中国都市部住宅のエネルギー消費原単位と CO 2 排出量の経年変化

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1 カテゴリー Ⅱ 日本建築学会環境系論文集第 81 巻第 726 号, ,216 年 8 月 J. Environ. Eng., AIJ, Vol. 81 No. 726, , Aug., 216 DOI 中国都市部住宅のエネルギー消費原単位と CO 2 排出量の経年変化 UNIT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO 2 EMISSIONS OF URBAN HOUSES IN CHINA 張晴原 * **, 吉野博 Qingyuan ZHANG and Hiroshi YOSHINO In this study, based on the Chinese statistics, the unit energy consumption and CO2 emissions per household were made clear for urban houses in China. The main conclusions are: (1) Energy consumption per urban household increases from 12.3 GJ to 23.1GJ in the period of The percentage of each kind of energy was clarified; (2) The emissions of CO2 per urban household increases from 1,689 kgco2 to 3,559 kgco2 in the period of The weight of CO2 emissions caused by different energy resources was made clear; (3) Energy consumption and CO2 emissions per household in the capital cities is 1.44-fold and 1.42-fold of the average, respectively. Keywords : China, Urban houses, Unit energy consumption, CO 2 emissions, Statistical data CO2 1. CO2 1) 6 2) 3) 4) 6 5) 23 () () CO2 CO CO2 2. * ** 横浜国立大学都市イノベーション研究院教授 工博東北大学総長特命教授 工博 Prof., Institute of Urban Innovation, Graduate School, Yokohama National University, D.Eng. President-appointed Extraordinary Prof., Tohoku University, D.Eng. 731

2 ()

3 8) kWh/ 2,115 kwh/ Ee kWh/ 212 ( 2.31 ) 5,177kWh/ 9) , LPG 54kg/ 39kg/ LPG 199 2) = = = = = = (kg/) (kg/) (kg/) (kg/ ) (/) (KWh/) (kg/) (2) E e = (y-21) R² =

4 kg/5kg/ / / ) GJ/ 9.1 GJ/ 7. GJ/ 2. GJ/ 7 2 2) GJ/ 23.1GJ/ 9 UEC = 1.126(y 21) (4) UEC(GJ/)y (4) GJ/ 1 LPG 212 (39%) (33%) (14%)LPG(8%)(4%)(1%) (m 3 /) (m 3 /) (GJ/)

5 LPG (GJ) UEC = 1.126(y-21) R² = LPG CO2 11) ={( )} 44/12 (5) LPG CO2 CO2 CO2 (kgco2/ ) (/ LPG kg/) ( GJ/ LPG GJ/kg) (kgc/gj) 7) 12) ( 2) 12) CO2 (kwh CO2 ) 3 CO2.714 kgco2/kwh kgco2/kwh CO2 CO2 7) %1% 7% CO2 735

6 CO 2 (kgco 2 /) LGP 35% 5% LPG 4% 3559kgCO 2 2% 54% 736

7 5.1 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO CO2 1,689kgCO2/ 3,559kgCO2/ CO CO2 CO2 54% 35% 89% CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 33.2GJ/ 5,59kg/ GJ/ 3,559 kg CO2/ CO2 (1) GJ/ 23.1GJ/212 (39%) (33%) (14%)LPG(8%)(4%)(1%) (2) CO2 1,689kg CO2/ 3,559 kg CO2/212 CO2 54% 35% 89% (3) CO ) pp ) 565 pp ) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 1) 11) 12) 737

8 UNIT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO 2 EMISSIONS OF URBAN HOUSES IN CHINA Qingyuan ZHANG * and Hiroshi YOSHINO ** * Prof., Institute of Urban Innovation, Graduate School, Yokohama National University, D.Eng. ** President-appointed Extraordinary Prof., Tohoku University, D.Eng. In recent years, with the economic development and the improvement of living standards in China, the energy consumption has been increasing significantly. To create a sustainable society, it is important to clarify the energy consumption and CO 2 emissions in the residential sector, especially that in the urban houses because China is in the process of urbanization. Studies on the residential energy consumption in China have been carried out in Japan as well as China. Yoshino et al. 1) have made clear the energy consumption of apartment houses for six Chinese cities by surveying; Zhang et al. 2) clarified the energy consumption for the capital cities in China in 1997 using the official statistics, developing a model predicting energy consumption in the residential houses in China; Ning et al. 3) investigated the structure of energy consumption using the Chinese statistics; Yu et al. 4) clarified energy consumption by questionnaire surveying and simulations for six Chinese cities; Ling et al. 5) investigated the consumption of electricity and gas for 23 areas in Beijing and made clear the average energy consumption except energy for district heating. All these studies can be classified into two methods: statistical and survey methods. With the statistical method, researches often face the problem of lacking the items needed in their researches; but with the survey method, it is difficult to tell if the results can represent the reality. Because the statistical method is based on large number of residents, it is used in this study. All the studies mentioned above have not been able to make clear the trend of energy consumption in the urban houses, nor the CO 2 emissions caused by the energy consumption. In this study, based on Chinese statistics, unit energy consumption for 277 Chinese cities is clarified during the period of The emissions of CO2 caused by energy consumption per household are also analyzed. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Energy consumption per urban household increases from 12.3 GJ to 23.1GJ in the period of The percentage of each kind of energy was clarified; (2) The emissions of CO2 per urban household increases from 1,689 kg CO2 to 3,559 kg CO2 in the period of The weight of CO2 emissions caused by different kinds of energy resources was made clear; (3) Energy consumption and CO2 emissions per household in the capital cities is 1.44-fold and 1.42-fold of the average, respectively. (216 年 2 月 3 日原稿受理,216 年 4 月 19 日採用決定 ) 738