Supplementary Figures

Transcription

1 Supplementry Figures Supplementry Figure 1: SEM imge of sphericlly shped closed cell encpsulted y CMG flkes. CMG segregtes to the oil/wter interfce during emulsifiction, stilizing sphericlly shped emulsion oil droplets tht fter freeze drying will led to cell covered y CMG flkes in the CMG-CNs Supplementry Figure 2: Contct ngle of wter on GO films without () nd with the ddition of PVA (). PVA molecules dsored on GO flkes reduce the contct ngle of wter y 15 indicting chnge of wettility for GO. 1

2 Averge cell size (mm) Oil emulsified (vol%) Mss Loss (%) Shrinkge (%) c Orgnic dditives (wt%) GO-CNs rgo-cns d Orgnic dditives (wt%) GO-CNs rgo-cns 0 Density (mg cm -3 ) Orgnic dditives (wt%) Orgnic dditives (wt%) Supplementry Figure 3: Processing nd structurl chrcteriztion of GO- nd rgo- CNs s function of dditives.. Mximum mount of oil emulsified in the GO-sus in order to get GO-em;. mss loss nd shrinkge of GO-CNs upon therml nneling t 0 C in Ar/H 2 tmosphere; c. Density nd d. Averge cell size (d 50 ) of the resulted GO nd rgo-cns. The orgnic dditives (PVA: sucrose in 1:1 wt%) re dded to the GO-sus with 0.65wt% GO. 2

3 µm c d Supplementry Figure 4: Effect of orgnic dditives sucrose nd PVA on the CMG-CN cell wll topogrphy. GO-CNs produced from suspensions contining 0.65 wt% GO nd 1.2 wt% orgnics, with different proportions of PVA:sucrose: 3:1 (), 1:1 () nd 1:3 (c) or with 5 wt% orgnics (sucrose) (d). Scle r for ll figures in. 3

4 Mss loss (%) y=91-30x GO content (%) Supplementry Figure 5: Mss loss during reduction t 0 o C in Ar/H 2 tmosphere versus proportion of GO in the GO-CNs. GO content with regrds to totl mount of solids, i.e. GO nd orgnic dditives. The liner fit indictes tht 0.91% of the inder is eliminted during the therml tretment. 4

5 Mss loss (%) % wt% - H 2 /Ar 1.2% wt% - Vcuum 0.3% wt% -H 2 /Ar 0.3% wt% -Vcuum Temperture ( o C) Supplementry Figure 6: Proportion of mss loss during therml tretment t different tempertures for CMG-CNs produced with 0.3 nd 1.2 wt% inders. 5

6 Dv (cm 3 nm -1 g -1 ) Dv (cm 3 nm -1 g -1 ) Pore size (nm) Pore size (nm) Supplementry Figure 7: Differentil pore volume distriution on rgo-cns otined y Brret-Joyner-Hlend (BJH) method pplied to desorption isotherms.. Additive-free rgo-cns. The pek t 4 nm results from nitrogen cvittion during the desorption;. rgo- CNs produced with 1.2 wt% dditives. 6

7 Mx stress (MP) rgo-cn- Cycle 1 rgo-cn- Cycle 5 Ni-microlttice- Cycle 1 Ni-microlttice- Cycle E-3 1E-4 1E Density (mg cm -3 ) Supplementry Figure 8: Mximum stress t 50% compression t cycle one nd five (when there is recoverle deformtion) for rgo-cns nd Nickel microlttice 26 s function of mteril s density. rgo-cns of different densities produced with 0 to 5 wt% dditives nd therml nneled t 300 nd 0 C. 7

8 Work done (kj m -3 ) Mx. Stress (kp) Energy loss coefficient (-) Work done y compression Mximum Stress t 50% compression Energy loss coeficient Compressive Modulus E Numer of cycles c µm 20 µm Supplementry Figure 9: Cycling performnce of rgo-cns (6.1 mg cm -3 ) presenting recoverle deformtion.. History of mximum stress, work done y compression, energy loss coefficient nd compressive modulus E for ten compression cycles t 50% strin. -c. SEM imges of recovered cellulr network fter it underwent ten compressive cycles. A microstructurl overview showing the recovered cells nd intct struts (indicted with the rrow) efficiently supporting the djcent cells is shown in. In c. rupture pths within the cell wlls cn e identified (rrows). They tend to e oriented towrds the roughness (wrinkles) present on the cell wll. rgo-cn produced with 1.2 wt% dditives nd therml nneled t 300 C. 8

9 Stress (MP) Stress (MP) 0,006 0,005 Loding, cycles 1, 2, 5 nd 10 Unloding, cycles 1, 2, 5 nd 10 0,10 0,08 Loding, cycles 1, 2 Unloding, cycles 1, 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,001 0,06 0,04 0,02 0, Strin (%) 0, St Supplementry Figure 10: Multicycle compression stress-strin curves of rgo-cn presenting recoverle deformtion of 99 nd 97 % fter the first nd tenth compression cycles. Loding-unloding curves of cycles 1, 2, 5 nd 10 for n rgo-cn with 4.3 mg cm -3. rgo-cn produced y the ddition of 1.2 wt% dditives in the GO-sus nd nneled t 950 C. 9