ispersnts n floulnts) to rek own mu ke n ensure len orehole wlls. Effet of hemil methos on geotehnil testing. Csing pln for oreholes temporry n permnent. The level of plnning require will e epenent on the importne of geophysil t. Reovery pln for lost tools. It is illegl to leve tools with riotive soures in the groun. It is pruent for the Consultnt to llow for: Provision n instlltion time for temporry sing to ensure unexpete groun onitions o not prelue ownhole geophysil testing methos. Provision of flushing time on ompletion of orehole rilling to len the hole prior to geophysis. Provision of ownhole survey to etermine risk to geophysil equipment (my e neee epening on ownhole methos to e omplete n onition of hole uring rilling) Referenes ASTM D Stnr Guie for Plnning n Conuting Borehole Geophysil Logging Helth n sfety onsiertions Some tools use riotive soures for whih speil sfety requirements pply. Other risks inlue winhes uner lo n portle power systems Roles n responsiilities The liility for lost tools shll e isusse n gree uring the prourement proess n oumente in the Contrt Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Contrtor responsile for rilling the orehole shll ensure tht rill holes: 1 Are flushe s len s prtile prior to running wireline tools. 2 Hve unstle groun, sing epths n grounwter onitions reore n reporte to the geophysil ontrtor to ssist in ssessing the risk of tool loss. A setion of orehole shoul e logge uring the ourse of the investigtion more thn one (uplite setion) to emonstrte repetility. It is reommene tht Optil Televiewers shoul e run together with lliper tool to orret for vritions in hole imeter. The Geophysis Contrtor shll ensure tht ll tool runs re epth lirte n mthe to ommon tum s use on the orehole logs Equipment The Contrtor shll ensure tht ll tools use hve urrent lirtion ertifite unertken oring to mnufturer's speifitions. PAGE 32

35 9. DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING Reporting As minimum, the Geophysis Contrtor shll report: 1 Unique tool ientifier (seril numer) for eh tool run. 2 Tool type, mke n moel. 3 Depth n time of ll tool runs. 4 Referene tum for epth mesurements. 5 Explortory Lotion ID. 9.2 Struturl orienttion Dt is reore tht llows etermintion of struturl geologil informtion. Commonly use to mesure zimuth n ip/plunge of geologil n geotehnil fetures (eing, lithologil ontts, rok fri, fults, fols, joints, shers, et.). Wireline tools use my inlue Aousti Televiewer, Optil Televiewer, Miroresistivity Dipmeter n Clliper Methoology The Consultnt shll provie ler iretion for efinition of geotehnil efets ( efet lirry). For most projets in New Zeln the efet lirry n e tken iretly from the NZGS Guieline for the Desription of Soil n Rok. It is enefiil for the Consultnt to provie ore photogrphs n geotehnil logs to ssist with ssigning efet types. Geophysil tools nnot see into efet, so type nnot e ssigne with the sme level of onfiene one woul with physil ore Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 Continuous logs showing the oriente t. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (nominlly CWLS.ls formt). 3 Tulr efet t tht my e utilise in spresheet or tse y the lient (in AGS4 NZ, CSV or Exel formt). The Geophysis Contrtors report shoul inlue etils of lirtion for the ownhole tools n epth enoers use on the projet plus the following minimum informtion: 1 Aquisition tes n methoology shoul e inlue, with referene to ny unexpete or verse orehole onitions. 2 Proessing methoology, inluing ny equtions use to generte itionl logs. 3 Referene tum for zimuthl mesurements (mgneti vs true north). 4 Reporte tum n projetion for oorinte n elevtion t. 9.3 Engineering prmeters Some engineering prmeters my e erive from ollete geophysil t (in onjuntion with other t soures), inluing RQD, frture frequeny, elsti mouli, seismi veloities (Vp, Vs). Wireline tools use my inlue Aousti Televiewer, Optil Televiewer, Full Wveform Soni, Clliper, P n S Wve suspension logger, Nturl gmm n ulk ensity (with riotive soure). RQD n frture frequeny n e erive from strutures ientifie in struturl ssessment. Elsti mouli re ssesse through orreltion with mesure Vp, mesure or erive Vs n ensity (mesure y geophysis, l testing or ssume). PAGE 33

36 9. DOWNHOLE WIRELINE GEOPHYSICAL TESTING Methoology The Consultnt n Geophysis Contrtor shll etermine n gree: 1 The require outputs uring plnning of the rill progrmme (s hole onitions my ffet mesure t). 2 Any l testing requirements for geophysil-engineering orreltions Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Metho use to erive engineering prmeters, inluing equtions use. 2 Any ssumptions me in lulting engineering prmeters. 3 Any limittions to the t presente or methos use to erive the orreltions. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 Continuous logs showing the t. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (nominlly CWLS.ls formt). 3 Tulr efet t tht my e utilise in spresheet or tse y the Client (in AGS4 NZ, CSV or Exel formt). 9.4 Geologil ssessment Typilly, ifferent geologil lithologies isply ifferent geophysil properties tht my llow them to e ientifie n their ounries elinete. Common mesurements in New Zeln inlue nturl gmm, in-situ ulk ensity, eletril resistivity, lliper, soni veloity, neutron porosity n mgneti suseptiility Reporting The Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Tool seril numers. 2 Clirtion te n metho. 3 Referene ensities where require (porosity). The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 Continuous logs showing the t. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (nominlly CWLS.ls formt). 3 A pitoril setion or other interprettion s efine y the Geotehnil Professionl. 9.5 Grounwter Determintion of stning grounwter level in rillholes is generlly unertken from istint (ensity, nturl gmm) or solute (ATV, FWS) hnge in geophysil mesurements. Detile ssessment of grounwter using geophysis is reltively unuse in New Zeln mrkets, however, ommon tools ville for use inlue nturl gmm, in-situ ulk ensity, resistivity, lliper, full-wveform soni, neutron porosity, flow meters (spinner or het pulse), temperture, flui onutivity n wter qulity (ph, DO) Methoology The Client shll etermine the responsiility for onsents n herene to ylws regring quifer penetrtion when seleting ontrtors (ie rilling, geophysil n ny others) Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Chemil seline lirtion results for ny require tools. 2 Mtrix or kgroun ssumptions for porosity mesurements. PAGE 34

37 10. DOWNHOLE AND CROSSHOLE SEISMIC TESTING 10 DOWNHOLE AND CROSSHOLE SEISMIC TESTING 10.1 Downhole seismi Referenes ASTM D Stnr Test Methos for Downhole Seismi Testing Helth n sfety The soure use to generte seismi wves my vry from slege hmmer or weight rop to explosives. A site-speifi sfe system of work shll e provie y the Geophysis Contrtor for review y the Geotehnil Professionl. Any use (or storge) of explosives on site will use the work to e notifile. See the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, Setion 2 (Interprettion) For informtion out noise levels see the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, luse Methoology Downhole seismi testing is performe either own se orehole or y utilising iret push equipment in ssoition with CPT or DMT testing (SCPT/SDMT). The Consultnt shoul vise the geophysil ontrtor of their unerstning of the site geology so tht pproprite testing resolution my e otine through thin lyers or lyers of interest. The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. In the se of ownhole test in se orehole, the Consultnt shll ensure tht oreholes re speifie s per the relevnt stnrs n tht: 1 Three PVC sing is use with no ell joints. 2 The grout instlltion is unertken with ue re to hieve ontinuous soli ontt etween sing n orehole wll. The Geophysis Contrtor shll ensure tht s minimum: 1 The energy soure is suffiient to hieve equte P-wves n/or S-wves epening on the nees of the survey. 2 Dt qulity is qulittively ssesse in the fiel for eh strike. 3 Oppositely polrise sher wve shots re ppropritely polrise. 4 An pproprite numer of stks re unertken to improve signl to noise rtio. 5 The ownhole seismi reeivers re suffiiently lmpe to the rillhole wll when reoring sher wve strikes. 6 The soure is n pproprite istne from the rill hole; or iret push souning. 7 The vertil smple sping is pproprite for the resolution efine y the Client. 8 All pproprite physil mesurements re me to enle the rypth istne to e lulte uring proessing. This shoul inlue ut not e limite to rillhole-soure offset, mesurement epth n epth referene point Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Explortory Lotion ID. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tum. 4 P-wve n/or S-wve veloities ownhole. 5 Approprite error rnges. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 Continuous logs showing the t. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (nominlly CWLS.ls formt). 3 Tulr t tht my e utilise in spresheet or tse y the Client (in AGS4 NZ, CSV or Exel formt). PAGE 35

38 10. DOWNHOLE AND CROSSHOLE SEISMIC TESTING 10.2 Crosshole seismi Referenes ASTM D4428/D4428M-14. Stnr Test Methos for Crosshole Seismi Testing Helth n sfety The soure use my require reltively high urrents to initite the signl. The hzrs ssoite with this urrent shoul e resse y the Geophysis Contrtor in their site-speifi risk ssessment Roles n responsiilities The Consultnt shll: 1 Avise the geophysil ontrtor of their unerstning of the site geology so tht pproprite testing resolution my e otine through thin lyers or lyers of interest. 2 Define the require resolution for the survey, noting tht the resolution is efine primrily y the rillhole sping n the seismi soure. 3 Provie the Contrtor with ll logge geologil t from the rillhole prior to t proessing. The Geophysis Contrtor shll onfirm the pproprite rillhole sping n soure with referene to the resolution efine y the Consultnt Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D4428/D4428M-14, exept s moifie in this speifition. The Consultnt shll ensure tht oreholes re speifie s per the relevnt stnr n tht: 1 Three PVC sing is use with no ell joints. 2 The grout instlltion is unertken with ue re to hieve ontinuous soli ontt etween sing n orehole wll. The Geophysis Contrtor shll ensure tht s minimum: 1 Dt qulity is qulittively ssesse in the fiel for eh shot. 2 Oppositely polrise sher wve shots re ppropritely polrise. 3 An pproprite numer of stks re unertken to improve signl to noise rtio. 4 The ownhole seismi geophones/elerometers re suffiiently lmpe to the rillhole wll for sher wve shots. 5 The shot lotion(s) is/re n pproprite istne from the rill hole. 6 The vertil smple sping is pproprite for the resolution efine y the Client. 7 All pproprite physil mesurements re me to enle the rypth istne to e lulte uring proessing. This shoul inlue ut not e limite to rillhole-soure offset, mesurement epth n epth referene point Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Explortory Lotion ID. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tums. 4 P-wve n S-wve veloities ownhole. 5 Approprite error rnges. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 Continuous logs showing the t. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (nominlly CWLS.ls formt). 3 Tulr efet t tht my e utilise in spresheet or tse y the Client (in AGS4 NZ, CSV or Exel formt). PAGE 36

