Design-Build Services for Hollywood East, Gallagher Plaza & Northwest Tower Apartments RFP No. 10/13-225

Transcription

1 Design-Build Services for Hollywood East, Gallagher Plaza & Northwest Tower Apartments RFP No. 10/ EXHBT L Background nformation for Northwest Tower (L1-L12)

2 Exhibit L Northwest Tower Building System Age/Description/Condition Roof Built up roof replaced in Building Structure/Siding Concrete structure with metal panel cladding. Cladding replaced in 1993 and exterior building concrete areas painted. Windows Windows replaced in 1993 along with metal panel cladding. Exterior window sealing recommended in 2011 energy audit. Ventilation Roof mounted fans exhaust air from apartments, service, and public spaces. Make up air is provided through windows/doors. Outside air at the Annex building is also provided to an air handling unit. Studies in 2002 and 2010 recommended ventilation improvements. Water Piping Supply Original galvanized pipe with pex and copper repairs Engineering study noted system is functional but at the end of its expected useful life. Hot Water Original; Steam heat and hot water is supplied with 2 gas boilers & heat exchanger located in a rooftop mechanical penthouse. 3rd boiler added in 2005 to supply hot water in summer. A smaller steam converter and water heater are located in the Annex building. Hot water and heating systems/parts are failing and or obsolete Energy Audit recommended options for upgrade or replacement. Entry System and Video Security Keyfob system upgrade required to meet Home Forward standard. DVR system needs to be converted to ONSS product and P cameras with new DVR hardware. Fire Alarm Panel Upgraded in The Annex system is separate, but monitored by an addressable system in the Tower building. Elevators Two traction elevators upgrades with new ropes, controls and wiring in (Elevator Modernization Report, Elevator Consulting Services, nc., Feb 2001). No elevator in Annex building. Fire Sprinklers Sprinklers upgrades in Structural Concrete wall and floor slab construction. Shear walls are over stressed in the transverse and longitudinal direction up to the eighth floor level in a Tier 1 and 2 evaluation. mprovements needed for safe exiting per studies in 2001 and Building Heat Original steam coil heaters throughout the building are failing and parts are obsolete and unavailable. Backup Generator Generator installed in 1981 and tuned up in Exhibit L Northwest Tower

3 Exhibit L Northwest Tower Renovation Priorities Available nformation A1. Replacement of the central steam heating system and unit heaters Replace unit heaters, piping and boilers as necessary for new high efficiency heating system. Original Drawings Northwest Tower, Don Byers, Architect,1/24/62* Building Mechanical and Electrical System Review, PAE Consulting Engineers, nc., 7/13/10 Technical Analysis Study for Northwest Tower, Energy Trust of Oregon and Hodaie Engineering, nc. 5/9/11. A2. Replace domestic hot and cold water piping, fixtures, recirculation controls and water heaters. Building Mechanical and Electrical System Review, PAE Consulting Engineers, nc., 7/13/10 Piping Survey and Evaluation, R&W Engineering, nc., 2007 A3. ncrease bathroom and kitchen ventilation supply and exhaust rates for residential units and make ventilation improvements at building common spaces and corridors. A4. Seismic upgrades to structure, bracing of mechanical equipment and safe exiting improvements. Review existing seismic information and update as necessary. Building Mechanical and Electrical System Review, PAE Consulting Engineers, nc., 7/13/10 Ventilation Study, R&W Engineering, nc. 11/22/02 FEMA 310 Evaluation, WDY, 4/30/2001 (Three reports one for each structure) Structural Report, DC, 10/8/2007 A5. Energy efficiency improvements Seal window frames and install fire smoke damper for elevator shaft. Technical Analysis Study for Northwest Tower, Energy Trust of Oregon and Hodaie Engineering, nc. 5/9/11. A6. Common space improvements. Redesign to include lighting upgrades and new finishes (floors, ceilings, walls) at ground floor and corridors on upper levels. Asbestos Survey Report, PBS Engineering + Environmental, July (Two Reports) A7. Keyfob system upgrade required to meet Home Forward standard. DVR system needs to be converted to ONSS product and P cameras with new DVR hardware mprovements to coordinate with Home Forward standards * Please go to to download the original drawings. The password for downloading this file is QTLBMBZSD DB Scope Northwest Tower

4 Technical Analysis Study for Northwest Tower [Housing Authority of Portland] 335 NW 19 th Ave. Portland, OR MF0324 May 9, 2011 Version: Final Sponsored by Energy Trust of Oregon Existing Buildings Program Submitted by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235 Portland, OR (503)

5 Related Contacts Site Contact The following person was the main contact for the facility: Julie Livingston, Project Manager 135 WW Ash St. Suite 500 Portland, OR Phone: (503) [Cell] Fax: (503) Energy Trust Contact Program Management Contractor (PMC) is: Lockheed Martin, nc. 621 SW Morrison St. Suite 550 Portland, OR (503) ATAC Contact nformation Allied Technical Assistance Contractor (ATAC) is: Saifan Hodaie Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235 Portland, OR (503)

6 Acknowledgements We at Hodaie Engineering, nc. would like to acknowledge the contributions and involvement of Julie Livingston and Chris Lee of Housing Authority of Portland (HAP). Disclaimer n no event will Hodaie Engineering nc. be liable for (i) the failure of the customer to achieve the estimated energy savings or any other estimated benefits included herein, or (ii) for any damages to customer's site, including but not limited to any incidental or consequential damages of any kind, in connection with this report or the installation of any identified energy efficiency measures. Make an implementation decision: Next Steps for the Participant Please evaluate the information contained in this report and the proposed incentive offer listed in the Form 110C Project Detail and ncentive Estimates produced by Lockheed Martin upon successful review of this report. Have your contractors bid for the measure you want to implement and send us the quote of the final bid. LM will review the compliance of the scope of work in the bid to the energy efficiency measures identified in the report. Upon satisfactory review of the bid, you will receive a Form 120C ncentive Offer and Agreement form which is a committed incentive offer. Please sign this form prior to any purchase orders or making other financial commitments pertaining to the project. On Completion of the project: Notify Lockheed Martin of the completion of the project installation. Lockheed Martin may make a site visit for post-install inspection and will process the payment of incentive after the approval. Apply for Oregon Business Energy Tax Credits (BETC) if appropriate: n addition to Energy Trust incentives, you may be eligible for Oregon Business Energy Tax Credits (BETC). Business Energy Tax Credits application forms are also available online at or contact: Oregon Department of Energy 625 Marion St NE Salem OR Phone: (503) or (800) Fax: (503)

7 Table of Contents Detailed Description... 7 ntroduction... 7 Project Description... 7 Executive Summary... 8 Utility Billing... 9 Building Shell Tower Water Side HVAC System Domestic Hot Water Systems Exhaust Fans Controls Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Recommended EEMs Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Not Recommended EEMs Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Packages Modeling Process Software Procedure Model Calibration Detailed Description of Proposed Measures Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Recommended EEMs EEM 1 Reduce Air nfiltration EEM 2 nstall Make-Up Air Heat Recovery Units EEM 3 Replace UHs with High Efficiency Steam Units EEM 4 Upgrade Existing Steam System EEM 5 Replace Existing Steam Boiler EEM 6 Replace Steam System with Hot Water EEM 7 Replace Steam System with Hot Water Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Not Recommended EEMs EEM 8 Window and HVAC nterface EEM 9 nstall Heat Pump System for Common Areas EEM 10 Retrofit Existing UHs Package-, EEM-1 + EEM Package-, EEM-1 + EEM-3 + EEM Package-, EEM-1 + EEM-3 + EEM Life Cycle Cost Analysis Appendix: Baseline Appendix: EEM Appendix: EEM Appendix: EEM Appendix: EEM

8 Appendix: EEM Appendix: EEM Appendix: EEM Appendix: Package Appendix: Package Appendix: Package Appendix: Life Cycle Comparison... 53

9 List of Tables Table 1: Utility Billing Summary... 9 Table 2: Modeled Envelope Properties Table 3: Tower nternal Loads Table 4: Annex nternal Loads Table 5: Pump Location & Power Rating Table 6: Exhaust Fans Table 7: EEM Summary Table Table 8: Model Calibration Table 9: EEM-1 Changes Table 10: EEM-1 vs. Baseline End Use Table 11: EEM-2 Changes Table 12: EEM-2 vs. Baseline End Use Table 13: EEM-3 Changes Table 14: EEM-3 vs. Baseline End Use Table 15: EEM-4 Changes Table 16: EEM-4 vs. Baseline End Use Table 17: EEM-5 Changes Table 18: EEM-5 vs. Baseline End Use Table 19: EEM-6 Changes Table 20: EEM-6 vs. Baseline End Use Table 21: EEM-7 Changes Table 22: EEM-7 vs. Baseline End Use Table 23: Package- Changes Table 24: Package- vs. Baseline End Use Table 25: Package- Changes Table 26: Package- vs. Baseline End Use Table 27: Package- Changes Table 28: Package- vs. Baseline End Use... 36

10 7 Detailed Description ntroduction This report presents a summary of findings for the energy efficiency study of Northwest Tower Apartments in Portland, Oregon, owned and operated by HAP. The study is sponsored by the Energy Trust of Oregon. The site is located at an elevation of approximately 104 ft 2 above sea level. There is moderate to heavy wind shielding on all sides due to its urban location. Northwest Tower is composed of (2) separate buildings. The east building (also known as the Tower ) is 92,798 ft 2. The west building (also known as the Annex ) is 26,091 ft 2. The (2) buildings are both rectangular in shape. They are both oriented with the long axis facing east / west. There is a parking lot and a mechanical pit between the buildings. The (2) buildings together have a total floor space of 118,800 ft 2. Square footages listed here are based on drawings dated Jan. 4, These drawings are believed to be the original building plans. Project Description Northwest Tower is located at: 335 NW 19 th Ave. Portland, OR The Tower has a ground floor located partially below grade and (12) above grade stories for a total of (13) floors. The ground floor of the main Tower contains, storage, laundry, and a maintenance shop along the west side as well as (1) bedroom apartments on the east side. The remaining floors of the Tower contain (1) bedroom and studio apartments along both the east & west façades. n addition to the main Tower, there is an adjacent wing on the north side of the ground and 1 st floors which contains common areas. Common areas include; offices, lobby, game room, kitchen, and lounge. The Annex has (3) above grade floors. The 1 st floor contains (2) bedroom apartments along the east & west façades, as well as a laundry in the center of the building on the west side. Tower windows were upgraded in early 1990s. Both buildings are heated by a central steam plant serving unit heaters in each space. Exhaust fans are located on the roof. No outside ventilation air is provided. Northwest Tower is occupied year round. t has a typical residential occupancy pattern; close to full occupancy in the evening and night time, reduced during the day. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

11 8 Executive Summary Facility was audited, simulated in computer models and analyzed to construct a viable energy conservation program. Two options, namely retaining the existing steam system or replacing the existing system were examined. Option to retain the system presented in two alternatives: upgrade the steam system by repair or replace the steam system. To repair the system, two cases were considered: one is to replace the steam unit heaters with high efficiency units, repair boiler, replace pumps and etc (EEM-3, EEM-4) and the second is to replace the units heaters, boiler and pumps and etc (EEM-3, EEM-5). To replace the system, two options were studied. One is to install hot water heating system with new unit heaters (EEM-6). The other is to install hot water heating system with radiant heating serving the facility (EEM-7). ndependent of these options, EEM-1 and EEM-2 pertain to the facility general conditions and are recommended for implementations to address the uncontrolled air infiltration (EEM-1) and find solution to the lack of adequate facility pressurization (EEM-2). Three packages consisting of interactive EEMs are constructed to help the facility owner s decision in selecting the program that will be best suited. Also a Life Cycle Cost Analysis was performed to identify the most financially feasible approach. The findings identify Package- as most economically beneficial approach with highest energy conservation. This Package along with EEM-2 is recommended for implementation. EEM-6 was not included in the packages due to more efficient and less costly EEM-7, representing the program to replace the existing system. Package- will save 92,090 kwh/yr electric energy, 44,595 therms/yr in natural gas with total of $51,119 in annual energy cost savings and $38,000 in non energy cost. The simple payback period without ETO incentive is 5 years. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

12 9 Utility Billing The billing summary shown below contains the previous year billing period immediately preceding this study. Table 1: Utility Billing Summary Month Electric Usage(kWh) Natural Gas Usage(Therm) Combined Combined Jan 63,200 63,200 11,873 13,224 12,549 Feb 69,200 69,200 9,703 9,703 9,703 Mar 62,800 62,800 11,456 11,372 11,414 Apr 60,400 60,400 8,586 10,860 9,723 May 71,200 71,200 4,910 10,071 7,491 Jun 67,200 67,200 1,095 6,205 3,650 Jul 75,600 75, ,650 2,303 Aug 75,200 75,200 1,141 3,633 2,387 Sep 65,600 65,600 3,777 4,350 4,064 Oct 66,400 66,400 9,404 9,066 9,235 Nov 80,400 80,400 12,275 13,711 12,993 Dec 76,800 76,800 14, ,833 TOTAL 0 834, ,000 90, , ,343 TOTAL ENERGY USE [kbtu] 12,879,975 ENERGY USE NDEX [kbtu/ft2/yr] 116 A typical pre-1985 High Rise Apartment building has an energy use index (EU) of kbtu/ft 2 /yr, according to Portland General Electric energy use index guidelines. The 2010 gas usage in the months of May through August is about 15,400 therms more than the same period in The reason is this that during the 2010 period the steam boiler was utilized for DW heating due to lack of repair on the DW heater. The electric power usage for years prior to 2010 was not available for averaging purposes. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

13 10 Building Shell Typical constructions for Northwest Tower include concrete slab walls with metal façade, concrete slab roof with gravel, and double pane windows with air gap and aluminum framing. Windows are operable Construction for both buildings. Tower & Annex Table 2: Modeled Envelope Properties Envelope Parameter Roof Wall Window Description 1/2" Gravel, 3/8" Built-up Roofing, 5" Concrete, Ceiling air space, Batt. nsulation R-7, 1/2 Gypsum 1/16" Steel siding, 1/2" Polystyrene Foam, 6" Concrete, Air layer <3/4" vertical, Batt. nsulation R-3, 5/8" Gypsum Double pane, Clear, Air gap, Aluminum Frame Modeled U-Value [Btu/hr-ft2] U U Uglass-0.56, SHGC-0.81, Uframe (1.5 Typ. Width) Air nfiltration Both the east & west buildings have an extremely high air infiltration rates categorized as loose construction primarily caused by lack of ventilation air provisions in the air-side system and air leakages through mainly the existing unit heaters located in each apartment units. Exhaust fans are forced to pull air through the building envelope since no outside air has been provided for in the original design. nfiltration values are listed in the nternal Loads section below (Table-3). Please see EEM-1 for details. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

