Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR. District Planning Committee. Gautam Buddha Nagar (Uttar Pradesh)

Transcription

1 [ Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR District Planning Committee Gautam Buddha Nagar (Uttar Pradesh)

2 [ Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR District Planning Committee Gautam Buddha Nagar (Uttar Pradesh)

3 Executive Summary CONTENTS PARTICULARS PAGE No. Chapter -1 Introduction 1-6 Chapter -2 Agriculture Profile Uttar Pradesh 7-28 Chapter -3 Farm Profile Of The District Chapter 4 Constraints, Potential, strategies and vision for farm sector Chapter -5 Proposed Programme In Crop Sector A Agriculture 1. Soil Management and Land Use Project Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System Management of Sulphur status in soils in intensive agriculture system to maintain sulphur availability of plants Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories 2. Adoption of Organic Farming System 3. Efficient Use Water Resources and Management Adoption and Promotion of Precision Farming Techniques through Microirrigation. Demonstration cum training of ridge and furrow system of paddy cultivation for increasing water use efficiency and ecofriendly cultivation 4. Seed and Planting Material Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstrations Units at Gram Panchayats Level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for Improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) 5. Technology Dissemination Customized Farmer Trainings and Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center $ (IFTC) at District Level Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centres i-viii

4 B Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) Publication and mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICT Training and demonstration of Integrated Pest Management in major crop tp decrease the pesticide load in food chain Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management in Major Crop to decrease the reduce the yield loss Farmers Training for Seed Production at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Farmers Study Tour within and outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture 6 Agri-clinic at block level for field crop advice and plant protection centre 7. Farm Mechanization Establishment of farm mechanization centers at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy loss of Human resources Horticulture A. Programme for Small and marginal farmers and women Empowerment Promotion of Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables Demonstration & Supply of Healthy Nursery Raising in vegetable crops Development of nutritional kitchen garden for Balanced Nutrition at Village Level and Involvement of women in Horticulture B. Entrepreneur Development Programmes Promotion of commercial floriculture Incentives for establishing Backyard Mushroom Units Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization GLOBAL GAP Vegetables Production C. POST HARVEST & AGRICULTURE MARKETING Improvement & Development of Facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce Value addition to Horticultural Produce through establishment of grading and packaging houses Chapter - 6 Summary of Crop Sector Chapter - 7 Proposed New Programme in Livestock Sector A Animal Husbandry Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to Provide Balanced Nutrition to Cattle

5 B C D Dairy Strengthening of Animal Insemination Centres Improvements of cattle Poultry development Goat and piggery development Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Programme for Quality and Hygienic Milk Production Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units Mini Milk Processing Unit Dairy Training Workshop for Women Fishery Development Demonstration and Training of Fish Culture Planting, monitoring and evaluation of DAP. Annexure- 1 Summary of Livestock Sector 89 Annexure- 2 Matrix for Convergence Opportunities in District Gautam Buddha Nagar Annexure- 3 List of on going projects in district Gautam Buddha Nagar Annexure- 4 Copy of approved Letter from District Planning Committee 97-99

6 Executive Summary Concerned by the slow growth in the Agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council (NDC) in its meeting held on 29 th May, 2007 resolved that agriculture development strategies must be reoriented to meet the needs of the farmers. The NDC in its resolution advised the State Governments to prepare Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) that will fully utilize available resources and will include allied agriculture sectors. C-DAP, Gautam Buddha Nagar is an innovative way to draw up plans for agriculture sector more comprehensively, taking agro-climatic conditions, natural resource issues and technology into account, and integrating livestock, poultry and fisheries more fully. Accordingly, the C-DAP for district Gautam Buddha Nagar has been prepared. Gautam Buddha Nagar district lies in western Uttar Pradesh. The total area of district is 1442 sq km, supporting a population of lakh with a density of 766 persons per sq km against state average of 689. The district is surrounded by Bulandshahr, Ghaziabad and Delhi. The district has four blocks viz., Bisharakh, Dadri, Dhankaur and Jewar. The two blocks are predominantly agrarian with about 80% of the geographical area under cultivation and shows potentials for agricultural growth. Net sown area of the district is about 1.16 lakh ha and gross cropped area is 1.33 lakh ha. The cropping intensity is about 114 %. The annual rainfall of the district is 1282 mm. The area under irrigation is 72.3 thousand ha; tubewell being the main source of irrigation (38 thousand ha) followed by wells (21861 ha) and canals (12105 ha). The principal crops grown in the district are wheat, paddy, potato, oilseeds, pulses and sugarcane. Wheat and paddy is the main food grain crop of the district in which wheat occupies about 55.71% of the net cropped area. The other rabi crops are vegetables (11%), barley, pulses and oilseeds (33%). However, in kharif about 60 % area is sown with crops such as paddy (23%), maize, millets and pulses. Major horticultural crops grown in this area are vegetables, mango, guava, papaya and aonla. Gladiolus, marigold and tube rose are also cultivated. The livestock sector of the district comprises of cows, buffaloes, sheep, goat i

7 and pigs. The total population of cow and buffalo in the district are and respectively. The estimated annual milk production of the district is around lakh litre. The poultry population of the district is around with an estimated annual egg production of around lakh eggs. The population of sheep, goat and pig in the district are 4168, and 8177 respectively. The major problems in agriculture growth of the district are deficiency of micronutrients in the soil adversely affecting crop yield. The soil of entire region is poor in organic carbon. The farmers are unaware to newly developed technologies including the use of high yielding hybrid variety seeds and efficient water management system. Various interventions are proposed in Chapter-5 of the plan to improve agriculture sector. For soil and land use management, the programmes proposed are: use of green manures to improve soil health, establishment of integrated nutrient management, strengthening of soil testing lab and adoption and promotion of organic farming. For the efficient use of water for irrigation, programmes like promotion of precession farming through micro irrigation and demonstration cum training of ridge and furrow system for paddy cultivation have been proposed. Other interventions included are production and supply of good quality high yielding variety of hybrid seeds to improve seed replacement rate (SRR), technology dissemination including customized farmers training with the use of information communication technology, establishment of integrated farmers training centre, establishment of Agri-knowledge centre and training on IPM and weed management. To educate farmers about newer technology farmers study tour has also been proposed. Provision has been made for the establishment of farm mechanisation centre to provide farm machinery to farmers on hiring basis. To increase productivity and profitability of horticulture sector, various specialized programmes have been proposed in C-DAP, including protected cultivation of vegetable crops, demonstration and supply of healthy nursery, development of kitchen garden, besides mushroom cultivation, bee keeping and floriculture. Interventions on post harvest facilities, marketing and value addition to horticulture produce through grading and packaging houses have also been ii

8 proposed. As far as livestock sector is concerned interventions included are production of green fodder seeds, strengthening of artificial insemination centres, genetic upgradation of cattle, development of poultry, goatery, piggery and establishment of livestock disease surveillance system, production and processing of quality and hygienic milk and establishment of milk chilling units. The total cost of the projects proposed in C-DAP of the district Gautam Buddha Nagar is Rs lakh. The details of the project plan is given in Appendix-I. iii

9 Appendix- I DISTRICT AGRICULTURE PLAN OF GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR AT A GLANCE (OUTLAY AND YEARWISE ALLOCATION) (Rs. in lakh) S. No. Name of Programme Outlay 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year I AGRICULTURE SOIL MANAGEMENT AND LAND USE PROJECT Enrichment of Organic Carbon Content Using Green Manuring Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories ADOPTION OF ORGANIC FARMING EFFICINT USE OF WATER RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT 3 Adoption and Promotion of Precision Farming Techniques through Micro Irrigation Demonstration cum training of Ridge and Furrow system of Paddy cultivation for increasing Water use efficiency and Eco friendly Cultivation iv

10 SEED AND PLANTING MATERIAL 4 Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstration Units at Gram Panchayat Level Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) 5 TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION Customized Farmers Training and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Centers (IFTC) at District Level Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centre at block level Knowledge Dissemination at Field level by SMS Publication and Mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICT Training cum Demonstration of Integrated Pest Management in major crops Training and demonstration of Weed management in Major Crops v

11 Farmers training and demonstration at KVK Farmers study tour within and outside the state AGRI-CLINIC AT BLOCK LEVEL FOR FIELD CROP ADVICE AND PLANT PROTECTION CENTRE FARM MECHANIZATION Establishment of Farm Mechanization Centres at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy Loss of Human Resources B HORTICULTURE Programme for Small and Marginal Farmers and Women Empowerment Promotion of protected Cultivation of Vegetables Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery raising in Vegetable crops Development of Nutritional Kitchen garden for balanced Nutrition at Village Level and involvement of women in Horticulture ENTREPRENUER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES vi

12 Promotion of Commercial Floriculture Incentive for establishing Backyard Mushroom Units Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization Global G.A.P. vegetable production (including certification and residue analysis) POST HARVEST AND AGRICULTURE MARKETING Development of Facilities for marketing of Agriculture Produce 3 Improvement and creating of new market facilities for marketing of Agriculture Produce Value addition to Horticulture produce through Establishment of Grading and Packaging Houses II. Sub Total LIVESTOCK SECTOR A. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to provide balanced nutrition to Cattle Strengthening of Artificial Insemination Centre vii

13 Improvements of Cattle Poultry Development Goat & Piggery Development B. DAIRY Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Programme for Quality & Hygienic Milk Production Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units Mini Milk Processing Units Dairy Training Workshop for Women C. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT III. Demonstration and Training of Fish Culture PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF DAP TOTAL GRAND TOTAL viii

14 Chapter - 1 INTRODUCTION The impact of the farm sector on the socio-economic fabric of the country can be realized from the fact that still sixty percent population of the country depends upon this sector for their livelihood. The sector contributes around 18.5 percent of the GDP. While the Indian economy had been growing at a rate of 6 percent per annum since 1993, the growth rate has increased to 9 percent during the last four years. This is in stark contrast to the growth rate of the agricultural sector which had witnessed sharp deceleration during the period of last one decade. The sectoral growth rate plummeted from a 3.62 percent per annum during the period of to to less than 2 percent in the subsequent period of to Agricultural growth was slightly above two percent during , yet much lower than the targeted growth rate of 4 percent. In brief, Indian agriculture is in crisis and the growth rate is not keeping pace with the growth rate of the other sectors of the economy. To address this vital issue, the concept of Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) has emerged with the basic objective of grass root planning depending upon the felt need of the people covering entire farm sector. Planning and development process in India is constitutionally a state subject and central government's role is restricted to formulating policy guidelines and providing financial resources for the sector. The basic principle of planning is to rely on the people who are the end user. The planning should be for the people, by the people and of the people, rather than the planning by the policy makers and administrators. In order to prepare a developmental plan, it is necessary to assemble a profile of the district. This will lead to an understanding of the development perspectives of the district vis-à-vis the Vision of growth in different sectors and related milestones. The SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is a strategic planning method which is often used in planning process through identification of the attributed that are helpful streamlining the agricultural development programme of a district, the attributes that may limit in 1

15 achieving the objectives of development, the internal attributes that are helpful in supportive to achieve the objective and finally the external attributes that may cause damage to the objective. The Agricultural Planning Units should broadly follow the SWOT analysis as the central tool for developing the document. Agriculture Planning requires much of technical support from experts in agriculture and allied sectors. Therefore, Agriculture Planning Units [District Agriculture Planning Unit (DAPU), Block Agriculture Planning Unit (BAPU), Village Agriculture Planning Unit (VAPU)] and at different levels of local bodies need to be constituted involving a group of experts from various disciplines relevant to the needs of the area. These units should assist the Panchayat Raj Institutions. A vision document needs to be prepared based on collective imagination for wellbeing of local community through realizing the potential for agricultural growth. The vision for development of agriculture should flow from the collective aspiration of all the stakeholders of the area. Schemes and programmes operating in the area are not necessary only basis for preparation of the vision document. Vision should also be supported by the strategy of the plan. The objective of the district planning is to design an integrated participatory action plan for the development of local area in general and agriculture and allied sectors in particular. The objective of comprehensive district agriculture plan (C-DAP) is to evolve an action plan for achieving sustainable agricultural growth with food security that will improve farmers income. It must be ensured in the process that in the plan is based on agro-climatic conditions, availability of technology, trained manpower and natural resources; the local needs and priorities in agriculture and allied sectors are reflected; productivity gaps in all such sectors are reduced and returns to the farmers are maximized; leading to quantifiable qualitative changes in agriculture and allied sectors. METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING COMPREHENSIVE - DISTRICT AGRICULTURE PLANS STEP I Primary data was collected through participation of stakeholders through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools, conducted at Nyaya Panchayat and 2

16 block level. Strategic Research and Extension Plans (SREP) prepared by Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) of the district were also consulted. Information collected from district offices of the line departments was integrated with the results of PRA and SREP. I. Formation of Three tier Planning Unit; a. District Agriculture Planning Unit (DAPU) b. Block Agriculture Planning Unit (BAPU) c. Village Agriculture Planning Unit (VAPU) These three units have been constructed using the local representatives of that particular area and trained them to make the format and gathering the information. II. Resource Mapping 1. Manual by format designing and approval a. Development of format to gather information on grass root level covering agriculture and allied sector along with entire social, economical and developmental information of the block/village/ district. b. Survey by block/village resource person at block/village level to gather information on available resources and make them use in the planning process. 2. Use of information technology in Resource Mapping a. Use of innovative software for transmitting field data direct from field to on line monitor b. Data Capturing: Providing village & block resource persons with mobile hand sets carrying e-forms for capturing and transmission of data c. Use of mobile hand sets for sending data from field to central computer 3. ICT enabled service was also used for transmission of the results of PRA Surveys. III. Financial Mapping The resources available for the development of district under different central sector and states schemes were also considered and the funds available was tried to be converged along with new intervention to get visible effect and real 3