39 10. DOWNHOLE AND CROSSHOLE SEISMIC TESTING 10.3 Diretionl survey 10.4 Other methos Tools my inlue (ut re not limite to): single/multishot tools (in onjuntion with rilling ompny) mgneti survey tools (evition tool, ATV/OTV) gyrosopi survey tool (spinning pltter, MEMS, north seeking). Due to the site-speifi nture of tehniques suh s orehole mgnetometry or rosshole resistivity, it is reommene tht speilist ontrtor e onsulte prior to efining the sope of the investigtion Methoology The Client shll vise the Geophysis Contrtor of expete hole onitions when plnning orehole survey. Key points to ress inlue: 1 Bsi guine of the ntiipte orienttion n epth of orehole. 2 Csing type (eg se or unse, through ros). 3 Antiipte mgneti interferene from mgneti lithology or other soures. The Geophysis Contrtor shll use n pproprite tool se on the survey onitions Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report: 1 Explortory Lotion ID. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tums. 4 Diretion tum (mgneti/true north n inlintion/elintion). 5 Survey t. PAGE 37

40 11. SURFACE GEOPHYSICS 11 SURFACE GEOPHYSICS The tle elow gives generl guine on the seletion of pproprite tehniques. It is lwys reommene tht speifi speilist guine e sought when ssessing whih tools to use. GEOTECHNICAL OUTPUT TOOL SELECTION VS30 SITE SUBSOIL CLASS / GROUND RESPONSE ANALYSIS RIPPABILITY AND DIGGABILITY DEPTH TO HARD BEARING LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT ELASTIC MODULI UCS (EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP) PILE DEPTH ASSESSMENT VOID IDENTIFICATION GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL GROUNDING ASSESSMENT MASW Y Y Y * * Y SASW Y Y * * Y ReMi Y Y Y Y Y * Y MAM Refrtion Y Y Y Y * Y Y GPR Y Y Y ERT Y Y Y Y Y VES Y Y Y * * Y All geophysil results require lirtion. All surfe geophysil tehniques require site-speifi esign of the survey. Site onitions my prelue use of some tehniques. Y Approprite * Geotehnil prmeters re inferre n nee lortory testing to lirte. Before prouring geophysil tehnique it is reommene to review with speilist ontrtor tht the metho: Provies the require rnge of ury. Provies the require epth of investigtion. PAGE 38

41 11. SURFACE GEOPHYSICS 11.1 Generl Referenes ASTM D Stnr Guie for Seleting Surfe Geophysil Methos Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Consultnt shll provie ll relevnt ville intrusive informtion. Proviing geotehnil t to the Contrtor llows surfe wve groun moelling to e refine uring proessing n quisition metho to e refine Surfe wve methos Helth n sfety The risks ssoite with high energy seismi soures (inluing slege hmmer or weight rops, explosives n noise) shll e resse y the Geophysis Contrtor in their site-speifi risk ssessment. Any use (or storge) of explosives on site will use the work to e notifile. See the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, Setion 2 (Interprettion) For informtion out noise levels see the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, luse 11. The Geophysis Contrtor shll enevour to isolte the puli from seismi lines Methoology Seismi noise shll e onsiere n mnge y the Geophysis Contrtor prior to n uring quisition. Positionl ontrol metho for soure n rry lotion shll e gree upon etween the Geotehnil Professionl n the Geophysis Contrtor prior to quisition of t. Aury shoul e pproprite to the requirements of the survey. Seismi oserver s notes shoul e tken uring quisition n inlue file numer, shot lotion, spre lotion n qulittive oservtions regring signl to noise rtios Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Lotion of survey. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tums. 4 Orienttion of survey line from first to lst geophone. 5 Lotion of the en points of eh line. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 A pln of seismi spre lotions. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (eg SEG-2 or SEG-Y formt). 3 Plots of sher wve veloities. This my e presente in 1, 2 or 3 imensions epening on the survey methoology. 4 Interprettion of sher wve veloity plots. 5 Commentry on t qulity n proessing metho. 6 Commentry on omprison etween geophysil sher wve veloity moel n groun moel Soil n environmentl Surfe wve methos my nee to e unertken t night when interferene from humn-inue virtions is t minimum. Aitionl mesures to mnge the noise for sensitive neighours my e require. PAGE 39

42 11. SURFACE GEOPHYSICS 11.3 Refrtion/refletion Referenes ASTM D Guie for Using the Seismi Refrtion Metho for Susurfe Investigtion Helth n sfety The risks ssoite with high energy seismi soures (inluing weight rops, explosives n noise) shll e resse y the Geophysis Contrtor in their site-speifi risk ssessment. Any use (or storge) of explosives on site will use the work to e notifile. See the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, Setion 2 (Interprettion). For informtion out noise levels see the Helth n Sfety in Employment Regultions 1995, luse 11. The Geophysis Contrtor shll enevour to isolte the puli from seismi lines Soil n environmentl Seismi methos my nee to e unertken t night when interferene from humn-inue virtions is t minimum. Aitionl mesures to mnge the noise for sensitive neighours my e require Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Geophysis Contrtor shll mke llowne for kgroun noise. Seismi noise shll e onsiere n mnge y the Geophysis Contrtor prior to n uring quisition. Positionl ontrol metho for soure n rry lotion shll e efine prior to quisition of t. Aury shoul e pproprite to the requirements of the survey. Reltive elevtion t for soure n spre lotions must e reore. Seismi oserver s notes shoul e tken uring quisition n inlue file numer, shot lotion, spre lotion n qulittive oservtions regring signl to noise rtios Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Lotion of survey. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tums. 4 Orienttion of survey line from first to lst geophone. 5 Lotion of the en points of eh line. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 A pln of seismi spre lotions. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (eg SEG-2 or SEG-Y formt). 3 Plots of sher wve veloities. This my e presente in 1, 2 or 3 imensions epening on the survey methoology. 4 Interprettion of sher wve veloity plots. 5 Commentry on t qulity n proessing metho. 6 Commentry on omprison etween geophysil sher wve veloity moel n groun moel Groun penetrting rr (GPR) Referenes The Generl User Rio Liene for Ultr Wie Bn Devies n their speil onitions (Rioommunitions Regultions (Generl User Rio Liene for Ultr Wie Bn Devies) Notie, 19 Mrh 2015). EuroGPR goo prtie guielines Helth n sfety GPR trnsuers shoul lwys e pointe into the mei eing teste uring opertion. PAGE 40

43 11. SURFACE GEOPHYSICS Methoology e f g h i j k Enoer wheels must e lirte on site, oring to the mnufturer's speifitions. GPR trnsuers shll e lirte y the Geophysis Contrtor oring to the mnufturer's speifitions. GPR surveys re often unertken y reoring gri ross the site. The gri shll e positionlly ontrolle using survey tehniques pproprite to the require ury. Mnully triggere istne mrkers shll e ple in the t strem to llow ruer ning of t uring post proessing. More thn 1% of survey lines shll e repete on site to provie eviene of repetility. Approprite time winow n gin urve settings shll e efine y the Geophysis Contrtor for the groun onitions experiene on site. The GPR strt pulse must e ientifie uring initil setup n reore in the GPR t strem. FExept where n ir lunhe trnsuer is eing use GPR trnsuers shll mintin goo groun oupling throughout the survey. GPR signls shll e smple t suffiiently high frequeny to voi lising. Approprite smple frequeny is relte to the entre frequeny of the trnsuer(s) use uring the survey. Approprite trnsuer(s) shll e selete y the Geophysis Contrtor se on the require epth n resolution of the survey. Dt shll e proesse to improve interprettion. This my inlue strt-time orretion, e-lipping, ynmi orretion n system noise removl Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Lotion of survey. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tum. 4 Antenn entre frequeny. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 A pln of GPR survey line lotions. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (eg SEG-2 or SEG-Y formt). 3 Plots of sher wve veloities. This my e presente in 1, 2 or 3 imensions epening on the survey methoology. 4 Interprettion of GPR setions n timeslies. 5 Commentry on t qulity n proessing metho, inluing ssume signl veloities for time-epth onversions n the sis for these ssumptions. 6 Commentry on omprison etween geophysil sher wve veloity moel n groun moel Eletril Resistivity Tomogrphy (ERT)/Vertil Eletril Sounings (VES) Referenes ASTM D Stnr Guie for Using the Diret Current Resistivity Metho for Susurfe Investigtion Helth n sfety ERT n VES equipment n generte lrge urrents t eletroe ontts. The helth n sfety implitions of this must e mnge n plnne for prior to moilistion. ERT profiles n les n e very long n represent signifint trip hzrs. PAGE 41

44 11. SURFACE GEOPHYSICS Methoology e f g h The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Geophysis Contrtor shoul unertke forwr moelling to ssess the suitility of the tehnique prior to moilistion. The Consultnt shoul provie the Geophysis Contrtor with t to uil n pproprite forwr moel. ERT/VES rrys shll e of pproprite length to provie suffiient epth of penetrtion. Depth of penetrtion require shll e efine y the Geotehnil Professionl n rry length efine y the Geophysis Contrtor. Resolution of the survey is in prt relte to eletroe sping. Approprite eletroe spings shll e selete y the Geophysis Contrtor to provie pproprite resolution. This shoul e informe y the forwr moelling. An pproprite rry must e selete y the Geophysis Contrtor epenent on the ims of the survey n the informtion provie y the forwr moelling. The Geophysis Contrtor must provie n pproprite mens of proviing positionl ontrol n efine its ssume ury prior to moilistion. The Geophysis Contrtor shll ssess t qulity on site. Five perent of t quisition shll e repete s prt of qulity ontrol proeures Reporting The Geophysis Contrtor shll report s minimum: 1 Lotion of survey. 2 Dte n time of survey. 3 Coorinte system n epth tum. 4 Orienttion of survey line from first to lst geophone. 5 Lotion of the en points of eh line. The Geophysis Contrtor shll provie: 1 A pln of ERT/VES spre lotions. 2 Dt in n gree inustry stnr formt (eg SEG-2 or SEG-Y formt). 3 Plots of sher inverte resistivities. 4 Interprettion of inverte resistivities setions. 5 Commentry on t qulity n proessing metho. 6 Commentry on omprison etween geophysil moel n groun moel Other methos Due to the site-speifi nture of tehniques suh s eletromgneti, mgnetometry, mirogrvity n riometris, it is reommene tht speilist ontrtor e onsulte prior to efining the sope of the investigtion. PAGE 42