14 11 nternal Loads nternal loads consist of all sources of energy use & heat gain within the building. Load types for this building include; people, lights, computers, office equipment and kitchen appliances. An ETO lighting Trade Ally is recommended to audit lighting and controls for both buildings. t is also recommended to replace kitchen equipment in common kitchen and in apartment units to energy star rated unit. Tower The Tower has typical residential occupancy in the apartments and variable occupancy in the common areas. Table 3: Tower nternal Loads Space Occupancy [ft2/ppl] Sensible Heat Gain [Btu/Ppl] Latent Heat Gain [Btu/Ppl] Space Lighting [W/ft2] Equipment [W/ft2] nfiltration [ACH] External Lighting [W/ft2] (Façade) Apartments Solarium Laundry Kitchen Game Rm Library Office Storage Lobby Restrooms Stair Hallway Annex The Annex has typical residential occupancy in the apartments and variable occupancy in the common areas. Table 4: Annex nternal Loads Space Occupancy [ft2/ppl] Sensible Heat Gain [Btu/Ppl] Latent Heat Gain [Btu/Ppl] Space Lighting [W/ft2] Equipment [W/ft2] nfiltration [ACH] External Lighting [W/ft2] (Façade) Apartments Laundry Storage Lobby Stair Hallway Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

15 12 Water Side HVAC System Heating (2) 5,250 MBH 75% efficient scotch marine type steam boilers with three passes were installed in Only one boiler is functional. The functional boiler had major repairs conducted in t is estimated that the boiler will require replacement in The boilers are located in the Tower rooftop mechanical penthouse. Blow-down is performed manually in intermittent and make up water is provided through a tank located at the steam pit. Control valve and associated unions are constantly leaking. Leakages were observed at lower operating pressures also. Steam from this boiler provides heating energy to all air-side systems in both the Tower and Annex. Steam supply and condensate return piping to the Annex pass through the connecting parking garage. These piping are insulated. Domestic Hot Water Domestic water [DW] heating is provided in the Tower during the summer months by a 1,050 MBH, 90% (estimated) efficient domestic hot water DW heater. DW storage is provided by a 1,465 Gallon tank. The Tower DW heater is located in the penthouse mechanical room on the roof (along with the steam boiler). During the winter months DW heating is provided by a shell & tube heat exchanger [HX] with an estimated efficiency of 83%. The combined efficiency of the steam boiler and HX is therefore estimated to be 62.5%. Prior to the installation of this DW heater, the central steam boiler was used to heat DW through a shell & tube heat exchanger year round. The Annex has a separate DW heater with an estimated efficiency of 75%. This unit was installed in nformation on capacity of the heater is not available. NOTE: t is recommended to replace existing plumbing fixtures including shower heads to low flow types. Existing fixtures have excessive water usage. Pumping Due to the location of the steam boilers, DW heater in the rooftop mechanical penthouse, located above the 12th floor at approximately 105 ft above grade, pumping requirements for steam condensate and boiler feed water. Steam pit at the underground level houses the vacuum pump, duplex condensate return pumps, boiler feed tank and associated piping are at critical condition due to the rust and equipment age. Steam built up in the pit is excessive and has caused severe damages to the pumps and piping. Water leak and rust has rendered repair effort and lack of reliability a major problem. An exhaust fan to remove moisture from the pit is undersized and cannot meet the load. Due to defective and aging steam traps in the unit heaters steam is leaked into the condensate return piping causing superheated return lines. To cool the line, Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

16 maintenance staff utilizing city water continuously. t is estimated that more than 6 GPM of city water is used 24/7 during the heating periods amounting to approximately 1.5 million gallons of fresh water annually. Fresh water usage and its deposit to the city swage are costing about $17,000 annually. Table 5: Pump Location & Power Rating 13 Pump System Power [hp] (2) Vacuum Pump (2) Condensate Return Pump Steam Condensate System BF-1 5 BF-2 Boiler Feed Water 5 BF-3 5 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

17 14 Air Side HVAC System Systems The Tower and Annex are heated by steam unit heaters [UH] in each space. Typical UH have 200 CFM of supply flow and no outside air provided by the unit. All make up air for the exhaust fans, listed in the following section, is by shell air infiltration through the building shell. An original air handling unit with steam coil serves the lounge area with 750 cfm capacity. Game room and offices are served with PTAC units in addition to steam heating. Steam unit heaters in the apartments are installed in 1963 and have various maintenance issues such as fan failure, lack of controls, nonfunctional valves and faulty steam traps. Several apartment units in the upper floor have their windows open due to overheating while the steam boiler was in full operation Exhaust Fans There are (4) exhaust fans [EF] in the Tower located on the rooftop. They pull air from the restrooms and corridor through mechanical shafts, which run vertically through the full length of the Tower to the rooftop EFs. Table 6: Exhaust Fans Fan Building Exhaust Flow [CFM] Fan Power [hp] EF-1 4,125 3/4 EF-2 5,300 3/4 Tower EF-3 9,425 2 EF-4 9,425 2 EF-5 2,400 1/2 EF /6 Annex EF /6 EF-8 2,400 1/3 Controls Facility has no Building Automation System (BAS). Boiler has no operable automatic controls for burner firing rate. Steam boilers operate to maintain 13 psi steam pressure in the manifold. t is energized at 6 psi and is de-energized at the 13 psi. t operates at maximum capacity without modulating firing rate. ndividual steam unit heaters have mercury thermostats with two-speed fans. Speed controls are not functional and several thermostats are defective and old to maintain accurate space temperatures. Unit heater automatic valves are old and are not responsive as designed. Some corridor steam radiators have no thermostats with steam valves open. All pumping is constant flow. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

18 15 Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Recommended EEMs EEM-1. EEM-2. EEM-3. EEM-4. EEM-5. EEM-6. EEM-7. Reduce air infiltration. This EEM recommends sealing window frames and isolating the UHs in the wall cavities to reduce uncontrolled air infiltration. nstall heat recovery make up air units. Two units, one for each building will be installed to pressurize the corridors and extract heat from the exhaust air. Replace UHs with high efficiency steam units. New steam units with high efficiency fans will be installed with new steam traps, control valves and thermostats. Upgrade existing steam system. nstall new tubes in the boiler, calibrate differential pressure sensors, install control panel to control burner firing rate based on demand and replace condensate and vacuum pumps in the steam pit. Replace rusted piping with insulated piping. ncrease exhaust from the steam pit. DHW will be provided by the existing boiler only. Replace existing steam System. Same as EEM-4 except install two new steam boilers with controls to sequence the boiler operation. This EEM and EEM-4 are mutually exclusive. Convert steam system to hot water-. Replace steam system with hot water system. nstall new pumping, replace steam units with hot water units with thermostats. Abandon existing steam pit. Convert Steam system to hot water-. Same as EEM-6 except that this EEM proposes installation of fin pipe radiators instead of unit heaters. This EEM and EEM-6 are mutually exclusive. Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Not Recommended EEMs EEM-8. EEM-9. Window and HVAC interface. nstall new thermostats and window contacts. De-energize unit heaters whenever the window is open. nstall heat pump system for common areas. Remove PTACs from offices and game room. nstall a single split heat pump unit with ducting. EEM-10. Retrofit existing UHs. Replace steam traps, control valves and electric motors in the UHs. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

19 16 Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Packages Package- nteractive model of EEM-1 and EEM-7. Package- nteractive model of EEM-1, EEM-3 and EEM-4. Package- nteractive model of EEM-1, EEM-3 and EEM-5. Table 7: EEM Summary Table Measure Number Annual Electric Savings [kw/h] Annual Gas Savings [Therm] Annual Energy Cost Savings Non- Energy Cost Savings Total Cost Savings ncremental nstallation Costs Simple Payback [Yrs] EEM-1 28,310 19,200 $21,260 $0 $21, , EEM-2-52,780 27,200 $23,989 $0 $23, , EEM-3 73,700 20,900 $25,973 $35,000 $60, , EEM-4 5,800 11,800 $12,301 $2,000 $14,301 45, EEM-5 7,070 23,500 $24,202 $3,000 $27, , EEM-6 78,620 43,620 $49,245 $38,000 $87, , EEM-7 91,740 42,610 $49,091 $38,000 $87, , Package-1 92,090 44,595 $51,119 $38,000 $89, , Package-2 78,160 33,700 $39,196 $38,000 $77, , Package-3 81,120 35,789 $41,501 $38,000 $79, , NOTE: Non-energy cost savings are the savings that do not directly save energy, typically service and/or maintenance. NOTE: Energy costs used for analysis are; $0.066/kWh and $1.01 per therm. These are standard rates from the Energy Trust of Oregon provided for energy cost analysis. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

20 17 Modeling Process Software equest is a sophisticated free-ware building energy use analysis tool. equest is designed to allow the user to perform detailed comparative analysis of building designs and technologies by applying sophisticated building energy use simulation techniques. This is accomplished by combining schematic and design development building creation wizards, an energy efficiency measure (EEM) wizard and a graphical results display module with a complete up-to-date DOE-2 (version 2.2) building energy use simulation program. DOE2.2 is an energy usage simulation program, which was jointly developed by Lawrence Berkeley and Los Alamos National Laboratories for the U.S. Department of Energy. DOE-2.2 is a program designed to determine the energy use of both new and existing buildings utilizing an hour-by-hour simulation procedure. While DOE-2.2 is generally accepted as the most accurate building energy simulation program, the predicted energy usage should not be interpreted as an absolute prediction. The actual energy usage may differ from the prediction due to variations in occupancy, maintenance procedures and weather conditions. Procedure A single baseline model containing created based on the current building construction and operation. Each building model was then calibrated to the preceding year s monthly energy billing. A modified baseline was then created by modeling code-efficiency cooling in the classroom units for comparison with EEM-1. This building model was then altered to reflect future cooling in the classrooms creating a modified baseline. The DOE models have been utilized to size the equipment where information was unavailable or it was deemed necessary to calibrate the model to the adjusted billing history. A new model was created by changing the modified baseline model to represent the proposed condition. This procedure was repeated for each EEM. The energy use of each EEM was then subtracted from the baseline model to determine savings. Quantification of the building Air infiltration has been conducted utilizing infrared imaging to identify air leakage areas and blower door testing method to quantify the amount of air leakage at different testing pressures. This establishes the Baseline Building infiltration rate, which is modeled in equest. Crack method using ALCAP field data and gradual testing of different components established the component contributions to air infiltration. Air infiltration values at the ambient testing conditions were normalized for the annual ambient conditions. EEM is then established by identifying the remedy to the uncontrolled infiltration. The findings were entered in the EEM model to calculate its impact on the overall energy usages. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

21 18 Model Calibration This section compares the energy billing for the facility from the preceding year with the energy use predicted by the model on a monthly basis. Table 8: Model Calibration Month Electric Usage(kWh) % 2010 Model Deviation Natural Gas Usage(Therm) % 2010 Model Deviation Jan 63,200 80,590 22% 12,549 15,300 18% Feb 69,200 71,450 3% 9,703 12,700 24% Mar 62,800 76,330 18% 11,414 11,600 2% Apr 60,400 71,640 16% 9,723 9,600-1% May 71,200 70,350-1% 7,491 6,800-10% Jun 67,200 63,700-5% 3,650 3,600-1% Jul 75,600 62,390-21% 2,303 2,000-15% Aug 75,200 62,930-19% 2,387 2,000-19% Sep 65,600 62,450-5% 4,064 2,900-40% Oct 66,400 72,640 9% 9,235 8,700-6% Nov 80,400 74,370-8% 12,993 11,700-11% Dec 76,800 80,060 4% 14,833 14,700-1% TOTAL 834, ,900 2% 100, ,600 1% Explanation: Electric usage pattern indicates fluctuations in moderate ranges. Calibration of model to mimic the usage pattern was found to be closest if it is allowed to differ in the summer months due to sporadic usages of PTAC units in the apartment units. Natural gas usage pattern in the model was calibrated to mimic the average of two years in usages. t is noted that in the summer of 2010 the steam boiler has been utilized to generate DHW. This consequently has increased the natural gas usages over 15,000 therms.. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

22 19 Detailed Description of Proposed Measures Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Recommended EEMs EEM 1 Reduce Air nfiltration Baseline Condition Air infiltration and exfiltration occur due to constant air exhaust from the building inducing negative pressure throughout the buildings. Combined with the stack effect in Tower building specifically, the air infiltration has significant effect in facility energy usages. nfrared images indicate air flow from the spaces channeled through vertical columns in the building shell. Blower door testing indicates majority of the air infiltration from the space occur through the unit heater leaking air to the exterior walls. Unit heaters are installed in the exterior wall cavity. The original unit casings are rusted and piping penetration areas are not sealed. Testing indicates that there is in2 effective leakage area in a typical one bedroom unit at about 4 Pascal space pressure resulting in air changes per hour (ACH). As the unit heaters were masked off the ACH reduced to at the same pressure. ndividual window panel testing indicates that 4.3 CFM of air is leaking through linear feet of window crack with total leakage linear feet of n addition to these major leakage areas, air infiltration occur through elevator shaft and various building exterior doors. nfrared imaging indicates that approximately (30) metal panels in the Tower and Annex will require sealing. Proposed Condition Box in the existing unit heaters in the wall and seal piping penetrations to the unit heaters. nspect window to the window frame and window frame to wall sealant and apply fresh sealant at the defective areas. t is recommended to install fire smoke damper for the elevator shaft. Table 9: EEM-1 Changes tem Baseline EEM nfiltration Rate 1.42 ACH 0.54 ACH Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

23 20 Table 10: EEM-1 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,780 39,230 4, , , ,580-1, ,080 2, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 56,100 26, ,500 Gas Savings 0 19, ,200 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

24 21 EEM 2 nstall Make-Up Air Heat Recovery Units Baseline Condition Existing exhaust fans in both buildings are operating continuously year round. All the residential units and corridors are exhausted through (4) exhaust fans at each building creating negative pressure throughout the facility. The make-up air to the buildings is through uncontrolled air infiltration. There is no heat recovery system to extract heat from the exhaust air. nternal wall cavities of approximately 24 wide are utilized as the exhaust shaft. Exhaust ducts from the shaft are ducted to a single duct and exhausted to the atmosphere by their respective exhaust fans on the roof. This shaft is also utilized for DW and steam piping risers. Proposed Condition Remove (4) exhaust fans on the roof and install a heat recovery unit. Each building will receive a unit to recover heat from the exhaust air and provide 100% makeup air to prevent space negative pressure thus reducing the air infiltration and enhance occupant comfort. All the exhaust ducts at roof will be connected to a single duct and connected to the proposed make-up air unit. Make-up air unit will have an blank plenum for future installation of a DX cooling coil if the facility decides to provide cooling for the corridors. Existing apartment doors have approximately ¼ undercut to provide minimal conditioned air to the residential units. t is recommended to blank off exhaust openings from the corridors and pressurize the corridors by the proposed make-up air units. Both MAUs will have steam heating coils, filter sections and heat recovery wheels. Make-up air unit for the Tower will provide 28,275 CFM and Annex unit will provide 6,150 CFM. t is estimated that the Tower unit will have a 15 HP fan motor and Annex unit 5 HP supply fan. NOTE: Modeling output indicates increase in pumping energy. This is a software error due to assuming heat recovery unit with hot water heating system rather than the steam. The increase in electric usage of 40,800 kwh/yr due to pumping energy increase is been deducted from the total usages. Energy cost of $2,693/yr is also deducted from the total energy cost. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