17 development. STEP - II Based on PRA, primary data and secondary data, the district profiles of individual districts were prepared. The core committee of experts, along with field officers of the line Departments from the districts analyzed the data and identified the constraints and potentials in the existing agricultural potential pattern of the district. Based on the SWOT analysis, vision for each district was developed and the strategies to boost farm production and profitability of farmers for each district were worked out. a. Formulation of new interventions based on the constraints, potential, vision and felt need emerged from PRA and PRI approach along with the discussion and meetings conducted Integrated approach to be followed for development of district b. The plan has been developed by involving farmers and line department of the district. The plan has been emerged from the bottom-up approach depending upon the local need and the people aspiration. STEP III Programmes both in crop sector and livestock sector were developed for obtaining holistic growth of farm sector as per the information gathered at various level of planning units (DAPU, BAPU and VAPU) of each district and its convergence with resources available from central sector schemes such as NREGS, BRGF and other central/state sector schemes was assessed. The plan Collect reliable data Identify sources Capacity building & handholding of PCs, Analysis and APUs & others Interpretations List needs, Prioritize & action points Formulation of projects Development Plan Fin. Requirement & sources Delivery mechanism 4 Monitoring & evaluation System

18 documents were consulted for knowing the targets fixed for farm sector growth. Each programme was discussed in detail by the panel of experts, garm pradhan and line department officials before its inclusion in the Comprehensive-District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP). Although financial requirements are also given in each of the proposed projects, these were adjusted depending upon the size of the district, number of blocks in the district and other relevant specific features, constraints and potentials that exist. The report so prepared has been arranged in the following chapters: District Agriculture Profile Constrains, potentials, strategies and vision for farm sector of the district Proposed major programmes in crop sector i. Crop Husbandry including Horticulture ii. Irrigation water management iii. Rain water harvesting, conservation and its use iv. Women Empowerment v. Entrepreneur Development vi. Village Artisen vii. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources viii. Agriculture Marketing and Cooperation ix. Food Storage x. Soil and Water Conservation xi. Rural Infrastructure xii. Technology Dissemination to farmers Summary of crop sector Proposed major programmes for the district in livestock sector i. Dairy Development ii. Poultry development iii. Goat and piggery sector iv. Fisheries development v. Livestock disease surveillance and quick alert system Summary of livestock sector Details of the ongoing scheme and budget allocation Budget summary of the Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan at a glance Convergence Opportunities STEP IV District-wise modification as well as fine tuning of Comprehensive-District Agriculture Plans in consultation with Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI). STEP V 5

19 The plan developed was discussed with the members of ATMA and officials of line departments for final planning process. Comprehensive-District Agriculture Plan was discussed, amended and approved by ATMA before its presentation and approval by District Planning Committee (DPC), the final approving authority of C-DAP. 6

20 Chapter 2 AGRICULTURE PROFILE UTTAR PRADESH Amongst all the states of India, Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of farm holdings i.e. over 20 million, spread across varied agroclimatic conditions and soil types. Agriculture is the most crucial sector for economic development of the state. It contributes the highest share of about 33% to the total income of the state. A vast majority of the population in the State relies mainly on Agriculture for its livelihood. The State has significant bearing on the Agricultural performance at the national level. It produces about one fifth of the total food grains in the country, which is the highest among all states. About one third (34.71%) of all wheat produced in the country comes from Uttar Pradesh. Similarly around 45% (44.62%) of the country's sugar cane is produced in Uttar Pradesh. Evidently the State s agriculture has a paramount role to play in the food production and food security of the country. The contribution of U.P. in the total production of the country in respect of major crops is given in Table

21 Table 2.1: Contribution of Uttar Pradesh to the Production of Some Agriculture Commodities, Name of Crops Production in Lakh tons Contribution of U.P. % India U.P. Total Food grain Rice Wheat Jowar Bajra Maize Total Pulses Gram Arhar Lentil Total Oilseeds Groundnut Rapeseed/Mustard Sunflower Sugarcane Potato Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.1. Agro climatic zone wise proportion of districts The state is divided into nine zones. The detailed coverage of districts is given in Table

22 Table 2.2: Agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, S.N Agro Climatic Zone Tarai and Bhabar Western Plain Mid Western Plain South Western Central Bundelkhund North East Eastern Vindhyan Districts Saharanpur (58%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (10%), Bijnor (79%), Moradabad (21%), Rampur (40%), Bareilly (19%), Pilibihit (75%), Shahjahanpur (6%), Khiri (39%), Bahraich (47%), Shravasti (71%) Saharanpur (42%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (90%), Meerut, Bagpat, Gaziabad, Gautam Buddhaa Nagar, Buland Shahar Bareilly(81%), Badaun, Pilibihit(25%), Moradabad (79%), Jyotibaphule Nagar, Rampur (60%), Bijnor (21%), Agra, Firozabad, Aligarh, Hathras, Mathura, Mainpuri, Etah Shahjahanpur (94%), Kanpur Nagar, Kanpur Dehat, Etawa, Auraiya, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Lucknow, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Khiri(61%), Fetehpur, Allahabad (58%), Kaushmbi Jhansi, Lalitpur, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, Kushi Nagar, Basti, St. Kabir Nagar, Siddhartha Nagar, Gonda, Baharaich(53%), Balrampur, Shravasti (29%) Azamgarh, Mau, Balia, Pratapgarh, Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Barabanki, Sultanpur, Varanasi, Chandauli, Jaunpur, Gazipur, St.Ravidas Nagar (86%) Allahabad(42%), St. Ravidas Nagar (14%), Mirzapur, Sonebadhra Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Note: Percentages in parentheses indicate the portion of district falling in respective agro-climatic zone Productivity Status of Agro-Climatic Zones, Productivity of different crops in different zones pertaining to the year is indicated below. 9

23 Cereals The average productivity of food grains in the state is quintals per Ha and in case of cereals; it is Q/Ha. The food grains productivity varies in different agro-climatic zones from Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to Q/Ha (in western plain zone). Similarly in case of cereals it varies from Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to Q/Ha (in western plain zone). The zone-wise details are presented in Table 2.3. Table 2.3: Zone-wise Productivity of Cereal Crops, S. N. Zones Food grains Total Cereals (Q/ha) Rice Wheat Jowar Bajra Maize 1 Tarai & Bhabhar Western Plain Mid- Western Plain 4 South West.Semi-Dry 5 Mid-Plain/ Central Bundelkhand North Eastern Plain 8 Eastern Plain Vindhyan Uttar Pradesh Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Pulses The average productivity of pulses is 7.25 Q/Ha in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 6.57 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 8.09 Q/Ha (in mid central plain). The zone-wise details are presented below in Table

24 Table 2.4: Zone wise Productivity of Pulses in (Q/ha) S. No. Zones Total Pulses Arhar Gram Pea Lentil Urd 1 Tarai & Bhabhar Western Plain Mid- Western Plain South West. Semi-Dry Mid-Plain/ Central Bundelkhand North Eastern Plain Eastern Plain Vindhyan Uttar Pradesh Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Oilseeds \ The average productivity of Oil seeds is 8.36 Q/ha in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 3.74 Q/Ha (in bundelkhand zone) to Q/Ha (in south-western semi dry zone). The zone wise details are presented below in Table 2.5. The target for average annual growth rate of agriculture sector during the 10 th Plan was 5.1 percent. However, the achievement was only about 2 percent. A lower growth rate of this order is indicative of the fact that there was something missing in the efforts and strategies for agriculture development. The past growth rates in the agriculture sector show that the state achieved a growth rate of 5.7 percent during the Fifth Plan. Thus, the State has potential for achieving much higher growth in this sector. It is in this background that a growth rate of 5.7 percent has been envisaged in agriculture sector during Eleventh Plan. 11

25 Table 2.5: Productivity of Oil Seeds, (Q/ha) S. No. Zones Total Oilseeds Rapeseed/ Mustard 1 Tarai & Bhabhar Western Plain Mid- Western Plain South West. Semi-Dry Mid-Plain/ Central Bundelkhand North Eastern Plain Eastern Plain Vindhyan Uttar Pradesh Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh As per Agriculture Census, there is a predominance of marginal and small farmers in the State, small farmers and marginal farmers account for 76.9 % and 14.6% of the total holdings respectively. This group of small and marginal farmers own 61.2% of the total land area. Average size of holding is only 0.83 ha. per farmer. However, the average size of holding of marginal farmers is 0.40 hectare Land Use Pattern The land use pattern ( ) in the State has been indicated in the Table 2.6. The total cultivated area of the state is lakh ha. And the gross cropped area is lakh ha. The cropping intensity in the state is 153 %. The area sown during rabi is more as compared to area sown in kharif. The area under sugarcane which is an annual crop is 0.38 lakh ha. 12

26 2.4. Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) Seed is one of the most vital inputs responsible for higher production and can contribute 10 to 15 percent increase in production. The seed scenario in U.P. during the Tenth Five Year Plan Period has been quite encouraging in case of cereals especially paddy and wheat. An encouraging trend has been noticed in the Seed Replacement Rate also during the Tenth Five Year Plan which is evident from the Table 2.7. The recommended seed replacement rate in case of self pollinated crops is 25%. In case of hybrids e.g. maize, bajra etc and in case of cotton where Bt hybrids have been released, the replacement should be total. As such the SRR, in case of almost all the crops needs improvements. Table 2.6: Land Use Pattern, (lakh ha) S. No. Particulars Uttar Pradesh 1 Reporting Area Forest Barren Land Non Agri. Use Culturable Waste Pastures Misc. Trees etc Current Follow Other Follow Net Area Sown Area Sown more than Once Gross Cropped Area Cropping Intensity Kharif Rabi Zaid Area Under Sugarcane (annual crop) Gross Cropped Area

27 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Table 2.7: Crop-Wise Seed Replacement Rate during 10 th Five Year Plan S. N. Name of Crop 10 th Plan Target of ( ) (%) (%) (%) (%) Paddy Maize Bajra Jowar Urd Moong Arhar Groundnut Til Soyabean Sunflower Cotton Kharif Wheat Barley Gram Pea Lentil Rai/Sarson Toria Linseed Rabi Annual Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh (%) 2.5. Soil Health, Consumption of Fertilizers It has been observed that soil health has deteriorated sharply during 14

28 the last few years. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea along with chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Hence restoring soil health has emerged as a major challenge before the farmers and the State. The State Government is taking steps to check the rapid deterioration in soil health in several areas. Although use of chemical fertilizers is very low in comparison to agriculturally advanced neighbouring states like Haryana and Punjab and it is even below the national average, yet consumption of chemical fertilizers is increasing constantly and there is an imbalance in their usage which has caused the deterioration in soil health. The recommended fertilizer use in terms of NPK ratio is 4:2:1. When the nutrients are supplied to the field in the ratio of 4:2:1, maximum productivity is obtained. The pattern of fertilizer consumption in the state shows that the NPK ratio is gradually narrowing. During the ratio was 25.2: 7.6: 1. It has tapered down to 10.7: 4.0: 1.0 indicating the efforts at balanced use of fertilizer (Table 2.8). Table 2.8: Consumption of Fertilizers in 10th Five Year Plan Year Consumption (kg/ha) NPK Ratio N P K : 5.1 : : 5.0 : : 4.0 : : 4.25 : :4.0:1.0 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.6. District-wise Status of Irrigation The state average of irrigated area is 79% but there is a wide variation in 15

29 districts. The district wise irrigated area varies from 29% to 100%.The districts have been categorized in different slabs indicating the extent of irrigation as presented in Table 2.9. Table 2.9: Irrigation status of different districts of U.P., S. No. Slab No. Name of Districts 1 90 % and above 22 Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Bagpat, Mathura, Shahjahanpur, Aligarh, Hathrus (100%), Firozabad, Mainpuri, Etah, Bareilly, Badaun, Pilibihit, Kannauj Moradabad, Ajamgarh, Lucknow, Faizabad, Ambedkernagar, Chandauli.Gaziabad, % 23 Bulandsahar, Bijnor, J.B. Fulenagar, Rampur, Farrukhabad, Etawa, Auraiya, Pratapgarh, Varanasi, Gazipur, Jaunpur, S. Rabidasnagar, Mau, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, S. Kabirnagar, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Sultanpur, Barabanki % % 9 6 G.Buddhanagar, Kanpur Dehat, Allahabad, Lalitpur, Balia, Khushinagar, Khiri, Gonda. Kanpur Nagar, Fetehpur, Kaushmbi, Jhansi, Basti, Siddharthnagar % 6 Less than 50 % 2 Jalaun, Mirzapur, 8 Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot (29%), Hamirpur, Sonbhadra, Balrampur, Baharaich, Shravasti. Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.7. Agriculture Extension Dissemination of technical knowledge is a very important task. Agriculture Universities and other agencies are involved in the development of new techniques for the benefit of farmers in improving crop production. The knowledge of such techniques has to be transferred to the farmers who are the ultimate users. Through agriculture extension, this information is being disseminated to the farmers. For this purpose, Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMAs) has been set up in 32 districts of U.P. and it is 16

30 proposed to cover the entire state in the near future. ATMA provides a strong platform for convergence of all extension activities for holistic development of agriculture sector. ATMA has proved to be an effective medium of extension where programmes have been prepared in consultation with stake holders and implemented with their participation Horticulture Uttar Pradesh has diverse agro-climatic conditions and with its vast agricultural & natural resources, it is facilitating production of various food crops like fruits, vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants etc. The state is fourth in the country with a cultivated area of Lakh hectares under vegetables. The state accounts for 16% of India's total population and produces 15% of the country's vegetables i.e Lac ton. UP ranks the second largest producer of vegetables among all states. Major vegetables are potato and peas (leading state), sweet potato (second among states), cabbage (sixth among states). U.P. contributes 40-45% of the potato production of the country. Similarly, UP ranks third in production of fruits among all states in the country. Major fruits grown in the state are Mango (leading state in India in terms of production), Guava (ranked fourth in India), Banana and Litchi. The overall productivity of fruits in the state is tons/ha against national average of 11.9 tons per hectares. The important spices produced in Uttar Pradesh are onion (sixth among states), turmeric, chili, garlic, fennel, fenugreek and coriander. Nearly 72% of the total population of the state is engaged in cultivation, out of which approximately 80% farmers are in the small and marginal category. To boost the required horticultural development in the state different schemes / programmes under state / centrally sponsored schemes are being implemented. There is a good scope for vegetables and fruit production in the state, especially quality production through organic farming. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period ( ), the growth rate of this sector has been fixed at 10%. To achieve this growth rate, the department is implementing various developmental schemes i.e. introduction of new 17

