The Congress of Vienna
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1 The Congress of Vienna
2 Europe in 1812
3 Where did we leave off: Napoleon lost in his a>empt to dominate Europe Now there was a fear of revoluaons starang all over Europe Social Classes divide even more! UrbanizaAon More ciaes
4 The Congress of Vienna (September 1, 1814 June 9, 1815)
5 Overview of the Congress of Vienna ASer Napoleon was exiled for the final Ame, European leaders met in Vienna to come up with a plan for the 19th century. It was a conference when the Monarchs of Europe meet to talk about peace. They had a basic Agenda: Decide what to do with France Figure out how to maintain a balance in power.
6 Why did Europe need a conference? They wanted to go BACK to 1789 (before the French RevoluAon)!!! It s job was to undo everything that Napoléon had done. Supported the resoluaon: There is always an alterna.ve to conflict.
7 Main ObjecAves (BACK) B=Balance in Power European naaons should share power A= A New Map A new map of Europe needed to be drawn Goal=make France weaker C=Conferences of Peace Agreement to meet yearly to discuss how to keep peace in Europe K= Kings Rule! RevoluAonaries Drool! Wanted to restore power to monarchs
8 Congress of Vienna Facts Who Came Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia Goals: Take away any freedoms people had gained Place the ruling families back on the throne Monarchs wanted Peace Why?! Save the monarchies! The Monarchs were afraid of losing power
9 Key Players at Vienna Tsar Alexander I (Rus.) Foreign Minister, Viscount Castlereagh (Br.) The Host Prince Klemens von Metternich (Aus.) King Frederick William III (Prus.) Foreign Minister, Charles Maurice de Tallyrand (Fr.)
10 Key Principles Established at Vienna V Balance of Power V Legitimacy V Compensation e e Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years. France would have to pay an indemnity of 700,000,000 francs.
11 Results of C.O.V.: Balance of Power The C.O.V. resulted in keeping any ONE country from dominaang Europe for 100 years. 2. New PoliAcal Ideals - Birth of ConservaAsm and Liberalism. 3. King in France - A King is put back on the throne in France. 4. Map of Europe - Borders changed throughout Europe
12 Results conanued Principle of IntervenAon A rule established at the C.O.V. that said Monarchs of Europe had the authority to put down revoluaons and restore government. Britain refused to sign though. 6. Concert of Europe The Monarchs at the C.O.V agreed to all conanuously meet every year to talk about how to keep things under control in Europe
13 The Congress of Vienna was a poliacal triumph in many ways. For the first Ame, the naaons of an enare conanent had cooperated to control poliacal affairs. The se>lements they agreed upon were fair enough that no country was les bearing a grudge. Therefore, the Congress did not sow the seeds of future wars. In that sense, it was more successful than many other peace meeangs in history. By agreeing to come to one another s aid in case of threats to peace, the European naaons had temporarily ensured that there would be a balance of power on the conanent. The Congress of Vienna, then, created a Ame of peace in Europe. It was a lasang peace. None of the five great powers waged war on one another for nearly 40 years. Known as Age of Me>ernich.
14 The Containment of France The Congress took the following steps to make the weak countries around France stronger: The former Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic were united to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands. A group of 39 German states were loosely joined as the newly created German ConfederaAon, dominated by Austria. Switzerland was recognized as an independent naaon. The Kingdom of Sardinia in Italy was strengthened by the addiaon of Genoa
15
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17 Europe After the Congress of Vienna
18 What was the legacy of the Congress of Vienna?
19 Long- Term Legacy The conanent- wide efforts to establish and maintain a balance of power diminished the size and the power of France. At the same Ame, the power of Britain and Prussia increased. NaAonalism began to spread in Italy, Germany, Greece, and to other areas that the Congress had put under foreign control.
20 Impact on Today The Congress of Vienna and the Concert of Europe tried to keep the world safe from war. The modern equivalent of these agreements is the United NaAons (UN), an internaaonal organizaaon established in 1945 and conanuing today, whose purpose is to promote world peace. Like the Congress of Vienna, the United NaAons was formed by major powers aser a war World War II. These powers agreed to cooperate to reduce tensions and bring greater harmony to internaaonal relaaons. Throughout its history, the United NaAons has used diplomacy as its chief method of keeping the peace.
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