45 12. IN-SITU TESTING 12 IN-SITU TESTING 12.1 Stnr penetrtion testing (SPT) Referenes ASTM D Stnr Test Metho for Stnr Penetrtion Test (SPT) n Split-Brrel Smpling of Soils. ASTM D Stnr Test Metho for Energy Mesurement for Dynmi Penetrometers. NZS Methos of testing soils for ivil engineering purposes Helth n sfety Sfety hmmers must e use where possile. These must e lose off from ess in orne with AS/NZS 4024 t ll times Equipment All SPT equipment must hve vli lirtion ertifite, issue within the lst 12 months, efining the energy trnsfer hieve. A opy of the SPT lirtion ertifite must e provie to the Geotehnil Professionl efore work ommenes n shll lso e hel on site Methoology The methoology shll e s per ASTM D unless otherwise speifie y the Geotehnil Professionl. The use of the ASTM stnr is propose in fvour of the New Zeln equivlent in orne with the reommentions of the MBIE/NZGS Erthquke Geotehnil Engineering Moule 2. There my e projet speifi resons to use the New Zeln stnr. PAGE 43

46 12. IN-SITU TESTING Reporting The Contrtor shll reor the following items for eh stnr penetrtion test in the Drillers Log: 1 SPT results. 2 Bse heve t the strt of eh SPT. 3 Wter level t the strt of eh SPT. 4 Reson for termintion. Where se heve is reurring issue the Geotehnil Professionl shoul e ontte to onsier pttions to the test Cone penetrtion testing (CPT) Coes of prtie Referene stnrs n oes of prtie: 1 ASTM D Stnr Test Metho for Eletroni Frition Cone n Piezoone Penetrtion Testing of Soils. 2 ISO Prt 1: Eletril one n piezoone penetrtion test Equipment The Contrtor shll supply thrust mhine of suitle push pity to hieve the require CPT epths in the expete groun onitions. The Contrtor shll vise the Geotehnil Professionl of the etils of the rig to e use prior to works ommening. e The CPT penetrometer shll e n eletri piezoone (CPTu) with the pore pressure filter t the u 2 position n with frition sleeve of equl en res. If neessry, the Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the type, lo pities, egree of ury or pplition lss for the penetrometer tht is to e use. If none is speifie, piezoone meeting the requirements of Clss 2 (ISO ) shll e use. A suitle porous filter element, suh s sintere stinless steel or ronze, or porous PVC or HDPE shll e provie. A slot filter my e use s n lterntive if pprove y the Geotehnil Professionl. Where seismi one penetrometer test (SCPT) is to e unertken, the seismi testing prt of the souning shll e unertken in orne with Setion Clirtion of the equipment shll e in orne with the mnufturer s instrutions n in orne with ASTM D Copies of urrent lirtion ertifites shll e supplie to the Geotehnil Professionl efore work ommenes n shll lso e hel on site Methoology generl Testing shll e unertken to the speifie epth unless refusl (s efine y the Contrtor) is rehe erlier. Where refusl ours ove the trget epth the Site Representtive must e immeitely informe Methoology CPTu testing Tests shll e rrie out in orne with ASTM D , or ISO if pplile. The penetrometer shll e fully lene n e-ire prior to strting eh souning. A new porous filter shoul e provie for eh souning. The one shll e sturte in suitle sturtion meium suh s e-ire silione oil or glyerine. A light silione grese fille slot filter my lso e use if pprove y the Geotehnil Professionl. Zero lo reings re to e tken efore n fter eh souning. Unless otherwise gree, the mximum llowle zero shift uring eh iniviul souning shll e no more thn 1% of the full sle output (FSO) of eh of the sensors (50% of the llowne in ASTM D ). PAGE 44

47 12. IN-SITU TESTING Methoology issiption testing e f Dissiption tests (whih mesure the issiption of exess pore pressure generte uring proing) shll e rrie out in orne with ASTM D t the epths n lotions speifie or s instrute y the Site Representtive. The issiption test shll e performe y stopping the piezoone t speifie epth. A pore pressure filter (or slot filter, if pplile) in the u 2 position shll e use unless n lterntive position (ie u 1 or u 3 ) is speifie in the Projet Speifi Speifition. Dissiption tests re to e terminte t T50 (time to 50% issiption of exess pore pressure) or s otherwise instrute y the Site Representtive. The Contrtor is to limit ny movements/ virtions of the one n the rig uring the test. Movement or virtions will use hnges in the pore pressure, possily isrupting the test n mking interprettion iffiult. Pressure must e kept on the rms uring issiption testing to limit ny sution through unloing of the soil roun the one Reporting Results shll e reporte inluing: 1 Cone resistne, sleeve frition, pore wter pressure n inlintion, plus ny other hnnels reore suh s temperture, shll e reporte with respet to epth. 2 A grphil representtion of q t, f s n u 2 with epth. 3 The reson for stopping. 4 If groun wter level is reporte, note shoul e provie s to how the groun wter level ws etermine (eg mesure or ssume). 5 Cone lirtion reor. 6 All other informtion s per the reporting requirements of ASTM D or ISO Reports shll e presente eletronilly in AGS4 NZ formt, n my lso e supplie s omm or olumn elinete text file or s n MS Exel file. Detils of ny post proessing suh s smoothing ro hnges, one/sleeve offset orretion re to e vise. It is reommene tht the CPT log sheet provie in Volume 0 Appenix D is use to report CPT t Hn sher vne testing Referenes NZGS, Guieline for Hn Hel Sher Vne Test. New Zeln Geotehnil Soiety. ASTM D2573M-15. Stnr Test Metho for Fiel Vne Sher Test in Sturte Fine-Grine Soils Helth n sfety Where extension ros re use to test t epth, eh testing site shll e visully heke for overhe hzrs, prtiulrly power lines n trees Equipment The vne (omprising mthing set of vne le n mesuring he) shll hve lirtion ertifite less thn 12 months ol from n IANZ reite lortory. Regulr lirtion of the vne (usully nnully n/or to IANZ requirements) is require to ount for hnges in its spring stiffness, hnges in le imensions ue to wer, n whenever springs n/or les re mge n/or reple. Following lirtion, lirtion hrt is usully provie giving the Vne Sher Strengths for eh of the il reings. The lirtion hrt is only pplile to the ext omintion of vne he n vne le. Extension ros my e e to tke reings t greter epths in hn ugere or rille oreholes n test pits. Suh ros shll e suffiiently stiff when onnete s to trnsfer the torque to the vne from the groun surfe Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with the NZGS 2001 Guieline for Hn Hel Sher Vne Test, exept s moifie in this speifition. PAGE 45

48 12. IN-SITU TESTING Reporting The following shll e reporte: 1 The test metho, inluing whether the vne ws pushe into unisture in-situ soils or into onfine smple. Where shown on orehole log these my e revite to: Vi (Vne in-situ). V (Vne onfine, eg y ore rrel or smple tue). V (Vne lok smple, tken in lok nominlly lrge enough to e onsiere s onfine). Vs (Vne spoil, tken in spoil from lok nominlly lrge enough to e onsiere s onfine.) 2 The vne sher strength of the soil, orrete using the lirtion ertifite; exept where: The vne oul not e pushe into the soil to the require epth, the result shll e reporte using the revition UTP (unle to penetrte). The strength is greter thn tht le to e mesure y the vne (ie pointer rehes mximum vlue on the il without the soil shering) the result shll e reporte in either of the following two wys eg 195+ kp or >195 kp (with the vlue given eing the mximum reorle vne sher strength possile using tht vne omintion). 3 The remoule Vne Sher Strength (if rrie out), orrete using the lirtion ertifite. 4 The soil esription of the mteril teste. A generl term suh s 'fill' my e use where the test is prt of erthworks testing. 5 The lotion of the test site n its Reue Level (if known) or the epth from efine surfe. 6 The te of test. 7 The nme of the person who rrie out the test. 8 The seril numers of the vne he n le, n the le imeter (eg 19 mm/25 mm). 9 The unorrete vne he (il) reing for eh test (pek n remoule). 10 A opy of the lirtion ertifite Lrge imeter vne testing Lrge imeter vnes re efine for the purposes of this speifition s those with le sizes 35 mm or greter. They re ommonly use own oreholes uring rilling (mounte to rill rig) or pushe into the soft groun to epths of tens of metres Referenes ASTM D2573M-15. Stnr Test Metho for Fiel Vne Sher Test in Sturte Fine-Grine Soils. Roerts, Implusily low reings with the Geonor Vne investigte n expline. NZ Geomehnis News, Issue 85, June 2013, p Equipment The vne (omprising mthing set of vne le n he) shll hve lirtion ertifite less thn 12 months ol from n IANZ reite lortory Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D2573M-15, exept s moifie in this speifition Reporting The following shll e reporte: 1 The test metho (inluing whether the vne ws pushe into unisture in-situ soils or into onfine smple). 2 The vne sher strength of the soil, orrete using the lirtion ertifite, exept where: The vne oul not e pushe into the soil to the require epth, the result shll e reporte using the revition UTP (unle to penetrte). The strength is greter thn tht le to e mesure y the vne (ie pointer rehes mximum vlue on the il without the soil shering) the result shll e reporte in either of the following two wys eg 195+ kp or >195 kp (with the vlue given eing the mximum reorle vne sher strength possile using tht vne omintion). 3 The remoule Vne Sher Strength (if rrie out), orrete using the lirtion ertifite. PAGE 46