25 22 Table 11: EEM-2 Changes tem Baseline EEM MAU Tower MAU Annex HRC Wheel NA NA NA SF= kw/cfm, Exh Fan kw/cfm= SF= kw/cfm, Exh Fan kw/cfm= Exh PD=0.2, Supply PD=0.2, Effectiveness=76%, Wheel Motor kw/cfm Corridors Exhaust only Supply only Table 12: EEM-2 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,340 41,610 4, , , ,670-1, , , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 48,100 26, ,500 Gas Savings 0 27, ,200 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

26 23 EEM 3 Replace UHs with High Efficiency Steam Units Baseline Condition Existing unit heaters have defective steam traps, control valves and low efficiency fans. As noted, the malfunctioning traps causing superheated condensate line and unit heater defective casings allowing air infiltration through the units to the building façade. Mercury thermostats are at the end of their functional life. Parts for the existing units are not manufactured any more. Maintenance of these units are extensively time consuming and difficult. Proposed Condition Replace all (330) the unit heaters with new high efficiency units. Proposed units will have ECM motors with electronic thermostats. Piping connections to the units will be sealed to and unit will be installed air tight. This will reduce infiltration and maintain space temperature and pressure. Units will deliver 200 CFM with a 30 Watts ECM motor. Non-Energy Savings Description This measure will save $17,000 water and sewage cost of cooling superheated condensate line. Maintenance cost savings based on one hour a day at the $50/hr labor cost is approximately $18,000/yr. Estimate on parts replacements is not available. Total savings is approximately $35,000/yr. Table 13: EEM-3 Changes tem Baseline EEM nfiltration 1.42 ACH 0.63 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm Heating Temp, F Table 14: EEM-3 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,620 38,390 4, , , , ,240 3, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 54,400 26, ,800 Gas Savings 0 20, ,900 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

27 24 EEM 4 Upgrade Existing Steam System Baseline Condition Existing boiler operating at 75% efficiency with single firing rate. t is energized at 6 psi steam manifold pressure and is de-energized at 13 psi. Existing boiler tubing is over ten years old, burner firing rate is not controlled and steam pit equipment and piping including condensate return pump and vacuum pump are at the end of their functional life due to superhot and corrosive environment in the pit. Differential pressure sensors need calibration, control valve and associated piping unions are leaking and require replacement and or repair. Exhaust fan in the steam pit is undersized. Steam boiler is utilized to generate domestic hot water causing excessive energy usages. Proposed Condition Steam valve to the heat exchanger will be closed and domestic hot water will be generated by the water heater in the Tower. Separation of the domestic hot water usage from steam system will reduce the need for full load steam generation. To take advantage of partial loads, the system will require upgrade. Changing boiler tubing, installing control panel, calibrating sensors and replacing pumps will increase system s operating efficiencies. t is recommended to replace the pit exhaust fan with larger unit. Non-Energy Savings Description This measure will have an average of $2,000 maintenance and parts savings for boiler, pumps and associated control. Estimate is based on conversation with the maintenance staff. Table 15: EEM-4 Changes tem Baseline EEM Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 62.5% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 77% Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

28 25 Table 16: EEM-4 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 7, ,890 37,780 4, , , , ,970 3, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 71,000 18, ,900 Gas Savings 0 4,300 7, ,800 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

29 26 EEM 5 Replace Existing Steam Boiler Baseline Condition Same as EEM-4. This EEM and EEM-4 are mutually exclusive. Proposed Condition Same as EEM-4 except that this EEM is proposing replacing the boiler with two new boilers. Each boiler will have 2,500 MBH capacity and will operate in a lead and lag fashion. This will optimize steam generation by taking advantage of the partial load demand. The overall thermal efficiency of the boilers will be 85%. Non-Energy Savings Description This measure will have additional $1,000 maintenance cost savings due to installation of new boilers. Total savings is approximately $3,000/yr. Table 17: EEM-5 Changes tem Baseline EEM Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 62.5% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 85% Table 18: EEM-5 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 7, ,860 34,540 4, , , , , , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 59,300 18, ,200 Gas Savings 0 16,000 7, ,500 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

30 27 EEM 6 Replace Steam System with Hot Water- Baseline Condition Steam system is nearly 50 years old and is beginning to impose cascading maintenance cost increases. Some steam condensate lines are beginning to have defective segments. Steam system is costly in maintenance and the cost can cascade as the system ages. Proposed Condition This EEM proposes replacement of the steam system with hot water. Steam piping at the branch lines will be inspected for reuse in the hot water system. But it is expected that major piping replacement will be necessary. This EEM proposes the replacement of all the unit heaters with new hot water units and installation of high efficiency condensing boilers to replace the existing boiler. Two 15 HP pumps will be installed for the hot water circulation. Corridor steam radiators will be replaced with hot water radiators. New electronic thermostats will maintain space temperature. Unit heaters will be installed air tight to prevent air infiltration. Non-Energy Savings Description Similar to EEM-3, this measure will save $35,000 in maintenance cost. n addition, similar to EEM-5, this measure will save $3,000 annually. The total savings is approximately $38,000/yr. Table 19: EEM-6 Changes tem Baseline EEM Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 63% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 92% nfiltration 1.42 ACH 0.63 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm % Heating Temp, F Pumping Condensate Return and Vacuum Pumps (2) 15 HP HW pumps Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

31 28 Table 20: EEM-6 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,480 32,570 4, , , , ,380 9, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 39,142 18, ,080 Gas Savings 0 36,158 7, ,620 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

32 29 EEM 7 Replace Steam System with Hot Water- Baseline Condition Same as EEM-6. This EEM and EEM-6 are mutually exclusive. Proposed Condition Same as EEM-6 except that this EEM proposes installation of fin pipe radiators instead of unit heaters. mplementation of this measure will require removing the unit heaters and capping the wall openings. Natural convection system can be installed at floor level with approximately 5 feet of pipe length along the window lines. This measure will save fan power at each apartment units. This measure will use more heating energy in compare to forced convection system. Non-Energy Savings Description Similar to EEM-3, this measure will save $35,000 in maintenance cost. n addition, similar to EEM-5, this measure will save $3,000 annually. The total savings is approximately $38,000/yr. Table 21: EEM-7 Changes tem Baseline EEM Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 63% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 92% nfiltration 1.42 ACH 0.63 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm % Heating Temp, F Pumping Condensate Return and Vacuum Pumps (2) 15 HP HW pumps Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

33 30 Table 22: EEM-7 vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,280 32,650 4, , , , ,580 8, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 40,152 18, ,090 Gas Savings 0 35,148 7, ,610 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

34 31 Energy Efficiency Measure Summary Not Recommended EEMs EEM 8 Window and HVAC nterface Baseline Condition One in six upper floor apartment windows in Tower were observed open while the boiler was in full operation. This is due to stack effect commonly observed in specifically loose high rise buildings. Tower shell construction is considered loose based on the conducted blower door testing and infrared imaging. Proposed Condition This EEM studies the installation of window contacts and its interface with the apartment s thermostats. Whenever any window is open the unit heaters will be deenergized. There are 330 windows are affected with this measure. This EEM is not cost effective due to high number of windows and associated cost. Based on an estimate from DeTemple Mechanical, each window and HVAC interface will cost approximately $400 (includes $100/thermostat) with the total cost of $132,000. The energy cost savings could offset the initial cost of installation to render the EEM payback period lower than ten years and therefore is not recommended. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

35 32 EEM 9 nstall Heat Pump System for Common Areas Baseline Condition PTAC units are serving game room and offices in the first and second floors of the Tower. Proposed Condition This EEM study the installation of a split system air to air heat pump unit to serve the game room and offices. The unit will be installed on the second floor of the common areas in the Tower and supply and return air will be ducted to the spaces. This system will require fire dampers at the floor penetrations. t is estimated that a 4-ton cooling capacity unit will meet the cooling demand. Based on modeling results the energy cost savings could not offset the installation cost to render the measure payback period lower than (10) years. Therefore not recommended. But if the decision were made to install this unit it will be eligible for the Standard Track incentives. Please see the Appendix Section EEM-9 for incentive information. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

36 33 EEM 10 Retrofit Existing UHs Baseline Condition UHs have defective steam traps and control valves. Fan motors are old and inefficient. Proposed Condition Replace steam traps, control valves and electric motors in the UHs. Due to lack of manufactured parts and difficulties in accessing the parts this measure is not practical. The associated cost will be higher than the replacement recommended in EEM-3. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

37 34 Package-, EEM-1 + EEM-7 Baseline Condition As described in EEM-1 and EEM-7. Proposed Condition By implementing EEM-7, major concerns of the EEM-1 is also addressed by installing air tight fin pipe radiators. This package will replace existing steam system with hot water heating system. Non-Energy Savings Description Similar to EEM-1 and EEM-7 this measure will save $38,000 in maintenance cost. Table 23: Package- Changes tem Baseline EEM nfiltration Rate 1.42 ACH 0.54 ACH Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 63% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 92% nfiltration 1.42 ACH 0.63 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm % Heating Temp, F Pumping Condensate Return and Vacuum Pumps (2) 15 HP HW pumps Table 24: Package- vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,270 32,160 4, , , , ,590 9, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 38,167 18, ,105 Gas Savings 0 37,133 7, ,595 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

38 35 Package-, EEM-1 + EEM-3 + EEM-4 Baseline Condition As described in EEM-1, EEM-3 and EEM-4. Proposed Condition By implementing EEM-3, major concerns of the EEM-1 is also addressed by installing air tight unit heaters. This package will upgrade existing steam system by boiler upgrades, and replacing the pumps. Non-Energy Savings Description Similar to EEM-1, EEM-3 and EEM-4 this measure will save $38,000 in maintenance cost. Table 25: Package- Changes tem Baseline EEM nfiltration Rate 1.42 ACH 0.54 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm Heating Temp, F Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 62.5% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 77% Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Table 26: Package- vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,630 34,770 4, , , , ,230 6, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 49,100 18, ,000 Gas Savings 0 26,200 7, ,700 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

39 36 Package-, EEM-1 + EEM-3 + EEM-5 Baseline Condition Same as EEM-6. This EEM and EEM-6 are mutually exclusive. Proposed Condition By implementing EEM-3, major concerns of the EEM-1 is also addressed by installing air tight unit heaters. This package will upgrade existing steam system by boiler and pumping replacements. Non-Energy Savings Description Similar to EEM-1, EEM-3 and EEM-5 this measure will save $38,000 in maintenance cost. Table 27: Package- Changes tem Baseline EEM nfiltration Rate 1.42 ACH 0.54 ACH UH Fan kw/cfm Heating Temp, F UH Fan kw/cfm Pump Eff DOE Default 92% Tower DWH Eff 62.5% 90% Boiler Eff 75% 85% Table 28: Package- vs. Baseline End Use [kw/h] [Therms] Space clg Space Htg Hot Water Vent. Fans Pumps & Aux. Ext. Lights Misc. Equip. Area Lights Total Baseline Electricity EEM Electricity Electric Savings Baseline Gas 7, ,860 41,610 4, , , ,890 8, ,870 31,570 4, , , , ,990 10, , ,300 26, ,700 EEM Gas 0 39,519 26, ,911 Gas Savings 0 35, ,789 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

40 37 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Life cycle cost analysis [LCCA] provides a more comprehensive cost comparison over the lifespan of the measure (often dictated by the lifespan of installed equipment). n additions to the first cost of equipment installation, LCCA incorporates energy costs, recurring annual costs such as maintenance, and recurring non-annual costs such as replacement of equipment and components. n addition to a comprehensive approach to system costs, the time value of money is taken into consideration using projected inflation and discount rates as well as fuel cost escalation over time. These rates are based on published standards from the US Department of Energy. This comprehensive approach to selecting an appropriate energy efficiency measure is especially useful for long term building owners who expect to own and operate their building for an extended period of time. EEM Packages This LCCA considered (3) alternatives compared to the baseline energy use and maintenance costs with inflation and fuel rate escalation. The alternatives are: Package EEM-1&7: Reduce air infiltration and convert steam system to hot water with fin pipe radiators Package EEM-1,3,4: Reduce air infiltration, replace UH with new high efficiency steam UH, and upgrade existing steam system Package EEM 1,3,5: Reduce air infiltration, replace UH with new high efficiency steam UH, and replace existing steam boilers with new high efficiency units These (3) alternatives are mutually exclusive options for addressing the heating system at the Northwest Tower building. The comparison presented here is intended to aid the building owner in deciding which solution will provide the best long term investment. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

41 38 Results Package- has the lowest first cost and provides the best savings over the life of the system. Typically there is a trade-off between first cost and long term energy savings but in this case both favor the same package. Figure 1: Package-,, Life Cycle Costs The chart above shows the cost curve for each of the (3) packages described above. As you can see, package- has the lowest first cost at the beginning of the comparison and savings increase over time. Package- continues to save more over time due to repair and costs for the boiler at 15 years and steam boiler replacement costs at 20 years in package-. Package- will require repairs at 15 years as well. For details of calculation see Appendix: Life Cycle Comparison. Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

42 39 Appendix: Baseline Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

43 40 Appendix: EEM-1 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

44 Appendix: EEM-2 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

45 Appendix: EEM-3 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

46 Appendix: EEM-4 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

47 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

48 Appendix: EEM-5 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

49 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

50 Appendix: EEM-6 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

51 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

52 Appendix: EEM-7 Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

53 Appendix: Package- Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

54 Appendix: Package- Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

55 Appendix: Package- Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

56 Appendix: Life Cycle Comparison Prepared by Hodaie Engineering nc. 227 SW Pine St. Suite 235, Portland, OR

57 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Prepared for: Housing Authority of Portland General nformation 1.1 nspection Summary 1.2 Photo Documentation Sample nventories Laboratory Data AHERA Certificates Not Numbered Not Numbered May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: SW Corbett Avenue, Portland, OR Main Fax Toll-Free

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59 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY DATES SURVEYED BY ACTVTY 3/12/2009 Clark Nelson 3/12/2009 Katie Duman Pre-Renovation Asbestos Survey Pre-Renovation Asbestos Survey PBS has investigated accessible representative areas inside of the building(s) to locate suspect asbestos-containing building materials (ACBM). Suspect materials may be present in concealed areas (e.g., behind walls and under carpet). The findings are listed below. ASBESTOS MATERALS The following materials either tested positive, or, based on the experience of PBS field personnel, were not tested and should be considered asbestos-containing. Materials that had mixed results are considered positive. Materials not sampled may not contain asbestos and should be tested to verify asbestos content prior to impact through demolition, renovation, etc. (+) Tested Positive, (M) Mixed Results, (P) Presumed Positive, (T) Previously Tested Positive. Result Material (type) Location Approx. Quantity (M) Covebase/Mastic Residual throughout building NOT QUANTFED (+) Fire Door Entries to all units, stairwells, cafeteria, kitchen, boiler room, electric room, maintenance office and rubbish chutes 195 EA (M) Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Throughout NOT QUANTFED (+) Mastic Maintenance office under 12-inch tile 115 SF (+) Reflective Heat Shields Throughout units on light fixtures NOT QUANTFED (+) Residual Black Mastic Under carpet in some units and under carpet on twelfth floor corridor NOT QUANTFED (M) Sink and Counter Undercoating Kitchens 1,638 SF (+) Tank nsulation Roof top boiler room and garage mechanical space 477 SF (+) Valve End Caps Roof top boiler room and garage mechanical space 80 EA (M) Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Cafeteria 480 SF (+) Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Throughout units, exposed and under carpet, 12-inch tile, and sheet flooring material, twelfth floor janitor closet, maintenance office bathroom, bottom layer in cafeteria restrooms 57,413 SF May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

