Renewables in Germany Power from the People Dr. Josef Pesch

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1 fesa GmbH

2 Renewables in Germany Power from the People Dr. Josef Pesch Managing Director fesa GmbH, Freiburg Vice-Chair Baden-Württemberg Germany Wind Energy Association

3 Agenda Intro: Japanese Women are Football World Champions a lesson in determination 1. State of Renewables in Germany 2. Motivation: the roots of the movement Wyhl => critical mass Tschernobyl => women s concerns Wind Power => farmer s self-reliance 3. Legislative Framework 4. Freiamt: 180% renewables of power consumption 5. Japan can do it

4 Share of Renewables in German Power Consumption: >20% Government Target for 2010: 12,5% / Reality 17% Government Target for 2020: 20% / Reality: 20% now Our Target for 2020: 50% - or more?

5 Turnover of German Renewable Energies Industry in Billion

6 Employment in Renewables in Germany: 367,000 (2010)

7 Motivation Part I Wyhl: first nuclear power plant not built (25 km from Freiburg) 1975: beginning of the end for nuclear power Opposition from activists and farmers! BUND (German friends of the earth) Öko-Bank Öko-Institut Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) Eco-Architecture Green Party => We have more renewables than we need, but decentralised. => Renewables require a decentralised approach.

8 Motivation Part II: Reality hits: Tschernobyl 1986 Radiation comes to Germany from 2,100 km. Vegetables and Milk are contaminated. Mushrooms and wild boar still contaminated 25 years later. Mothers do not know what to feed their children. Officials are completely disoriented. One mother wants nuclear free electricity. The energy monopolist cannot guarantee this. She is housewife and mother of four: Ursula Sladek. She starts an energy saving campaign. With other locals she initiates a successful campaign to buy the local electricity grid. EWS Schönau now is one of four eco power suppliers in Germany. And growing fast! 2011: EWS supplies 115,000 customers with eco power.

9 Ursula Sladek receives Goldman Environmental Prize ( Green Nobel Prize )

10 Motivation III: Wind Power: Farmers Self-Reliance First turbines in the early 80ies with 30 kw. Small group of activists with many farmers found German Wind Energy Association. Orientation on Danish model (Feed-In Tariff). No help from German Government (just research funding) first feed-in tariff (anti-monopoly law). 2010: Some German States have >40% wind power (and no black outs). Quelle: BWE

11 First Feed-In Law in Germany (1990; complete version!)

12 Technological Development of Wind Turbines Die Technik Mal mehr Energieertrag seit 1980 Quelle: BWE

13 State of the Art in Wind: Enercon E MW juwi Holding AG

14 Installed Wind Energy Capacity 27,214 MW (2010)

15 Export of German Wind Industry 2009: 75% Export Quota

16 Motivation IV: We can do this ourselves fesa Association founded by citizens in 1994 Motto: We know what to do, but we still have to do it and if we join forces, we can move renewables. Citizens Participation Projects fesa (and partners) Solar, Wind, Hydro, Wood, Efficiency, Energy Saving (Status end of 2010) Installed Capacity: Production 2010: Prediction for 2011: > 47 MW 62 GWh (2000: 2 GWh) > 62 GWh Total Investment ( ): > 65 m Equity raised ( ): > 22 m

17 fesa GmbH fesa e.v roof of stadium SC Freiburg 93.6 kwp ca. 90,000 kwh/a 158 shareholders fesa GmbH 2006 Freiburg Solar B kwp >400,000 kwh/a 80 shareholders

18 It is impossible to generate all the electricity we need locally from renewables. This is a completely utopian idea. Head of regional county council in 2000 We can do this ourselves. Local Farmers & People of Freiamt We need utopias... people who see beyond the moment, and think beyond the day. Oscar Wilde

19 Freiamt (population 4.300) is one of these utopian places. Total Electricity Consumption: 10,000,000 kwh Local electricity production 2001: hardly any (small hydro) Local electricity production 2011: 18,000,000 kwh - small hydro - five wind turbines (2001: 3.6 MW 2002: 1.8 MW / 2005: 2 MW 2011: 2 MW) - two biogas plants (2002 & 2006) - lots of solar Now Freiamt exports appr. 8,000,000 kwh/a Total production: 180% of consumption! All communities must become like Freiamt!

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21 Freiamt: Mix of Renewables Wind, Solar, Small Hydro, Biogas 180% of the locally consumed electricity (170% from wind energy) all photos fesa GmbH

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23 100% renewables! What action must we take now to ensure that our children will have a secure and affordable energy supply?

24 100% Renewables for Japan: A utopian idea? Japan s electricity production (2009): 1,115,100,000,000 kwh Wind turbine Enercon E cf 46% (4,000 hrs) 30,000,000 kwh 37,200 turbines will produce 1,116,000,000,000 kwh => 100% renewables for Japan is no problem. To move this, an innovative support system is required: Feed-In Tariff (or minimum price law) Priority and free access to grid for renewables Priority in Planning for Renewables

25 IPCC advises: Hurry up. Stern tells us: If we invest now, costs will be lower. We need a fire brigade approach to renewables! Fire Engines are allowed to go up a one-way street in the wrong direction! jump all red lights! ignore any speed limit! Renewables are the fire brigades in climate change and sustainability.

26 100% Renewables for Japan: Can Japan do it? Japan has a strong engineering tradition. Japan is known as the Empire of the Sun. Can it become the Empire of Solar Energies? If you have the determination of the Japanese Women Soccer Team you can become World Champion of Renewables! For this the government must enable local people to produce renewable energies by legislation & good financial support structures. If you enable people, you will be surprised by the dynamics!

27 Solar energy use in Iida City Iida City Iida City Almost 30 percent of housing stocks are equipped with sun heat collectors. Renewable Energies in Kyushu

28 Thank you. If you have questions, do not hestitate to contact fesa GmbH Wippertstr Freiburg Germany => pesch@fesa-gmbh.de