49 12. IN-SITU TESTING 4 The soil esription of the mteril teste. A generl term suh s fill my e use where the test is prt of erthworks testing. 5 The lotion of the test site n its Reue Level (if known) or the epth from efine surfe. 6 The te of test. 7 The nme of the person who rrie out the test. 8 The seril numers of the vne he n le, n the le imensions (imeter n length). 9 The unorrete vne he (il) reing for eh test (pek n remoule). 10 A opy of the lirtion ertifite Dynmi one penetrtion testing (DCP) Severl ifferent types of DCP equipment hve een evelope, ut in New Zeln the stnr DCP test (lso referre to s Sl test) is the one efine in NZS 4402:1988. Severl orreltions hve een estlishe mong the ifferent ynmi proing tests n etween them n other tests or geotehnil prmeters. In some ses frition long the ros hs een eliminte or orrete, ut the tul energy trnsmitte to the proe hs not een mesure. They nnot therefore e ssume to e generlly vli. Cre shoul e tken to ensure tht the mterils eing teste re of similr nture to those for whih the orreltions were evelope n tht the purpose for whih the orreltion ws evelope is the sme s tht for whih the orreltion is eing use Referenes e NZS 4402:1988. Test Dynmi Cone Penetrometer. CETANZ, TG1 Sl Dynmi Cone Penetrometer Cone Clirtion. ISO :2005. Geotehnil investigtion n testing Fiel testing Prt 2: Dynmi proing. Eurooe 7 Geotehnil esign Prt 2: Groun investigtion n testing; Setion 4.7: Dynmi Proing Tests (DP), Mrh Stokwell, June NZ Engineering Vol 32 No.6 Determintion of llowle ering pressure uner smll strutures Helth n sfety There hve een numer of inients of rushe fingers resulting from the use of Sl Penetrometers. It is essentil tht these tests re unertken refully n slowly y suitly trine iniviuls. The equipment shll e mnufture to minimise the risk of entrpment of fingers etween the flling weight n the nvil. For the hn hel DCP, rry hnles my e e to the rop weight, the weight of whih must e inlue in the overll rop weight sizing etermintion. For mehnil equipment, the flling weight shll e sreene to prevent hn ess to the hmmer or nvil uring testing. Eh testing site shll e visully heke for overhe hzrs. Er protetion shoul e worn when operting or working ner to the equipment. It is reommene tht the equipment e fully ismntle efore moving to new testing lotion. When rrying the equipment, the hmmer shoul e restrine to prevent movement long the slie r Soil n environmentl DCP equipment use n e noisy, potentilly restriting its use where work is require outsie of norml hours or t ertin sites. Where in out, inform potentilly vulnerle neighours or other ffete prties of intene te n time of use Equipment For etile esription of the equipment n sizing of the vrious prts, refer Figure Dynmi Cone Penetrometer in NZS 4402:1988. The shouler with of the one shll e 3 mm (±1 mm) to llow orreltions with Stokwell (1977) n interntionl pulitions Methoology to one ro length, mximum 1.5 m long The methoology shll e in orne with NZS 4402:1988 Setion , exept s moifie y this speifition When rising the hmmer, tke re tht it oes not strike the stop with suh fore s to lift the penetrometer. Where pre-rill is require or where the test strts t some epth other thn t the groun surfe (eg t the se of test pit), results shoul e reore s strting t the relevnt epth elow groun. PAGE 47

50 12. IN-SITU TESTING Methoology greter thn one ro length e f The originl test metho efine y Sl ws intene for use in the upper soil lyers only with view to proviing simplifie metho for orrelting Cliforni Bering Rtio vlues. Where the DCP test is intene for use for ny other purpose or where ny test is propose to ontinue to epths greter thn 1.5m epth, then the DCP test shoul e omplete using the lterntive eep testing metho. Ftors ffeting the penetrtion resistne of the soil inlue mteril type, ensity n wter ontent. Where the test is not omplete per the eep testing metho, itionl tests for these properties shoul e unertken in onjuntion with the DCP testing to inite hnges in mteril type n wter ontent with epth n to llow visul verifition of soil hrteristis (eg orgnis, filling, et.). Complete DCP test to one ro length epth elow groun. Auger to the se of the DCP test, tking note of hnges in mteril type, ensity n wter ontent. A n extension ro to the DCP equipment n omplete test for n itionl ro length. Repet steps () n () to trget epth. If the ugere hole ollpses (eg ue to loose mteril), the DCP my ontinue without further ugering, ut the epth of hole ollpse must e mrke on the log, s this will ffet interprettion. Trget epth shoul e no greter thn 5 m elow groun Reporting Reporting requirements re given in NZS 4402:1988 Setion The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Reue level of groun surfe t the test site. 7 Results shll e reore n reporte s numer of lows per 50 mm penetrtion. 8 A grphil log shoul e inlue showing how the results vry with epth t eh test site Dynmi Proing (DPSH-B) Referenes ISO :2005. Geotehnil investigtion n testing Fiel testing Prt 2: Dynmi proing. Eurooe 7 Geotehnil esign Prt 2: Groun investigtion n testing; Setion 4.7: Dynmi Proing Tests (DP), Mrh Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with ISO :2005, exept s moifie in this speifition Reporting Refer Setion 7 of ISO :2005. In ition to the stnr reporting (lows per 200 mm penetrtion), results my lso e presente in other forms eg lows per 100 mm or 300 mm penetrtion In-situ ensity Referenes NZS 4407:2015. Test 4.1. The Density of Compte Aggregte sn replement metho (for use in Aggregtes) or NZS 4402:1986 Test Sn replement metho for the etermintion of the in-situ ensity (for use in soils). NZS 4407:2015. Test 4.2. The fiel wter ontent n fiel ry ensity of ompte mterils metho using nuler moisture-ensity guge iret trnsmission (for use in soils n ggregtes). NZS 4407:2015. Test 4.3. The fiel wter ontent n fiel ry ensity of ompte mterils metho using nuler moisture-ensity guge kstter moe (for use on ggregtes). NZS 4402:1986. Test Smpling Tue metho for the etermintion of in-situ ensity (for use in soils). PAGE 48

51 12. IN-SITU TESTING Methoology The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the test metho n the stnr to e followe. The hoie of test will e etermine through onsiertion of suitility of the test in terms of prtility n mteril type, spee of testing n ost. It is reommene tht the Geotehnil Professionl onsiers verifition testing using more thn one test metho. All testing shll e rrie out y n IANZ reite supplier with the speifie metho liste on their Sope of Areittion. It is reommene tht the Geotehnil Professionl onsier omplimentry testing to e rrie out t the sme test lotions s in-situ ensity testing, suh s sher vne or Sl penetrometer testing Reporting The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte n time of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Testing lotion pln n/or surveye oorintes for eh test. 7 Wether onitions (oth on the y n in the preeing ys). 8 History of the mteril ie fill/nturl. 9 Bulk ensity. 10 Dry ensity. 11 Wter ontent (%) of the mteril. Other informtion tht my e requeste of the supplier inlues ir vois s perentge this will require either the mesurement or n ssumption of the soli ensity of the soil Plte loing test Referenes ASTM D Stnr Test Metho for Bering Cpity of Soil for Stti Lo n Spre Footings Methoology e The seletion of test res shll e rrie out etween the Contrtor n the Geotehnil Professionl. Cre shoul e tken to hoose test points tht re representtive of the whole onstrution re. The lo tests shoul e rrie out t the elevtion of the propose footings n uner the sme onitions of the propose footings. For norml groun onitions t lest three lotions shll e teste, with the istne etween tests eing not less thn five times the imeter of the lrgest plte use in the test. The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the loing pltform, the e lo n the referene em to e use y the Contrtor. The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the plte size, the loing inrements n the time intervl of the loing yle. The tests shll ontinue until pek lo is rehe or until the rtio of lo inrement to settlement inrement rehes minimum, stey mgnitue. If suffiient lo is ville, the test shoul e ontinue until the totl settlement rehes t lest 10% of the plte imeter, unless well-efine filure is oserve. All testing shll e rrie out y n IANZ reite supplier with the speifie metho on their Sope of Areittion Reporting The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte n time of test. PAGE 49

52 12. IN-SITU TESTING 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Wether onitions (oth on the y n in the preeing ys). 7 Air temperture t time of lo inrements. 8 Any irregulrities in the routine proeure. 9 A ontinuous listing of ll time, lo n settlement t for eh test Cliforni ering rtio test (in-situ) Referenes NZS 4402:1986. Test Determintion of the Cliforni Bering Rtio (CBR) Stnr metho for in-situ tests Methoology The seletion of test res shll e gree etween the Contrtor n the Geotehnil Professionl. Cre shoul e tken to hoose test points tht re representtive of the whole onstrution re. This test is pproprite for fine, meium n orse soils (s speifie in NZS 4402). It my e pproprite to rry out lortory prtile size istriution n in-situ ensity s omplimentry prmeters. The methoology shll e in orne with NZS 4402, exept s moifie in this speifition. The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the surhrge weight to e use for the tests. This my vry epennt on expete pvement/fill plement Reporting The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Wether onitions n temperture. 7 Surhrge imeter n totl mss of weights. 8 Wter Content % of smple of mteril tken from GL to 30 mm elow the plunger test lotion. 9 Penetrtion rte of the plunger (mm/min). 10 The lulte CBR n the penetrtion t whih it ws reore. 11 History of the mteril (ie fill or nturl, moifie or unmoifie) Infiltrtion Test: Doule Ring infiltrometer test Referenes ASTM D : Stnr Test Metho for Infiltrtion Rte of Soils in Fiel Using Doule-Ring Infiltrometer Equipment The following equipment shll e provie y the Contrtor, long with ny itionl mteril neee to unertke the neessry works: 1 Infiltrometer rings 2 Driving ps 3 Driving equipment 4 Depth guge 5 Splsh gur 6 Rule or tpe 7 Shovels 8 Wter 9 Timing evie 10 Level 11 Ruer hmmer 12 Hn uger Methoology Clirtion Determine the re of eh ring, n the re etween rings, efore initil use with tehnique whih will give n overll error of 1% or less. For eh grute yliner or grute Mriotte tue, estlish the reltionship etween the hnge in elevtion of liqui (flui) level n hnge in volume of flui. This reltionship shll hve n overll error of 1% or less. PAGE 50

53 12. IN-SITU TESTING Methoology The oule-ring infiltrometer metho onsists of pling n riving two open yliners, one insie the other into the groun. The yliners re then prtilly fille with wter n the wter mintine t onstnt level. The volume of liqui e to the inner ring, to mintin the liqui level onstnt, is the mesure of the volume of liqui tht infiltrtes the soil. The volume infiltrte is then onverte to infiltrte veloity n is usully expresse in millimetres per hour n plotte ginst elpse time. This test metho pplies to fining the fiel mesurement of infiltrtion rte of soils. Infiltrtions rtes hve relevne to the following pplitions: irrigtion requirements, ringe n lehing effiienies, wter spreing n rehrge, nl or reservoir lekge, liqui wste isposl, evlution of potentil septi-tnk isposl fiels, s some exmples. Although the units for infiltrtion n hyruli onutivity re the sme they re oth istintively ifferent n shoul not e mixe. The purpose of the outer ring is to stimulte one imensionl, vertil flow elow the inner ring. The test typilly requires n re of 3 m x 3 m essile y truk. The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. Determine the soil mtrix for the test site y lssifition of soil smples from nery/jent uger hole in orne with AS/NZS 1547 Tle E1. Confirm sheule of reings with the Site Representtive se on this informtion. The pproprite sheule of reings my only e etermine through experiene. For verge soils, reor the volume of liqui use t intervls of 15 min for the first hour, 30 min for the seon hour, n 60 min uring the reminer of perio of t lest 6 h, or until fter reltively onstnt rte is otine. For high-permeility mterils, reings my e more frequent, while for low-permeility mterils, the reing intervl my e 24 hours or more. In ny event, the volume of liqui use in ny one reing intervl shoul not e less thn pproximtely 25 m 3. e f g h The test site shoul e nerly level, or level surfe shoul e prepre. Ple the riving p on the outer ring n the entre it. Ple wooen lok on the riving p. Drive the outer ring into the soil with lows with hevy hmmer on the wooen lok to epth tht will prevent the test liqui leking to the groun surfe roun the ring, n eeper thn the epth the inner ring ( epth of 150 mm is usully equte). Use meium lows to voi frturing the soil strt. Centre the smller ring insie the lrger ring n rive to epth tht will prevent lekge of the test flui to the groun surfe surrouning the ring, using the sme tehnique s ove. A epth of etween out 50 n 100 mm is usully equte. There re silly three wys to mintin onstnt he (liqui level) within the inner ring n nnulr spe etween the two rings: mnully ontrolling the flow of liqui the use of onstnt-level flot vlves, or the use of Mriotte tue. When mnully ontrolling the flow of liqui, epth guge is require to ssist the investigtor visully in mintining onstnt he. Use epth guge suh s steel tpe or rule for soils hving reltively high permeility; for soils hving reltively low permeility use hook guge or simple point guge. Instll the epth guges, onstnt-level vlves, or Mriotte tues, n in suh mnner tht the referene he will e t lest 25 mm n not greter thn 150 mm. Selet the he on the sis of the permeility of the soil, the higher hes eing require for lower permeility soils. Lote the epth guges ner the entre of the entre ring n miwy etween the two rings. Cover the soil surfe within the entre ring n etween the two rings with splsh gurs (150 mm squre piees of urlp or ruer sheet) to prevent erosion of the soil when the initil liqui supply is poure into the rings. Fill oth rings with wter to the sme esire epth in eh ring. Do not reor this initil volume of wter. PAGE 51