60 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY MATERALS WHCH TESTED NEGATVE FOR ASBESTOS The following materials tested negative by NVLAP participating laboratories. Although no asbestos was detected, it is possible that further sampling could indicate asbestos content. t may be prudent to test prior to impact through demolition, renovation, etc. Material (type) Exterior Caulk Fiberglass Pipe Wrap Formica Mastic Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Glued-on Woven Covering Gypsum Wallboard Resilient Textured Flooring Sheet Floor Covering Troweled on Ceiling Texture Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Location Exterior windows and metal panels Pipes throughout building Kitchens Corridors and elevator lobbies Throughout units on walls and ceilings Throughout building Stairwell landings Bathrooms over asbestos-containing floor tile and mastic Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) unit ceilings Top layer in the unit kitchens, cafeteria restrooms, and single layer in cafeteria kitchen May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

61 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY BACKGROUND On March 12 and 13, 2009, PBS performed a pre-renovation asbestos survey at Northwest Tower Apartments, located at 335 NW 19 th Avenue, in Portland, Oregon. Northwest Tower is a thirteen-story apartment complex consisting of 150 units and is owned and operated by the Housing Authority of Portland. The purpose of the survey was to identify asbestos-containing building materials that may be impacted by proposed building renovations. The survey scope did not include all units; only the following 39 units were investigated: 07, 09, 011, 107, 109, 112, 202, 208, 210, 303, 304, 306, 402, 407, 408, 502, 503, 508, 601, 603, 605, 701, 702, 703, 801, 805, 810, 902, 910, 912, 1002, 1008, 1011, 1102, 1103, 1106, 1201, 1207, and Units 07, 09, 107, 109, 202, 208, 210, 402, 407, 408, 502, 508, 601, 701, 702, 801, 810, 902, 910, 1002, 1008, 1102, 1201, and 1207 are one-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Units 011, 112, 303, 304, 306, 503, 603, 605, 703, 805, 912, 1011, and 1211 are studio apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Units 1103 and 1106 are one-bedroom ADA apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Samples of suspect asbestos-containing materials (ACM) were collected and submitted under chain of custody to Lab/Cor Portland, nc. for polarized light microscopy (PLM) analysis. Representative samples of gypsum board with asbestos-containing joint compound were further analyzed by gravimetric point count to determine the percentage of asbestos in the composite wallboard and joint compound system. These samples revealed a less than one percent asbestos detected result. Therefore, the gypsum board and joint compound walls are not considered a regulated asbestos-containing material by Oregon DEQ. ASBESTOS SUMMARY The following summarizes asbestos-containing materials and their locations. Asbestos-containing materials were determined based on samples collected from representative units and common areas in the complex. t is assumed the same conditions are present in units that were not inspected. Asbestos-containing materials and their approximate quantities are listed on page 1.2 of this report. The quantities listed represent the total amount of each type of material for the entire complex, based on the representative units investigated. UNTS Entry: Carpet was observed over either asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete or residual asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete in the entries. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present. The entry door is an asbestos-containing fire door. n some units, light fixtures with asbestos-containing heat shields are present in the entries. A Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the entry. Living Room: Carpet was observed over either asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete or residual asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete throughout the living rooms. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the living room. A non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the living room. May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

62 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY Kitchen/Kitchenette: Non-asbestos 12 inch by 12 inch vinyl floor tile over asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the kitchens. The stainless steel countertops and sink have asbestos-containing black undercoating. n some units, light fixtures with asbestos-containing heat shields are present in the kitchen. A nonregulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was present in the kitchen. Bathroom: A combination of either non-asbestos sheet vinyl flooring over asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile and asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete or non-suspect ceramic tile was observed in the bathrooms. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic was also observed in the bathroom. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed in the bathroom. Bedroom Hall: Carpet was observed over either asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete or residual asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete in the bedroom halls. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom hall. n some cases, light fixtures with asbestos-containing heat shields are present in the bedroom hall. A non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the bedroom hall. Bedroom Hall Closets: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the closets. n some cases, the floor tile is concealed under carpet. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom hall closets. n some units, asbestos-containing hard fittings are present in these closets. A non-regulated asbestoscontaining gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the bedroom hall closets. Bedroom: Carpet was observed over either asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete or residual asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete in bedrooms. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom. A nonregulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the bedroom. Bedroom Closet: Exposed asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestoscontaining black mastic on concrete was observed in the bedroom closets. Residual asbestoscontaining covebase mastic is also present int the bedroom closets. A non-regulated asbestoscontaining gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the bedroom closet. COMMON AREAS Ground Floor Corridor: Carpet over concrete was observed in this corridor. Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was also observed in the corridor. The doors to the stairwell are fire doors as are the doors to each unit. The janitor closet in this corridor was observed to contain asbestos-containing hard fittings. A non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall system was observed in the ground floor corridor. Fire doors were also observed in this corridor. May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

63 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY Corridors on the 1st, 4th, 7th and 11th Floors: Carpet over concrete was observed in these corridors. Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was also observed. Ceilings have five ceiling hatches per floor, with asbestos-containing hard fittings above them. The doors to the stairwell are fire doors, as are the doors to each unit. Each of these floors was observed to have a rubbish chute and each chute had an asbestos-containing fire door. Each of these floors also has a janitor s closet, which was observed to contain asbestos-containing hard fittings. Asbestos-containing hard fittings are also present at the south end of these corridors. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed on these corridors. Corridor on the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 12th Floors: Carpet over concrete was observed in these corridors, with the exception of the twelfth floor, where carpet was observed over asbestos-containing residual black mastic. The twelth floor janitor closet was observed to have asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch asbestos-containing vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic. Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was also observed on these floors. The doors to the stairwell are fire doors as are the doors to each unit. Each of these floors was observed to have a rubbish chute and each chute had an asbestos-containing fire door. Asbestos-containing hard fittings are also present at the south end of these corridors. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed in these corridors. Boiler Room: A combination of non-asbestos fiberglass fittings and asbestos-containing hard fittings and hangers were observed in the roof top boiler room. These asbestos-containing fittings range in size, up to a 12-inch diameter. The hot water storage tank and the heat exchanger were both observed to be insulated with asbestos-containing tank insulation. The original boilers have been abated and replaced. Fire doors were also observed in the boiler room. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall build-outs were observed in the roof top boiler room. Garage Mechanical Room: Asbestos-containing tank insulation was observed in the garage mechanical room. Additionally, asbestos-containing fittings, valve end caps, and hangers were observed in this mechanical room. A fire door was also observed in the garage mechanical. Garage Laborer Storage Room: Asbestos-containing fittings and hangers were observed in this location. Tunnels: Asbestos-containing hard fittings and hangers were observed from the storage room end of the tunnel. Tenant Storage Rooms: Asbestos-containing hard fittings and hangers were observed in these locations. Maintenance Offices: Non-asbestos containing 12 inch by 12 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestoscontaining black mastic on concrete was observed in addition to asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete in the bathroom. Asbestos-containing hard fittings were observed in this location. Stairwells: Asbestos-containing hard fittings were observed in the stairwells, in addition to fire doors. Cafeteria: Asbestos-containing 12 inch by 12 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic was observed in the cafeteria. On the east end of the room, the floor tile is covered with carpeting. Fire May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

64 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY doors are present in the cafeteria. Asbestos-containing hard fittings were observed in this location. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed in the cafeteria. Cafeteria Restrooms: One layer of non-asbestos vinyl floor tile and associated mastic over asbestoscontaining vinyl floor tile and asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete is present in the restrooms off the cafeteria. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed in the cafeteria restrooms. Kitchen: Asbestos-containing hard fittings were present in the kitchen. A combination of Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and concrete wall system was observed in the kitchen. Elevator Lobbies: Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was observed in the elevator lobbies on all floors. Non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound wall and ceiling systems were observed in the elevator lobbies. Laundry Room: Asbestos-containing hard fittings were observed in the laundry room, as well as a fire door. Electrical Room: Asbestos-containing fire doors were observed in the electrical room. Asbestos Regulatory ssues The State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations require proper removal and handling of asbestos-containing materials by licensed and trained asbestos abatement contractors prior to renovation or demolition impacts. n addition, the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has specific requirements when workers may encounter or disturb ACM or when ACM is removed. n 1994, Oregon-OSHA adopted federal regulations governing asbestos, (29 CFR Part 1926, 1101), these regulations have made significant changes in work procedures and how asbestos materials are removed. OSHA believes that the single biggest problem is to workers who unknowingly or improperly disturb asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Hazard communication, training, personal protection, work practices, exposure monitoring and recordkeeping are all major components of the regulation. Oregon Administrative Rules-340, Division 32 and 33 also covers asbestos abatement requirements, removal notifications, licensing and certifications for contractors. Refer to the following references for the proper removal of asbestos-containing materials: 1. Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OAR-437, asbestos) 2. Department of Environmental Quality (OAR-340, Division 248) May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

65 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19 th Avenue Portland, Oregon Asbestos-Containing Material Quantities nspected Areas Northwest Tower Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Floor Tile/Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Carpet/ Floor Tile or Residual Mastic (SF) Covebase Mastic (LF) Sheet Flooring/ Floor Tile/ Mastic (SF) Heat Shields (EA) Sinks/ Counters with Undercoating (EA) Exposed Hard Fittings/ Hangers (EA) Chute Fire Door (EA) Tank nsulation (SF) Endcaps Unit # (EA) Fire Doors (EA) May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

66 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19 th Avenue Portland, Oregon Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Floor Tile/Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Carpet/ Floor Tile or Residual Mastic (SF) Covebase Mastic (LF) Sheet Flooring/ Floor Tile/ Mastic (SF) Heat Shields (EA) Sinks/ Counters with Undercoating (EA) Exposed Hard Fittings/ Hangers (EA) Chute Fire Door (EA) Tank nsulation (SF) Endcaps Unit # (EA) Corridors Boiler Room NQ NQ Garage Mechanical Room Garage Laborer Storage Tenant Storages Tunnels NQ NQ Maintenance Office Stairwells Cafeteria Cafeteria Restrooms Kitchen Elevator Lobbies Laundry Room Electric Room SF = Square Feet NQ = Not Quantified EA = Each LF= Linear Feet Notes: 1. Units 07, 09, 107, 109, 202, 208, 210, 402, 407, 408, 502, 508, 601, 701, 702, 801, 810, 902, 910, 1002, 1008, 1102, 1201, and 1207 are one-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. 2. Units 011, 112, 303, 304, 306, 503, 603, 605, 703, 805, 912, 1011, and 1211 are studio apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. 3. Units 1103 and 1106 are one bedroom ADA apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Fire Doors (EA) May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

67 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 1: Northwest Tower Exterior PHOTO 2: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile and associated asbestos-containing mastic. t is typically exposed in the closets and under carpet throughout the rest of apartment. Asbestos-containing brown covebase mastic was also observed. 2.1 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

68 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 3: Stainless steel counters and sinks in kitchen. Both the underside of the counters and the basins on the sinks have asbestos-containing black sink undercoating. PHOTO 4: Asbestos-containing fire doors were found on the rubbish chutes in the corridors. 2.2 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

69 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 5: Asbetos-containing hard fittings on fiberglass were found above the ceiling in corridors on the 1st, 4th, 7th, and 11th floors. PHOTO 6: Asbestos-containing tank insulation in the roof top boiler room. 2.3 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

70 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 7: Asbestos-containing heat reflectors in light fixtures in various locations throughout the units. PHOTO 8: Non-asbestos vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic in the maintenance office. 2.4 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

71 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 9: Asbestos-containing valve end caps in the parking structure mechanical room. PHOTO 10: Asbestos-containing residual black mastic under carpet. 2.5 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

72 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 11: Non-asbestos sheet flooring material over asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile and asbestos-containing black mastic. 2.6 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

73 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Sink Undercoating Unit 407; kitchen, black on stainless steel sink and counters black shaved tar 4% Chrysotile Glued-on Wall Cov. Unit 407; bedroom wall white woven tape with white paint Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 407; bedroom, hall closet, 9" tan with black mastic vinyl tile, tan 12% Chrysotile mastic, black 4% Chrysotile Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Layer 3 Comments: Unit 407; kitchen wall paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white GRR=0.093,. 3% Chrysotile Mastic Unit 407; kitchen, mastic under wall panels brown compressed fibers Covebase/Mastic Unit 407; living room, 4" brown with brown mastic Layer 2 Layer 3 vinyl, brown mastic, brown fine compact powder, white <1% Anthophyllite 3% Chrysotile Mastic Unit 407; living room, carpet mastic and residual black mastic Layer 2 tar, black compact powder with yellow mastic, white 3% Chrysotile 3. 1 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

74 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 407; kitchen, 12" white and blue, with gold mastic, top layer vinyl tile, cream mastic, yellow Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 407; kitchen, 9" tan with black mastic, bottom layer vinyl tile, tan 12% Chrysotile mastic, black 5% Chrysotile Sheet Floor Covering Layer 2 Unit 407; bathroom, aqua sheet, over tan 9" tile, top layer vinyl tile, green/blue mastic, cream Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 210; bedroom closet, 9" blue/green with white streaks and black mastic vinyl tile, olive green mastic, black 18% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Covebase/Mastic Unit 210; bedroom, 4" brown with brown mastic vinyl, brown Layer 2 mastic, brown <1% Anthophyllite Glued-on Wall Cov. Unit 210; bedroom wall white woven tape Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Unit 210; kitchen wall Layer 2 fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Sheet Floor Covering Layer 2 Unit 210; bathroom, aqua streak pattern, top layer over floor tile vinyl tile, blue mastic, cream 3. 2 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

75 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Sink Undercoating Unit 210; kitchen, black on stainless steel sink and counters black shaved tar 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 210; kitchen, 12" white and blue with gold mastic, top layer vinyl tile, cream mastic, yellow Mastic Unit 210; kitchen, mastic under wall panels brown compressed fibers Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Twelfth floor; main corridor, janitor closet, 9" brown with black mastic vinyl tile, brown mastic, black 12% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Twelfth floor; main corridor, janitor closet wall fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Fire Door Twelfth floor; main corridor, rubbish chute, fire door white fibrous compact powder 8% Amosite, <1% Crocidolite Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Layer 2 Twelfth floor; main corridor, 1' x 1' crevice and random pinhole with gold mastic compressed fibers, grey mastic, yellow Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Eleventh floor; main corridor, north ceiling hatch, above glued-on ceiling tiles grey fibrous compact powder with paint 3. 3 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

