GEOGLAM RAPP (Rangeland & Pasture Productivity): Context, updates & next steps
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1 Spyglass, QLD, Australia, credits Michael Schaefer CSIRO GEOGLAM RAPP (Rangeland & Pasture Productivity): Context, updates & next steps Alex Held, Flora Kerblat, Juan Guerschman (CSIRO) RAPP workshop ESRIN Frascati (16 & 17 May 2017) LAND AND WATER
2 Dr. Juan Pablo Guerschman RAPP Component Lead GEOGLAM CSIRO 2 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
3 Frascati Workshop Objectives Provide an annual update from RAPP and partners Update on the Global Monitoring system (RAPP Map), Showcase the opportunities for routine use of EU Sentinels and eg new EO technologies (eg hyperspectral sensing ) by GEOGLAM RAPP partners Discuss R&D progress on production of new products (eg. biomass, grassland types and grassland quality) Enhance collaborative work in RAPP by researchers from Europe Gain better understanding on information end-user needs and interests, visualizer functionalities, and opportunities Review the strategic vision for the future (including funding synergies) and linkages to the UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
4 RAPP Workshop in Frascati at a glance Hosted at ESA-ESRIN (many thanks!), Magellan room Tuesday 16, Day : Shuttle departure from Frascati : Registration & opening 10.30: Coffee break and group photo : Lunch 15.00: Coffee break 18.00: Welcome Cocktail at ESRIN ~19.00: Shuttle departure from ESRIN to Frascati centre Wednesday 17, Day : Shuttle departure from Frascati 8.45: Start with day 1 summary 11.00: Coffee break : Lunch 15.15: Coffee break ~16.45: Shuttle departure from ESRIN to Frascati centre 4 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
5 RAPP Workshop in Frascati at a glance More information List of participants (~25-30 people) & agenda distributed Internet access at ESRIN Remote connection available (Webex) Lunch available at the cafeteria (ESRIN) pay cash at the counter Taxi request at the reception (in advance) Contacts for logistics: Benjamin Koetz and Lea Civetta (ESA), Flora Kerblat (CSIRO) 5 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
6 GEOGLAM and RAPP GEOGLAM Strengthen the international community s capacity to produce & disseminate relevant, timely and accurate information and forecasts on agricultural production at national, regional and global scales, through reinforced use of Earth Observations GEOGLAM RAPP Provide the global community the means to regularly monitor the condition of the world s rangelands and pasture lands on a routine basis, and assess their capacity to sustainably produce animal protein in real-time, at global, regional and national levels 6 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
7 Global Rangelands A Source of Food Rangelands: ~70% of Earth s Surface Grasslands Savannas Shrubland Wetlands Deserts 9 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
8 Global Food Security Rangelands: ~70% of Earth s Surface ~1.3 billion (18% of global population) depend on livestock ~40% of global agriculture s GDP Source: Livestock Global Alliance 10 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
9 Food Security Rangelands: ~70% of Earth s Surface ~1.3 billion (18% of global population) depend on livestock ~40% of global agriculture s GDP World s meat consumption will continue to increase But are we sustaining the resource? 11 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
10 Why monitoring rangelands? Land degradation Soil erosion Forage estimation and prediction Drought assessment and monitoring Food security, countries at risk Livestock markets 12 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
11 Rangeland monitoring For who? MAIN USERS International: Global food security, sustainability and global assessments (e.g. AMIS, FAO, Aid Agencies, NGOs) Governments: National statistics, carrying capacity; economic development, trade and market development, food security, environmental protection Regional: Sustainable rangeland/pasture & herd management Local: Farmers, ranchers 16 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
12 GEOGLAM RAPP Components 1. Coordination team Global coordination & Communication Workshops organization 2. Global Information System Rangeland Condition & Anomalies Rangeland Biomass and Productivity 3. National Pilot Sites Representative rangelands and producer countries for product validation, comparison and model parameterization 4. Community of Practice & Outreach R&D and technical experts, livestock producers, national & international governmental officials 17 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