54 12. IN-SITU TESTING i j k l Remove the splsh gurs. Strt flow of flui from the grute yliners or Mriotte tues. As soon s the flui level eomes onstnt, etermine the flui epth in the inner ring n in the nnulr spe to the nerest 2 mm using ruler or tpe mesure. Reor these epths. If the epth etween the inner ring n nnulr spe vries more thn 5 mm, rise the epth guge, onstnt-level flot vlve, or Mriotte tue hving the shllowest epth. Mintin the liqui level t the selete he in oth the inner ring n nnulr spe etween rings s ner s possile throughout the test to prevent flow of flui from one ring to the other. Determine n reor the volume of liqui tht is e to mintin onstnt he in the inner ring n nnulr spe uring eh timing intervl y mesuring the hnge in elevtion of liqui level in the pproprite grute yliner or Mriotte tue. Ple the riving p or some other overing over the rings uring the intervls etween liqui mesurements to minimize evportion. Upon ompletion of the test, remove the rings from the soil, ssiste y light hmmering on the sies with ruer hmmer Reporting All unsuessful n suessful tests shll e reporte. The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte of test. 5 Wether onitions uring the test n over the preeing week. 6 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 7 Methoology use to mintin the onstnt he. 8 Volume of wter n time t eh intervl. 9 Infiltrtion rte Peroltion test Equipment The following equipment shll e provie y the Contrtor, long with ny itionl mteril neee to unertke the neessry works: 1 Timing evie 2 Exvting tools 3 Srthing/srifying tools Methoology This test is generlly use to test the suitility of sokge evies n on-site sewge tretment systems. Mke n exvtion in the soil mtrix to e ssesse. Dimensions of the test hole shll either e: 1 A squre 250 mm x 250 mm hole to epth of t lest 300 mm; or 2 A irulr hole with imeter of 300 mm n epth of t lest 300 mm; or 3 A irulr hole with imeter of 100 mm n epth of t lest 600 mm. Log the soil in orne with Setion 4. e f g Ensure the removl of ll loose mteril n lys vi srthing n srifying from the sies n ottom of exvtion. If grounwter is enountere the test shll e none. Fill the test pit with len wter up to the groun level. Reor the epth to wter. Unless stte otherwise, the monitoring frequeny from the strt of the test shll e s follows: minutes 30 seons minutes 1 minute minutes 2 minutes minutes 5 minutes The test shll e finishe when ll the wter hs perolte out of the hole, or fter three hours, whihever omes first. PAGE 52

55 12. IN-SITU TESTING Reporting All unsuessful n suessful tests shll e reporte. The following shll e reporte: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte of test. 5 Wether onitions uring the test n over the preeing week. 6 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 7 Dimensions of the hole. 8 Soil esription. 9 Reson for noning or otherwise ening the test. 10 Depth to wter n time t eh intervl. 11 Peroltion rte Constnt he permeility test Referenes AS/NZS 1547:2012. On-site omesti wstewter mngement. BS 5930:2015. Coe of prtie for groun investigtion. BS EN ISO :2012. Geotehnil investigtion n testing. Geohyruli testing. Wter permeility tests in orehole using open systems Methoology The methoology shll e s esrie in AS/NZS 1547:2012 Appenix G Reporting As minimum the informtion speifie in AS/NZS 1547:2012 Appenix G Setion 7 shll e reporte Vrile he permeility test Referenes BS 5930:2015. Site investigtions. BS EN ISO :2012. Geotehnil investigtion n testing. Geohyruli testing. Wter permeility tests in orehole using open systems Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with BS EN ISO :2012 n BS 5930:2015, exept s moifie in this speifition. The Contrtor shll provie the Geotehnil Professionl with etils of propose methoology. Unless stte otherwise, the monitoring frequeny from the strt of the test shll e s follows: minutes 30 seons minutes 1 minute minutes 2 minutes minutes 5 minutes Reporting As minimum, the following t shll e reore for eh hyruli onutivity test onute: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte n time of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Type of test (rising or flling). 7 Stti wter level prior to evelopment. 8 Depth of hole prior to testing. 9 Dimeter of ore in test setion. 10 Depth of sing (if ny). 11 Internl rius of sing (if pplile). 12 Height of sing ove surrouning groun level. 13 Wter level t strt of test (time t = 0). 14 Wter epth with time. 15 A plot of he vs elpse time. PAGE 53

56 12. IN-SITU TESTING Pker permeility test Coes of prtie Referene stnrs n oes of prtie: 1 BS 5930:2015. Site Investigtions. 2 BS EN ISO :2012. Geotehnil investigtion n testing. Geohyruli testing. Wter permeility tests in orehole using open systems Methoology e f g h i The methoology shll e in orne with BS EN ISO :2012 n BS 5930:2015, exept s moifie in this speifition. The Contrtor shll e fmilir with the opertion of these tests n shll provie the Geotehnil Professionl with etils of their propose methoology. Prior to testing, the ore shll e evelope for 2 hours. The evelopment my e terminte erlier if the ishrge wter is ler of rilling mu n uttings tht my e logging the quifer. Wter proue y the evelopment shll e ishrge in ontrolle mnner n ispose of so s to use miniml isturne to the site. Wter shll not e ishrge iretly onto the groun jent to the ore. If ishrge wter is irete into mu pits, ny overflow must e ontrolle n irete wy from the ore. Tests shll e of single or oule pker type, where the lower setion of the hole is isolte y the pker. Test setions shll typilly e etween 3 m n 6 m long, with the level t whih the pker shll e sete eing etermine y the Site Representtive. The test shll onsist of 5 stges, eh of 15 minutes urtion, with the mximum pressure eing pplie in 3 equl inrements n reue y erements of the sme mount. Aurte pressure n flow mesurements shll e tken throughout the test y the Contrtor. Proof of reent lirtion of the instruments to e use to mesure these quntities shll e provie to the Geotehnil Professionl prior to ommenement of the first test. j The wter level in the setion of the ore ove the pker shll e monitore uring testing to ensure tht no lekge ours. If lekge is etete the test shll e terminte n re-set Reporting The following t shll e reporte for eh hyruli onutivity test onute: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte n time of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 Stti wter level prior to evelopment. 7 Height of pressure guge ove groun level. 8 Depth of hole prior to testing. 9 Length of test setion. 10 Pker pressure. 11 Dimeter of ore in test setion. 12 Internl rius of sing. 13 Wter level t strt of test (time t = 0). 14 Guge pressure. 15 Flow rte t regulr intervls uring eh stge of testing Pumping Tests Referenes BS 5930:2015. Site investigtions. BS ISO 14686:2003. Hyrometri etermintions pumping tests for wter wells Consiertions n guielines for esign, performne n use Methoology equipment test The equipment test is one to hek the pumping equipment, ishrge mesuring evie n wter level mesuring evie is working suffiiently. It is lso to etermine tht ll the equipment hs met the neessry sfety requirements n tht ll sfety evies re fully funtionl. PAGE 54

57 12. IN-SITU TESTING For rtesin wells the he ove the mesuring point is to e reore efore pumping or free ishrges ommenes. The well shll e pumpe for short perio of time, to e gree with the Site Representtive, t vrying ishrge rtes. Dishrge rtes n the rwown for eh ishrge rte shll e mesure. It is importnt tht grounwter levels re mesure in the test well n in ny oservtion wells prior to the strt of pumping (just efore the en of the equipment test). The grounwter levels reore will give n inition of the rnge of the wter-level epressions tht my e expete in the tests to ome. After the equipment test the wter level shll e llowe to reover in oth the oservtion wells n strtion well efore ny further testing is one. This reovery will our normlly within few hours, uring whih time the wter levels reltive to time for eh well shll e reore Methoology Stilistion prior to step or onstnt rwown tests A monitoring perio is presrie to llow the effet of rilling n ore instlltion on the grounwter to issipte. The urtion my e mene y the Geotehnil Professionl to suit the site onitions Methoology Step test The purpose of step test is to estlish short-term yiel rwown reltionships n therey enle the ility to efine the elements of he loss ttriutle to lminr flow (Drin onitions) n itionl omponents of he loss suh s those ttriutle to turulent flow. The step test inlues pumping the well in series of steps, eh with ifferent ishrge rte. It is vise tht t lest four ifferent steps re me n tht the finl ishrge rte shoul pproh the mximum yiel of the well. If the ltter is unttinle then the mximum pity of the pump shoul e sustitute. It is importnt to tke re s exessive pumping n le to exessive rwown whih my result in the pump running ry n mge of equipment. The steps shll e gree with the Site Representtive efore the test is ommene. Iniviul steps my e tken onseutively or intermittently. When steps re me onseutively the pumping rte is eing hnge t the en of eh step. The pumping rte shll e inrese in equl inrements from the first to lst step, or erese in equl erements from the first to lst steps. When steps re me intermittently, pumping shll e stoppe fter eh step until grounwter levels hve fully reovere in the extrtion n monitoring wells efore ommening the next step. The step test or onstnt rwown test must tke ple minimum seven ys fter rilling of the extrtion ore ny monitoring ores. Level loggers set to reor hourly shll e instlle in the monitoring ores n pumping well. All the wells shll e monitore for t lest seven ontinuous ys efore the step or onstnt rwown test ommenes Methoology Constnt rwown test A pump ple of mintining set he in the ore shll e instlle t or ner the se of the ore. The wter shll e left to settle for t lest n hour fter instlltion efore the pump is strte, n the wter level in the ore mesure with ip meter immeitely efore strting pumping. Wter shll e extrte from the ore n ispose of in n pprove mnner. Otining pprovls will e the responsiility of the Contrtor. The preferre metho of isposl is into the lol stormwter system. The preferre metho of isposl is normlly into the lol stormwter system. Approvl for this will e require from the lol uthority, sset owner n lnowner. PAGE 55