76 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Eleventh floor; main corridor, elevator lobby, 1'x1' stippled moonscape grey compressed fibers with white paint Mastic Ninth floor; main corridor, south end, residual brown covebase mastic brown mastic <1% Anthophyllite Fire Door Eigth floor; main corridor, rubbish chute, fire door white fibrous compact powder 8% Amosite, <1% Crocidolite Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Fourth floor; main corridor, custodial closet tan fibrous compact powder Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Fourth floor; main corridor, custodial closet fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Resilient Flooring Stairwell; 2' x 2' black resilient flooring on landing Layer 2 Layer 3 rubbery material, black mastic, cream paint with grey plaster, white Resilient Flooring Stairwell; 2' x 2' black resilient flooring on landing Layer 2 rubbery material, black mastic with grey paint, cream Hard Fittings/Fiberglass First floor; main corridor, custodial closet grey fibrous compact powder 3. 4 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

77 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Ground floor; gold room kitchen, 12" grey over leveling compound Layer 2 Layer 3 vinyl, grey woven material, white compact powder with mastic, white Covebase/Mastic Ground floor; gold room kitchen, 4" black with white mastic Layer 2 Layer 3 rubbery material, black mastic, cream compact powder with paint, white Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Roof top boiler room; pipe fitting white fibrous compact powder <1% Amosite Tank nsulation Roof top boiler room; hot water storage tank white fibrous compact powder 4% Chrysotile, 6% Amosite Tank nsulation Roof top boiler room; heat exchanger white fibrous compact powder 6% Chrysotile, 8% Amosite, <1% Crocidolite Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Roof top boiler room; pipe fitting woven material w/ paint, tan Layer 2 compact powder, white and <1% Amosite grey Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Roof top boiler room; pipe fitting white fibrous compact powder 5% Chrysotile, 8% Amosite Pipe Wrap Roof top boiler room; fiberglass pipe wrap Layer 2 aluminum foil, silver paper with black mastic, white May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

78 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Layer 3 Roof top boiler room; wall by doorway, build-out paint, green fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 3 Unit 1211; living room, 9" grey with black mastic under yellow carpet mastic vinyl tile, grey mastic, yellow mastic, black 18% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Heat Shield Unit 1211; kitchenette, heat shield in light fixture Layer 2 aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, tan 40% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 1211; kitchenette, 12" white with blue streaks, yellow mastic, top layer vinyl tile, white mastic, yellow Covebase/Mastic Unit 1211; kitchenette, 4" brown with brown mastic vinyl, brown Layer 2 mastic, brown <1% Anthophyllite Sink Undercoating Unit 1211; kitchenette, black on stainless steel sink and counters black tar 5% Chrysotile Textured Ceiling Material Sink Undercoating Unit 1103; bedroom, troweled-on ceiling texture white compact powder with white paint Unit 1103; kitchen, white on stainless steel sink white shaved compact powder 3. 6 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

79 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Unit 701; bedroom closet, 9" tan with black mastic vinyl tile, tan 12% Chrysotile Layer 2 mastic, black 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 508; bedroom hall, closet, 9" grey with black mastic vinyl tile, grey 18% Chrysotile mastic, black 5% Chrysotile Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Unit 208; bedroom, closet wall Layer 2 Layer 3 paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Covebase/Mastic Unit 208; living room, 4" brown with brown mastic Layer 2 rubbery material, brown mastic, cream/white Sink Undercoating Unit 208; kitchen, black on stainless steel sink black tar 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 208; kitchen, 12" white with yellow mastic, top layer vinyl, cream/white mastic, brown/yellow Sheet Floor Covering Layer 2 Unit 208; bathroom, aqua, top layer over tile vinyl tile, blue mastic, cream/yellow Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Maintenance office; 12" mixed browns with black mastic vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 5% Chrysotile 3. 7 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

80 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Garage mechanical room; fitting on fiberglass white fibrous compact powder <1% Amosite Endcap Garage mechanical room; endcap Layer 2 fibrous compact powder, white compact powder, grey 8% Amosite Endcap Garage mechanical room; endcap white fibrous compact powder 3% Chrysotile, 5% Amosite Pipe Wrap Garage mechanical room; pipe wrap with tar over fiberglass Layer 2 fibrous tar, black paint, white Tank nsulation Layer 2 Garage mechanical room; boiler feed water storage tank insulation fibrous compact powder, light grey woven material, white 5% Chrysotile, 8% Amosite Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Ground floor; gold room, tan speckled 12" with black mastic vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 12% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Ground floor; gold room, restroom, 12" black, top layer vinyl tile, black mastic, clear Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Layer 3 Ground floor; gold room, restroom, tan tile with black mastic, bottom layer mastic, yellow vinyl tile, grey mastic, black 12% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile 3. 8 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

81 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower 335 NW 19th Avenue Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Ground floor; gold room, ADA restroom, 12" grey with black mastic Layer 2 vinyl tile, white mastic, black Vinyl Floor Tile Ground floor; gold room, 12" dark grey brown vinyl tile 12% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile Ground floor; gold room, light grey with tan streaks white vinyl tile Vinyl Floor Tile Ground floor; gold room, 12" tan white vinyl tile Caulk Exterior; caulking between window frame and concrete clear mastic Caulk Exterior; caulking around exterior metal panels black tar May Project No.: Phase No.: 0012

82 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Client: PBS Engineering + Environmental Job Number: Project Name: Project Number: Phase 0012 Project Notes: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 P.O. No: n/a Client Sample D: Sample D: S1 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous shaved tar, black 100 % 4 % % 96 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S2 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous woven tape with white paint, white 100 % - 20 % - 80 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S3 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 95 % 5 % 12 % % % 96 % 12 % 4 % Page No.: Page 1 of 19

83 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S4 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 3 % 7 % 90 % 3 % % 97 % - 5 % - 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S5 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compressed fibers, brown 100 % - 80 % - 20 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S6 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl, brown mastic, brown Layer 03 fine compact powder, white 97 % Comments: anthophylite is way less than 1% - a few fibers detected 2 % Anthophyllite- Trace 1 % 3 % % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Layer % 3 % < 1 % 3 % Page No.: Page 2 of 19

84 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S7 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of tar, black compact powder with yellow mastic, white 20 % 80 % 3 % Trace - 97 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S8 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, cream mastic, yellow 99 % 1 % 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Comments: brown/yellow mastic insufficient for accurate analysis Client Sample D: Sample D: S9 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 99 % 1 % 12 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S10 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, green/blue mastic, cream 97 % 3 % 100 % 100 % 3 % 12 % 5 % Page No.: Page 3 of 19

85 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S11 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, olive green mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S12 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl, brown mastic, brown 97 % Comments: anthophylite is way less than 1% - a few fibers detected 3 % Anthophyllite- Trace 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S13 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous woven tape, white 100 % - 20 % - 80 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S14 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 10 % 90 % 3 % % - 5 % - 95 % 18 % 5 % < 1 % 3 % Page No.: Page 4 of 19

86 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S15 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, blue mastic, cream 99 % 1 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S16 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous shaved tar, black 100 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S17 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, cream mastic, yellow 99 % 1 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S18 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compressed fibers, brown 100 % - 80 % - 20 % Page No.: Page 5 of 19

87 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S19 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, brown mastic, black 99 % 1 % 12 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S20 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 30 % 70 % 3 % % - 20 % - 80 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S21 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % - 8 % Trace 92 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S22 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of compressed fibers, grey mastic, yellow 95 % 5 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % 100 % 12 % 5 % 3 % 8 % Page No.: Page 6 of 19

88 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S23 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder with paint, grey 100 % - 5 % 5 % 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S24 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compressed fibers with white paint, grey 100 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S25 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous Comments: anthophylite is way less than 1% - a few fibers detected mastic, brown 100 % Anthophyllite- Trace < 1 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S26 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % - 8 % Trace 92 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S27 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, tan 100 % % 95 % 8 % Page No.: Page 7 of 19

89 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S28 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fine compact powder with paint, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 50 % 50 % 3 % % - 10 % - 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S29 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, black mastic, cream Layer 03 paint with grey plaster, white Layer % 2 % 1 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S30 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, black mastic with grey paint, cream 98 % 2 % 100 % 100 % 3 % Page No.: Page 8 of 19

90 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S31 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, grey 100 % - Trace 5 % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S32 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl, grey woven material, white Layer 03 compact powder with mastic, white Layer % 1 % 50 % - 35 % - 65 % % Trace % Client Sample D: Sample D: S33 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, black mastic, cream Layer 03 compact powder with paint, white Layer % 5 % 5 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Page No.: Page 9 of 19

91 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S34 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % - Trace - Comments: sample was too small to accurately analyze quantity - nothing left for QC % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S35 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % 4 % 6 % % 85 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S36 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % 6 % 8 % Trace % 81 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S37 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of woven material w/ paint, tan compact powder, white and grey 80 % 20 % - Trace % - 50 % % 95 % < 1 % 10 % 14 % < 1 % Page No.: Page 10 of 19

92 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S38 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % 5 % 8 % % 82 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S39 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of aluminum foil, silver paper with black mastic, white 30 % 70 % 100 % - 50 % - 50 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S40 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, green fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 5 % 20 % 75 % 100 % 100 % - 2 % - 98 % 13 % Page No.: Page 11 of 19

93 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S41 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, grey Layer 03 mastic, black Layer 03 mastic, yellow Layer 03 Layer % 1 % 5 % 18 % % % 95 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S42 Date Analyzed: 03/22/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, tan 10 % 90 % 40 % % - 50 % - 10 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S43 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, white mastic, yellow 96 % 4 % 100 % 100 % 18 % 5 % 40 % Page No.: Page 12 of 19

94 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S44 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl, brown mastic, brown 96 % Comments: anthophylite is way less than 1% - a few fibers detected 4 % Anthophyllite- Trace 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S45 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous < 1 % tar, black 100 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S46 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compact powder with white paint, white 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S47 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous shaved compact powder, white 100 % - 20 % - 80 % Page No.: Page 13 of 19

95 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S48 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 97 % 3 % 12 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S49 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, grey mastic, black 97 % 3 % 18 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S50 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 3 % 27 % 70 % 3 % % 97 % - 20 % - 80 % 12 % 5 % 18 % 5 % 3 % Page No.: Page 14 of 19

96 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S51 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, brown mastic, cream/white 95 % 5 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S52 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous tar, black 100 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S53 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl, cream/white mastic, brown/yellow 99 % 1 % 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Comments: brown/yellow mastic insufficient for accurate analysis Client Sample D: Sample D: S54 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, blue mastic, cream/yellow 98 % 2 % 100 % 100 % Page No.: Page 15 of 19

97 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S55 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 98 % 2 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S56 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % - Trace % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S57 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fibrous compact powder, white compact powder, grey 80 % 20 % - 8 % % 82 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S58 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous compact powder, white 100 % 3 % 5 % % 87 % 5 % < 1 % 8 % 8 % Page No.: Page 16 of 19

98 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S59 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fibrous tar, black paint, white 50 % 50 % - 20 % - 80 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S60 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of fibrous compact powder, light grey woven material, white 95 % 5 % 5 % 8 % - 87 % % - - Client Sample D: Sample D: S61 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 95 % 5 % 12 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S62 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, black mastic, clear 99 % 1 % 100 % 100 % 13 % 12 % 5 % Page No.: Page 17 of 19

99 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S63 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of mastic, yellow vinyl tile, grey Layer 03 mastic, black Layer 03 1 % 98 % 1 % 12 % % - - Comments: black mastic insufficient for accurate quantity analysis 100 % 88 % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S64 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, white mastic, black 96 % 4 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S65 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous 12 % 5 % vinyl tile, brown 100 % 12 % % 88 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S66 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous vinyl tile, white 100 % 100 % Page No.: Page 18 of 19

100 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/23/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S67 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous vinyl tile, white 100 % Comments: need more sample to accurately analyze 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S68 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous mastic, clear 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S69 Date Analyzed: 03/23/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous tar, black 100 % 100 % This laboratory participates in the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP). Testing method is per 40 CFR 763 Subpart F, Appendix A, PLM. Layered samples are considered non-homogeneous."misc" is miscellaneous. "" is. Asbestos consists of the following minerals: chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, anthophyllite. Small diameter fibers such as those found in vinyl floor tiles, may not be detected by PLM. Asbestos detection interferences may result from material binders. Qualitative and quantitative TEM analysis may be recommended for difficult samples. Quantitative analysis by PLM point count or TEM is recommended for samples testing at < or = to 1% asbestos. The following estimate of error for this method by visual estimation of asbestos percent are as follows: 1% asbestos: 0-3% error, 5% asbestos: 1-9% error, 10% asbestos: 5-15% error, 20% asbestos: 10-30% error. This report pertains only to the samples listed on the report. Report considered valid only when signed by analyst. Reviewed by: zumi Harris Analyst Page No.: Page 19 of 19

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105 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Client: PBS Engineering + Environmental 1310 Main Street Vancouver, WA Job Number: Project Name: Project Number: Project Notes: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 04/15/2009 P.O. No: n/a Client Sample D: Sample D: S1 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0012 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous powder, gray Comments: GRR= % Point Count: 0 Point Count Fields: % Client Sample D: Sample D: S3 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0013 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous Comments: GRR=0.348 Point Count: 11 Point Count Fields: 400 fine powder, gray 100 % 2.75 % % % Client Sample D: Sample D: S5 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0014 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous Comments: GRR=0.343 Point Count: 7 Point Count Fields: 400 fine powder, gray 100 % 1.75 % % % Page No.: Page 1 of 2

106 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 04/15/2009 This laboratory participates in the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP). Testing method is per 40 CFR 763 Subpart F, Appendix A, PLM. Layered samples are considered non-homogeneous."misc" is miscellaneous. "" is. Asbestos consists of the following minerals: chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, anthophyllite. Small diameter fibers such as those found in vinyl floor tiles, may not be detected by PLM. Asbestos detection interferences may result from material binders. Qualitative and quantitative TEM analysis may be recommended for difficult samples. Quantitative analysis by PLM point count or TEM is recommended for samples testing at < or = to 1% asbestos. The following estimate of error for this method by visual estimation of asbestos percent are as follows: 1% asbestos: 0-3% error, 5% asbestos: 1-9% error, 10% asbestos: 5-15% error, 20% asbestos: 10-30% error. This report pertains only to the samples listed on the report. Report considered valid only when signed by analyst. Reviewed by: Payam Amin Analyst Page No.: Page 2 of 2

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109 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Prepared for: Housing Authority of Portland General nformation 1.1 nspection Summary 1.2 Photo Documentation Sample nventories Laboratory Data AHERA Certificates Not Numbered Not Numbered May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: SW Corbett Avenue, Portland, OR Main Fax Toll-Free