31 varieties of fruits, adoption of hybrid varieties of vegetables and spices of high quality, adoption of new horticultural techniques, production of European vegetables, adoption of new techniques to increase production of flowers and medicinal plants, establishment of high-tech model nurseries, apiculture, mushroom cultivation, establishment of distillation units for flowers and medicinal & aromatic plants, onion stores units and the establishment of semi-processing and processing units in the state. Recently organic farming has caught the fancy of the farmers and thus effort needs to be encouraged for production of chemical free fruits and vegetables with a provision of reliable traceability in order to improve nutritional security of the country Sugarcane Sugarcane is another important crop in the State. Almost half of the total sugarcane area in the country is in Uttar Pradesh. About 30 percent sugar production in the country is contributed by the State, yet at 58.2 tonnes per hectare, productivity is much below the all India average of 66.9 tonnes and average sugar recovery is almost 75 percent of all India average. Major challenges facing the sugarcane sector in U. P. are (i) Limited availability of water for irrigation; (ii) Depletion of soil fertility; (iii) Increase in the prices of fertilizer herbicides and pesticides; (iv) Price escalation of petroleum products; and (v) Limited availability of farm labor. The state is implementing intensive Cane Development Programmes including improved seed production programme, Soil and Seed treatment, and Ratoon management Animal Husbandry Uttar Pradesh has a livestock population of lakh heads excluding poultry per 2003 Animal census. The cow population stands at lakh heads which comprises lakh crossbred and lakh indigenous breeds. Likewise, the State has lakh buffaloes. Sheep population stands at just lakh. Although sheep wool constitutes the most important raw material for the carpet industry in the State, yet its 18

32 population is showing a declining trend. Similarly, the goat population is just lakh although it is called the poor man s cow. There are only lakh pigs the most proliferate, low input and high output animal and its population is also decreasing over the years. Poultry population is also meager at just lakh birds although the State is a major consumer of poultry products. Further, virtually no growth has been recorded in poultry population in the State. Out of lakh cattle & buffaloes in the State, there are only about lakh breedable animals. Out of lakh breedable cows and buffaloes, only lakh (68 percent) are milching animals. Table 2.10: Livestock population in the State Livestock Population (000) Percent Category Increase/Decrease Crossbred cattle Indigenous cattle Total cattle Buffaloes Total Bovines Sheep Goats Pigs Camels Others Total Livestock Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Total poultry population in the state is about million birds. Over the period of 10 th plan, fowl population has decreased by around 3.5 per cent the total poultry by 3.3 per cent in the State. Ducks and other birds have shown an increase of 2.5 per cent during the period - over 60 per cent of them comprising indigenous fowls in the backyards of rural households. 19

33 Poultry production in Uttar Pradesh consists of two distinctly different streams: the organized poultry industry made up of exclusively of commercial hybrid birds and the backyard system with indigenous fowl in the rural areas. Organized poultry industry in UP is stagnant and over half of the eggs and poultry meat consumed in the state is imported from States as far away as Andhra Pradesh and some from neighbouring Punjab and Haryana. While the state s neighbouring States (Punjab and Haryana) have a successful and flourishing poultry industry and account for nearly 40 per cent of the table eggs and broiler import into the State, UP itself has lagged far behind in organized egg / broiler production. Overall Uttar Pradesh stands 1 st in milk production, 5 th in wool production, 7 th in egg production and 1 st in meat production in the country Livestock Production The livestock of the state contributed to the State s economy by producing lakh metric tonnes of milk, lakh eggs, lakh kg wool and lakh kg meat in Uttar Pradesh is the largest milk producing state in the country since last many years. Per capita availability of milk in U.P. is 290 gm while the national average is 245 gm/day against the minimum requirement of 280 gram per day per capita as recommended by ICMR. Yet, there is good scope for breeding of cows, especially cross-bred cows for increasing productivity and production of milk Meat Production The state also plays a vital role in meat production in the country. Uttar Pradesh is the largest meat exporter in the country with the exports worth Rs.200 crores. Meat production status of U.P. is given in Table Table 2.11: Milk Production in U.P., Category / Animal Total milk production (lakh Litres) Percentage Contribution Buffalo Cow

34 Goat Total Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Table 2.12: Meat Productivity and Production in U.P., Category / Av. meat productivity Total meat production Percent Animal (Kg. /animal) (lakh Kg) contribution Buffalo Goat Sheep Pig Total Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Availability of Fodder The state has negligible pasture facilities, inadequate green fodder and concentrate feed availability. Only about 4 per cent of agricultural land is under fodder crop production. Fodder requirement & production status is given in Table There is, thus a dire need for improving the productivity of fodder crops and expansion of area under green fodder. For this purpose the fodder seed production facilities in the State need strengthening. Table 2.13: Requirement and availability of fodder, Commodity Requirement Availability Deficit Deficit (Lakh MT) (Lakh MT) (Lakh MT) (%) Green Fodder

35 Dry Fodder Compounded Feed Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Fisheries Importance of aquatic resources in our economy is well recognized. The need for protective food production has assumed vital importance. Hence, use of aquatic resources for developmental purpose such as aquaculture and fisheries at par with the terrestrial resources for agriculture and animal husbandry, has attracted considerable attention in recent years. As a result of intensive efforts, aquaculture has become one of the fastest growing food production sub-sectors over the past two decades in India. Distribution (percentage) of aquatic resources of Uttar Pradesh is detailed in Table Table 2.14: Aquatic Resources in the U.P., Resource Percentage Rivers &Canals 62% Large & Medium Reservoirs 12% Ponds 14% Lakes 12% Total 100% Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh The Eleventh Five Year Plan ( ) has laid down the monitorable targets for fisheries sector (Table 2.15) and the salient features of this programme are as under: Growth rate to be increased from 7.4% to 13%. 22

36 Enhancement of productivity from 2.8 t/ha/yr to more than 4 t/ha/yr. Increase in total annual fish production from 2.90 lakh ton to 5.32 lakh ton. Increase in seed production capacity to get about 150 crore standard fingerlings from present 120 crore. Diversifications of fish culture activities for a variety of aquatic products e.g. prawn, catfish, ornamental fish The table 2.15 gives year wise details of physical targets during 11 th Plan Resources Available Through Convergence In view of the resource crunch, loan assistance from NABARD under RIDF is being obtained since with the condition of their utilization in three years from the year of sanction. Further, Central Loan Assistance under Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) is also being provided by Government of India for early completion of the on-going projects, on which substantial expenditure has already been incurred. At present, as per modified guide lines for the accelerated irrigation benefits programme effective from December 2006, the central assistance will be in the form of central grant which will be 25% of project cost. The balance cost of the project as the state s share is to be arranged by the state government from its own resources. Table 2.15: Annual Physical Targets during Eleventh Five Year Plan S.No. Activity Pond area lease (ha) Improvement and construction of ponds (ha) 3 Fish seed production (crore) 4 Establishment of hatcheries (No.) Seed rearing units Training of fishermen (No.) 7 Fish productivity (kg/ha/yr)

37 8 Fish production (lakh ton) Organization of coop. societies Fish development through cooperatives (ha) 11 Development of water logged area (ha) Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Major and medium projects as well as Extension, Renovation & Modernization (ERM) of irrigation projects are categorized for assistance as (a) having investment clearance of the Planning Commission (b) are in an advanced stage of construction and can be completed in the next four financial years (c) are not receiving any other form of financial assistance. Components of the projects not receiving any other form of financial assistance can also be considered for inclusion in the programme Minor Irrigation Ground Water Department is the nodal organization at the State Level, entrusted with the responsibilities of survey and investigation for the assessment of ground water resources and assisting the user departments in the ground water development, management, augmentation, conservation & regulation of ground water resources of the state covering 820 blocks. The proposal for 11 th Five Year Plan ( ) was formulated considering the problem arising out of indiscriminate use of ground water, its declining trend & developing scarcity areas. Keeping in mind, the ground water regime (quantitatively and qualitatively) problems arising out of overexploitation, causing declining ground water level and water logging, soil degradation due to shallow water table and excessive use of chemicals in the fields, the programmes of ground water development are being planned/proposed in such away, so as to provide permanent and sustainable solutions to the ground water problems in the State. The following ground water survey programmes are proposed to be carried out during financial year Detailed specific programmes and financial requirements are summarized below- 24

38 Ground water Resource Estimation and Strengthening of Ground water survey: Monitoring of Ground water Level on hydrograph stations network (Observation well / Piezometer) Construction of Piezometers Estimation of Ground Water Resource Micro Study in Over Exploited / Critical Blocks Quality Assessment / Monitoring of Ground Water Procurement of Drilling, Survey and Monitoring Equipments Rain water harvesting: In this scheme Roof top rain water harvesting, ponds and percolation tanks will be constructed for study purpose on model basis. Inter departmental co-ordination for monitoring and implementation of Rain Water Harvesting / Recharging activities in the State. Impact assessment of rain water harvesting/recharging activities and schemes on ground water regime (ground water level and quality) are to be carried out. An outlay of Rs Lakh is proposed for this work Construction of Shallow Tube-Well for Small/Marginal farmers: The major interventions/ facilities for construction of tube wells provided Free Boring Scheme is given in Table The salient features of scheme are: Construction of Medium Deep Tube-Well in alluvial areas of State where water bearing strata is between 31 to 60 metre. Construction of Deep Tube Well for deep and difficult areas of state having water bearing strata deeper than Sixty metre. Construction of Blast Well /Deepening of Well in rocky areas. Boring by In well Rig/Wagon Drill in rocky areas. Artesian Well Scheme (Mainly for Jalaun Distt.) Ground Water Recharging/Check dam Scheme in which 25

39 Renovation of Ponds and construction of check dam is included. Table 2.16: Status of facilities provided for minor irrigation works, S.N. Name of Works Eligibility Criterion Free Boring A- Boring Small/ Marginal Farmer Average of project cost Rs. 8000/- B- Pump set (5 Hp) Rs. 18,000/- Medium Tube Well Farmers of All Categories Deep Tube Well Artesian Well Blast Well Boring by In well Rig Machine Deepening of Well in Rocky Area Surface Pump set (Rocky area of Bundle khand & Allah bad District) Construction of Check dam Renovation of Tank Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Rs Lakh Rs Lakh Rs. 12,000/- Rs.1.20 Lakh Rs. 50,000/- Rs. 122/- per hole Rs. 20,000/- Community Work Rs Lakh. Community Work Rs Lakh Detail of Subsidy Provided 1- General Category (1) Small Farmer 3000/- (2) Marginal Farmer 4000/ 2- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 6000/- 1- General Category (1) Small Farmer 2800/- (2) Marginal Farmer 3750/- 3- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 5650/- 50% cost of the Tube well with maximum Rs /- & for water distribution system of cost with 50% maximum Rs /- Total Rs. 85,000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs lakh. 50% cost, maximum Rs. 5000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 50,000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 7500/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 20/- per hole. 25% cost, maximum Rs. 3000/- Cent percent Subsidy. Cent percent Subsidy 26

40 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Availability of Ground Water: As per available data Zone-wise ground water recharge, exploitation and stage of development in different regions of the state is given in Table Although overall water balance situation appears to be positive yet, 37 blocks at present are over-exploited, 13 blocks are critical and 88 blocks are semi-critical and 675 blocks are in safe categories as per stage of ground water development. The available ground water balance in the State is 2.13 million hectare-meter (M ha-m) and out of this 1.95 M ha-m is available for irrigation purposes. Table 2.17: Annual Ground water balance in U.P., S. No. Zone Ground Water Recharge (M ha-m) Ground Water Exploitation (M ha-m) Balance Ground Water (M ha-m) Stage of Development (%) 1 East West Central Bundelkhand Total * 69 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Irrigation Potential Created: The irrigation potential from Minor Irrigation works at the start of 1 st five year plan was only lakh ha. As per 3 rd Census of Minor Irrigation Works Conducted by Govt. of India in the base year , the actual irrigation potential created through Minor Irrigation Works came to lakh hectares. The position expected at the end of 10 th Five Year Plan, after taking into consideration the depreciation of minor irrigation works at 1% as per 3 rd Census of Minor Irrigation works, is given in Table 2.18 which brings out that the State has made considerable progress through various five year plans and the 10 th plan provided a boost to the development efforts; yet, there remains a tremendous scope for 27

41 further development in every sub-sector of the agriculture sector including crops, horticulture, animal husbandry and pisciculture. The eleventh plan effort based on district level development plans is envisaged to boost the sectoral growth significantly. Table 2.18: Irrigation potential of U.P. S. No. Year Irrigation Potential Created (Lakh ha) Depreciation 1%) Net Irrigation Potential (Lakh ha) Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Over All Thus the state has made considerable progress through various five year plans and the 10 th plan provided a boost to the development efforts; yet, there remains a tremendous scope for further development in every subsector of the agriculture sector including crops, horticulture, animal husbandry and pisiculture. The eleventh plan effort based on district level development plans is envisaged to boost the sectoral growth significantly. The district Agricultural development plan for district Gautam Buddha Nagar are, therefore, drawn for the state for consideration of the Planning Commission for the assistance under Additional Central Assistance Scheme (Rashtriya 28

