225 H. Matrix : Styrene divinylbenzene copolymer. Functional Group : Sulphonic acid. Total exchange capacity : 1.8 meq/ml, minimum

Transcription

1 225 H Hydrochoric acid Regeneration Description INDION 225 H is a premium grade strong acid cation exchange resin containing suphonic acid groups. It is based on cross-inked poystyrene and has a ge structure. The resin has high capacity and exceent kinetics. Appications De-ionising INDION 225 H in hydrogen form is used as a first step in de-ionising. Technica data for co-fow and counter current regeneration is given in this iterature. Characteristics Appearance : Goden yeow to brown beads Matrix : Styrene divinybenzene copoymer Functiona Group : Suphonic acid + Ionic form as suppied : Hydrogen, H Tota exchange capacity : 1.8 meq/m, minimum Moisture hoding capacity : % Shipping weight * : 7 kg/m approximatey Partice size range : 0. to 1.2 mm > 1.2 mm : 5.0%, maximum < 0. mm : 1.0%, maximum Uniformity co-efficient : 1.7, maximum Effective size : 0.45 to 0.55 mm 0 Maximum operating temperature : 1 C Operating ph range : 0 to 14 Voume change : Na to H, 8 % approximatey Resistance to reducing agents : Good Resistance to oxidizing agents : Generay good, chorine shoud be absent * Weight of resin, as suppied, occupying 1 m in a unit after backwashing & draining.

2 Appications Two stage de-ionising Two stage de-ionising uses two units in series - the first containing INDION 225 H as cation exchanger and second containing strong base anion exchanger Type I resins such as INDION FFIP/GS 00/810 or Type II resins such as INDION NIP/GS 0/8. Mixed bed de-ionsing When treated water of highest possibe quaity is required, INDION 225 H strong acid cation exchange resin is used with INDION FFIP in a mixed bed unit. A mixed bed is often operated as the ast unit in a de-ionising stream to act as a poisher for producing water of highest quaity. Typica operating data Two stage/mutipe stage de-ionising Co-Fow Regeneration Counter Current regeneration Minimum bed depth 0.75 m 1.0 m 2 2 Treatment fowrate 45 m /h m, maximum 45 m /h m, maximum Pressure oss.. Refer Figure 12 Refer Figure 12 Bed expansion. Refer Figure 11 Refer Figure Backwash 9 m /h m for 5 minutes 9 m /h m ti effuent is cear* Regenerant Hydrochoric acid (4.0 to 5.0% w/v) Hydrochoric acid (2.5 to 5.0% w/v) Regenerant fowrate m /h m 2-18 m /h m 2 Regenerant injection time. 15 minutes, minimum minutes, minimum Sow rinse m /m upto 5/6 injection fowrate 2-m /m at injection fowrate Fina rinse 7.5 m /m at 10 m /h m or at treatment fowrate whichever is higher For 5 minutes at treatment fowrate * After a set number of regenerations

3 Operating exchange capacity Figures 1, 2, and 4 give operating exchange capacity of INDION 225 H when used in co-fow regeneration mode. Operating exchange capacity of INDION 225H in counter current mode depends on : Regeneration eve Akaine content of feed water Sodium content of feed water Active bed-depth Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 give operating exchange capacity and correction factor of INDION 225 H in counter current regeneration mode. Regeneration Co-fow regeneration The concentration of hydrochoric acid used in regeneration is 4-5 % w/v. Counter current regeneration The concentration of hydrochoric acid used in regeneration is 2.5 to 5 % w/v. For acid diution and rinsing, decationised water must be used. To prevent the disturbance of the resin bed during upward acid injection and uprinse, use of down fow of water is empoyed. Aternativey, a downward air pressure can aso be used for the same purpose. Backwashing of compete bed, during every regeneration is not desirabe and ony subsurface wash must be empoyed. Whenever the counter current unit is backwashed, higher than the norma quantity of regeneration has to be used in subsequent injection operation. Thoroughfare regeneration When the akaine hardness is high, use of INDION 26 weak acid cation exchanger preceding INDION 225 H is recommended. In such cases, the regeneration can be conducted first through strong acid cation exchanger, foowed by weak acid cation exchanger. The waste acid from the strong acid cation exchanger is utiised to regenerate the weak acid cation exchanger. This process improves the utiisation of acid and minimises the effuent whie obtaining highest quaity treated water. This process is commony referred to as thoroughfare regeneration. Treated water quaity Leakage of sodium ions in treated water from strongy acidic cation exchanger depends on: Sodium content of feed Regeneration eve empoyed Refer to Figure 10 for eakage characteristics of INDION 225 H in co-fow regeneration mode. The exchange capacities of INDION 225 H in counter current mode of regeneration are shown in Figure 5. These are based on end point of one ppm of sodium sip expressed as CaCO. For sodium sip ess than one ppm, consut us.

