Nectarine Year-Round IPM Program Annual Checklist

Transcription

1 Nectarine Year-Rund IPM Prgram Annual Checklist Supplement t UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Nectarine These practices are recmmended fr a mnitring-based IPM prgram that enhances pest cntrl and reduces envirnmental quality prblems related t pesticide use. Water quality becmes impaired when pesticides and sediments mve ff-site and int water. Air quality becmes impaired when vlatile rganic cmpunds (VOCs) mve int the atmsphere. Each time a pesticide applicatin is cnsidered, review the Pesticide Applicatin Checklist at the bttm f this page fr infrmatin n hw t minimize water quality prblems. This year-rund prgram cvers the majr pests f nectarines. Details n carrying ut each practice and infrmatin n additinal pests can be fund in the guidelines. Track yur prgress thrugh the year with the annual checklist frm. All pht identificatin pages and example mnitring frms can be fund nline at: Drmant/delayed-drmant seasn Mitigate pesticide usage t minimize air and water cntaminatin.**. Apply fungicide treatments as needed accrding t PMGs: Peach leaf curl Sht hle disease Manage rchard flr vegetatin: Survey weeds and keep recrds (example frm available nline). Manage weeds with pre- r pstemergent herbicides r nnchemically in rganic rchards. Mw any resident vegetatin very clse t grund. Make an il treatment fr scales and Eurpean red and brwn mite eggs. If yu saw increasing damage frm scales last year, take a drmant sht sample t see if an insect grwth regulatr shuld be added t the il treatment. Treat peach twig brer and bliquebanded leafrller with envirnmentally sund material r delay treatment until blm. Other pests yu may see: Fruittree leafrller egg masses Armillaria rt rt Vles Pcket gphers Stink bugs Tree brers

2 Nectarine Year-Rund IPM Prgram Page 2 f 4 Blm seasn perid (green tip t petal fall) Mitigate pesticide usage t minimize air and water cntaminatin.** Put ut phermne traps fr: Oriental fruit mth (February 15) Omnivrus leafrller (February 20) San Jse scale (February 25) Check traps and keep recrds (example frm available nline). If using mating disruptin fr riental fruit mth, place dispensers in rchard after first mth is caught but n later than March 5. Examine flwer clusters and leaves fr: Western flwer thrips Katydids Peach twig brer Fruittree leafrller Obliquebanded leafrller Mnitr fr ther pests, including stink bugs and plant bugs, as well as knwn invasive pests (sptted wing drsphila, light brwn apple mth). When rainy cnditins prmte disease, time fungicide treatment accrding t PMGs: Brwn rt at 20 t 40% blm and full blm. Jacket rt treatment at full blm. Pwdery mildew treatment at petal fall. Scab, if rchard has a histry f this disease. Mnitr fr diseases: Rust Sht hle Mnitr twig cankers beginning late March. Treat with fungicide if needed accrding t PMG. Fruiting structures in leaf lesins as lng as weather is wet. Manage if needed accrding t PMG. Observe the rchard fr vertebrates and manage as necessary: Gphers Grund squirrels Other pests yu may see: Armillaria rt rt (ak rt fungus) Bacterial canker Phytphthra crwn and rt rt

3 Nectarine Year-Rund IPM Prgram Page 3 f 4 Fruit develpment perid (petal fall t harvest) Mitigate pesticide usage t minimize air and water cntaminatin.** Put up phermne traps fr: Peach twig brer (March 20) Obliquebanded leafrller (April 15) Cntinue t mnitr fr western flwer thrips thrugh jacket drp. Mnitr sht strikes fr damage frm riental fruit mth and peach twig brer. Keep recrds (example frm available nline). Manage if needed accrding t PMGs. If wet weather persists, cntinue t mnitr fr rust: Manage if needed accrding t PMG. If rchard has a histry f scab: Treat 3 weeks after full blm. Treat again 2 weeks later if scab was severe the previus year. Take sweep samples in rchards and adjacent crps and weedy areas, beginning frm early April t early June fr: Plant bugs (Lygus and Calcris). Katydids. Stink bugs. Manage if needed accrding t PMG. Sample fruit damage every ther week after clr break. Mnitr pwdery mildew and treat if needed accrding t PMG. Manage rchard flr: Survey weeds and keep recrds (example frm available nline). Spt treat weeds if needed accrding t PMG. Mnitr spider mites frm late April thrugh August: Fr best evaluatin, cnduct tw 5-minute searches and recrd results (example frm available nline). Manage if needed accrding t PMG. Select leaf samples in late June thrugh July t analyze fr nutrients. Pay particular attentin t nitrgen, ptassium, and sme f the micrnutrients such as zinc and brn. Take 60 t 80 mid-sht leaves frm mderately vigrus fruiting shts. If rain is predicted during the last 4 weeks befre harvest, treat fr ripe fruit rt. Other pests yu may see: Armillaria rt rt Bacterial canker Phytphthra rt and crwn rt Peach silver mite Black peach aphid Scab Verticillium wilt Tree brers