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111 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY DATES SURVEYED BY ACTVTY 3/16/2009 Clark Nelson 3/16/2009 Katie Duman Pre-Renovation Asbestos Survey Pre-Renovation Asbestos Survey PBS has investigated accessible representative areas in the building(s) to locate suspect asbestos-containing building materials (ACBM). Suspect materials may be present in concealed areas (e.g., behind walls and under carpet). The findings are listed below. ASBESTOS MATERALS The following materials either tested positive, or, based on the experience of PBS field personnel, were not tested and should be considered asbestos-containing. Materials that had mixed results are considered positive. Materials not sampled may not contain asbestos and should be tested to verify asbestos content prior to impact through demolition, renovation, etc. (+) Tested Positive, (M) Mixed Results, (P) Presumed Positive, (T) Previously Tested Positive. Result Material (type) Location Approx. Quantity (M) Covebase/Mastic Throughout NOT QUANTFED (+) Fire Door Throughout NOT QUANTFED (+) Heat Shield Various locations in units NOT QUANTFED (+) Joint Compound Throughout NOT QUANTFED (+) Sink Undercoating Kitchens 30 EA (+) Valve End Caps Laundry Room 20 EA (M) Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Throughout units 19,254 SF MATERALS WHCH TESTED NEGATVE FOR ASBESTOS The following materials tested negative based on testing by NVLAP participating laboratories. Although no asbestos was detected, it is possible that further sampling could indicate asbestos content. t may be prudent to test prior to impact through demolition, renovation, etc. Material (type) Fabric Wall Covering Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Lay-in Ceiling Tile Sheet Floor Covering Location Throughout all units on walls Corridors Above corridor ceilings Main entry lobby and central stair landings Bathrooms over floor tile and mastic May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

112 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY BACKGROUND On March 16, 2009, PBS performed a pre-renovation asbestos survey at Northwest Tower Annex located at 1936 NW Flanders Street, in Portland, Oregon. Northwest Tower Annex is a three-story apartment complex consisting of 30 units and is owned and operated by the Housing Authority of Portland. The purpose of the survey was to identify asbestos-containing building materials that may be impacted by proposed building renovations. The survey scope did not include all units; only the following six units were investigated: 159, 160, 254, 256, 356, and 359. Units 159, 160, 254, and 359 are two-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Units 256 and 356 are three-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. Samples of suspect asbestos-containing materials (ACM) were collected and submitted under chain of custody to Lab/Cor Portland, nc. for polarized light microscopy (PLM) analysis. Representative samples of gypsum board with asbestos-containing joint compound were further analyzed by gravimetric point count to determine the percentage of asbestos in the composite wallboard and joint compound system. These samples revealed less than one percent asbestos. Therefore, the gypsum board and joint compound walls are not considered a regulated asbestoscontaining material by Oregon DEQ. ASBESTOS SUMMARY The following summarizes asbestos-containing materials and their locations. Asbestos-containing materials were determined based on samples collected from representative units and common areas in the complex. t is assumed the same conditions are present in units that were not inspected. Asbestos-containing materials and their approximate quantities are listed on page 1.2 of this report. The quantities listed represent the total amount of each type of material for the entire complex, based on the representative units investigated. UNTS Living Room: Exposed asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile and asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the living rooms. Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was also observed in the living room. The wall and ceiling system is a combination of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Kitchen: Non-asbestos 12 inch by 12 inch vinyl floor tile over asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the kitchens. The walls and ceiling are a combination of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present. The stainless steel countertops and sink have asbestos-containing black undercoating. n some units, light fixtures with asbestos-containing heat shields are present in the kitchen. n one unit, asbestoscontaining hard fittings were observed in the kitchen. Bathroom: Non-asbestos sheet vinyl flooring over asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile and asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the bathrooms. The walls and May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

113 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY ceiling consist of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound construction with residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic. Bedroom Hall: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the bedroom halls. The walls and ceiling are a combination of nonregulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom hall. n some cases, light fixtures with asbestos-containing heat shields are present in the bedroom hall. Bedroom Hall Closets: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the closets. The walls and ceiling are a combination of nonregulated asbestos containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom hall closets. Bedroom: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in bedrooms. The walls and ceiling are a combination of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Residual asbestoscontaining covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom. Bedroom Closet: Asbestos-containing 9 inch by 9 inch vinyl floor tile with asbestos-containing black mastic on concrete was observed in the bedroom closets. The walls and ceiling are a combination of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound and non-suspect concrete. Residual asbestos-containing covebase mastic is also present in the bedroom closet. COMMON AREAS Corridors: Wall systems consist of non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound were observed in the corridors. Non-asbestos glued-on ceiling tiles were observed over the nonregulated gypsum board with asbestos-containing joint compound on the ceilings. Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was also presumed to exist in the corridors. The doors to the exterior stairwells are fire doors as are the doors to each unit. Each floor also has an asbestos-containing fire door on the rubbish chute. Stairwells: Presumed asbestos-containing fire doors were observed in the stairwells. Elevator Lobbies: Asbestos-containing residual brown covebase mastic was observed in the elevator lobbies on all floors. The elevator lobby walls were observed to be non-regulated asbestos-containing gypsum board/joint compound. The ceilings were observed to be non-asbestos glued-on ceiling tiles over non-regulated gypsum board with asbestos-containing joint compound. Laundry Room: Asbestos-containing valve end caps were observed in the laundry room. Storage Rooms: The storage room ceiling systems were observed to be a non-regulated asbestoscontaining gypsum board/joint compound. May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

114 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR NSPECTON SUMMARY Asbestos Regulatory ssues The State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations require proper removal and handling of asbestos-containing materials by licensed and trained asbestos abatement contractors prior to renovation or demolition impacts. n addition, the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has specific requirements when workers may encounter or disturb ACM or when ACM is removed. n 1994, Oregon-OSHA adopted federal regulations governing asbestos, (29 CFR Part 1926, 1101), these regulations have made significant changes in work procedures and how asbestos materials are removed. OSHA believes that the single biggest problem is to workers who unknowingly or improperly disturb asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Hazard communication, training, personal protection, work practices, exposure monitoring and recordkeeping are all major components of the regulation. Oregon Administrative Rules-340, Division 32 and 33 also covers asbestos abatement requirements, removal notifications, licensing and certifications for contractors. Refer to the following references for the proper removal of asbestos-containing materials: 1. Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OAR-437, asbestos) 2. Department of Environmental Quality (OAR-340, Division 248) May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

115 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, Oregon Asbestos-Containing Material Quantities nspected Areas Northwest Tower Annex Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Floor Tile/Floor Tile/Mastic (SF) Covebase Mastic (LF) Sheet Flooring/ Floor Tile/ Mastic (SF) Heat Shields (EA) Sinks/ Counters with Undercoating (EA) Fire Doors (EA) Rubbish Chute Fire Doors (EA) Unit # Corridors Stairwells Elevator Lobbies Laundry Rooms Storage Rooms SF = Square Feet NQ = Not Quantified EA = Each LF = Linear Feet Notes: Units 159, 160, 254, and 359 are two-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. 2. Units 256 and 356 are three-bedroom apartments with identical layouts and dimensions. End Caps (EA) May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

116 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 1: Tan asbestos-containing floor tile and mastic with white non-asbestos floor tile laid over it. PHOTO 2: Tan asbestos-containing floor tile and mastic with non-asbestos aqua sheet flooring laid over it in the bathroom. 2.1 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

117 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 3: Asbestos-containing floor tile and mastic and covebase with asbestos-containing mastic. PHOTO 4: Asbestos-containing black sink undercoating on stainless steel sink basins and countertops. 2.2 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

118 Asbestos Survey Report Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR PHOTO DOCUMENTATON PHOTO 5: Asbestos-containing heat reflector in light fixture. PHOTO 6: Asbestos-containing fire door on rubbish chute. 2.3 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

119 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Sink Undercoating Unit 359; kitchen, black on stainless sink and counters black tar 4% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Unit 359; kitchen, 12" white with yellow mastic, top layer Layer 2 vinyl tile, white mastic, yellow Covebase/Mastic Unit 359; living room, 4" brown with brown mastic Layer 2 rubbery material, brown mastic, brown <1% Anthophyllite Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Unit 359; living room, 9" grey with black mastic Layer 2 vinyl tile, greenish grey mastic, black 18% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Fabric Wall Covering Unit 359; living room, woven and glued on walls Layer 2 woven material w/ paint, white mastic, cream Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Ground level corridor; above ceiling at hatch grey compact powder Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Unit 356; bedroom hall closet, 9" tan with black mastic Layer 2 vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 18% Chrysotile 5% Chrysotile Covebase/Mastic Unit 356; bedroom, 4" brown with brown mastic Layer 2 rubbery material, brown mastic, brown <1% Anthophyllite May Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

120 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Comments: Layer 2 Layer 3 Unit 356; bedroom hall, closet wall paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white GRR=0.348, 0.96% Asbestos 3% Chrysotile Sheet Floor Covering Layer 2 Unit 356; bathroom, aqua, top layer over floor tile vinyl tile, blue mastic, yellow Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 254; bedroom hall, closet, 9" grey with black mastic vinyl tile, greenish grey 18% Chrysotile mastic, black 5% Chrysotile Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Unit 254; bedroom, closet wall Layer 2 Layer 3 paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Heat Shield Unit 254; bedroom hall, reflective heat shield on light fixture Layer 2 aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, beige 50% Chrysotile Sink Undercoating Unit 160; kitchen, black on stainless steel sinks and counters black tar 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 160; bedroom hall closet, 9" tan with black mastic vinyl tile, tan 18% Chrysotile mastic, black 5% Chrysotile 3. 2 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

121 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Layer 3 Unit 160; bedroom, closet wall paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Fabric Wall Covering Layer 2 Unit 160; bedroom hall, closet wall woven material w/ paint, white mastic, cream Covebase/Mastic Unit 160; bedroom hall closet, 4" brown with brown mastic Layer 2 rubbery material, brown mastic, brown <1% Anthophyllite Sheet Floor Covering Layer 2 Unit 160; bathroom, aqua, top layer over floor tile vinyl tile, blue mastic, yellow Heat Shield Unit 159; bedroom hall, reflective heat shield on light fixture Layer 2 aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, beige 50% Chrysotile Sink Undercoating Unit 159; kitchen, black on stainless steel sink and counters black tar 5% Chrysotile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Unit 159; bedroom hall, 9" grey with black mastic vinyl tile, greenish grey 18% Chrysotile mastic, black 5% Chrysotile 3. 3 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

122 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Gypsum Wallboard/Joint Compd. Layer 2 Layer 3 Unit 159; bedroom hall, closet wall paint, white fine compact powder, white compact chalky material w/ paper, white 3% Chrysotile Fabric Wall Covering Layer 2 Unit 159; bedroom hall, closet wall woven material w/ paint, white mastic with paint, cream Sheet Floor Covering Layer Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Layer 2 Unit 159; bathroom, aqua, top layer over floor tile vinyl tile, blue mastic with paint, cream and brown Third floor corridor; 1'x1' stippled moonscape with gold mastic compressed fibers, gray mastic, yellow Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Third floor corridor; 12" green with brown mastic green vinyl tile Vinyl Floor Tile/Mastic Layer 2 Third floor corridor; 12" white with brown mastic vinyl tile, white mastic with dirt, yellow Covebase/Mastic Third floor corridor; 4" green with white mastic Layer 2 vinyl tile, green mastic, cream and brown Lay-in Ceiling Tile Third floor corridor; stair lobby, 2'x2' stippled moonscape grey compressed fibers with white paint 3. 4 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

123 Asbestos Survey Report BULK SAMPLE NVENTORY Northwest Tower Annex 1936 NW Flanders Street Portland, OR Code Material Location Results Lab Lay-in Ceiling Tile Third floor corridor; stair lobby, 2'x2' stippled moonscape grey compressed fibers with white paint Glued-on Ceiling Tiles Layer 2 Second floor corridor; 1'x1' stippled moonscape with gold mastic compressed fibers with paint, grey mastic, yellow Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Ground floor corridor; above ceiling at hatch grey loose compact powder Hard Fittings/Fiberglass Ground floor corridor; above ceiling at hatch grey loose compact powder Mag Block Ground floor corridor; laundry room, on tank end caps white loose fibrous powder 5% Chrysotile, 10% Amosite, 5% Crocidolite 3. 5 May 2009 Project No.: Phase No.: 0013

124 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Client: PBS Engineering + Environmental Job Number: Project Name: Project Number: Phase 0013 Project Notes: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 P.O. No: n/a Client Sample D: Sample D: S1 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous tar, black 100 % 4 % % 96 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S2 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, white mastic, yellow 99 % 1 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S3 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, brown mastic, brown 99 % 1 % Anthophyllite- Trace 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Comments: No mastic left for QC: Anthophylite in mastic are way less than 1% - a few Anthophylite fibers detected Client Sample D: Sample D: S4 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, greenish grey mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % < 1 % 18 % 5 % Page No.: Page 1 of 10

125 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S5 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of woven material w/ paint, white mastic, cream 99 % 1 % - 20 % - 80 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S6 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compact powder, grey 100 % % 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S7 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S8 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, brown mastic, brown 99 % 1 % Anthophyllite- Trace 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Comments: Anthophylite in mastic are way less than 1% - a few Anthophylite fibers detected 18 % 5 % < 1 % Page No.: Page 2 of 10

126 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S9 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 5 % 45 % 50 % 3 % % 97 % - 10 % - 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S10 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, blue mastic, yellow 95 % 5 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S11 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, greenish grey mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % 3 % 18 % 5 % Page No.: Page 3 of 10

127 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S12 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 3 % 2 % 95 % 3 % % 97 % - 5 % - 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S13 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, beige 5 % 95 % 50 % % - 40 % - 10 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S14 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous 3 % 50 % tar, black 100 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S15 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, tan mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % 18 % 5 % Page No.: Page 4 of 10

128 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S16 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 5 % 10 % 85 % 3 % % 97 % - 10 % - 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S17 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of woven material w/ paint, white mastic, cream 99 % 1 % - 20 % - 80 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S18 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of rubbery material, brown mastic, brown 99 % 1 % Anthophyllite- Trace 100 % - Wollastonite Trace Talc Trace 100 % Comments: Anthophylite in mastic are way less than 1% - a few Anthophylite fibers detected 3 % < 1 % Page No.: Page 5 of 10

129 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S19 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, blue mastic, yellow 97 % 3 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S20 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of aluminum foil, silver fibrous backing, beige 5 % 95 % 50 % % - 40 % - 10 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S21 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous 50 % tar, black 100 % 5 % % 95 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S22 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, greenish grey mastic, black 99 % 1 % 18 % % % 95 % 18 % 5 % Page No.: Page 6 of 10

130 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S23 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of paint, white fine compact powder, white Layer 03 compact chalky material w/ paper, white Layer 03 5 % 5 % 90 % 3 % % 97 % - 10 % - 90 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S24 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of woven material w/ paint, white mastic with paint, cream 99 % 1 % - 20 % - 80 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S25 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, blue mastic with paint, cream and brown 95 % 5 % 100 % 100 % 3 % Page No.: Page 7 of 10

131 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S26 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of compressed fibers, gray mastic, yellow 95 % 5 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S27 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous vinyl tile, green 100 % Comments: mastic insufficient for analysis 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S28 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, white mastic with dirt, yellow 99 % 1 % 100 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S29 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of vinyl tile, green mastic, cream and brown 90 % 10 % 100 % 100 % Page No.: Page 8 of 10

132 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S30 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compressed fibers with white paint, grey 100 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S31 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous compressed fibers with white paint, grey 100 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S32 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of compressed fibers with paint, gray mastic, yellow 80 % 20 % - 35 % 35 % 30 % 100 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S33 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous loose compact powder, grey 100 % - Trace 10 % 90 % Page No.: Page 9 of 10