13 RAPP Map map.geo-rapp.org More later with J. Guerschman Web-based tool to visualise and query information on rangeland condition Open Beta release: Spatio-temporal data on vegetation cover, NDVI, rainfall and soil moisture Ancillary layers on land use/ land cover, rangeland types and livestock densities from various sources Easily add new user-provided layers. 18 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
14 Rangeland Condition Monitoring Product Fractional Cover (from MODIS, Landsat, soon Sentinel-2) Vegetation indices based unmixing of photosynthetic vegetation, nonphotosynthetic vegetation and bare soil Based on MODIS or Landsat reflectance Australia, 8-day, 500 meter, 2000-present operational, updated weekly Bare Soil Dry Green From: Guerschman, et. all; Remote Sensing of Environment. 2015; 161(1 1): GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
15 Dynamic Land-use Change Tracking 22
16 Vegetation Cover product Vegetation Cover Anomaly in Rangelands (map produced every month and published on RAPP website and twitter account) 23 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
17 RAPP Pilot Countries RAPP Pilot & Validation Sites Inspired by JECAM A network of sites and institutions for exchanging field and satellite data, comparing algorithms and jointly developing monitoring and reporting tools Facilitate distribution of satellite data and inform CEOS of requirements for rangelands and pastures 24 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
18 Field validation work More later with J. Guerschman Harmonising Field Methodologies and validation within RAPP Joint validation of vegetation cover products Field measurements of similar variables and protocols Australia, Namibia, Argentina, Mongolia Links to UN SDG ? 25 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
19 Data requirements & products for RAPP Remote sensing Global Rangeland vegetation fractional cover time-series (2-weekly composites) MODIS/S-3/VIIRS/GCOM-C Aboveground biomass (Seasonal/Annual) : SAR-derived biomass Sentinel-1, Radarsat Constellation (& other wide-area SAR) - for Model-Data Assimilation Approach Phase-1: Selected pilot sites; Phase-2: Global rangelands Soil Moisture & climatic data SMOS/SMAP & ECVs - global Grassland Types & Nutritional Quality : eg multi-sensor & hyperspectral Phase-1: Selected pilot sites; Phase-2: Global rangelands In-situ data for model validation and parameterization More later with B. Killough (CEOS) 26 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
20 Satellite Data requirements GEOGLAM RAPP informing CEOS on EO requirements for rangeland monitoring Similar requirements for crop monitoring (biomass, cover, phenology) Crop type / rangeland type Crop yield / rangeland cover and biomass Main differences: vegetation structure (rangelands often more complex in shrub, tree cover) species composition and nutritional quality more critical for rangelands Req# Spatial Resolution Spectral Range Primary Missions (future in RED) m VIS, NIR, SWIR, TIR MODIS (1000m) m VIS, NIR, SWIR, TIR km Microwave m VIS, NIR, SWIR, TIR m VIS, NIR, SWIR, TIR m Radar Dual Polarization MODIS (250/500m) Sentinel-3A (500m) Aqua GCOM-W1/W2 Landsat 7/8 (30m) Sentinel-2A/2B (10-20m) Landsat 7/8 (30m) Sentinel-2A/2B (10-20m) Sentinel-1A/1B (C-band) m VIS, NIR, SWIR RapidEye m VIS, NIR, SWIR RapidEye m What? Coarse Resolution (>100m) Moderate Resolution (10 to 100m) Fine Resolution (5 to 10m) Radar Dual Polarization Very Fine Resolution (<5m) How? Sentinel-1A/1B (C-band) Contributing Missions (future in RED) Suomi-NPP (750m) Proba-V (1000m) Suomi-NPP (375m) Proba-V (100/300m) SMOS SMAP ResourceSat-2 (56m) CBERS-4 (20-40m) ResourceSat-2 (56m) CBERS-4 (20-40m) Radarsat-2 (C-band), RCM (C-band), ALOS-2 (L-band) SPOT-6, SPOT-7 CBERS-4 SPOT-6, SPOT-7 CBERS-4 Radarsat-2 (C-band), RCM (C-band), ALOS-2 (L-band) When? Where? Effective observation frequency (cloud free) Sample Type RP Mask RP Calendar Vegetation Cover Vegetation Variables (e.g. NDVI, LAI) Feed Quantity and Growth Rates Quality and Digestibility Environ. Variables (e.g. soil moisture) A B C D E F G Daily Full Country X X X 2 to 5 per week Daily Rangelands Extent X X X X X Rangelands Extent Monthly (min 2 out of season + 3 Rangelands in season). Extent Required every 1- X X 3 years. ~Weekly (8 days; min. 1 per 16 days) ~Weekly (8 days; min. 1 per 16 days) TBD ~Weekly (8 days; min. 1 per 16 days) 10 < 5 m VIS, NIR Pleiades SPOT-6, SPOT-7 TBD Sample X X X X X X X Rangelands Extent or Sample Rangelands Extent X X X X X X Sample X X X X X Monthly Sample X X X Rangelands Extent Rangelands and Pastures (RP) Requirements Types 11 < 5 m VIS, NIR Pleiades SPOT-6, SPOT-7 Monthly Sample X X X Table produced by CEOS SEO and RAPP teams, August 2016 (inputs and discussions from RAPP workshop in South Africa) X 27 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