4 Nectarine Year-Rund IPM Prgram Page 4 f 4 Harvest Mitigate pesticide usage t minimize air and water cntaminatin.**. Mnitr fr ripe fruit rt and treat if rain is predicted. Take a harvest sample t determine pest damage (example frm available nline).. Pstharvest Mitigate pesticide usage t minimize air and water cntaminatin.** In early harvest rchards cntinue t watch fr: Sht strikes t determine if riental fruit mth ppulatins are building. Webspinning spider mites Remve fruit remaining in trees t reduce brwn rt inculum and prevent sht death. If surface water runff is an issue, particularly near waterways, cnsider the use f cver crps r resident vegetatin.

5 Nectarine Year-Rund IPM Prgram Page 5 f 4 **Pesticide applicatin checklist When planning fr pssible pesticide applicatins in an IPM prgram, review and cmplete this checklist t cnsider practices that minimize envirnmental and efficacy prblems. Chse a pesticide frm the UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines fr the target pest cnsidering: Impact n natural enemies and hneybees. Ptential fr water quality prblems using the UC IPM WaterTx database. (Fr mre infrmatin, see Impact n aquatic invertebrates (Fr mre infrmatin, see Pesticide Chice, UC ANR Publicatin 8161, Chemical mde f actin (based n efficacy, spectrum f activity, and pesticide resistance). Select an alternative chemical r nnchemical treatment when resistance risk is high. Befre an applicatin: Chse applicatin prcedures that keep pesticides n target. Identify and take special care t prtect sensitive areas (fr example, waterways r riparian areas) surrunding yur applicatin site. Review and fllw label fr pesticide handling, strage, and dispsal guidelines. Check and fllw restricted entry intervals (REI) and preharvest intervals (PHI). After an applicatin: Recrd applicatin date, prduct used, rate, and lcatin f applicatin. Fllw up t cnfirm that treatment was effective. Cnsider water management practices that reduce pesticide mvement ff-site. (Fr mre infrmatin, see UC ANR Publicatin 8214, Reducing Runff frm Irrigated Lands: Causes and Management f Runff frm Surface Irrigatin in Orchards, Limit irrigatin t amunt required using sil misture and evaptranspiratin (ET) mnitring. (Fr mre infrmatin see UC ANR Publicatin 8212, Understanding Yur Orchards Water Requirements, Install an irrigatin recirculatin r strage and reuse system. Cnsider the use f cver crps. Cnsider vegetative filter strips r ditches. (Fr mre infrmatin, see Vegetative Filter Strips, UC ANR Publicatin 8195, Install sediment traps. Use plyacrylamide (PAM) tablets in furrw irrigatin r sprinkler irrigatin systems t imprve sil infiltratin and prevent ff-site mvement f sediments. Redesign inlets and utlets int tailwater ditches t reduce ersin. (Fr mre infrmatin, see UC ANR Publicatin 8225, Reducing Runff frm Irrigated Lands: Tailwater Return Systems, Cnsider rchard flr management practices that imprve sil structure and reduce ersin. (Fr mre infrmatin, see UC ANR Publicatin 8202, Orchard Flr Management Practices t Reduce Ersin and Prtect Water Quality, Cnsider practices that reduce air quality prblems. When pssible, chse pesticides that are nt in emulsifiable cncentrate (EC) frmulatin, which release vlatile rganic cmpunds (VOCs); this is especially imprtant frm May t Octber. VOCs react with sunlight t frm zne, a majr air pllutant.