58 12. IN-SITU TESTING e f g h Upon ommenement of the test pumping exerise, rwown of the grounwter shll e mesure mnully using n eletroni ip meter t no less thn one minute intervls for one hour, then no less thn 10 minute intervls until there is no mesurle hnge or until six hours hve psse, whihever omes first. The ishrge rte shll e etermine either y metering the output of the pump mnully y mesuring time tken to fill known volume ontiner with ishrge wter. The ishrge rte shll e monitore no less thn ily. Wter smples for lortory nlysis (lortory nlysis is not prt of this ontrt) shll e tken t the strt n en of the test pumping to etermine etile wter hemistry n evlution of ny hnges ourring over the urtion of the testing. Smples shll e lelle with the following informtion: 1 Contrt title 2 Lotion ID (eg rill hole numer) 3 Dte n time smple tken 4 Position smple tken (eg within rill hole, from outfll) 5 Reson smple tken. The wter level in the ore shll e heke one y with the ip meter. Pumping shll ontinue for perio of seven ontinuous 24 hour ys. Monitoring of the monitoring oreholes with the level loggers shll ontinue uring the test n for fourteen ys eyon the ompletion of the pumping test t one hour intervls Reporting Results shll e reporte in PDF formt, with t lso presente in Exel formt. As minimum, the following shoul e reporte: 1 Photogrphs of ll equipment. 2 Reors of ll smples tken. 3 Reors of ll flow rtes, ip-meter reings n level logger reings. 4 Clirtion ertifites for flow rte meters n eletroni level loggers Pressuremeter test In pressuremeter test proe is inserte into the pproprite size orehole n expne lterlly y ompresse ir or gs. The pplie pressures n resulting eformtions re mesure n enle the strength n eformtion hrteristis of the teste groun to e ssesse. The erliest n most ommon proe is the Menr pressuremeter (Menr, 1965). With this instrument, the lterl lo is pplie y proe onsisting of wter-fille entrl mesuring ell flnke y two gur ells, either gs-fille or wter-tille, epening on the type of instrument. Reings re tken t the groun surfe on pressure n volume guges whih re onnete to the entrl ell y mens of k-pressure nnulr plsti tue. The pressure tue n proe must e lirte on site. The funtion of the gur ells is to ensure onition of plne strin in the groun in ontt with the entrl ell Referenes ASTM D Stnr Test Methos for Preore Pressuremeter Testing in Soils (Withrwn 2016). BS EN ISO :2012. Geotehnil investigtion n testing. Fiel testing. Ménr pressuremeter test Methoology The methoology shll e in orne with BS EN ISO :2012 for Menr pressure meter testing n ASTM D for other tests, exept s moifie in this speifition. Pressure n volume lirtions shll e rrie out: 1 At the eginning n en of testing progrmme. 2 Whenever lengths of onneting tues re hnge. 3 Whenever new sheths or memrnes re instlle. 4 Whenever ny wter line sujete to vuum or pressure hs een suenly relese. 5 Whenever ny other ftor ffeting the lirtion hs hnge. PAGE 56

59 12. IN-SITU TESTING e The hyrostti pressure ue to flui in the test equipment elow the pressure guge shll e etermine prior to eh test. Pressure lirtion is to ount for pressure losses whih our euse of stiffness of the ruer memrne n slotte steel sheth of the proe. Volume lirtion is to ount for volume losses whih our euse of expnsion of the onneting tues. The test poket must e forme with miniml isturne of the siewlls n with the proper imeter for the instrument to e use. The wter flush rotry open hole rilling tehnique shll not e use to form the test poket. The formtion of suitle test poket is ruil step in pressuremeter testing s the test t re otine y ril expnsion of the proe of only few millimetres n even thin isture zone roun the poket will ffet the results. The tests shll e rrie out n reporte in orne with test metho tht onforms to the requirements for the prtiulr instrument type to e use. e f 7 Testing proeure. This shll e either: The proeure to otin pressuremeter moulus, (EM) n limit pressure, (plm), tht my e use in esign proeures formulte for the Ménr pressuremeter. The proeure to otin other stiffness n strength prmeters. 8 The lirtion reors. Where pproprite the pplie pressure shll e orrete for memrne stiffness to otin the true pressure pplie to the ylinril groun ontt surfe roun the proe. Where ril isplement type pressuremeter is use the isplement reings shll e onverte to vity strin n, if testing wek rok, orrete for memrne ompression n thinning. Where volume isplement type pressuremeter is use (eg MPM), the volume reing shll e orrete for system expnsion. For ril isplement proes, the following shll e plotte in ition to the requirements of the iniviul equipment test stnrs: PROBE GROUND TYPE ABSCISSA ORDINATE Reporting The report shll oument the ftul results of the investigtion. Where it hs een gree tht interprettion shll e provie s prt of the report it shll e lerly stte whih spets re interprettions n on wht sis the interprettion hs een me. The following t shll e reporte for eh test onute: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. Self-ore, pushe in Pre-ore Self-ore All All Cly Cvity strin for eh rm Cvity strin for eh pir of rms Initil vity strin for eh rm Cvity strin for unlo-relo yle for eh rm Logrithm of vity strin for eh rm Applie pressure 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Dte n time of test. 5 Nme of the person who omplete the test. 6 The instrument use. Sns Nturl logrithm of urrent vity strin for eh rm Nturl logrithm of effetive pplie pressure g For volume isplement proes, the volume hnge n the rte of volume hnge shll lso e plotte in ition to the requirements of the iniviul equipment test stnrs. PAGE 57

60 12. IN-SITU TESTING Flt iltometer test The flt iltometer is 96 mm wie n 15 mm thik steel le tht hs in its entre thin steel memrne of 60 mm imeter. The plte onnets to CPT ros n is pushe vertilly into the groun using thrust mhine (CPT rig). A le psses through the ros to onnet to gs yliner vi ontrol ox t the surfe. The test involves hlting the push t set epth intervls n reore the pressure require to inflte the memrne ginst the soil. Two reings re tken; one when the memrne lifts off the le (A reing) the other when the memrne hs expne into the soil y istne of 1.1 mm (B reing). A thir reing n lso e tken to reor the pressure ginst the memrne one it hs returne flt ginst the le (C reing). The flt iltometer test is revite y DMT. A seismi moule n e tthe ehin the DMT le whih llows the mesurement of sher wve veloity to e otine in the sme souning. The test is then referre to s SDMT. The seismi prt of this test is type of ownhole seismi test tht is overe in setion Referenes ASTM D : Stnr test metho for performing the flt plte iltometer Equipment The Contrtor shll supply thrust mhine of suitle push pity to hieve the require souning epths in the expete groun onitions. The Contrtor shll vise the Geotehnil Professionl the etils of the rig to e use prior to works ommening. The flt iltometer pprtus shll e the Mrhetti type s speifie in ASTM D Unless otherwise gree, the gs to e use shll e ompresse ry nitrogen. A suitle gs regultor shll e provie tht n supply mximum gs pressure of not less thn 40 r n no greter thn 80 r. A suitle memrne thikness shll e selete to suit the expete groun onitions. This woul generlly e 0.25 mm, ut 0.30 mm my e more suitle ense sns/grvel n 0.20 mm in soft lys Methoology A lirtion to ount for the stiffness of the memrne in ir shll e unertken efore n fter the souning. The lirtions shoul e repete severl times to ensure onsisteny. The verge of the efore n fter lirtion vlues is use in the susequent lultions of the rw t. The lirtion vlues shoul lie within the mnufturer s tolernes. For newly instlle memrnes, the memrne shoul e exerise y inflting to pproximtely 5 Br n then eflting repetely severl times until onsistent lirtion vlues re hieve. The DMT test shoul e performe t regulr epth intervls. A n B reings shoul e tken every 200 mm, with C reing every 1 m Reporting The results shll e reporte s speifie in ASTM Unless otherwise speifie, the stnr report generte y the Mrhetti DMT quisition softwre is onsiere equte for the reporting of the DMT results. PAGE 58

61 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS 13 INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS 13.1 Generl Cement/entonite grout Cement/entonite grout shll e esigne to proue 7 y strength pproximtely 25% of the strength of the jent groun. The liqui grout onsisteny shll e s thik s possile while remining liqui enough to e pumpe. In orer to keep fiel proeures simple the emphsis shoul e on ontrolling the wter-ement rtio. This is omplishe y mixing the ement with the wter first. When wter n ement re mixe first, the wter-ement rtio stys fixe n the strength/moulus of the set grout is more preitle. If entonite slurry is mixe first, the wter-ement rtio nnot e ontrolle euse the ition of ement must stop when the slurry thikens to onsisteny tht is still pumple. The mix n e est ontrolle y hyrting the entonite efore it is e to the wter/ement mix. GROUT FOR FIRM OR STIFFER SOILS/ROCK SOFT SOILS Wter Portln Cement 1 1 Bentonite Suggeste mixes re given in the tle ove. More etil n e foun in Mikkelsen, P.E., Cement-Bentonite Grout Bkfill for Borehole Instruments. Geotehnil Instrumenttion News, Deemer 2002, p PAGE 59