42 Krishi Vikas Yojna) in the following pages of the document. Chapter - 3 FARM PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT Gautam Buddha Nagar district lies in Western Uttar Pradesh. The total area of district is 1442 sq. km, supporting a population of lakh with a density of 766 persons per square km against state average of 689. The district separated from Ghaziabad district is surrounded by Bulandshahr, Ghaziabad and Delhi. The district has four blocks viz., Bisharakh, Dadri, Dhankaur and Jewar. Although Gautam Buddha Nagar is fast emerging as very advanced industrial district of U.P. And net sown area has been shrinking, yet agriculture and allied activities continues to be quite prominent. The two blocks are predominantly agrarian with about 80% of the geographical area under cultivation and shows potentials for agricultural growth. Net sown area of the district is about 1.16 lakh hand gross cropped area is 1.33 lakh ha. The cropping intensity is about 114 %. About 37 percent of land holdings are less 29

43 than 1 ha in size covering 11% of the area. The district is endowed with good soil. The principal corps in the district are wheat, paddy, potato, oilseeds, pulses and sugarcane. District offers good scope for development of horticulture due to its suitable climate and nearness to Delhi market. Gladiolus cultivation is popularizing which has export potential by imparting training and arranging supply of planting material. As per the latest Data available, the total number of Holdings in the district is18355, out of which (61.88%) holdings covering an area of only about 9348 ha (27.36% of total), those belong to small and marginal farmers and the remaining belong to bigger farmers. Table 3.1: Gautam Buddha Nagar District Profile at a Glance S.No. Item Characteristics/Item Value/Quantity/Numbers 1 Area 1.1 Geographical area (Sq km) Forest (ha) Net sown area (000 ha) Arable and unused (ha) Fallow Land (ha) Usar not fit for agriculture(ha) Land not available for cultivation (ha) Others(ha) Administrative 2.1 No of blocks No of villages/ inhabited 373 villages / 343 inhabitated 2.3 No of villages with potable water

44 supply 3 Rainfall (mm) Agro-climatic region and zone Upper Gangetic plains 5 Population (,000) Male (000) Female (000) Population(,000) Urban (,000) Rural(,000) Population below proverty line Population density thousand families 766 / Sq km 6 Literacy in thousands Male Female Nationalized bank branches Regional Rural Banks Cooperative Banks Cooperative and Village Development 3 Bank Total Cultivators household/cottage industries Agricultural labourers Industrial and others Irrigation (ha) 9.1 Net irrigated area (ha) 72, By channels (ha) 12,105 31

45 9.3 By wells (ha) 21, Tube wells (ha) 38, Chemical fertilizers ( kg / ha) Agriculture support facilities 11.1 Seed/fertilizers/pesticides depots Mandis (No.) Rural markets Food grain godowns 8(38400MT) 11.5 Cold stores Agro service centers 7 12 Dairy animals 12.1 Cows 31, Buffaloes 2,72, Sheep/goat/pigs 4,168/18,176/8, Poultry birds 22,811 Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan ( ), National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Table 3.2: Distribution of Operational Holdings Farm size ha Operational holdings Area operated Number % ha % Up to Above

46 Total Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan ( ), National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Dev. Predominant Economic Activities Prevalent in the District Small Scale and Heavy Industries Agriculture Dairy Agro processing Major Food, Commercial And Plantation/Horticulture Crops Wheat, Paddy, Maize, Sugarcane, Pulses and Vegetables Table 3.3: Block wise details of area (ha) under different crops, 2006 S.N. Block Paddy Wheat Barley Pulses S.cane Maize Bajra Potato 1 Dhankaur Jewar Bisarakh Dadri Total , Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.4: Crops, Area,Production and Productivity of the district, S. No. Crop Area (ha) Production (MT) Productivity (MT/ha) 1 Wheat 64,627 2,06, Paddy 26,928 53, Pulses 3,448 3, Sugarcane 3,166 1,99, Oilseeds 1, Maize 3,723 5, Bajra 6,019 8, Potato 156 2, Barley ,

47 10 Sorghum , Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.5: Area,Production and Productivity of the horticultural crops in the district, S. No. Crop Area (ha) Production (MT) Productivity (MT/ha) 1 Mango Guava 132 3, Papaya Aonla Other fruits Vegatables 12,484 29, Onion Chilli Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.6: Block wise Fertilizer Disrtibution in the district, Block Nitrogen Phosphorus Potash Total Dankaur Jewar Bisarakh Dadri Total Rural Total Urban

48 Total District Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. THE MAIN CROP Wheat and Paddy are the main food grain crop of the district.and major horicultural crops grown in this area are mainly vegetables, mango, guava, papaya and aonla. But only vegatables occupies signification cultivation area. All other horticultural crops are having very few acrage. But gladiolus, marrigold and tube rose cultivation is popularising due to higher returns. MARKETING Gautam Buddha Nagar is the food grain, pulses, vegetables and fruits producing district of U.P. At the time of harvesting season of the crops/fruits/vegetables, there is a glut in the market and farmers do not get the remunerative prices of their produce. With a view to help the farmers in getting remunerative prices of their produce some storage facilities in the form of rural godowns, cold stores, market yards etc. are needed in the rural areas so that they may store their produce in the rural godowns/cold stores and sell the same when the price rise to desired level. At present, there are 2 cold store int the district. 3.2 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, DAIRY, POULTRY AND FISHERIES Dairy activities are being undertaken in the district as a subsidiary occupation. Out of 1.98 lakh cultivators, about 70 % are either small & marginal and there are 0.66 lakh agriculture labourers as well. They are unemployed or underemployed for a substantial period of the year and dairy provides sustenance to them during lean period. And there is a good market for milk in neighbouring Delhi region. The cow and buffalo population of the district has been and respectively. The estimated annual milk production of the district is around lakh litres which works out to 205 gms per person per day as against the per capita availiablity of 24.7 gms per 35

49 person per day at national level. There are 19 fledged veterinary hospitals, 15 livestock service centres and 35 artificial insemination centres in the district. Poultry has good potential in the district due to good local demand for egg and meat & proximity to Delhi which has large market for poultry products. The poultry population of the district is around and an estimated annual egg production of around lakh eggs which provides 1.38 eggs per person per annum as against the per capita availability of 40 eggs per person per annum at national level. The population of sheep, goat and pigs in the district was (as per 2003 census) 4168, and 8177 respectively. Development of pisciculture can be an important source of supplementary income to the farmers.the activity is highly profitable proposition and there is good market in Gautam Buddha Nagar as well as in Delhi. Average production per ha is 1.5 to 2 MT. The number, area and production of the fish is given here: Table 3.7: Ponds Distribution in the district Ponds Year Number Area (ha) Production (qtl.) , , ,655 36

50 Chapter- 4 CONSTRAINTS, POTENTIALS, STRATEGIES AND VISION FOR FARM SECTOR Wheat is the major rabi crop in the district and occupies about % of the net cropped area. The other rabi crops are vegetables (11%) and barley, pulses and oilseeds etc (33%). However, in kharif about 60 % area is sown with crops such as paddy (23%), maize, millets, pulses etc. Shortage of power supply during summer coupled with high water demand of kharif crops results in low area being sown in this season. Area expansion in pulses during summer can be an important alternative. The productivity of cereals and pulses is very low, in fact much lower than the potential. There are 70 percent of farmers who are small and marginal and together they cultivate 80 percent of the cultivated area. Their holdings are uneconomical and unviable. Hence there is an urgent need for introduction of capital intensive high income, high value activities like dairy, poultry and bee keeping. Vegetable growing is very beneficial and calls for improving market infrastructure. district are: The constraints, limiting growth and productivity of agriculture in the 1. Soil and Land Related Constraints Deficiency of macro and micro nutrients Poor Organic Carbon in the soil 37

51 2. Water Related Constraints Inadequate power supply resulting in inadequate water output. Poor application efficiency of irrigation water Inefficient water use practices for paddy cultivation Declining water table 3. Planting Material Related Constraints Low SRR of improved varieties in maize, wheat, pulses and vegetables 4. Constraints Related to Adoption of High Value Crops Poor post harvest handling and storage facilities for potato and vegetables 5. Technology Related Constraints Lack of knowledge about scientific agronomic practices Insufficient extension staff for technology transfer. Lack of diagnostic plant clinics. 6. Infrastructure Related Constraints Markets lack pukka platforms and sheds Inadequate number of markets Lack of infrastructure for farmers training Table 4.1: Strategy to achieve higher growth rate in crop sector in district Gautam Buddha Nagar Item Present trends / potentials Wheat 1. Occupies maximum area i.e thousand hectares. yield in 2007 was 3.18 t/ha. achieving a target of 4 tonnes /ha would mean growth rate of 6.0 Constraints Strategy 1. Poor seed 1. Faster seed replacement replacement with rate superior varieties, 2. Low and 2. Balanced use of imbalanced fertilizers (INM) fertilizer 3. Use of organic consumptio manures n 3. Farmers are 38

52 percent in five years. not going for seed treatment. Maize 1. Occupies 3723 hectare. yield is poor i.e t/ha. 2. potential exist to take it to 2.5 t/ha. Paddy 1. Cultivated only on 26.8 thousand hectare area. Productivity poor (1.97 t/ha). Potential exist for higher yield 1. Poor seed 1. New composite and replacement hybrid varieties with rate high SRR. 2. Poor 2. Appropriate irrigation irrigation by conserving water during in paddy cultivation summer and utilizing it for 3. Low maize production fertilizer 3. Use of INM application 1. Lack of hybrid varieties 2. Poor SRR and poor water manageme nt. 1. Follow NFSM guidelines. Improve water management i.e. Follow bed and furrow system of cultivation.(aerobic cultivation) Pulses 1. Total area in pulses is very little ie 3448 hectare. The productivity is 0.97 t/ha. There is a good scope to increase productivity. 1. Lack of 1. Give subsidized SRR and seeds of improved poor high yielding varieties agronomic and demonstrate techniques. new technology of ICRISAT. Vegetable s 1. Vegetables occupy 1. Lack of significant area and extension. these are high value, 2. Lack of high income crops improved for small and varieties. marginal farmers. 3. Lack of marketing facilities for perishable produce. 1. Vegetables production can be remunerative for small and marginal farmers. 2. Onion production in winters and cucurbits in summers can be popularized. 3. Protective cultivation be encouraged. 39

53 Others 1. Farmers training for high tech precision based farming continuously. 1. Staff shortage 1. Implement customized farmers training. These are need based and location specific and related to local weather conditions. 4.2 Vision Planning at grass root level requires participation of stake holders in identification of programmes to be implemented for improvements in performance of agriculture sector. PRA carried out in different blocks of Gautam Buddha Nagar district indicates the following interventions will help in improving the growth rate in this sector and thereby the income of the farmers. Improvement in irrigation facilities and systems. Availability of high quality planting material especially of vegetable crops. Support for pulses production for increasing area under pulses Increase in cold storage capacity for perishable crops. Capital support for purchase of farm machinery or to make it available through cooperatives or Agro service centre. Strengthening of fodder seed production programme (green and dry round the year). Capital subsidy for taken up commercial dairy farming and creation of marketing infrastructure i.e. bulk milk chilling (BMC) plants. Incentivise adoption of organic farming. Financial assistance to farm women of small and marginal holdings to take up allied occupations such as bee keeping, vegetable growing, dairy and fisheries Creation of infrastructure for farmers training and dissemination of new technologies for crop production. Development of marketing infrastructure for crops as well as 40

54 livestock sector Emphasize on better animal housing to improve their productivity Based on the existing resources and potentials, and the interventions under various programmes, the productivity of various crops can be increased and the gap between actual yield and the potential (Table 4.8.1) can be bridged. Table 4.2: Potential for Growth in Crop Sector Commodity Productivity (q/ha) Percent annual growth to be targeted Present Potential Wheat Maize Paddy Vegetables The thrust will be to increase the productivity mainly of winter crops and pulses that are less dependent on irrigation. It will be mainly achieved through high quality seed and planting material, as well as timely supply of other inputs and balanced fertilizer use. The soil health is deteriorating therefore there is a need to encourage organic farming and addition of organic matter will improve the soil health and sustain the increase in productivity. The use of soil amendments i.e. gypsum etc and promotion of green manure crops will also contribute in soil health management. 41

55 Chapter - 5 PROPOSED NEW PROGRAMMES IN CROP SECTOR So as to tap the existing potential both in crop sector and animal husbandry, there is a necessity to increase the allocation of funds to the ongoing schemes in different line departments, essentially because most of other central sector schemes in farm sector do not fully address block/ panchayat level needs and the available resources are thinly spread over large areas. However, there is a necessity to monitor and evaluate all the existing schemes/interventions and modify the annual plan for the agriculture sector accordingly. As such funds may be set apart for restructuring and assessment of new schemes on annual basis. As per existing farming situation in the State, there exists untapped potential both for increasing cropping intensity and productivity. With the programmes/ interventions proposed hereunder and support to existing schemes. It should be possible for the state to achieve the targets of the 6 percent annual growth rate in crop sector and 12 percent annual growth rate in livestock, dairy, poultry and fisheries sector. Various interventions/programmes proposed to be taken up in the district for this purpose are outlined as follows: A AGRICULTURE 1. SOIL MANAGEMENT AND LAND USE PROJECT Deteriorating soil health is a serious problem in Gautam Buddha Nagar, i.e. not only the organic matter is low but there is also imbalance of major nutrients (NPK). The deficiencies of micronutrients have also started appearing which have telling effect on crop yield. The soils of entire region are poor in organic carbon. The large part of cow dung is being used for energy through burning and not as farm yard manure. Under this programme three components are being proposed. (i) (ii) Enrichment of Organic Carbon Content Using Green Manuring Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System 42

