GS Operating ph range : 0 to 14

Transcription

1 GS Description INDION GS is a controed partice size strong base Type 1 anion exchange resin, containing quaternary ammonium groups. It is based on crossinked poystyrene and has a ge structure with high mechanica strength. Appications INDION GS is effective in removing weak acids ike carbonic and siicic acid aong with strong acids. It is recommended for use in two stage/mutipe stage or mixed bed deionising units for producing high quaity demineraised water with owest possibe residua siica. Being a high strength ge resin, it is recommended for use in condensate poishing. It is aso recommended for speciaity non-water appications such as caproactum purification. INDION GS is used in combination with strong acid cation resin INDION 5.. Characteristics Appearance : Transucent pae yeow beads Matrix : Styrene divinybenzene copoymer Functiona Group : Benzy trimethy amine Ionic form as suppied : Choride Tota exchange capacity : 1. meq/m, minimum Moisture hoding capacity : % Shipping weight * : 65 kg/m, approximatey Bead strength : g (avg) Fines Content ( <.4 mm) :.5%, maximum Uniformity co - efficient : 1., maximum Effective size :.5 to.65 mm Maximum operating temperature : 6 C in OH form Operating ph range : to 14 8 C in C form Voume change : C to OH, 5 - % approximatey Resistance to reducing agents : Good Resistance to oxidizing agents : Generay good, chorine shoud be absent * Weight of resin, as suppied, occupying 1 m in a unit after backwashing & draining.

2 This technica iterature describes typica operating data and operating exchange capacities of INDION GS when used in : Two stage de-ionising (co-fow and counter current regeneration). Mutipe stage de-ionising using thoroughfare regeneration Mixed bed de-ionising Typica operating data Two stage/mutipe stage de-ionising Co-fow regeneration Counter current regeneration (CCR) Bed depth m 1. m,minimum Treatment fowrate... 6m /h m, maximum. 6m /h m, maximum. Pressure oss..... Refer Fig. 17 Refer Fig. 17 Bed expansion... Refer Fig. 16 Refer Fig. 16 Backwash.. m /h m for 5 minutes or ti m /h m for 5 minutes or ti effuent is cear effuent is cear * Regenerant Sodium hydroxide ( - 4% w/v) Sodium hydroxide ( - 4% w/v) Regenerant fowrate m /h m m /h m Regenerant injection time minutes minutes Sow rinse.. - bv at regenerant fow rate - bv at regenerant fow rate Fina rinse bv at service fow rate - 4 bv at service fow rate * After set number of regeneration 1bv (bed voume) = 1 m fuid/m of resin

3 Operating exchange capacity Two stage de-ionising The operating exchange capacity of INDION GS in two stage de-ionising system is dependent upon : The regeneration eve empoyed and the composition of water to be treated, specificay the concentration of minera acid anions (SO /EMA, %) 4 The operating exchange capacities are shown as a function of regeneration eve for various percentages of SO /EMA in Figure 1 for co-fow 4 regeneration and in Figure for counter current regeneration. The operating exchange capacities are given in figures 6 & 7 when SiO /TA, is 6 % & 7 % respectivey, for counter current regeneration. Siica content (SiO /TA, %) in water to be treated. Refer Figure and 4 for capacity deduction data to be appied to basic operating exchange capacities obtained form Figure 1 and respectivey. Exhaustion rate The operating capacity data is reated to exhaustion time greater than 1 hours. Figure 5 shows the correction factor to be appied on operating capacity (after capacity deduction for siica content) with exhaustion time for both co-fow and counter current regeneration. Mutipe stage de-ionising Mutipe de-ionising system generay consists of strong acid cation exchanger INDION 5 H in the first stage. This is foowed by a weak base anion exchanger INDION 85, preceded or foowed by a degasser and a strong base anion exchanger INDION GS in series. In such a system INDION GS treats infuent water containing predominanty weak acids ike siica and carbon dioxide. In mutipe stage de-ionising, the regeneration process for weak base anion exchanger and strong base anion exchanger can be conducted in series in the direction of strong base to weak base anion exchanger to improve overa regeneration efficiency. The usefu capacity wi be high and siica eakage wi be ow as the strong base resin receives a the sodium hydroxide required for both exchangers. The regenerant injection is foowed by a sow rinse with water to transfer the residua caustic present in the strong base anion exchanger to the weak base anion exchanger. The method is commony referred to as thoroughfare regeneration. Refer Figure 8 ( cofow ) and 9, 1 (.1 &. ppm siica end point - CCR ) for operating capacities of INDION GS when used in co-fow and countercurrent thoroughfare modes respectivey. Mixed bed de-ionising When used as the anion exchanger in mixed bed de-ionising systems the capacity of INDION GS is independent of the feed water composition and therefore corresponds to the zero curves in Figure 1. No correction for siica content of the Feed water need be made, athough the amount oaded on the resin and hence the voume of water treated between regenerations may need to be adjusted in order to obtain satisfactory siica residua in the treated water (Figure 15).