4 OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY (Co-Fow) OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY (Co-Fow) Figure 1 Figure 2 Feed (Na + K),% Feed (Na + K),% /0 / Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Ak/TC = 0 Ak/TC = 0. OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY (Co-Fow) OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY (Co-Fow) Figure Feed (Na + K),% Figure 4 (Na + K),% /0 / Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Ak/TC = Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Ak/TC = 1.0

5 OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CCR) Figure CORRECTION FACTOR FOR FEED SODIUM (CCR) Figure Correction Factor Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m % Na/TC 1.1 ALKALINE FACTOR FOR FEED ALKALINITY (CCR) Figure CORRECTION FACTOR FOR BED DEPTH (CCR) Figure Correction Factor Correction Factor % Ak/TC Bed depth - m

6 Mixed bed de-ionsing When used as the cation exchanger in a mixed bed unit, variation with feed water composition in operating exchange capacity is ess than that, in two stage deionising. For practica purposes, feed water may be cassified as Ion exchange softened or demineraised Low ionic oad infuent. In both cases, INDION 225 H may be regenerated with hydrochoric acid of 5% concentration. Figure 9 gives operating exchange capacity when used in a mixed bed unit. Typica operating data Mixed bed de-ionising Tota Bed depth Rising space. Treatment fowrate.. Pressure oss.... Bed separation... Bed settement.... Acid injection rate... Downfow.... Acid rinse.... Unit drain down... Bed re-mixed m using INDION 225 H and INDION FFIP 75% of bed depth 2 m /h m, maximum kg/cm, maximum when using INDION 225 H & INDION FFIP 2 9 m /h m for 10 minutes Aow 5 minutes for separation before commencing injection of regenerants 2-18 m /h m for 6-10 minutes with -5% w/v concentration m /h m 2 m /m in minutes Before remixing the resins, the water eve shoud be owered to approx. 0.4 m above the bed m /minute m oi free air at 0.4 kg/cm pressure for 10 minutes Sette bed, refi unit,... These operations shoud be carried out in such a way to avoid separation of the two resins. Fina rinse to satisfactory water quaity fina rinse 2 shoud be effected at the treatment fowrate, or at 24 m /h m, whichever is greater. Tota time required is normay about 5-10 minutes depending upon end point conductivity required.

7 55 OPERATING EXCHANGE CAPACITY MIX BED DE-IONISING Figure 9 LEAKAGE CHARACTERISTIC (Co-Fow) Figure 10 Feed (Na + K), % 0 45 Leakage % EMA Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Regeneration eve, kg % HC/m Bed expansion % 0 Temp C BED EXPANSION 5 Figure PRESSURE LOSS Figure Back wash, m /h m Fow Rate, m /h m

8 Buetin R00R Use of good quaity regenerants A ion exchange resins are subject to fouing and bockage of active groups by precipitated iron. Hence the iron content in the feed water shoud be ow and the regenerant must be essentiay free from iron and heavy metas. A resins are prone to oxidative attack, resuting in probems such as oss of physica strength. Therefore, the regenerant shoud have as ow chorine content as possibe. Good quaity regenerant of technicay or chemicay pure grade shoud be used to obtain best resuts. Packing HDPE ined bags 25/ ts LDPE bags 1cft/25 ts Super sack 0 ts Super sack 5 cft MS drums Fiber drums with iner bags 1 ts with iner bags 7 cft Storage Ion exchange resins require proper care at a times. The resin must never be aowed to become dry. Reguary open the pastic bags and check the condition of the resin when in storage. If not moist, add enough cean demineraised water and keep it in competey moist condition. Aways keep the resin drum in the shade. Recommended storage temperature is between o o C and C Safety Acid and akai soutions are corrosive and shoud be handed in a manner that wi prevent eye and skin contact. If any oxidising agents are used, necessary safety precautions shoud be observed to avoid accidents and damage to the resin. INDION range of Ion Exchange resins are produced in a state-of-the-art ISO 01 and ISO 101 certified manufacturing faciities at Ankeshwar, in the state of Gujarat in India. To the best of our knowedge the information contained in this pubication is accurate. Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. maintains a poicy of continuous deveopment and reserves the right to amend the information given herein without notice. is the registered trademark of Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. CORPORATE OFFICE Ion House, Dr. E. Moses Road, Mahaaxmi, Mumbai Te: Fax: E-mai: iei@ionexchange.co.in INTERNATIONAL DIVISION R-14, T.T.C MIDC, Thane-Beapur Road, Rabae, Navi Mumbai 0 1 Te: / Fax: E-mai: rabcroint@ionexchange.co.in; export.saes@ionexchange.co.in REGIONAL OFFICES Chennai - Te: / Fax: E-mai: checro@ionexchange.co.in Dehi - Te: /054 0 E-mai: decro@ionexchange.co.in Kokata - Te: /04 0 E-mai: cacro@ionexchange.co.in Fax: Fax: Vashi - Te: / Fax: E-mai: mumcro@ionexchange.co.in BRANCH OFFICES Bengauru - Te: E-mai: bngcro@ionexchange.co.in Bhubaneswar - Te: E-mai: bbsr@ionexchange.co.in Chandigarh - Te: Fax: E-mai: decro@ionexchange.co.in Hyderabad - Te: /02/0 Fax: E-mai: hydcro@ionexchange.co.in Lucknow - Te: /02 Fax: E-mai: uk.genera@ionexchange.co.in Vadodara - Te: / Fax: E-mai: brdcro@ionexchange.co.in Visakhapatnam - Te: E-mai: saes.vizag@ionexchange.co.in : 041