56 (iii) Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories In Gautam Buddha Nagar district above three components are proposed to be run as per the outlined budget given below: (i) Enrichment of Organic Carbon Content Using Green Manuring To make the productivity sustainable good soil health is very important. At present the organic carbon is very low in the soils of Gautam Buddha Nagar. Green manure crops such as Daincha, sunhemp, cow pea etc need to be promoted on large scale as these crops not only fix nitrogen but also add sufficient quantity of organic carbon. Promoting cultivation of vegetable legumes for green pods and using their left-over biomass as green manure is an economical, alternative, green manuring methodology. Inter cultivation of moong and cowpea with sugarcane can also increase availability of naturally fixed nitrogen. Biomass of such legume intercrops is used as mulch after the harvesting of pods. It is propose to provide seeds of green manures to 2 lakh farm holdings in a span of five years. Accordingly, 40,000 farm units will be covered each year. Each holding may be provided with green manure seeds worth Rs for future production and government will bear a subsidy of Rs per holding. The seed grown by first 40,000 farm units in the first year may be purchased by the government for distribution among the next farm units in subsequent years. (ii) Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System Balanced use of plant nutrients is essential for sustainable intensification of agriculture. The goal of INM is to promote balanced use of plant nutrients, so as to increase crop productivity in an efficient manner. Ten demonstrations of one acre each will be conducted in every block for which an amount of Rs per demonstration is needed. It is also proposed to provide assistance for application of Rs. 500 per ha as INM package to the farmers. Budget estimates for district are given in Table

57 Table 5.1: Plan For Improving Soil Health in Gautam Buddha Nagar (Rs. lakh) S. No. Item Unit cost Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total 1. Green manuring 40,000 farm units Supply of green per Rs. 50/ manure seed farm unit 2. Integrated Rs / Management demonstration Total Support to pulse Rs 500 per ha, area under pulses 3000 ha (iii) Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories It is prime need to maintain the soil health in terms of available macro and micro nutrients in the soil. Therefore, every farmer must be aware about the soil fertility status of their farms viz, soil ph, organic carbon, EC, major and micro nutrients in the soil. This is only possible if the soil testing laboratories established at district level are well equipped with latest and ultra modern soil testing equipments like Atomic absorption spectrophotometer etc. so that, the farmers of the district can get quick and correct result of supplied soil samples. Therefore, upgrading and strengthening the soil testing lab, is one of the important aspects, under the RKVY. The procurement of Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) for accurate estimation of micronutrients is very essential and help in increasing the soil testing capability in short period. Besides AAS, repairs and replacement of lab equipments and furnishing is also an important issue. The following budget provision is proposed to be made available at each laboratory located at district level. Table 5.2: Budget Estimates for Soil Testing Laboratories 44

58 S. No. Item 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th TOTAL (lakh) 1 Purchase of Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Macro & Micro nutrients) and allied equipments. 2 Furnishing, repairing and maintenance TOTAL ADOPTION OF ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM Farming has become a non-remunerative enterprise in general. It is still continuing due to Agriculture being a way of life in majority of the cases. The above situation has developed on account of following: Excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Development of high soil ph on account of heavy use of chemical fertilizers. Soil and water pollution. Deficiency of soil micro nutrients. Loss of soil micro flora and fauna. Higher cost of production due to higher use of purchased input. Therefore, Organic Farming is one of the sustainable and viable alternative because it enlivens the soil, utilizes the natural resources, farm waste, strengthens soil health, reduces air and water pollution and finally produces high quality, and products having high shelf life. The demand for organic products is increasing at national and international level and the requirement of traceability in food products has become mandatory in European and other developed countries. This programme is primarily for improving the soil health and making farming 45

59 system more sustainable. The programme is proposed to be launched with 100% government support, so that soil health is restored and maintained for a few years. Financial support is proposed for initial three years. Implementation of the Project A Cluster of farmers will be registered for organic farming; the number of farmers in a cluster will depend upon size of their holdings. It is proposed to start organic farming systems covering an area of 250 ha in the district. The unit cost of establishing and training for organic farming system is given here under. Only in the second year of the project the organic farming system will be established but training will start from first year. The proposed area is in addition to the area already under organic farming under NHM. Table 5.3: Budget Estimates for adoption of Organic farming Item Unit cost Total Cost Farmers Registration, On farm input management, Internal Control System (ICS), Online farm management, critical intervention, external inspection, certification Rs per ha/ year irrespective of number of crops grown. This will involve on-farm input management, internal control system & certification. Cluster of farms will be formed according to cropping patterns of the selected areas Rs Lakh Deliverables of the projects: 1 Increase in yield of major crops by 5 to 7 % in a span of 2 to 3 years. 2 Reduction in the cost of production 3 Complete recycling of agri waste 46

60 4 reduction in the carbon emission 5 Improvement in animal health 6 Improvement in soil organic carbon level 7 Improvement in the soil microflora 8 Normalization of ph 9 Improvement in the availability of nutrient to the crops 10 Ten to twenty percent water saving due to moisture conservation 11 Reduction in the soil pollution, air, water pollution 12 Safe food availability 3. EFFICIENT USE OF WATER RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT Since the availability of water supply is the major constraint in the district there is an urgent need to promote water conservation and efficient on farm water management practices to improve the productivity per unit of water consumed. Under this programme the following components are proposed: (i) Adoption and promotion of precision farming techniques through micro irrigation Micro irrigation system enhances irrigation and water use efficiency. It also helps to increase the fertilizer use efficiency. Being one of the main components of precision farming, it can be of great help for small and marginal farmers. Use of this technique involves an expenditure of Rs. 40,000 per ha. It is proposed to cover 2000 hectare area for various crops in five years, each year 400 ha area will be covered in the plan with total cost of Rs 8 crore. With 50% subsidy, it will cost to the government Rs. 4.0 crore (Table 5.4.). It is proposed to cover this area in addition to area covered under National Horticulture Mission (NHM) or Central Sector Schemes under Precision Farming. 47

61 Table 5.4: Cost Estimate For Water Conservation And Water Use Efficiency (Rs. lakh) Particulars Unit CostYear 1 st (Rs lakh) Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt. Total Micro irrigation Rs (Portable sprinkler 40,000 ha ha ha ha ha system) [Addional per ha Area over micro with 50 % irrigation & other subsidy Central Sector Schemes] Total Deliverables of the project: Increase in cropping intensity by 16 percent taking the present cropping intensity from 114 % to 130 %. Thereby bringing 16 % increase in production area. Reduction in the Usar area. Increase in productivity on account of water availability at critical junctures. Increase in area under high value crops and profitability of small and marginal farmers. Improvement in quality of produce. Improvement in profitability through sowing at proper time. (ii) Demonstration cum training of ridge and furrow system of paddy cultivation for increasing water use efficiency and ecofriendly cultivation Paddy is generally cultivated in puddled fields and is planted in standing water. Recently a new technique transplanting of paddy seedlings on both sides of ridges under non puddled conditions has been reported to have given good yield with only 50 percent quantity of water use along with efficient utilization of added plant nutrients and better micro-climate which reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. Also, this method improves the soil texture 48

62 and soil health, with lesser pollution of ground water. The weeds problem under this technique can effectively be controlled with the use of new herbicide(s) and with no residual effects on succeeding crops. In this method, bed planter is used for preparing ridges on well prepared field. Three to four weeks old seedlings of paddy are transplanted on both sides of ridges, keeping a distance of fifteen centimeters between the seedlings, ten centimeter above the bottom of the furrow. Thus 33 seedlings per square metre will be maintained as in case of conventional transplanting. It is proposed to conduct demonstrations of this technology to convince the farmers that water can be saved in paddy cultivation without compromising with the yield. Each block will be provided with a bed planter for conducting demonstrations and a total sum of Rs. 30,000 will be spent on each training. Financial: Bed Rs 70,000 required one per block Training cum demonstration: Rs. 30,000 per training each year. Table 5.5: Budget Estimates for demonstration and training of ridge and furrow system Item Unit cost No. of units Cost per year Total Bed Rs 70,000 per block 1 per block No cost Cost Training Rs 30, per block No. demonstration Cost Total

63 4. SEED AND PLANTING MATERIAL Seed is the most crucial agriculture input for improving the production and productivity of crops. Better seed replacement ratio coupled with proper seed treatment can largely contribute to improvement in the yield of crops per unit area. Similarly availability of high quality planting material for horticulture crops can improve their productivity. The following interventions are proposed to be taken up under this programme: (i) Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstrations Units at Gram Panchayats Level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield The concept of seed treatment is the use and application of biological and chemical agents that control or contain primary soil and seed borne infestation of insect pests and diseases which pose heavy losses to crop production and improving crop safety leading to good establishment of healthy and vigorous plants and resulting better yields. The benefits of seed treatment are as follows: Increased germination Ensures uniform seedling emergence, Protect seeds or seedlings from early season diseases and insect pests and improving crop emergence and its growth. Improved plant population and thus higher productivity. Presently, 70% requirement of seed is met from the farmer s own stock which goes for sowing without seed treatment. The demonstrations and training on seed treatment will be provided at gram panchayat level, and each year 20 % gram panchayats in a district will be covered. The demonstrations will be conducted in 1/4 th hectare area and the farmers will be trained simultaneously on the techniques of seed treatment. The estimated budget for implementation is worked out as under: 50

64 Table 5.6: Budget estimates for seed treatment & demonstration units (Rs. Lakh) S. N. Items Cost Cost Total 1 st Year 1. Seeds One demonstratio n for each gram panchayat. 1/5 th gram panchayats will be covered each year. For 48 demonstratio n each of 0.4 ha 2 Do 0.02 Rs. 50 / Demo 4 3 Seed treating Drums one for each gram panchayat will 4 Operational Charges/ demonstration 1/5 th of the gram panchayats be covered each year. Rs per drum Rs / demonstration 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year TOTAL (ii) Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for Improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) The major field and horticultural crops of the district are wheat, potato, maize, pulses, rice and vegetables, where replacement of seed and planting material can boost the production and productivity. This programme is required to be taken in a project mode. 51

65 Except for hybrids in maize, rice and vegetable crops, the certified seed/ foundation seed stage-2 can be produced by the farmers. It is proposed that the farmer may get his crop inspected, so that instead of certified seed, he is able to produce foundation seed stage-2. So as to meet the desired seed replacement requirement, the government may provide foundation seed to one fifth of the farmer every year. The seed produced by these farmers will be supplied to the next lot of farmers in subsequent years. To support nutritional kitchen garden as well as production of high value crops by small and marginal farmers, special emphasis is required to be given to provide high quality vegetable seeds to the farmers. Details of estimated budget outlay are proposed in Table 5.7. Table 5.7: The Estimated cost is worked out as under: Crop Total Seed Foundation Subsidiz Required seed ed cost each year (q) required to to the produce the certified seed (q) farmers on foundati on seed Cost (Rs. lakh) Total Cost (Rs. lakh) Wheat Rs 1000/q Paddy Rs 1000/q Maize 3000 (1/5 th 30 Rs. seed will be 2000/q replaced with composites) Pulses q, 1/5 Rs. area will be 1000/q covered Vegetables (open pollinated varieties) pea, beans, each year q, 1/5 Rs. area will be 500 / kg covered (OP each year varieties) 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year

66 radish, turnip, okra, cucurbits. Vegetables (small seeded hybrids) tomato, capsicum, chillies, cole crops % Rs. replacement 5000 per every year kg Total Note: Pulses and open pollinated vegetable seeds will be produced on farmers fields by the state seed corporation under the supervision of the seed testing authority. To the extent possible seed can be purchased from private seed company (holding them fully responsible for outcome) and distributed to the farmers on subsidized rates. 5. TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION The extension structure of the state is deficient in staff as well as the present status of extension services in Uttar Pradesh is not based on information and communication technology. It is required that for reaching out every farm unit a new programme i.e. based on information and communication technology be adopted. The outline of the programme is given here under: (i) Customized Farmer Trainings and Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) In order to provide training to the farmers, which are need based, and location and weather specific as linked to marketing and timing of crops, it is proposed to set up integrated farmer training centres at block level. These centres will be used for organizing the trainings in crop production, safe and efficient use of agriculture machinery, efficient use of pesticides, dairy, animal health and allied agriculture occupations. For organizing the trainings of each block, it will cost Rs. 7.5 lakh per block, Rs lakh will be required every year and Rs. 83 lakh for five years 53

67 Table 5.8: Budget estimates for Customized farmers training at block level based on ICT Cost Component Unit Cost Cost per block per (Rs. lakh) district (Rs. lakh) Annual Cost (Rs. lakh) 1 st Year 2 nd 3 rd Year Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs. lakh) Man power cost 1. Block level officer 2. District Officer T.A. & D.A Equipments 1. Weather recorder 2. Computer with accessories 2 3. Video phone, GPS, etc Operational charges etc Total (ii) Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center $ (IFTC) at District Level The Agri-technologies are being upgraded all over the world constantly to optimize the production in the ever changing climate. Significant improvements have taken place in varieties; seed technology, fertilizer use, better water management practices and efficient management of pest and diseases, but these have not yet reached the farmers. Therefore, there is a need to start integrated farm training centres where the farmers can be trained and demonstrated the latest technologies in all components of farming i.e. crop husbandry, dairy, animal breeding, poultry, fisheries and other ventures such as bee keeping, mushroom production, post harvest handling and marketing. This way transfer of technologies from lab to land can be executed at nominal cost. These integrated farm training centres may be started at commissionary level with following components. 54

68 Training Units Components Crop husbandry Animal husbandry Fisheries and poultry Entrepreneurial ventures Precision farming Natural resource management training Seed and planting material unit Crop protection unit Farm management and marketing unit Organic farming unit Post harvest management unit Dairy unit Cattle and livestock improvement unit Veterinary unit Fisheries unit Poultry unit Bee keeping Mushroom production Home scale food preservation Sericulture Infrastructure Following Infrastructure will be required at each training centre 1. Hostel for training participants- 30 rooms with the facility to stay 4 persons per room. 2. Halls for training- 4 numbers. 3. Demonstration units- 50 numbers. 4. Fifty staff quarters. Table 5.9: Budget Estimates for Integrated Farm Training Centre (IFTC) (Rs. Lakh) Items Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total Capital requirements * 100 * 100 * 800 Management & operational cost Total * Maintenance and up gradation cost of the training units **The Integrated farm training centre will be setup in the existing Agriculture 55