133 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 03/24/2009 Client Sample D: Sample D: S34 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous loose compact powder, grey 100 % - 10 % 10 % 80 % Client Sample D: Sample D: S35 Date Analyzed: 03/24/2009 Analyst: zumi Harris Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous loose fibrous powder, white 100 % 5 % 10 % 5 % 80 % 20 % This laboratory participates in the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP). Testing method is per 40 CFR 763 Subpart F, Appendix A, PLM. Layered samples are considered non-homogeneous."misc" is miscellaneous. "" is. Asbestos consists of the following minerals: chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, anthophyllite. Small diameter fibers such as those found in vinyl floor tiles, may not be detected by PLM. Asbestos detection interferences may result from material binders. Qualitative and quantitative TEM analysis may be recommended for difficult samples. Quantitative analysis by PLM point count or TEM is recommended for samples testing at < or = to 1% asbestos. The following estimate of error for this method by visual estimation of asbestos percent are as follows: 1% asbestos: 0-3% error, 5% asbestos: 1-9% error, 10% asbestos: 5-15% error, 20% asbestos: 10-30% error. This report pertains only to the samples listed on the report. Report considered valid only when signed by analyst. Reviewed by: zumi Harris Analyst Page No.: Page 10 of 10

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136 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Client: PBS Engineering + Environmental 1310 Main Street Vancouver, WA Job Number: Project Name: Project Number: Project Notes: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 04/15/2009 P.O. No: n/a Client Sample D: Sample D: S1 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0012 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous fibrous powder, gray Comments: GRR= % Point Count: 0 Point Count Fields: % Client Sample D: Sample D: S3 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0013 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous Comments: GRR=0.348 Point Count: 11 Point Count Fields: 400 fine powder, gray 100 % 2.75 % % % Client Sample D: Sample D: S5 Date Analyzed: 04/15/2009 Phase 0014 Analyst: Payam Amin Asbestos Fibers of Homogeneous Comments: GRR=0.343 Point Count: 7 Point Count Fields: 400 fine powder, gray 100 % 1.75 % % % Page No.: Page 1 of 2

137 Lab/Cor Portland, nc SW Corbett Ave., Ste A Portland, OR BULK SAMPLE ASBESTOS ANALYSS Asbestos and Environmental Analysis Phone: (503) Fax: (503) Job Number: Report Number: R01 Report Date: 04/15/2009 This laboratory participates in the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP). Testing method is per 40 CFR 763 Subpart F, Appendix A, PLM. Layered samples are considered non-homogeneous."misc" is miscellaneous. "" is. Asbestos consists of the following minerals: chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, anthophyllite. Small diameter fibers such as those found in vinyl floor tiles, may not be detected by PLM. Asbestos detection interferences may result from material binders. Qualitative and quantitative TEM analysis may be recommended for difficult samples. Quantitative analysis by PLM point count or TEM is recommended for samples testing at < or = to 1% asbestos. The following estimate of error for this method by visual estimation of asbestos percent are as follows: 1% asbestos: 0-3% error, 5% asbestos: 1-9% error, 10% asbestos: 5-15% error, 20% asbestos: 10-30% error. This report pertains only to the samples listed on the report. Report considered valid only when signed by analyst. Reviewed by: Payam Amin Analyst Page No.: Page 2 of 2

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140 PPNG SURVEY AND EVALUATON Preparedfor: NORTHWEST TOWER 335 NW 19ft Ave. Portland, Oregon Presented to: HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND 135 SW Ash Street Portland" OR97204 Presented by: R4Y ENG\EERNG, NC. u Engin eering ntegmted bl ulions " 9615 SW Allen Blvd., Suite 107 Beaverton, Oregon Phone: (503) o Fax: (503) Toll Free: (877) grw.engr

141 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON. Executive Summary: The Northwest Towers are two separate buildings. One is al44unit, l2-story apartment facility and the other is a three-story 36 unit family apartment building. Each is dedicatid to the needs of lower income families and individuals. The building is operated by the Housing Authority of Portland (HAP). The building was constructed in 1960 and is located at335 NW lgth Avenue, Portland, OR. The building is constructed with concrete walls and sheet rock ceilings. The Housing Authority of Portland contracted R&W Engineering, nc. to analyzethe plumbing system and to make recommendations to the domestic hot and cold water system should it be found to be failing. This report will establish the current condition of the existing domestic water plumbing systems and make recommendations to upgrade these systems as required. The complex is served by a single cold-water main routed through a duplex pressure booster system. The pumps have not been operational for over 10 years. A built-in bypais is presently in use. Domestic cold and hot water is distributed to the building through piping mains located in the 1't, 4tn,7*,10th, and 12tr floor ceiling space. Hot and cold risers Uranctring dom the mains, serve 2 units on 3 separate floors. The building underwent a mechanical upgrade approximately two years ago by a local contractor. These upgrades included addition of a domeitic hot water boiler system, which is only used during summer months. n addition, some of the apartment units had the shower valves replaced. During this renovation, none of the waste piping or domestic water systems was upgraded. The primary domestic hot water system used during winter months is served by the main building boiler and utilizes a heat exchanger and a 1400-gallon storage tank. The system appears adequate for the building demand, as there have been noleports of hot water shortage.. Field Observations: The primary issue identified by HAP is the concern of the condition of the galvanized domestic water piping throughout the building. At the request of HAP, a site visit was made by R&W to the building in March R&W Engineering contracted with Cascade Mechanicai Systems, nc. to remove all pipe samples. The locations of the pipe samples are indicated on the attached drawing P-1. n addition, a pressure test was performed at each floor, with the results listed below. Page 1

142 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON Tower Unit. Unit psi. Unit psi. Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi. Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi Shower Static Pressure Annex Shower Static Pressure Unit o Unit psi o Unit psi o Unit psi These tests were performed on the furthest riser from the water main to give a worst-case scenario. Per a piping evaluation and report produced by MKE & Associates in 1995, the street pressure maintained a first floor building water pressure of psig. The current street pressure supplied by the City of Portland range from 43 psi to 54 psi. The numbers above are in line with this. The fact that the pressures are still approximately the same 12 years later is an indication that the pipes are not clogged. After a review of the available drawings and a visual inspection of the existing systems, the following conditions were noted: l. The galvanized piping throughout the building is forty-seven years old and is slowly becoming clogged with corrosion and debris. See the attached Exhibits A and B of hot water pipe removed during the site visit. 2. As galvanized piping has failed, it has been replaced with non-galvanized piping. This includes both copper and cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) piping. The majority of the observed connections between the steel and copper pipes do not have dielectric fittings to protect from electrolysis. mproper bonding between dissimilar metals will cause electrolysis, which results in a thinning of the copper piping. The new hot water heating system was installed with copper piping and should be protected against any future electrolysis by using dielectric fiuings as necessary. Page2

143 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON 3. An improperly designed and installed building grounding system can cause an acceleration of electrolysis in the building piping. t is important to make sure that ground rods are in place for the building as required by the electrical code. As this is not something that can be observed through field observation, it should be determined by HAP whether a proper grounding system is in place and if this is connected to the piping system. 4. The water heating system does not have any record of general maintenance done in the past2 years. A schedule should be created for checking the water heaters annually to help maintain these units and thereby prolong their life. The current heater system was sized to serve all 144 units in the buildins. il. Plumbing As galvanized steel ages, it starts to corrode on the inside, forming a buildup of rust and scale over time. As these particles flake off, they give the water a brownish discoloration. A buildup of rust and scale may also contribute to low water pressure andlor flow in the system. The mineral deposits that form on the inside of galvanized steel pipes reduce the available diameter for water to flow through. n old, corroded pipes, the buildup can be so severe that a large percentage of the interior is blocked, sometimes reducing water flow considerably. t is possible to apply a chemical cleaning solution to clean out the corrosion from galvanized piping. However, we do not recommend this because even though it gets rid of the corrosion it does nothing to reinforce the thin walls. As a result, when the piping is repressurized after cleaning, more leaks develop. Over time, untreated, corroded pipes will eventually lead to more and more leaks in the system. While localized sections can be replaced at the leaking points for a short-term fix, they are often a precursor to major bursts in the future. A break in branch line piping will necessitate a shutdown of water to a particular riser or unit. This building does have branch shutoff valves but the maintenance staff indicated that when they are used they often leak afterwards or break. Several were found to be inaccessible or already inoperable. n a typical domestic water system upgrade, a parallel system of copper and PEX piping is installed alongside the existing mains and risers. Rather than o'replacing" the old mains and risers, they are left abandoned in place. Working on badly corroded mains and risers can loosen rust and scale within, creating clogs and perhaps bursting branch lines. The parallel configuration prevents damage to the old pipes, which would require their immediate replacement in kind before the new pipe is up and running. n addition, removing old risers requires further demolition of walls and floors. Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe has a manufacturer warranty of twenty-five years. The fittings have a 5-year wananty. PEX was developed in the 1950s and introduced in the United States in the 1980s. Page 3

144 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON The following proposed changes will not only extend the life of the building plumbing system, but will also make this system cleaner for the tenants, increase flow for the tenants, require less maintenance by HAP. V. Recommendations: Option #1 Replace all hot and cold water piping with new PEX piping with a limited use of type L copper for a building main water riser only. Most, if not all, domestic water piping could bl left in place and abandoned thereby reducing cost. A new single building riser wouid replace the existing risers and could be located in one of the plumbing shafts located near the elevator lobby. This would reduce the cost of replacing all the risers. Every third floor will have its own copperpiping loop isolated from the main riser with a shutoff valve. These piping loops would be located in the ceiling of the corridors on every third floor. n addition, each.*it *itt have its own set of isolation valves off the branch for easy isolation and maintenance. Currently, the corridors on the lst thru 12th floors are concrete with limited ceiling space. Fire sprinkler piping is visible in each corridor. f piping loops are run in the corridors, an acoustic tile ceiling would need to be dropped from the hard ceiling in order to conceal the piping. This would require dropping the lighting in the corridor, extending the sprinkler heads ao*", relocating the fire safety system, and relocating the assistance call system. Cost Opinion (Option #1): Option #2 Plumbing $488,781 Electrical $89,836 Architectural $91,309 Design Total $705,926 Another option that was considered is similar to the recommendation above. This option would still abandon all of the risers but would run multiple parallel risers in the existing plumbing chases rather than running a single riser. The advantage of this option is that the piping loops would not be run over the corridor and therefore the ceiling in the corridors would not needlo be lowered. The disadvantage of this option is that it would be more expensive due to the additional core drilling, disruption to residents and drywall removal and replacernent. We have studied this option on past HAP plumbing replacement projects and it has consistently been rejected in favor of the single riser option due to cost. For this reason, this option will noi be considered further. Page 4

145 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON V. Summary: t is R&W Engineering's professional opinion that no immediate changes are needed to the piping system. However, even though the existing piping is presently beyond its normal expected life and failures are likely to result over time. The system has not degraded to a degree that warrants the cost of pipe removal within the next 10 years. Partial repairs or fixes are a more cost effective method to alleviate any symptoms in the short term. However, the root cause of future problems with this system is the disintegration of galvanized pipe, and will need to be addressed in the future. The cost opinion listed above does not include any extra cost due to tenant relocation costs. Page 5

146 NORTHWEST TOWER PLUMBNG REVEW AND RECOMMENDATON Exhibit A (l-112" Hot water pipe serving shower in Tower room 0l) Exhibit B (l-112" Hot water pipe serving laundry room in annex) Notice that the pipe has not in any way deteriorated and build up is minimal) Page 6

147 GARAGE EXHBT B EXHBT A ENGNEERNG,NC. ael-re lr ilrd t trrl4r S.W Allen Blvd., Suite 107 Beaverlon, Oregon Phone: (503) Fil (503) meng@rueng.com HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND BULDNG PPNG EVALUATON NORTHWEST TOWER 335 NW 1gth AVE. PORTLAND, OREGON DESGNED GAR DMWN JJ CHECKED GAR DATE tjta,r DRAWNG NO. P-1 SHEFT 1 OF 1

148 HGH RSE VENTLATON STT]DY t t T Prepared For: The Housing Authority of Portland Prepared By: R&W Engineering, nc. November 22.2AAz Rr ENG\-EERNG, rnc. E ngineering ntegrated So lutions 9400 SW Beaverton-Hillsdale Higfiway, Suite 250, Beaverton, OR $4r r Fa>r 6A o

149 -1'-'.:, wengneerng, NC. " Engineering nte grated Solutions " 9400 SW Beaverton-Hillsdale Hwy Suite 250 Beaverton, Oregon (503) 2e rweng.com Fax: (503) MEMORANDT]M DATE: February lg,2}03 TO: Tom Popiet -,' n,,r_/ llf FROM: Ed Carlisle, P.E.- fltlr SUBJECT: HAP High Rise Ventilation Study Following are our recommended best options for the high rise ventilation corrections as listed in the report dated November 22,2002. This are listed in the order of priority listed in our correspondence dated January 23, Hollywood East: Option 1 - nstall three new unit ventilators per floor. o Holgate House: Option 2 and Option 6: Replace existing unit ventilator with new and add two cabinet heaters at each corridor. And install new fan for garbage room and service corridor. Sellwood: Option 2 - Replace 4 existing roof top make up air units. Schrunk Riverview Tower: Option 2 - dining room unit ventilators. 18 new cabinet unit heaters and 2 new,larger Ruth Haefner: Option 2 and Option 6-10 new larger unit ventilators in corridors and2 new unit ventilators on the ground floor. And new fan for garbage room. * foq rlr,ovs 6/.nSd+s?""r) Dahlke Manor: Option 2 - ground floor. New rooftop make up air unit and new unit ventilators on the Gallagher Plaza: Optionl and Option 5 - garbage room fan. 6 new unit ventilators in corridors. And new NW Tower: Option 1-30 new unit ventilators in corridors and public areas. Williams Plaza: Option 2 (As noted in proposal dated February 4,2003) -7 new larger

150 2t19to3 Memorandum unit ventilators in the corridors and 3 new larger unit ventilators in the Dining Room. These options are selected with budget, ease of installation and minimum tenant disruption in mind. We have not listed adding through the wall air conditioners or heat pumps at any facility as it was rejected by HAP on Williams Plaza and it our assumption that it is cost prohibitive. Please let us know if there are any questions in regard to this list or the options. END OF MEMORANDUM

151 T HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF' PORTLAND HG RSE YENTLATON STUDY Definitions At this point, it will be helpful to define several technical terms used throughout this report: o Ventilation is fresh, outside air (OSA) that is brought into a building. The amount of ventilation that a building must have is mandated by the current state code, which is the Uniform Building Code (UBC),1997 edition. The Code states that ventilation can be provided mechanically by a fan or by having a certain amount of openable area. See the appendix for the actual code section that states this.. openable area is a window or door that can be opened to let in fresh air. o Cubic feet per minute (CFM) is the standard unit when measuring airflows. o Make-up air is air from outside the building that is brought in to replace air that is being exhausted from the building. f *x" amount of air is being exhausted from a building, then the laws of physics dictate that'ox" amount of air is being brought into the building as well. This "x" amount of make-up air can enter the building through a mechanical air handling unit, through open windows, open doors, louvers, or unintended openings in the building such as cracks and holes. o A building that is under negative pressure has more air being exhausted than mechanically supplied make-up air. n such a building air tends to get sucked into the building. o A building that is under positive pressure has more mechanically supplied make-up air than it has exhaust. n such a building air tends to move from inside the building to the outside. Tempered air is air that has been heated or cooled. Powered system total cfm is the total amount of air that is being moved by mechanical means (i.e. an air handling unit, unit ventilator, cabinet heater, etc.). t does not include exhaust. Powered system OSA CF'M is the total amount of outside air that is being brought in by mechanical means. Central fan is a fan that moves air from more than one location and is remote.