21 GEOGLAM RAPP Communication & Outreach Global coordination, communication & outreach Brochures updated for RAPP events Website regular updates: News/events, Products (vegetation cover anomaly) Pilot sites updates Interactions with GEOGLAM team (website, CEOS Ad-hoc team, GEO) Quarterly newsletter: new format distributed via Mailchimp and available on RAPP website Regular mailing with pilot sites PoC Twitter 31 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
22 GEOGLAM Community of Practice RAPP international workshops & meetings Group photo, RAPP workshop, Brazil (Campinas) July 2015 Field trip USDA workshop, Iowa by Peter Scarth Group photo, RAPP workshop, South Africa (Pretoria) June GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
23 Future activities For last discussion session (Day 2) Work Plan/Road Map for 2018 and beyond including: Improvement & development of the RAPP Map Continuation & expansion of field validation campaigns: global methods? Other countries to be included? Early Warning System for Rangelands? R&D activities: Modelling (linkages with climate, CO2 emissions, animal health), Radar & hyperspectral technologies UNSDGs: how to support the process? Commercial sector s involvement (agribusinesses, insurance?) Keep collaborating with GEO/GEOGLAM/JECAM/CEOS at various scales: Participation to meetings (ex GEOGLAM IT in June) & teleconferences Reinforce national connections in country members (research centres, universities, space agencies) Global coordination & Outreach: call for additional co-leads in Americas and Europe? 33 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
24 Next Steps: Global Grassland Growth, Standing Biomass & Livestock Productivity Preliminary C-Store Model Output- Annual grass GPP from (Source: R. Donohue, CSIRO , pers. communication) 35 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
25 Modelling opportunities for RAPP Current forage-livestock modelling activities Remote sensing data C-store Grass biomass availability Herd model Protein availability from grazing animals Remote sensing data C-store Grass biomass availability for G-range calibration G-range Pasture and herd management options Grass biomass availability Herd model Protein availability from grazing animals Baseline scenario Management scenarios Mario Herrero s team, CSIRO Agriculture (Brisbane), GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
26 Modelling opportunities for RAPP Next steps in modelling for RAPP Refine relationship between biomass and animal performance include forage quality impacts, e.g. forage types, digestibility, N content explore link between LAI and relative intake Refine full herd model Link mortality and calving rates to forage availability/quality and live weight gain Include additional production systems, species, environmental impacts Dairy, Small ruminant, GHGs Scale up from case study sites to region and globe 37 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
27 RAPP in support of the UNSDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) Various GOALS, TARGETS and INDICATORS: Goal 2: Food Security Goal 6: Water issues (drought ) Goal 13: Climate action (carbon emissions) Goal 15: Life on Land (land degradation with the indicator ) Existing work (international working groups): GEO: EO4SDGs initiative collect information within GEO and work with the UN entities: => GEO/CEOS Report incl. case studies and how EO data can help monitoring the UNSDGs CEOS: new ad hoc team on SDGs to support GEO and promote spatial activities around SDGs CSIRO: commissioned to produce a guidance method document on (Land degradation) for UNCCD ABS/CSIRO (Australia) collaboration to use EO data More on SDG session (Day 2) 38 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
28 Thank you! Contact us: Websites: Newsletter: please join our mailing list on RAPP website! 39 GEOGLAM RAPP: updates and future directions - May 2017
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