69 Deptt., Farm $ Integrated Farm Training Centre can be administered by Department of Agriculture wherever possible it can be accommodated at Agriculture Farm or may be established at KVK/KGK along with their trial and demonstration farm. Trainee farmers shall be provided with subsidized lodging and boarding during their training period which is included in the proposed management budget. (iii) Establishment of Agri- knowledge and Market Information Center at Block Level With the advent of information technology and its application in nearly all social and economical fields the rural population which is basically farming oriented is still not driving the benefits compared to the urban lot and other economic sectors. Therefore it is proposed to establish agriculture knowledge and market information centre across the state in all the blocks. Table 5.10: Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centre at Block Level Cost Component Cost per block (Rs. lakh) 1 st Year District Cost (Rs. lakh) 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs. lakh) Man power Equipment Kiasko (Touch screen) * 2.0* 2.0* 2.0* 36 Operational charges and contingency Training and literature

70 Training of Agriculture/ horticulture/ soil conservation/animal husbandry/ dairy deptt./ allied activities Total * Maintenance and up gradation cost Deliverables of the project: A major constraint in increasing the production and productivity is poor transfer of technology to the farmers as well as very few on farm trials. The present programmes on technology dissemination ensure that latest technology reaches to the farmers. This herculin task will be possible through application of information and communication technology. It is expected that farmers profitability will atleast be enhanced by 25%, simply by adopting latest techniques and technologies in crop sector The global vision of farmers regarding modern agriculture will be developed. The farmer will access to market information and latest know how. The demonstrations on farmers fields will not only directly result in higher production, but will trigger a chain reaction in adopting new technologies by others. The heavy investment in research and education will be translated into real production. (iv) Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) Farmer currently, in general gets the knowledge from mouth publicity, in most of the cases such information may not have solid scientific base. The information which reaches to the farmers through such hear say basis is not reliable and correct. For adoption of upgraded technologies at farm level, 57

71 farmer needs presence of subject matter specialist in the vicinity for periodical guidance, field visit, capacity building, who can realize the superiority of technology being adopted. It is therefore, proposed to create a wide spread network of subject matter specialists in all the districts of UP, to achieve fast dissemination of agriculture technologies at the field level. It is proposed to place one subject matter specialist for two Nyay Panchayats. The total expected budget for this programme is estimated as under: Unit cost: Salary: Rs per month TA and Mobile phone expenses- Rs 3500 Table 5.11: Budget Estimates For Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level No of SMS (One person per two nyaya panchayat) Financials for One year (Lacs) Financials for Five Years (Lacs) (v) Publication and Mass Campaign for Resources Development of Agri and Allied Sector using ICT The publication training and mass campaign system has a vital role in the overall development of agriculture and allied sector. However, present agriculture extension system is not designed to meet out the integrated requirement of the farmers. According to the multidimensional needs of the farmers, the publication awareness and mass campaign with the full support by training will provide extra and latest information to the farmers in their respective fields as and when required. Therefore, to make timely available and proper use of printing materials and electronic media related to every 58

72 modern technology can be passed on very quickly up to the grassroot level (learning by doing and seeing by doing ) and to cover every village of the entire district and state. Financial: Under the above mentioned project a provision has been made of Rs 1.5 crores for 5 years (XI Five Year Plan) ie. 30 Lakh per annum. (vi) Training cum Demonstration of Integrated Pest Management in Major Crops to Decrease the Pesticide Load in Food Chain Control of pests and diseases based on chemical insecticides & fungicides have played havoc with soil health, environment and quality of food products. Chemical control has led to following disadvantages: Constant increase in the cost of pest control due to increase in the cost of pesticides. Pesticidal resistance developed in pests & disease causing organisms. Minor pests are becoming a serious problem in certain situations. Heavy residue problems in fresh produce and food products. Mortality of friendly parasites & predators. Contamination of soil, water and human and animal food chain. In order to save the soil, sub-soil-water, air, humans and animals from this situation, it is essential that Integrated Pest Management programme should be introduced at mass scale, particularly in cash crops described above. Introduction of Integrated Pest Management will include following steps: Farmers training: Utility of IPM concept. Cultural method. Mechanical method. 59

73 Biological & Physical Method. Agronomical practices. Time of sowing to reduce the incidence of Pests & diseases. Mixed Cropping. Border catch crop. Mixed catch crop. Usefulness of Bio-pesticides. Useful tool of Bio-pesticides like Beauria basiana, Verticilium, Metarhizum, Trichoderma, Pseudomonas etc. Use of botanicals, like Neem and its various parts, karanj etc. Herbal based insecticides like fermented cow dung + Cow urine + Leaves of Neem, Ipomea, etc. Use of other tools like sex pheromones, light traps, trench method etc. It is proposed to go in for training cum demonstration of IPM technology on the farmer s field and following financial norms may be adopted: Four training cum demonstrations per block in one Rs. 20,000 per training and Rs. 5,000 for inputs. For demonstration minimum size of area should be half of an acre. The total cost for Gautam Buddha Nagar (4 blocks) for 5 years will be 4 lakh. Table 5.12: Budget for training cum demonstration of integrated pest management in major crops S. No. Item 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th TOTAL (lakh) 1 Four training cum demonstrations per block in one Rs. 20,000 per training 2 Rs. 5,000 for inputs per training TOTAL

74 (vii) Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management in Major Crop to Reduce the Yield Loss The association of weed with the crops is well known because weeds compete with the crops for various growth factors like light, space, nutrients moisture etc. The competition of weeds reduces the crop yield from 15 to 25 percent depending upon the type of weed flora, its intensity and duration of competition. The introduction of dwarf genotypes with the high inputs use like fertilizers and irrigation requirements has further aggravated the weeds problems. The project will consist of training and demonstrations on chemical weed control in major crops of the region. Table 5.13: Budget estimates for Weed management in major crops Item Unit cost No. of units Demonstrations per block Training per block Cost per year (lakh) Total cost No Cost No Cost Total (viii) Farmers training and Demonstration at KVKs KVK/ KGK are very prestigious unit in the district which provides latest production technology to the farmers by different ways. To provide latest information and training to the farmers, it is necessary that KVK/ KGK must be up to date. Therefore, farmers may get their utilization, advisement and to 61

75 applied latest techniques at their own farms. Therefore, strengthening of KVK/ KGK located in the state under present situation is important to increase the productivity of state in agriculture sector. The following budget provision has been made for strengthening the KVK/KGK in the district. Table 5.14: Budget estimate Strengthening of Krishi Vigyan Kendra/ Krishi Gyan Kendra (in Lakh) S.No. Items Year 1 Strengthening of lodging and boarding facilities for farmers Upgradation of audio visual facilities & Generator/ Inverter Organization of trainings 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total TOTAL Provide customized training to the farmers which are need based and location and weather specific as linked to marketing and timing of crops. The programme should be launched in a project mode. (ix) Farmers Study Tour within and outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture In order to induce competitive instinct in the minds of farmers of lesser developed areas, it is essential to expose them to well develop pockets of U.P. at first stage.these visits will strengthen the confidence of farmers in new technologies and see the practical adoption of new technologies. Personal interaction and listening to success stories from horses mouth will change the 62

76 mind set and to adjust the changes in their own package of practices. In the district the progressive farmers should be included in the proposed study tour. Various agriculture segments for improvement can be selected like: Fish culture visit from West to East U.P, Higher production of potato from all over up to Kannauj/ Farrukhabad/ Agra, better mechanization of farms in West U.P from all over U.P. Additionally farmers could also visit other states viz. Maharashtra & Valsad (Gujarat) to see the organsed mango cultivation, Nasik for grapes, onion, Stara for ginger cultivation, Dairy- Haryana/ Punjab/ Gujarat Budget: Budget for study tour in U.P- 250 farmers/ block every year i.e., 1250 farmers/ Block in 5 years Cost of each visit Rs. 400/ farmer including (Two days) Transportation & Lodging/ Boarding Total Budget/Block - Rs. 5 lakh / Block/ 5 Yrs Total cost for the district with 4 blocks (Gautam Buddha Nagar): 20 lakh for 5 years Out of State Study Tour 50 Rs. 50,000/ per visit inclusive of transport, lodging & boarding expenses Total Budget- Rs. 50,000/ Block/ Yr Rs 2.50Lakh/ Block/ 5Yr Total Rs. 10 Lakh/ Block/ 5Yrs Total cost for the district with 4 blocks (Gautam Buddha Nagar):: 30.0 lakh for 5 years 6. AGRI-CLINIC AT BLOCK LEVEL FOR FIELD CROP ADVICE AND PLANT PROTECTION CENTRE Agri-clinics are envisaged to provide expert services and advice to farmers on crop packaging practices, crop protection from pests and 63

77 diseases, market trends, and prices of various crops in the markets and also clinical services, which would enhance productivity of crops and to check the loss due to inadequate knowledge. Objective: To provide guidance and consultancy services for control of various pests and diseases, weeds etc. To undertake regular visits to provide advice, respond to enquiries, undertake control operations using own equipments etc. Table5.15: Budget estimates for establishment of Agri-clinic at block level S. No. Item Unit 1 Establishment of Agri-Clinic Cost (Lakh) Estimated cost (Lakh) Year Year Year Year Year 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total Cost (Lakh) Operational Charges including field etc Total FARM MECHANIZATION Farm mechanization plays very vital role in timely and precision performance of different farm operations. In areas of intensive agriculture i.e. where two or more than two crops are taken in a year use of machinery can greatly enhance the productivity by timely performance of various agricultural operations and thereby improving the input use efficiency. But, this is the most capital-intensive agricultural input. The various interventions proposed are as follows: 64

78 (i) Establishment of farm mechanization centers at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy loss of Human resources Interaction with village panchayats in Gautam Buddha Nagar district revealed that there was a need of farm machinery and as small and marginal farmers can not afford to purchase for each crops. So machinery should be provided through village level cooperative societies or farmers clubs, focal points (Agro-service centres) on 100% subsidy for hiring services. S. No. cost (Rs lakh) 1 Bed Planter Zero seed Drill Seed cum fertilizer drill Rotavator Ridger Tractor 4.5 Total 6.5 There are 38 Nayay Panchayat in district Gautam Buddha Nagar, it is proposed to provide one set of equipment to each Nayay Panchayat, but all will not need full set, which will cost about Rs. 6.5 lakh per set. A total of 38 Nayay Panchayat will be covered and in five years.by giving 100 % subsidy Rs. 247 lakh will be required in five years. S. No. Table 5.16: Estimate for establishment of Agro-Service Centre at Nayay Panchayats Item Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total 1 Set of Farm Machinery (Rs. lakh)

79 Total Deliverables of the project Will help in mechanization of small and marginal farms at marginal rent. Reduce drudgery on women. Will make crop sowing at optimum soil moisture. Increase efficiency and thus profitability of farm sector. B HORTICULTURE A. PROGRAMME FOR SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT (i) Promotion of Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables Majority of farmers in Gautam Buddha Nagar are small and marginal and their holdings are uneconomical, if provided with capital support and know how, farmers can advance production season of cucurbits and other vegetables in protected structures of low tunnels. Plastic low tunnel comprising one ha area is estimated to cost Rs. 50,000. Small and marginal farmers have very small holdings and it is expected that not more than 500 sq mt area will be put under plastic tunnel at one time. Accordingly, it is proposed that the government should support 50 % cost of 500 sq mt per farm unit i.e. Rs Every year 1000 farm units are proposed to cover and by the end of 5 years 5000 farm units will be covered is Gautam Buddha Nagar district. Objectives: To start early crop of vegetables when the season is still cool. To help off season production of vegetables for higher profits. This technology will improve the productivity and increase cash 66

80 flow to the farm women. Insect pest and disease management can be done more effectively. Vegetable being high value crops, a better protection from weather conditions ensures crop safety and safeguards against crop failures. Higher vegetable production leads to better nutritional security. Use of low tunnels for raising nurseries of winter vegetables under protection ensures production of quality planting materials and safeguard of expensive hybrid seed. Table 5.17: Budget Estimates for protected cultivation of high value crops (low tunnels) (Rs. lakh) Items Unit Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total Farm units to be covered each year Cost to be borne by the government per farm unit Rs Total 62.5 (ii) Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery Raising in Vegetable Crops Vegetable crops including onion, cole crops, capsicum, chillies, tomato and brinjal are raised through nursery. All these crops are high value and highly productive. They suit to small and marginal farmers and especially it is the women who take care of vegetable production. Healthy nursery of these vegetables ensures the success of vegetables production venture. It is therefore proposed to train the farmers on the practices of raising healthy nursery. Objectives 67

81 To raise healthy nursery of the high value crops through high quality seed to ensure crop success. To provide quality-planting material of costly seeds i.e. hybrids. To boost the income of small and marginal farmers. To increase cash flow to farm women through raising quality nursery of vegetable crop for own use and for sale to other farmers. Technology Raised small beds of 3 m X 1 m X 10 cm are made. Well rotten FYM or vermicompost is added to each bed. The beds are drenched with formalin solution (1 part formalin: 7 part water). After doing so the beds are covered with polythene sheets and left as such for one week, so that, formalin fumes penetrate into the soil and it is sterilized properly. The covering with polythene also provides solar sterilization of soil. After one week the polythene is removed and the soil is raked number of times for at least one week, so that, formalin fumes are completely driven out. As a check, a handful of soil is taken out from the bed and smelled to feel if there are any fumes of formalin smell left in the soil. Just in case, if the soil still smells of formalin it should be left for another two- three days. Normally, it takes 2-3 weeks time to prepare the nursery bed and sterilized them for sowing of seeds. Therefore, bed preparation programme should be started atleast three weeks in advance of actually planting the seeds in nursery beds. Since the vegetables seeds particularly hybrids are very costly healthy nursery is very important. Further, it should be borne in mind that the seeds are sown in line and it should not be congested. The cost of raising ten nursery beds each of 1m x 3m is given here under: Cost of inputs i.e. hybrid/op seeds, formalin, FYM, vermicompost, fertilizers, polythene sheets, polytunnels Rs Fifty man days for preparation of beds and nursery raising for one month Rs Total: Rs. 10,000 68