4 45 4 OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY SO 4/EMA* % Co-Fow Regeneration Figure OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY Counter current Regeneration Figure SO 4/EMA* % *EMA=Equivaent Minera Acidity Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m *EMA=Equivaent Minera Acidity Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY CO-FLOW.5 Capacity adjustment for SiO /TA% Figure 5 OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY CCR.5 Capacity adjustment for SiO /TA% Figure SiO /TA* % SiO /TA* % SO /EMA*% 4 SO /EMA*% 4 TA * =Tota Anions TA * =Tota Anions

5 Treated water quaity Two stage/mutipe stage de-ionising The quaity of treated water from a two stage/ mutipe stage de-ionising pant using INDION GS as the anion exchanger is determined by: Regeneration eve empoyed. Temperature of the regenerant. Leve of sodium ion eakage from the cation exchanger. Siica to tota anion ratio of water fed to the anion exchanger. Sodium ions eaking from the cation exchanger are converted to NaOH as the water passes through the anion exchanger. Capacity adjustment for figure 1 & CAPACITY ADJUSTMENT FOR EXHAUSTION HOURS Figure 5 Each ppm of sodium eakage, expressed as CaCO increases conductivity of the water eaving the anion exchanger by approximatey 5 micro siemens /cm at o C. The vaues for residua siica in the treated water at various regeneration eves and temperatures can be obtained from : Figures 11 & 1 - Co-fow regeneration Figures 1 & 14- Countercurrent regeneration These vaues assume zero sodium sip and for every ppm of sodium eakage as CaCO, the residua siica increases by 15% OPERATING EXCHNAGE CAPACITY CCR SiO /TA= 6% Figure SO 4/EMA% Exhaustion time, hrs End point SiO =.ppm Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m

6 OPERATING EXCHNAGE CAPACITY CCR 4 SiO /TA= 7% Figure 7 OPERATING EXCHNAGE CAPACITY THOROUGHFARE CO-FLOW SiO /TA > 8% & Regn. Temp 5 C Figure 8 8 SO 4/EMA% End point =.ppm SiO Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m End point =.ppm SiO Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m OPERATING EXCHNAGE CAPACITY THOROUGHFARE CCR SiO /TA > 8% & Regn. Temp 5 C Figure 9 8 OPERATING EXCHNAGE CAPACITY THOROUGHFARE CCR SiO /TA > 8% & Regn. Temp 5 C Figure End point =.1ppm SiO Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m End point =.ppm SiO Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m 11 1

7 TREATED WATER QUALITY CO-FLOW Residua siica - regeneration temp. 5 C Figure 11 Regeneration eve kg. NaOH/m TREATED WATER QUALITY CO-FLOW Residua siica - regeneration temp. 4 C Figure 1 Regeneration eve kg. NaOH/m SiO /TA% SiO /TA% TREATED WATER QUALITY CCR Residua siica - regeneration temp. 5 C.8 Figure 1 TREATED WATER QUALITY CCR Residua siica - regeneration temp. 4 C.6 Figure Regeneration eve kg. NaOH/m Regeneration eve kg. NaOH/m SiO /TA% SiO /TA%

8 7 MIX BED DEIONISING Residua siica - regeneration temp. 5 C Figure Regeneration eve kg NaOH/m Residua siica ppm SiO BED EXPANSION Figure 16 PRESSURE LOSS Figure 17 1 Temperature C Temperature C Bed Expansion, % Back wash, m/h Fow rate, m/h