62 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS 13.2 Stnpipes for grounwter level monitoring Stnpipe instlltions shoul e esigne to minimise the risk of interferene with grounwter flow regimes (long sreens n inue vertil flow within n quifer) n to llow the olletion of smple tht meets the requirements of the monitoring ojetives. In generl, the sreen shoul e the minimum length require to meet the ojetives whilst ensuring tht mixing n smple ilution within the orehole oes not ffet the smple results or the interprettion of those results. In lyere quifer systems, the response zone shoul e of n pproprite length to prevent onnetion etween ifferent quifer lyers within the system y opting stnpipe piezometer instlltion rther thn open stnpipes Equipment The perforte setion of the stnpipe shll e slotte with n open re of 10 15%. Where speifie y the Geotehnil Professionl this setion shll e wrppe with filter fri. Sreen perture size shoul e selete to minimise the ingress of fine mterils into the orehole n to mximise the hyruli performne. The require slot size of the sreen is etermine from the grin size of the filter mteril. The sreen slots shoul e smll enough to prevent 90% of the filter pk mteril entering. In fine formtions it is iffiult to onstrut slot sizes whih re suffiiently smll to prevent the ingress of fine prtiles n geotextile wrp is often use. Where geotextile wrp is use, onsiertion shoul e given to its mesh size n to the mteril employe ue to the potentil risk of logging. The stnpipe tuing shll omprise upvc, PTFE, HDPE or stinless steel exept in zones of high geotherml tivity, where stinless steel shll e use. The filter mteril shll e len sn or grvel s efine y the Geotehnil Professionl, n inert (free of retive minerls inluing iron, rontes or orgni mteril). Where stnpipe is instlle into silts or orser grnulr soils the filter mteril must e mthe to the quifer n to the stnpipe slot size. An ppropritely esigne filter pk n sreen will prevent or limit the entry of fine mteril into the sing. Aurte filter esign requires prtile size istriution (PSD), preferly from sieve nlysis ut n estimte of the PSD n e me from visul inspetion for the trget formtion. Blining sn shll e fine to meium gre sn (eg pool filter sn with minimum 85% pssing 0.6 mm sieve n mximum 15% pssing 0.06 mm sieve). Blining sn is ple ove the filter mteril to prevent the grout mging the filter mteril Methoology The instlltion shll e generlly s shown in Volume 0 Appenix C. The orehole into whih the stnpipe is instlle shll hve imeter more thn 60 mm lrger thn the outsie imeter of the stnpipe. Centrlisers my e use to ensure tht sreens re stright n entrl in the rill hole however re shoul e tken to ensure tht entrlisers o not use riging of grvel pk. If llsting is require uring instlltion then len wter shoul e use. Where the epth of the hole is greter thn the se of the filter mteril then: 1 The explortory hole shll e kfille with impermele mteril (ement/entonite grout or entonite pellets t the isretion of the Geotehnil Professionl) to the se of the filter. 2 Grout shll e ple using tremie pipe. 3 Suffiient time shll e llowe for the grout to set efore ontinuing with the instlltion. 4 When the grout hs set the remining epth of hole to the se of the filter shll e fille with entonite pellets to form the lower sel. PAGE 60

63 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS e f g h i Where the hole is ry n entonite pellets re use, suffiient len wter for immeite sturtion of the pellets shll e e onurrently with the entonite pellets. The filter mteril shll e ple in smll quntities to voi riging/logging whih oul result in vois. If the filter mteril is ple in wter, fter eh ition of filter mteril it shll e llowe to settle n the epth of the upper surfe mesure efore ing the next th of mteril. A minimum 300 mm thik lyer of lining sn shll e ple ove n (where pproprite) elow the filter. Bentonite pellets shll e ple ove the lining sn to form n upper sel not less thn 0.5 m thik. The reminer of the hole shll e fille with ement/entonite grout or entonite pellets to within 0.5 m of groun level unless the Geotehnil Professionl speifies otherwise. This is not require for shllow non-rtesin stnpipes whih my e omplete y k filling the sing nnulus ove the grvel pk to within hlf metre of the finishe groun j k l m n surfe with suitle free running soil ontining no lrge lumps or stones whih oul use riging. The top of the stnpipe tuing shll e overe with plsti p or similr with n ir vent to llow free ingress/egress of ir. To prevent surfe wter ingress n protet the top of the tuing steel rrel or flush stopok over shll e instlle. The protetive over shll e set in onrete n inorporte grvel ringe lyer onnete to the ir spe roun the top of the tuing. This ringe lyer my e omitte for upstns whih ontin ringe holes ner groun level. Exept where instlle in ros, the upstn or flush over shll e surroune y minimum 100 mm thik, 0.5 m imeter onrete p slope to mximise wter ringe wy from the well n instlle in orne with NZS4411. Where instlle in ros the finish etil shll e s require y the owner. The stnpipe shll e evelope to remove soil fines from roun the sreens y pump surging or ir lifting. Development shll ontinue until the wter is len n sn-free. The surfe mounting of the stnpipe shll e esigne to voi wter entering or poning s these will invlite the results. The photo elow shows n exmple of poor prtie with poning wter. Neste well sets shoul e onstrute so tht there is no opportunity for lekge etween quifers. Where possile, the stnpipes shoul e instlle in seprte rillholes. PAGE 61

64 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS Reporting The Contrtor shll reor the s-uilt etils of the stnpipe (preferly using the templte provie in Volume 0) inluing: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Instlltion te. 5 Stti wter level prior to instlltion. 6 Depth elow groun level of ll hnges in kfill mteril to 0.05 m ury. 7 Depth elow groun level of se n slotte setion of stnpipe to 0.01 m ury. 8 Grout mix Stnpipes for ontmintion monitoring Generl Stnpipes for ontmintion monitoring shll e onstrute s speifie for stnpipes for grounwter monitoring, with the following moifitions n itions Equipment e The perforte setion of the stnpipe shll e slotte with ngle mhine ut thres of etween 0.5 mm n 1.0 mm. The piezometer sing n sreen shll omprise new n unmge Clss 18, three, flush jointe unplstiise upvc, with 50 mm internl imeter n plug. Couplings shll omprise new n unmge Clss 18, unplstiise upvc O-rings or Teflon tpe pplie to the mle thre of sing. The use of filter soks, glues, ements or hesive tpe is prohiite exept where speifie y the CL-SQEP. The filter mteril shll e len sn or grvel s efine y the CL-SQEP. Filter mteril is ommonly 2 mm wshe sn (eg Wlton Prk 7/14). Where rilling in ly or silt eposits finer sn shoul e onsiere to prevent logging of the well, however onsiertion of the sreen slot size shoul e me if reuing the grin size of the grvel pk mteril. Plement: etween 2 10% y volume ple t the se of the rill hole prior to instlltion of the sreen. Grvel pk shoul then exten 300 mm 600 mm ove the top of the well sreen. Chek plement of grvel pk t the se of the rillhole for ense non-queous phse liquis. As some ontmintion n impt on the ility of entonite pellets to swell, entonite shoul e e in slurry form where this is onsiertion. All slurries shoul e ple using tremie pipe from ottom up to minimise the potentil for riging n to ensure tht goo sel is forme Methoology Csing n sreening pipes shll either e: 1 Ftory sele in plsti. 2 Stem lene/high pressure wshe on site using potle wter. In this se smple of wsh wter shll e ollete for qulity ssurne purposes. If ny wter is e to the hole uring instlltion, smple of this wter shll e ollete for qulity ssurne purposes. Sreen plement shoul e esigne to mesure the presene of light, non-queous phse liqui (ie the piezometri surfe shoul e elow the top of the sreen) n tke into ount likely grounwter level flututions. Wells shoul not e sreene ross quifers or in suh wy tht they llow ontminnts to move into unontminte zones. PAGE 62

65 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS 13.4 Virting wire piezometers Referenes ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Pre-Instlltion Aeptne Testing of Virting Wire Piezometers Equipment The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the pproprite piezometer moel for the sitution, pressure rnge, le length, filter type n reout unit or t logger require. Where the sn filter instlltion metho hs een speifie, the filter mteril shll e len grnulr mteril. Cement/entonite grout shll e esigne y the Contrtor to hieve suitle porosity for the propose en use Methoology instlltion e f Cles shll e refully mrke efore ommening for positive ientifition one instlle. The tips shll e numere sequentilly from one, ommening with the eepest tip. The pre-instlltion eptne testing methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. A pre-instlltion zero hek shll e unertken n the results heke to onfirm tht urrent ir pressure is eing orretly reore. A series of reings shll e tken until repetle vlues re ttine. The piezometer shll e sumerse in uket of len wter, n the filter remove to llow ir to espe from the piezometer, efore repling the filter. A stiff plsti pipe or stiff tremie pipe shoul e prepre to e t lest s long s the epth to the lowest virting wire tip. The piezometer(s) shll e seurely tthe, filter-en up, to this pipe so tht they nnot move uring instlltion. The epth of the tip from the top of the pipe shll e mesure n reore. g h i j Aequte le shll e provie for eh piezometer to llow the le to terminte ove groun (either t the t logger or extene with wterproof onnetor). Stti groun wter level in the orehole shll e reore efore n fter pling the piezometers in the hole. The piezometer(s) n support tue shll e ple into the orehole, n ny upstn of the support tue ove groun level reore. A own-hole pressure hek shll e unertken y tking series of reings until repetle vlues re ttine. The ifferene in pressure etween the ownhole pressure hek n the pre-instlltion zero hek shll e heke to ensure it is equl to the he of wter ove the tip in the orehole Methoology onnetion to tlogger Where multiple virting wire tips re tthe to single t logger, the eepest tip will e instlle into Chnnel 1, with susequent tips instlle in numeril orer Reporting The following t shll e reore for eh virting wire piezometer: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Stti wter level prior to instlltion. 5 VW seril numer. 6 Dtlogger hnnel (where instlle into multi-hnnel logger). 7 Tip epth s uilt, to 0.01 m ury. 8 Grout instlltion te n time. 9 Grout mix. 10 VW lirtion ertifite. 11 Results of pre-instlltion zero hek ( eptne test ). 12 Results of ownhole pressure hek. PAGE 63