82 It is proposed to carry out 10 demonstrations per block per year i.e. 5 in the summer vegetables and 5 for winter vegetables. Table 5.18: Budget estimates of Training and Demonstration of Healthy Nursery Raising Item Unit cost No. of units Cost per year Total cost Rs 10,000 (including seed cost) 10 Demonstration s per block No. of demon stration Total Cost Deliverables It will boost vegetable production particularly of tomato, capsicum, chilies, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, knol khol, and onion. Lower the cost of production due to less disease attack. Help to produce safe vegetables free of pesticides. Increase farmer profitability. Encourage women to produce and sell vegetable nursery of high quality. (iii) Development of nutritional kitchen garden for Balanced Nutrition at Village Level and Involvement of women in Horticulture Rural people particularly women and children suffer from lack of vitamins and minerals. Nutrition garden can play an important role to solve this problem, besides this, nutritional garden also help economy. On an average eight member family will require 2.4 kg vegetables and 800 g fruits per day. This production can be obtained from 500 sq mt area. Twenty 69

83 villages from each block of the district will be selected and one kitchen garden will be laid out in each village each year. They will be provided with input and training to raise the kitchen garden. Besides, the seed mini kits of summer and winters vegetables and three fruit trees (Amrapali, guava, banana, citrus/papaya) will be distributed to each unit. Budget estimates are given in Table Table 5.19: Budget Estimates for Kitchen Garden in Gautam Buddha Nagar Item Demonstration of Nutritional Kitchen Garden No. Distribution of Seed Kits No. Fruit plants (including carriage and planting) Rs including inputs Rs. 50 for summer Rs. 50 for winter No. (Rs Lakh) Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th , ,000 Rs Total Cost B. ENTREPRENEUR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES (i) Promotion of Commercial Floriculture in Gautam Buddha Nagar There is a good scope for development of floriculture in the Gautam Buddha Nagar district as there exist ready market for cut flowers such as Gladiolus, Roses, Marigold and Tuberoses. 70

84 Commercial floriculture is very beneficial for the areas particularly located near to Metros. Establishing ventures in commercial floriculture is capital intensive and farmers need financial support for such a innovative project. Cost component of the project should be supported under C-DAP as per detail given Table 5.20: Cost Component and budget of commercial floriculture Item Making available noble varieties of Gladiolus Corms (Support subsidy of rs. 200/100 corms),tuberose s bulbs(support subsidy of rs. 100/100 bulbs), Bulb/Corms Store house (with 50 % subsidy) Pack house (with 50 % subsidy) Per unit Requirement of Corms/Bulbs (One unit sq. m) 3000 (2000 Gladious and 1000 Tuberoses) with a spacing of 30x20 cms No. of Units 10 unit per block each for 3 year 10 unit per block 10 unit per block Unit Year Year Year Year Year Rs. cost 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Lakh) (in lacs) Total (ii) Incentive for Establishing Backyard Mushroom Units Uttar Pradesh being an agricultural state, over 65% of the population lives in villages and depends upon agriculture. The land holdings are small. The farmers are generally small and marginal. Most of the farmers are not getting good returns from agriculture and want to adopt other agriculture related activities to enhance their income. Hence adoption of Dairy farming, sericulture, fishery, floriculture, Mushroom and Bee-keeping avocations are the need of the hour. Mushroom cultivation requires no land and can be 71

85 grown in the houses / small huts. This crop is of short duration and does not pose marketing problem. Mushrooms have been valued throughout the world both as food and medicine. They are a rich source of nutrition and form a major chunk of health foods. Fat content in mushrooms is low compared to other foods. The fatty fraction consists predominantly of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid. They are the perfect food for maintaining a healthy heart and cardiovascular system. The two most commonly grown species of mushroom in India are white Button mushroom and Oyster mushroom. Cultivation of common white button mushroom can be done in temperatures varying from C. The other mushroom Pleurotus commonly known as Dhingri can be cultivated within a range of 20 0 C to 30 0 C. temperatures. Materials Required Material required for Pleurotus: Wheat/Paddy Straw, plastic sheet, drum, polythene bags, spawn, sprayer, gunny bags, chemicals etc. Material required for button mushroom: Wheat/Paddy Straw, Chicken manure, urea, gypsum, farm yard manure, sheet, polythene bags, spawn, sprayer, gunny bags etc. Benefits of mushroom production: The problem of the unemployment for rural youth and others could be considerably reduced by involving the unemployed youth in Mushroom cultivation. The Mushroom can be successfully grown in small houses and requires no separate land. Mushroom cultivation does not require full time labour and family 72

86 members can look after different operations easily Domestic market is readily available for sale of mushroom; hence no risk is involved. The agricultural waste material like wheat/paddy straw etc can be utilized for the cultivation. The spent mushroom substrate can be used as organic manure in the field for all the crops. ECONOMICS: White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) a) Infrastructure/equipment/materials: Cost of thatched shed having two rooms of 15 x15 with 6 bamboo racks is Rs b) Operational Costs (for one season) Cost of compost (including raw material) : Rs. 10, Cost of polythene bags for cultivation : Rs Cost of Spawn : Rs Water, electricity etc. : Rs Miscellaneous (Labour charges, chemicals etc.) : Rs Cost of casing material : Rs Total : Rs. 15, One room with 6 racks has capacity of 3000 kg compost: Total yield from one room : 450 kg Total yield from both the rooms : 900 Kg Cost of mushroom/ kg : Rs. 60 Sale price of 900 kg mushroom : Rs.54,000 Net Benefit 54,000-15,100 = Rs. 38,900 (say Rs.40,000) 73

87 In plains two crops of button mushroom can be grown from September to March. Since the operational expense is Rs 15,000 and with 50% subsidy a sum of Rs. 7,500 is proposed to be given to each unit. It is proposed to cover 10 farmers per block. And for Gautam Buddha Nagar district, total cost will be 32.5 lakh. Table 5.21: Budget estimates for backyard mushroom cultivation Item Year Year Year Year Year Rs. 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Lakh) Mushroom Hut Running Cost (Raw Material) No Rs , 25% subsidy Rs , 50% subsidy Total (iii) Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization Bee keeping has positive effects (in yield) on cross pollinated as well as horticultural crops. Besides this, it is also a source of supplementary income. So there is a need for installation of Comb foundation mill for sheet production, for this an amount of Rs. 45 lakh and operational charges at Rs. 5 lakh per year be provided. The basic sheet of comb production is made by cooperative society. Table 5.22: Budget Estimate for Promotion of Bee Keeping (Rs lakh) Item Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total Bee Keeping (iv) Global G.A.P. vegetable production (including certification and 74

88 residue analysis) GLOBAL G.A.P. (formally Eurogap) is the globally recognized standard specially designed for farms seeking to provide evidence for their commimtment towards sustainable development. Global G.A.P. Is pre -farm standards. As Gautam Buddha Naggar is near to Delhi and all the major retail chain for exports etc. are operating in these reason,. There is need for govet. Support for obtaining Global G.A.P. Certification for vegetable growers of these area. For this 20,000 rs. Per ha (including certification and residue analysis) should be given as subdidy and total 5000 ha will be covered in five years. For Gautam Buddha Nagar the total cost will be 810 lakh. C- POST HARVEST AND AGRICULTURE MARKETING 1. DEVELOPMENT OF FACILITIES FOR MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE For value addition to the agriculture produce as well as to reduce the post harvest losses there is a need to improve the marketing infrastructure both for the field and horticultural crops. This will not only help in improving the income of the farmers but will also help in improving the shelf life of horticultural produce. (i) Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce In order to provide Marketing facilities, there is a need to offer proper marketing infrastructure so that farmers can market their produce at optimum rates. Further to save the farmer from clutches of local dealers, compelling him for distress sale, it is proposed to provide proper market infrastructure, so that he may sell his produce in a distant market at appropriate prices. Each Market Centre should have an area of 1-2 acres with following facilities. 75

89 1. Raised platform (Puckka) - 2 Nos. 2. Sheds over puckka platform- 2 Nos. 3. Office for Market Centre Incharge 4. Parking place for Tractor trolleys 5. Shed with animal feeding structure & drinking provision Budget: 1. Two puckka platform with shed cost- Rs 10 lakh 2. One parking & animal rest cum feed structure- Rs 5 lakh 3. Office/ Boundary wall and farmers sitting shed- Rs 5 lakh 4. Farmers resting shed- Rs 5 lakh A total budget of Rs 25 lakh shall be needed for establishing one market for sale of Agri produce. Land and financials may be provided by Mandi Board. Deliverables Improvement in Market infrastructure will facilitate following 1. Increase in the procurement of Agri produce 2. Reduce the exploitation of farmers 3. Reduce losses in the unorganized storage facility of farmers 4. Better price realization to the farmers (ii) Value addition to Horticultural Produce through establishment of Grading and Packaging Houses Improper post harvest handling and storage of horticultural produce results in 40% loss in India. Besides causing heavy losses to the farmers, the quality of the produce is also impaired and the shelf-life is decreased. To minimize post harvest losses and increase farmer profitability, it is proposed that two grading and packing houses shall be provided in the district, with following budget provision. Table 5.23: Estimates for Providing Grading and Pack Houses for Horticultural Produce S. No. Item Unit Cost (in Lakh) Total (Rs lakh) 76

90 1 Cooling and washing Rs 10.0 each 20 2 Grading Machines with conveyer Rs 20 each 40 3 Pack Rs 10 each 20 4 Operational Rs 2 per year per unit 20 Total 100 Chapter 6 SUMMARY CROP SECTOR The total population of Gautam Buddha Nagar is nearly lakh, out of which about 1.5 lakh are cultivators. District has a net cultivated area of 1.16lacs hectare. Lack of irrigation during summers, low productivity, small holding and potato based production system are the characteristics. People aspire for better power supply, quality seed, improved irrigation, better technology dissemination, market information, development of dairy. The growth in crop production is stagnant, though potential exist to accelerate it to 4 percent. The following programmes in crop sector are proposed to meet the aspirations of people. S. No. Name of Programme Outlay A. AGRICULTURE SOIL MANAGEMENT AND LAND USE PROJECT Enrichment of Organic Carbon Content Using Green Manuring Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories ADOPTION OF ORGANIC FARMING

91 EFFICINT USE OF WATER RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT 3. Adoption and Promotion of Precision Farming Techniques through Micro Irrigation Demonstration cum training of Ridge and Furrow system of Paddy cultivation for increasing Water use efficiency and Eco friendly Cultivation SEED AND PLANTING MATERIAL Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstration Units at Gram Panchayat Level 9.72 Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) 5. TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION Customized Farmers Training and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Centers (IFTC) at District Level Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centre at block level Knowledge Dissemination at Field level by SMS Publication and Mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICT Training cum Demonstration of Integrated Pest Management in major crops 4.00 Training and demonstration of Weed management in Major Crops Farmers training and demonstration at KVKs Farmers study tour within and outside the state AGRI-CLINIC AT BLOCK LEVEL FOR FIELD CROP ADVICE AND PLANT PROTECTION CENTRE B FARM MECHANIZATION Establishment of Farm Mechanization Centres at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy Loss of Human Resources HORTICULTURE

92 Programme for Small and Marginal Farmers and Women Empowerment A. Promotion of protected Cultivation of Vegetables Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery raising in Vegetable crops Development of Nutritional Kitchen garden for balanced Nutrition at Village Level and involvement of women in Horticulture ENTREPRENUER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES Promotion of Commercial Floriculture B. Incentive for establishing Backyard Mushroom Units Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization Global G.A.P. vegetable production (including certification and residue analysis) POST HARVEST AND AGRICULTURE MARKETING Development of Facilities for marketing of Agriculture Produce C Improvement and creating of new market facilities for marketing of Agriculture Produce Value addition to Horticulture produce through Establishment of Grading and Packaging Houses Sub Total

93 Chapter 7 PROPOSED NEW PROGRAMMES IN LIVESTOCK SECTOR The livestock sector is an important sector of agricultural economy of the State and accounts for about one forth of the net State Domestic Product from this sector. The opportunities in improving the performance of this sector are much more as compared to crop sector as the farmers are already practicing dairy and backyard poultry to supplement their income. In view of the large population of the milch animal in the district, a small improvement in their productivity can make a substantial contribution in improving the growth rate of this sector. The target growth rate of 12% during the XI five year plan is achievable with appropriate allocation of resources for development of this sector. A - ANIMAL HUSBANDRY To increase the productivity in animal sector the major contribution rests on the genetic up-gradation of livestock. So far as Dairy Development is concerned, induction of additional milch animals and transforming the backyard dairy units into commercial dairy farms with minimum ten animals is required. Farmers training for better herd and milk management need to be done through latest techniques and farm practices (i) Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to Provide Balanced Nutrition to Cattle It has been realized that seed is the most limiting factor in fodder production. The fodder crops being very shy seed setters sufficient quality of good seed is not available. In the present situation, the cost of barseem seed is taken as 80

94 Rs. 100 /kg and 20 kg seed will be needed for one hectare. Accordingly following norms for fodder seed production and seed acquisition by the government for further distribution be followed. Barseem seed may be distributed to registered farmers having mixed farming 4 kg / farmer costing Rs 400. Two hundred farmers per block will be covered each year with 50 % subsidy. The cost to be borne by the government is Rs. 40,000 per block per year. (Table 7.1) Table 7.1: Incentive for fodder Seed Production: (Rs. Lakh) Item Unit cost No. of units (50% subsidy) 1 st year Cost per year 2 nd year 3 rd year 4 th year 5 th year Total cost Distribution of Rs barseem seed 400/ Rs 40,000 per No block per year and 2 unit per block Cost Total 16.0 Deliverables It will support the dairy farming in the district. Farmers will incentivised to produce their own seed. It will improve the soil fertility. It is self sustaining scheme and the seed of green fodder will remain available even after the termination of the scheme. (ii) Strengthening of AI Centres For genetic upgradation of milch and other cattle, it is proposed that Animal Insemination (AI) centres be upgraded, particularly for storage under 81