9 Mixed bed de-ionsing A correcty designed and operated mixed bed unit using INDION GS with INDION 5 strong acid cation exchanger resin wi produce treated water with a conductivity of.5 micro siemens /cm or ess. When the mixed bed unit is preceded by two-stage deionising, conductivity of.1 micro siemens /cm is easiy achieved. The siica content of the treated water from a mixed bed unit depends upon the eve and temperature of the regenerant used for INDION GS and the siica oading during the treatment cyce. This oading can be cacuated from the siica content of the feed water and the voume of treated water per cyce. To maintain any desired residua siica eve in the treated water, reference shoud be made to Figure 15. This graph gives the maximum siica oading that INDION GS wi toerate at various regeneration eves indicated to maintain the required residua siica. Typica operating data Mixed bed de-ionising Tota Bed depth Rising space.... Treatment fowrate... Pressure oss... Bed separation Bed settement.... Regenerant... Acid injection rate Down fow... Acid rinse... Down fow.... Akai Injection rate... Upfow Akai rinse Upfow Unit drain down m using INDION GS and INDION 5 resin 75% of bed depth 6 m/h, maximum 1. Kg/cm,maximum 9 m /h m for 1 minutes Aow 5 minutes after separation before commencing injection of regenerant. Sodium hydroxide for INDION GS Hydrochoric acid/suphuric acid for INDION m /h m for 6-1 minutes with -5% w/v acid 1.5 m /h m bv 1.5 m /h m m /h m for 1-15 minutes with -5% w/v akai 4.5 m /h m 4 bv in 1-15 minutes 4.5 m /h m Before re-mixing the resin, the water eve shoud be owered to approximatey.4 m above the bed. Bed remix..... m /minute m oi free air at.4 kg/cm g pressure for 1 Sette bed, refi unit, fina rinse. minutes These operations shoud be carried out in such a way to avoid separation of the two resins. Fina rinse to satisfactory water quaity shoud be effected at the treatment fow rate, or at 4 m /h m, whichever is greater. Tota time required is normay about 5-1 minutes depending upon end point conductivity required.

10 Buetin R16 Use of good quaity regenerants A ion exchange resins are subject to fouing and bockage of active groups by precipitated iron. Hence the iron content in the feed water shoud be ow and the regenerant sodium hydroxide must be essentiay free from iron and heavy metas. A resins, especiay the anion exchangers are prone to oxidative attack resuting in probems such as oss of capacity, resin cumping, etc. Therefore sodium hydroxide shoud have as ow a chorate content as possibe. Good quaity regenerant of technica or chemicay pure grade shoud be used to obtain best resuts. Packing HDPE ined bags 5/5 ts LDPE bags 1cft/5 ts Super sack 1 ts Super sack 5 cft MS drums Fiber drums with iner bags 18 ts with iner bags 7 cft Storage Ion exchange resins require proper care at a times. The resin must never be aowed to become dry. Reguary open the pastic bags and check the condition of the resin when in storage. If not moist, add enough cean demineraised water and keep it in competey moist condition. Aways keep the resin drum in the shade. Recommended storage temperature is between o o C and 4 C Safety Acid and akai soutions are corrosive and shoud be handed in a manner that wi prevent eye and skin contact. If any oxidising agents are used, necessary safety precautions shoud be observed to avoid accidents and damage to the resin. INDION range of Ion Exchange resins are produced in a state-of-the-art ISO 91 and ISO 141 certified manufacturing faciities at Ankeshwar, in the state of Gujarat in India. To the best of our knowedge the information contained in this pubication is accurate. Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. maintains a poicy of continuous deveopment and reserves the right to amend the information given herein without notice. is the registered trademark of Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. CORPORATE OFFICE Ion House, Dr. E. Moses Road, Mahaaxmi, Mumbai 4 11 Te: Fax: E-mai: iei@ionexchange.co.in INTERNATIONAL DIVISION R-14, T.T.C MIDC, Thane-Beapur Road, Rabae, Navi Mumbai 4 71 Te: /47 4 Fax: E-mai: rabcroint@ionexchange.co.in; export.saes@ionexchange.co.in REGIONAL OFFICES Chennai - Te: /91 9 Fax: E-mai: checro@ionexchange.co.in Dehi - Te: /54 E-mai: decro@ionexchange.co.in Kokata - Te: /4 4 E-mai: cacro@ionexchange.co.in Fax: Fax: Vashi - Te: /91 Fax: E-mai: mumcro@ionexchange.co.in BRANCH OFFICES Bengauru Bhubaneshwar Chandigarh Hyderabad Lucknow Vadodara Vishakhapatnam : - Te: E-mai: bngcro@ionexchange.co.in - Te: E-mai: bbsr@ionexchange.co.in - Te: Fax: E-mai: decro@ionexchange.co.in - Te: // Fax: E-mai: hydcro@ionexchange.co.in - Te: / Fax: E-mai: uk.genera@ionexchange.co.in - Te: /9 Fax: E-mai: brdcro@ionexchange.co.in - Te: E-mai: saes.vizag@ionexchange.co.in 41