66 13. INSTRUMENTATION AND GROUNDWATER MONITORING INSTALLATIONS 13.5 Inlinometers Referenes ASTM D Stnr Test Metho of Monitoring Groun Movement Using Proe-Type Inlinometers. ASTM D Stnr Prtie for Verifying Performne of Vertil Inlinometer Proe Equipment The Geotehnil Professionl shll speify the inlinometer imeter require n whether the proe shll e portle or in-ple. Mesurements shll e pture using igitl reout unit Methoology instlltion The methoology shll e in orne with ASTM D n ASTM D , exept s moifie in this speifition. Prior to instlltion the Contrtor shll ler the orehole of ny rilling mu or spoil n report ny evition of the orehole from vertil to the Geotehnil Professionl. The sing shll e instlle in the orehole ing sing setions s neessry until the sing rehes the speifie epth. One pir of grooves shll e orientte in the iretion of expete movement. The Contrtor is to mintin the require orienttion of the groove uring grouting. Attempts to orret the orienttion fter grouting re not eptle n my result in orksrewing of the sing Methoology Inlinometer reing Where possile, the sme proe n le shoul e use for eh survey. The Contrtor shll: 1 Chek tht the wheels turn smoothly n if neessry, len n lurite. Chek the wheel yoke moves freely. Chek for exess ply in the wheels n yokes. Chek no srews re loose. Chek ll prts for wer n ter. 2 Chek orret orienttion reings of the proe y tilting the proe. The reings shoul e positive when the proe is tilte to the A0 n B0 iretions. 3 Keep the proe n le len y pling on protetive groun over lose to the inlinometer. 4 Survey the A0 groove first. 5 Lower the proe to the ottom of the sing n llow time for the proe to just to the temperture insie the sing. 6 Rise the proe to the strting epth. Wit for the numers on the reout to stilise. Reor the A n B xis reings. 7 Rise the proe to the next epth. Wit for the numers to stilise n reor the reings. Repet until the proe is t the top of the sing. 8 Remove the proe n rotte 180 egrees. Align the upper wheels with the 180 groove n insert into the sing. 9 Lower the proe to the ottom of the sing n repet the reing proess Reporting e f The sing my e weighte from the ottom to ounter uoyny from wter n/or grout, until the grout sets. The sing shll not e hel from the top s this n result in the sing orksrewing. Grout shll e pumpe into the orehole through tremie pipe. The following t shll e reore for eh inlinometer: 1 Clients projet numer. 2 Projet nme. 3 Explortory Lotion ID. 4 Stti wter level prior to instlltion. 5 Proe seril numer. 6 Tip epth s uilt, to 0.01 m ury. 7 Grout instlltion te n time. 8 Grout mix. 9 Referene point for epth ontrol. 10 Initil reings zero reings results. g A flush or upstn protetive over shll e instlle s irete y the Geotehnil Professionl. h The Contrtor shll tke set of three initil reings one the grout hs set. PAGE 64

67 14. SURVEYING OF EXPLORATORY LOCATIONS 14 SURVEYING OF EXPLORATORY LOCATIONS 14.1 Methoology One of five stnr levels of ury shll e speifie y the Geotehnil Professionl: 1 Full survey y Chrtere Professionl Surveyor (X, Y, Z levels surveye to 50 mm ury in the X n Y n 5 mm ury in the Z or etter) 2 Qulity GPS with mnufturer ury stte to e ±2m or etter (X, Y oorintes surveye to 2m ury or etter, Z levels tken from lol mpping) 3 Other GPS inluing poket or phone GPS (X, Y oorintes surveye to 10 m ury or etter, Z levels tken from lol mpping) 4 Tpe/mesure from fixe points on site (X, Y oorintes surveye to 10 m ury or etter, Z levels tken from lol mpping) 5 Estimte from eril photogrphy or mps (X, Y oorintes surveye to 20 m ury or etter, Z levels tken from lol mpping) Where the Geotehnil Professionl hs not speifie the level of ury, Level 2 shll e ssume. Where speifition is to Level 1 stnr, ll tril pits n trenhes shll hve eh orner surveye. e f g Where the Geotehnil Professionl hs not speifie the tums to e use: 1 All oorintes shll e reltive to the New Zeln Geoeti Dtum 2000 tum. 2 All mps shll e presente in New Zeln Trnsverse Mertor All elevtions shll e reltive to New Zeln Vertil Dtum Elevtions shll e groun level mesure immeitely jent to the Explortory Lotion. All point lotions (oreholes, CPTs, hn ugers, DCPs et) shll e reore s single point. Where virting wires re instlle in suh wy tht the tlogger is not iretly over the orehole n the le is instlle in trenh, then the le lignment n epth shll e surveye. A survey point shll e tken t every hnge of le iretion or epth, with minimum of one point every 5 m Reporting Rw t shll e presente s n Exel formt spresheet giving Explortory Lotion ID, X, Y, Z. PAGE 65

68 15. GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING 15 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING 15.1 Referenes e NZS 4402:1986. Methos of testing soils for ivil engineering purposes. NZS 4407:2015. Methos of smpling n testing Ro Aggregte. ASTM Stnrs Volumes 4.08 n 4.09 Soil n Rok. BS1377-2:90. Methos of tests for soils for ivil engineering purposes. NZGS, Fiel Desription of Soil n Rok Methoology f g The Lortory must e reite y IANZ to rry out the requeste test methos. Exemptions n e llowe if gree in vne with the Geotehnil Professionl. The following stnrs or methos shll e pplie to tests on rok: TEST DEFAULT TEST METHOD/STANDARD SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND NOTES Smple esription NZGS Fiel Desription of Soil n Rok Unixil Compressive Strength NZS4402 Test (without strin mesurement) Unixil Compressive Strength (with strin mesurement) Point Lo Inex (xil) ASTM D Point Lo Inex (imetril) ASTM D Bulk ensity NZS4402 Test Dry ensity (inluing porosity ISRM 1981 Prt 2 n pore volume) Moisture ontent NZS4402 Test 2.1 Slke urility inex ASTM D (98) Brzilin tensile strength ASTM D Cherhr (CAI) Unixil Iniret Tensile Strength (Brzilin) Skelerogrf/Shore Hrness Goorih Drillility Petrogrphi etermintion (thin setion) Soni veolity (P n S wve) Soil rsion test Three imensionl swelling (1 week monitoring) Therml Resistivity (unisture GEO155 2 points to trget ry ensity ) Trixil (Hoek Cell) ASTM D7012 PAGE 66

69 15. GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING h The following stnrs or methos shll e pplie to tests on soil: TEST DEFAULT TEST METHOD/STANDARD SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND NOTES Smple esription NZGS Fiel Desription of Soil n Rok Wter ontent NZS4402:1986 Test 2.1 Attererg Limits inluing NWC ASTM D e1 Soli ensity (Prtile ensity) NZS4402:1986 Test or Bulk ensity/dry ensity inluing NWC NZS4402:1986 Test PSD (ry sieve) NZS4402 Test PSD (wet sieve) NZS4402:1986 Test PSD (Wet sieve n pipette/hyrometer) NZS4402:1986 Test or Orgni ontent NZS4402:1986 Test 3.1 ph NZS4402:1986 Test Sulphte NZS4402:1986 Test 3.2 Allophne presene NZS4402:1986 Test 3.4 Orgni ontent y ignition NZS4402 Test MDD Norml omption NZS4402:1986 Test L vne tests in ly MDD Hevy omption NZS4402:1986 Test L vne tests in ly MDD Virtory omption NZS4402:1986 Test L vne tests in ly Mx/Min/Reltive ensity NZS4402:1986 Test 4.2 Dispersion (Emerson Crum) AS Cliforni Bering Rtio (hevy remoule, ry) Cliforni Bering Rtio (hevy remoule, soke) Cliforni Bering Rtio (hevy remoule, lime e) NZS4402:1986 Test NZS4402:1986 Test NZS4402:1986 Test Although the ASTM metho is preferre s it provies orreltion with liqueftion t, NZS4402:1986 Test 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 my e use in res not prone to liqueftion 1D onsolition NZS4402:1986 Test 7.1 Cv, Mv & e ( t90 Metho, 6 to 7 loing yles) Shrink/swell inex AS 1289: Test Permeility in onstnt he ell BS1377 Prt 5 Test 5 Permeility in trixil ell BS1377 Prt 6 Test 6 L vne NZGS Sher Vne Guielines 2001 Ring sher BS :1990 prt 6 3 stges Smll sher ox (unisture smple) Smll sher ox (hevy ompte smple) BS :1990 prt 4 NZS4402:1986 Test n BS :1990 prt 4 Inluing single pt omption, NWC 3 stges 3 stges Therml Resistivity GEO155 4 points PAGE 67

70 15. GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING TEST DEFAULT TEST METHOD/STANDARD SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND NOTES Unonsolite Unrine trixil single stge (UU) Unonsolite Unrine trixil 3 stge (UU) Consolite unrine trixil with pore pressure mesurement (CUP) Consolite rine trixil with mesurement of volume hnge (CD) NZS4402:1986 Test 6.2 NZS4402:1986 Test 6.2 BS :1990 Test 7 BS :1990 Test 8 Isotropi Consolition BS1377 Prt 6 Test 5 5 effetive onsolition pressures 15.3 Reporting All results shll e presente in ll of the following formts (where ville): 1 The AGS4 NZ t trnsfer formt. 2 PDF. 3 Exel spresheet of full test t (not just output results), heke n verifie with errors remove. PAGE 68

71 16. GEOENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY TESTING 16 GEOENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY TESTING 16.1 Qulity ssurne/ Qulity ontrol All nlysis shoul e omplete y Lortory tht hs n pproprite reittion for the prtiulr nlysis selete. Lortories ompleting nlysis of smples shoul lso implement qulity ssurne testing to provie reor of ury or preision. Proeures shoul e onsistent with tht require y the test metho n reors of the qulity ssurne shoul e ville on request Methoology Methoology for nlysis shoul e reognise test metho n the lortory reite to rry out this test Reporting All results shll e presente in ll of the following formts (where ville): 1 The AGS4 NZ t trnsfer formt. 2 PDF. 3 Exel spresheet. PAGE 69

72 17. FACTUAL REPORTING 17 FACTUAL REPORTING 17.1 Qulity ssurne All reports shll e reviewe, pprove n signe y the Geotehnil Professionl. Eh iniviul ore log shll e reviewe, pprove n signe y the Geotehnil Professionl, n ontin suffiient informtion tht the lotion, oorintes, gri system, tum, projet n te n e ientifie from the log without referene to the report Reporting Geotehnil ftul report The ftul report shoul not ontin ny interprettion of the onute investigtion. Interprettion shoul resie in the projet Geotehnil Interprettive Report whih is outsie the sope of this Speifition. Where interprettion is neee to stisfy the rief, eg in the preprtion of geologil mpping, the sis of the interprettion shll e lerly ientifie on the item in question (ie within the report or upon the rwing/mp) in orer tht future uses of the informtion hve ler unerstning of its sis. The Geotehnil Ftul Report shll inlue the following omponents: 1 A rief ftul esription of the purpose n extent of the groun investigtion. 2 Site lotion etils. 3 Numer n type of Explortory Lotions. 4 Nme n ontt etils of the Contrtor(s) unertking the works. 5 Nme(s) of the iniviuls unertking logging n of the Geotehnil Professionl who reviewe the logs. 6 Dte n urtion of the work. 7 Previling wether onitions n ny notle wether onitions prior to investigtions eing onute tht my impt on the results (eg investigtion preee y snow, snow melt, hevy rinfll or rought. 8 Commentry on how the geogrphil o-orintes n level of eh Explortory Lotion ws etermine, n the ury of this survey. For eh investigtion methoology, the report shll provie etils of: 1 Equipment use. 2 Testing methoology. 3 Stnrs opte. 4 Clirtion unertken. PAGE 70