95 liquid nitrogen and other facilities. For this an amount of Rs 30 lakh be provided to the district. Table 7.2: Budget estimates for Strengthening of AI Centres Item Unit cost Cost per year Total cost 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th year year year year year Facilities for Rs 30 lakh No storage under liquid nitrogen and replacement and repair of other equipments Total 30.0 (iii) Improvements of Cattle (Cow and Buffalo) The average milk production per milch cattle and per capita milk availability is substantially low inspite of largest no. of cattle in India among the various states. One of the contributing factor for the above state affair is lower level of breed improvement. Instead of going for breeds like Jersey, and replacing the existing cattle genetical material, it is advisable to optimize the yield by sustained breed improvement by using, incase of cow, Red Sindhi/Sahiwal and Murrah breed in case of buffalo. Minimum no. of he-bulls/buffaloes need to be provided to each veterinary hospital for breed improvement. The capital investment for the 82

96 suggested incorporation will vary from district to district depending upon the no. of veterinary hospital breeding facilities available. However, general basis of budget calculation is being provided here under: Table 7.3: Budget estimates for Improvements of Cattle S.No. Bull/Buffalo breeding purpose* for Cost/unit Total animal purchase cost Yearwise/maintenance cost 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Rs lakh.) Total 1 Red Sindhi- 230, no.and or tharparkar- 2 no. and or Sahiwal -2 No 2 He buffalo-2 No- (Murrah) 30, TOTAL The scheme will be handle by animal husbandry through their veterinary hospitals. * The scheme should be introduced in priority basis on those district where cattle population, supportive dairy development is fairly good (iv) Poultry Development There are estimated poultry birds in the district. There is huge potential to develop poultry sector. Small poultry units need to be encouraged to help small and marginal farmers. Following plan is given: 83

97 Activity Unit Size (Nos.) No. of Financial Units outlay lakh) Govt. (Rs Subsidy Govt. Expenditure lakh) Commercial Layer % (Rs Commercial Broiler % Table 7.4: Estimates of cost to encourage poultry Item Number and Cost of Units Year wise to Government (Rs Lakh) 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total Year Year Year Year Year Commercial Number Layer Cost Commercial Broiler Number Cost Total (v) Goat and Piggery Development Rearing of goats and pigs is quite common in all the blocks of district. Rejected potatoes are used as a feed for pigs. There is a need for promoting commercial goat and piggery units. A plan to promote goat rearing and piggery is given below: Table 7.5: Budget for Goat and Piggery Development Particulars Unit Cost (Rs) No. Units of Total Cost Subsidy 20% cost (Rs lakh) Goat Rearing (20+1)

98 Piggery (5+1) Total Table 7.6: Budget Estimate for Promotion of Goat and Piggery Item Goat and Piggery 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total (Rs lakh) Year Year Year Year Year (vi) Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Indian cattle industry is an integral part of Indian agriculture and contributes to the well being of its people. Population estimates show that India will have to provide food for 1.5 billion people in In addition to this, India has an equal percentage of livestock population. Livestock disease Surveillance It is recognizing that veterinary diseases pose a significant threat both to the animals and human beings. Livelihood of millions of farmers is dependent on health of livestock. Besides, animal diseases have become a serious threat for contamination of human food chain. Entire farm economics can run into huge losses due to emergence of diseases such as foot and mouth, rinder pest, bird flu to cite a few. There is a need for developing a system of animal disease survey and surveillance and its on line reporting so that the spread of diseases before reaching epidemic proportion is contained. This will help save huge losses to livestock wealth in particular and farming system in general. 85

99 Objectives The various objectives of this project are as follow: 1. Development of electronically managed Disease Surveillance System, through customized online data management systems. 2. Development of risk assessment and risk management tools for various endemic diseases The overall mission of this project is to thoroughly revamp the Livestock husbandry so as to erase the stigma of poor hygiene and elevate it to the global standards in production, processing and marketing of Livestock derivatives. FINANCIALS Duration of Project: 5 Years Cost per Block per Year = 2.5 Lakh* *Cost consists of Veterinary Doctor Expenses, quick alert system, GPS, quick Alert SMS System Table 7.7: Budget estimates for Livestock disease Surveillance Cost Component Veterinary Doctor Expenses, Cost per quick alert system, GPS, Block (Rs. in quick Alert SMS System Lakh) Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Rs Lakh) Cost per District (Rs. in Lakh) B. DAIRY (i) Programme for Quality and Hygienic Milk Production Production of clean milk is as important as the production of milk itself. The 86

100 bacteria in the milk multiply because of the hot environment and dust, dirt and other foreign matter and adulteration. Unhygienic state of utensils used for the storage and transportation of milk adds to the problem. Therefore, there is a dire need to maintain the quality of milk by creating facility of cooling the milk at the source immediately on milking and educating the milk producers and milk handlers to maintain proper sanitation and hygiene. For the cooling of milk at the dairy farm level, Bulk Milk Coolers are needed to be made available, but the investment is quite high, which cannot be afforded by the milk producers themselves. There is urgent need to maintain quality of milk by creating facility for cooling the milk at source. For cooling the milk at dairy farm level bulk milk coolers are needed to be made available. It is proposed to provide 8 bulk milk coolers of 2000 litres capacity, two per block in the district. Each unit costing 8.0 lakh, with 25% subsidy. The subsidy cost will be Rs. 16 lakh. (ii) Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units Dairy is being practiced by the farmers in the area as a house hold enterprise and not as a commercial activity. To promote the commercial dairy farming, it is proposed to provide interest subsidy on the cost of animals for the first year up to a maximum of Rs per animal. It is proposed to encourage to setting up of 20 commercial dairy farms units in the district with minimum 10 milch animals in each; thereby 200 new additional milch animals will be inducted. This cost of subsidy on interest for first year will be Rs lakh. In addition, every commercial dairy farm unit will be provided with Rs 2 Lakh as capital subsidy to develop infrastructure like animal sheds, milching parlours with machines. This will entail a cost of Rs 40 lakh as capital subsidy, the total cost of the project being Rs 52 lakh annually and Rs 2.6 crores. (iii) Mini Milk Processing Unit Preservation and value addition in milk and milk products can be done at cottage level. A mini milk plant of 500 litres per day capacity can be set up in each block for making ghee, cheese, butter, lassi, etc. These products can earn handsome returns to milk producers. The producers can avail the benefit 87

101 of forward linkages and can become successful dairy entrepreneurs. Such mini plants will cost Rs lakh, on which 30% capital subsidy is proposed to be provided. Total subsidy cost would be Rs. 30 lakh. (iv) Dairy Training Workshop The first step will be to sell the idea of dairy farming aggressively in the target area. This will be done by holding Dairy Training workshops extensively in the district, so as to cover the entire area repeatedly. These will be high tech camps wherein the requisite message will be passed across the audience in a very cordial, conducive and friendly environment. Dairy training workshop will be conducted to encourage and equip with knowledge to prospective dairy farmers and 50 percent target beneficiary should be women. It is proposed to hold 40 such workshops in the district. An expenditure of Rs. 20,000 per workshop will be incurred. It will cost Rs. 8.0 lakh. C. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT (i) Demonstration on Fish Culture Now a day s fish culture is developing at alarming rate in India especially in rural areas because most of the people are habitual to relish fish food along with rice. The fish farming is also providing an extra income to the poor and small farmers, another advantage of fish culture is to increase the level of underground water and utilization of rain water. Therefore, the demonstration on fish culture in each block of the state would provide a technology of fish cultivation along with various advantages like nutrient support, extra income, increase underground water level etc. The budget provision under C-DAP is to be made available at block level for conductivity as demonstration unit. Table 7.8: Estimated budget for fisheries promotion S.No. Items Year (Rs. in Lakh) 88

102 1 Digging of Ponds, Lining, Pumping set and boring, culture and net etc. per block 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Total TOTAL D. PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF DAP Annual assessment and Restructuring of District Agriculture Rs 5 lakh per year, which costs Rs 25 lakh SUMMARY OF LIVESTOCK SECTOR Annexure- 1 S.No. Name of the programme Budget Estimate (Rs. in Lakh) A. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to provide balanced nutrition to Cattle 16.0 Strengthening of Artificial Insemination Centre 30.0 Improvements of Cattle Poultry Development Goat & Piggery Development 29.4 B. DAIRY Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System 54.0 Programme for Quality & Hygienic Milk Production 16.0 Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units Mini Milk Processing Units 30.0 Dairy Training Workshop for Women

103 C. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT Demonstration and Training of Fish Culture PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF DAP TOTAL Annexure- 2 MATRIX FOR CONVERGENCE OPPORTUNITIES IN DISTRICT GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR S. No. Area of Farm Sector Addressed Name of DAP Programmes (RKVY) into which convergence is proposed Name of Central Sector Scheme Estimated Budget of Proposed RKVY programmes (Lakh) Enrichment of organic carbon content using green manuring Strengthening of Soil health (New Land, Health Soil & Establishment of Integrated Nutrient scheme ) w.e.f Fertility Management System Setting up of new soil testing laboratories Project on Balanced Use of fertilizer

104 Micro Irrigation in 2 Water Resources Management Microirrigation (Sprinkler & Drip) Horticulture (80:20) & National Horticulture Mission ISOPOM, Macro Distribution of Seeds Macro Management in Seed Planting material and Establishment of Seed treatment and Demonstration units at Agriculture(MMA) Beej Gram Yojana (100 % CS) 9.7 gram panchayat level Distribution of Planting material NHM - 4 Production Technologies Horticulture & Plantation Farmers Study Tour Within and Outside the State for exposure Technology Disseminatio n Farmers training and Agriculture Demonstration at KVK Technology and Training Demonstrations and of Management Agency (ATMA) 16.0 Weed Management Establishment of Agri- Clinic

105 Farmers Study Tour Within and Outside the State for exposure Farmers Welfare and towards Motivation Scheme (Kisan Hit Yojana) - Commercialized Agriculture Knowledge Dissemination at farmers field level by Subject Matter Specialists (SMS) Support to extension programmes for Extension Reforms (90 CS: 10% State) Entrepreneur Development Incentive for Establishment of Backyard Mushroom Units Entrepreneur Development in Floriculture Sawarn Jayanti SawRojgar Yojana (75: 25%) State Horticulture Mission (85: 15) Value addition to 8 Post Harvest and Marketing horticultural produce through grading & packaging houses establishment Programme for quality and hygienic milk production Clean milk production (100%) Dairy Promotion Commercial Farming Units of Dairy Intensive Dairy Development Programme (100% CS)

106 Dairy Training workshop for women Mahila Dairy Project (100% CS) 8.0 Programme for Quality & Hygienic Milk Production Dairy Training Workshops Strengthening Infrastructure for Quality and Clean Milk Production Fisheries Artificial insemination National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB) Animal Husbandry Veterinary & Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Livestock Health & Disease Control (LH & DC); Directorate of 54.0 Animal Health Programme for year Feed and fodder round production of development 16.0 Green Fodder 12 Farm Mechanization Establishment of Farm Mechanization Centres at Panchayat Level Agriculture Mechanization (MMA)

107 Annexure- 3 List of on going projects in the district Gautam Buddha Nagar Sector/Subsector AGRICULTURE Crop production Project Production, Storage & Distribution of Quality seeds Expenditure Incurred (Rs in lakh) ISOPOM Source of Funding State Sector Centrally Sponsored Farmer Friend Scheme State - Sector Krishak Istar Par Parmanit Beej Utpadan State Sector Improvement of Crop Centrally Statistics (ICS) Sponsored Pramanit Bejon Per Anudan State Sector Computerization State - Sector Data Bank Takniki Prabandhan State Sector Keet Rog Niyantaran Rabi Dalhan Utpadan State Sector Crop Yield Macro -Mode Niji Kshetron me Prasar Sewano State Sector Dev of extension State - Sector 94

108 Natural Resource Management Minor Irrigation Horticulture ANIMAL HUSBANDRY services in Private Sector Demonstration of New Development Agril. Equipment Transfer of Technology Strengthening of Deptt Press Agriculture Engineering Agriculture Engineering (Rice) Centrally Sponsored Macro -Mode Central Micromode Macro -Mode Seed Treatment State Sector Beej Gram Yojana Centrally Sponsored Boosting Cereal Central Production (Rice) Micromode Micro Mode NWDPRA Barani - - Central Sector Rain Water management State - Sector Kisan Hit State - Sector Krishi Kshetra Hetu Kushal Jal State - Sector Prabandhan Mrida Swastha ka Sudharanikarn State Sector Micro Mode Javik Khad Prasar Central Sector Bhoomi Sena Yojana State - Sector Dr. Ambedkar Gramin Samagr Vikas Yojna Horticultural Development in Urban area Horticultural development programme Establishment of Disease free Zone Rinder Pest Programme Control of Livestock

109 FISHERIES Krishi Vividhikaran Pariyojna Disease Scheme on Artificial Insemination Scheme on infertility of animal Goat Rearing Goat Breeding Training of Livestock Owner Livestock census Prog Establishment of Livestock Hospital Extension Education Prog Disease Investigation Artificial Insemination Backyard Poultry Integrated Piggery Development Integrated Goatary Fish farmers development agency National Scheme of Welfare of Fishermen National Fishermen insurance Scheme % central + 25% state 50% central + 50% state 50% central + 50% state RKVY 96

110 Annexure- 4 97

111 COPY OF APPROVED LETTER FROM DISTRICT PLANNING COMMITTEE 98

112 99

113 100