152 l t HOUSNG AUTORTY OF PORTLAND HGH RSE YENTLATON STUDY Executive Summarv The Housing Authority of Portland (HAP) has commissioned R&W Engineering, nc. to arralyze the exhaust and ventilation in nine HAP high-rise buildings. These buildings are Dahlke Manor, Gallagher Plaza,Holgate House, Hollywood East, Northwest and West), Ruth HaefnerPlaza, Schrunk Riverview Towers, Sellwood Center, and Williams Plaza. The following report is a summary of our findings. This report looks at several items including: What is the total amount of building exhaust? What is the total amount of building ventilation? s the building under positive or negative pressure and how does that relate to indoor air quality? What does the State of Oregon require in the way of ventilation? Does the amount of building ventilation meet the current code? f not, what can be done? Does the building have acceptable indoor air quality? f not, what can be done? What are the costs of these changes? What are our recommendations? The Overall Building Ventilation in the next section gives a quick overview of all the buildings. Each building also has its own section complete with a detailed written summary, proposed solutions, cost estimates, srtrnmary spreadsheet, and hand calculations. The field notes taken by R&W are also included in the appendix. n general, all of the buildings are under negative pressure. All of the buildings also have many openable doors and windows. That means that the buildings are all bririging in large amounts of untempered, unfiltered air from outside. During the fall, winter, and spring this air can be cold and wet as well. This is not necessarily a bad thing but it can contribute to problems with indoor air quality, occupant comfort, or building mildew. f there is polluted or unhealthy air surrounding a building, this will be brought in as well. f most of the open windows and doors are atthe ground floor of the building, air will tend to come in at these locations and travel upward to be exhausted. This can transfer odors or smoke from one floor to another. n general, it is usually better to have a building under slightly positive pressure. This keeps outside air from coming into the building. As far as meeting ventilation requirements of the state code, it varies from building to building. Some do and some do not. Many of the buildings were built at a time when the building codes were different. n the past, the Code required less ventilation than it does today. With an increased awareness of the effects of indoor air quality on human health and comfort, the Code has required an increase in the amount of ventilation. Buildings that were built under the old code are not required to increase their ventilation unless they remodel the entire building or a part of the building. n such a case, the part that is remodeled must be brought up to current code standards. Please see the table in the appendix showing current code requirements for ventilation. n conclusion, we have studied drawings, made numerous site visits, and conducted interviews with building personnel in the process of understanding these buildings. From this we have been able to analyze all nine buildings for ventilation and exhaust. We have also presented several options for improving the indoor air qualrty at each building along with their costs. The costs that are given are not detailed cost estimates but rather order of magnitude numbers to be used for ballpark estimation and for the comparison of

153 options. A detailed cost estimate cannot be given until an actual design is begun. We hope that all this is a valuable tool for HAP in understanding these buildings and deciding on appropriate courses ofaction.

154 TT Property Name Dahlke Manor Gallagher Plaza Holgate House Hollywood East Northwest Tower (East) Northwest Tower (West) Ruth Haefner Plaza Schrunk Riverview Towers Sellwood Center \Mlliams Plaza Public Areas Apartments Building Pressure Ventilation Code Ventilation Source Ventilation Code Ventilation Source Meets Does Not Meets Does Not Positive Openable Negative Vent. Meet Openable Vent. Mechanical Vent. MeetVent. Mechanical Area Code Code Area Code Code X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X HOUSNG AUTHORTV OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY OVERALL BU LD NG VENT LATON MATRX 11122tO2

155 - z o ṉl :E { d o rn n

156 t t HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY Northwest Tower Summarv Central fans on the roof are exhausting the majority of the apartments and public areas in both the East and West building. These fans run all the time. There are other miscellaneous fans exhausting areas such as the laundry. Make-up air for all of these fans, except in one case, is being provided through openable areas (exterior windows or doors) in almost every room. The exception to this is in the two-story portion of the East building where make-up air is being provided through the air-handling unit serving the offices in that area. The pressure of these buildings is negative due to the fact that more air is being exhausted than is being provided tluough mechanical means. During the fall, winter, and spring months, wet, cold air is coming in through the open windows, outside doors, and any openings in the exterior walls. The amount of exhaust and ventilation serving these buildings does meet the current State Building Code.

157 HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY Northwest Tower Solutions The main solution to negative pressure problems is to increase the amount of mechanically supplied make-up air that is entering the building. This can be accomplished in several ways. The first is by adding unit ventilators with outside air openings to the corridors on each floor. Additionally, unit ventilators can be added to some of the public spaces as well. A second way to accomplish the above is to replace the steam heaters with throughthe-wall heaters or heat pumps in each apartment. Again this would provide ventilaiion and tempered, filtered air to each apartment and bring the pressure in each apartment closer to neutral or even positive. A third solution is to add one or more make-up air handling units on the roof and duct tempered, filtered air to each floor or each apartment. The amount of air required should be enough to pressurize the building. By doing the above, the pressure in the building will be brought up closer to neutral and reduce the amount of untempered air entering. n addition, this will improve the indoor air quality of the building.

158 t Site Name: Northwest Tower (East Building) HOUSNG AUTHORW OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY Site Address: 335 NW 19th Ave., Portland, OR Stories: 13 Description of System: Four large, roof-mounted exhaust fans exhaust air from each apartment restroom, apartment kitchen, public corridors, and maintenance areas. A smaller, roof-mounted exhaust fan serves the public toilets and kitchen on the two story portion of the building. An inline fan in the ductwork serving the office area in the two story portion of the building exhausts air to outside when the corresponding air handling unit is in economizer mode. n addition, a small exhaust fan serves the dryers in the laundry room. There is no exhaust in the garbage room. Make-up air is provided through openable areas (windows and/or doors) in the apartments, corridors and ground floor. n the two story portion of the building, outside air is also supplied to an air handling unit through a roof vent. The covered garage is served by a continuously running exhaust fan as is the mechanical room in the garage. Heating is by steam convecting units located throughout the building. Public Areas Primarv Ventilation Method Openinqs (ooeninqs or fans) Ooenino Area 1197 Opening to Floor Area Ratio 4o/o *Req'd Ratio by UBC 5o/o Powered Svstem Total CFM Powered Svstem OSA CFM *OSA CFM Req'd bv UBC SpecialAreas Garbaqe Rooms Garbaqe Chutes Laundrv Rooms Public Toilets Kitchen No fan No fan Drver fan Centralfan Centralfan Apartments Central Bathroom Exh. ff/n) Y lndividual Bathroom Exh. (Y/N) N Central Kitchen Exh. (Y/N) Y ndividual Kitched Exh. ff/n) N Primarv Ventilation Method 3penings (openinqs or fans) Openinq Area 3488 Openino to Floor Area Ratio 5.1Yo *Reo'd Ratio bv UBC 5% Buildins Pressurization Estimated OSA 188 Estimated Exhuast 29,750 Positive/Negative Neqative CFM Difference

159 t t t t t HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY Site Name: Northwest Tower (West Building) Site Address: 335 NW 1gth Ave., Portland, OR Stories: 3 Description of System: The system in the West building is similar to that in the East buildingl Four large, roof-mounted exhaust fans exhaust air from each apartment restroom, apartment kitchen, public corridors, and maintenance areas. Make-up air is provided through openable areas (windows and/or doors) in the apartments, corridors and ground floor. Heating is by steam convecting units located throughout the building. Public Areas Primarv Ventilation Method Openings (openinqs or fans) Openino Area 246 Ooeninq to Floor Area Ratio 5.3o/o *Reo'd Ratio bv UBC 5o/o Powered System Total CFM Powered Svstem OSA CFM *OSA CFM Reo'd bv UBC SpecialAreas Garbaqe Rooms Garbaqe Chutes Laundrv Rooms Public Toilets N/a N/a No fan Centralfan Apartments Central Bathroom Exh. ff/n) Y ndividual Bathroom Exh. (Y/N) N Central Kitchen Exh. ff/n) Y lndividual Kitched Exh. ff/n) N Primarv Ventilation Method Openings (openinqs or fans) Ooeninq Area 1270 Ooeninq to Floor Area Ratio 5.8o/o "Req'd Ratio by UBC 5o/o Building Pressurization Estimated OSA 0 Estimated Exhuast Positive/Neqative Negative CFM Difference 6,250

160 HOUSNG AUTHORTY OF PORTLAND HGH RSE VENTLATON STUDY NWTower Cost Estimates Option Description 30 new unit ventilators in corridors and public areas Thru-the-wall heaters Thru-the-wall heat pumps 4 new rooftop make up air units Gost $220,000 $430,000 $485,000 $335,000

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165 t tl ltl tl 1997 UNFORM BULDNG CODE SECTON GENERAL Building.s and portions thereof shall provide occupanrs with light and ventilation as set forth in this chapter or the principles ofen-vi_ ronmental technology specified in ASHRAE Standird 62-19g9 including ASHRAE Addendum 62a-1990, Ventilation for Acceptable ndoor Air euality, for occupancy ventilation. Acces_ sible sanitary facilities shalr also be providid as set forth in this For.accessibiliry for persons :lupjo: with disabilities, see Chapter ll. For ventilation of hazardous vapors or fumes, see Seciion and the Mechanical Code. SECTON DEFNTONS For the purposes of this chapter, certain terms are defined as fol_ lows: OCCUPANCY VENTLATON is general ventilarion re_ quired to ensure acceptable indoor air quaiity for the building oc_ cupan$. UNUSUALLY TGHT CONSTRUCTON is construction where: l. Walls and ceilings exposed to the outside atmosphere having a continuous air barrier with any openings gasketed or sealed, ani 2. Weatherstripping on openable windows and doors, and 3. Caulking or sealants are applied to areas such as joints around window and door frames, between sole plates and fioors, 9:,_y":" wall-ceiling.joinrs, berween wall paneis and at penetra_ tlons for plumbing, electrical and gas lines ind at other openings. SECTTON LGHT AND VENTLATON N GROUPS A, B, E, F, H,, M AND S OCCUPANCES Light" A enclosed portions of Groups A, B, E, F, H,, M 3nd S Qclupancies customarily occupied by'human beings shall be provided with natural light Lf m"in, of i*t".ior gtazel open_ ilss,with an nor less 3Je? t[an one tenth ofthe totd noo, u.ei, o, snal be provided with artificial light. Such exierior openings shall gpen directly onto a public way or a yard or court as set forth in secfion See Section for required means of egress illumination Ventilation General. Each enclosed portion of Groups A, B, E, F,,_l,M.,und S Occupancies customirily occupied by human be_ rngs, other than the locations specified in Sections s through rr, shalr be p.ouid"d witrr a naturar ventilation system as specified in Section na3.2.4 or mechanically operated ventilation system or combination thereof. it *""t uni"itty op_ system shall be capabte ::**:1,1$on of supplying " occupancy venulatton arr in accordance with Table l2_a d-urine iuch time as the building or space is occupied. ff,. urui.ipuila ventilation occupancy load, specifically foi the design of occupancy ventilation, shall be documented on plans The out_ ""O"rp"rin."iilns. 9:::,::^1ry-3te mal be deiermined of average venulanon occupancy load provided the average ";id;;;i, ventilation occ-upancy load used shall not be less than one_haia;h; riinimum speci-,rfied in Section Chapter 12 NTEROR ENVRONMENT l?03?.? Other provision;. Jhe^plgvisions of Oreg on Occupa_ tional Safery* and Health fode, OAR Chapter 437;Divisio; t, General Occuparional Safety and Health iules (29 CFR 1910J shall apply for the control of contaminants in the work place ,.3 Register velocity- _-f the velocity of the air at a register exceeds l0 feet per second (3 ma), the rigister shail Ue piacei more than 8 feet (2438 mm) above the flooi directly beneath ,systems shall_hav_e a minimum net free openable arejto the exteriaf ot,t2g ot the floor area served. \. PXCEpTON: The rninimum net free in designated smoking areas shall be i l/5 openable area to the exterior ofthe flooi area. 1293:2:l Toilet rooms. Rooms containing a water closet or uri_ nat shall be-provided with a fully openable exterior window with an area not ess than 3 square feet (0.279 m2; in area; or a vertical duct not tess,than 100 square inches (64 5 l6 mm2) in area for the frrst water closet or urinal, with an additional 50 square inches { mm21 of area for each additional water closet or urinal, or system capable of exnaustiri! l:^t:.li1i.rl ly operared.exhaust 50 cubic feet of air per minure (Z3.6Us) forlu"n *.t"i ;;r;;;? unnal rnstalled in the toilet room. Such mechanically operated exhaust systems shall be connected directly to the outsiie, and thei point of discharge shall be at least : feet 1-9 t 4 mm) from u"v "p""_ j ing which dlofylgtrsalsrinrooccup&o portions of the t'iir.f;"" i 1203:2.6.Groups g, F, y and S,Occupancies. n all buildingsi classified as!ryup B, f, V and S Occupincies or portions thereof where Class, or -A liquids are uied, a meciianical exhaust shall be provided sufficient io produce six air changes per hour. Such exhaust ventilation shall be taken from a point at or near the floor level. y!43.2!_group H Occupancies. Rooms, areas or spaces of Qrgup_H Occupancies ln wtrictr explosive, corrosive, iombus_ tible, flammable.or highly toxic duits, miits, fumes, vapors or gases are or may be emitted due to rhe processing, use, handling or storage of marerials shall-b-e mechaniially venillated ",,"quij by the Fire Code and the Mechanical Code. Ducts conveying, explosives or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts shail extend directly to the exterior of the building without entering other spaces. dxhaust ducts shall not extend into or through ducts and plenums. EXCEPTON: Ducts conveying vapor or fumes having flammable constituents less than 25 percent of their lower flammabiti-ty limit rnay pass through other spaces. Emissions generated at work stations shall be confined to the area in whiclr they are generated as specified in the Fire Code and the Mechanical Code- The location of supply and exhausr openings shall be in accordance with the Mechanical Code. Exhaust iir contaminated by highly toxic material shall be treated in accordance wittr the Fire Code. A manual shutoff control shall be provided outside of the room in a position adjacent to the access dobr to the room or in a location apqro-veg by the chief. The switch shall be of the break-gtass type and shall be labeled VE.{TLATON SYSTEM EMERGENCY SHUTOFF Group H, Division 4 Occupaircies. n buildings used for the repair or handling of motor uefricles op"*tin! under their F F. F F F F F F -

166 UNFORM BULDNG CODE own power, mechanical ventilation shall be provided capable of lf exhausting a minimum of t.5 cubic fooftr ll (7.6? minure per rjslmz) square of foot floor ur"u. E;;t;;;i.,"p* equipped stall *t* shall be 1ll:ll..yst.pipe extens-i'on o*i, ii,""it,u'i" outside of the trr" building, wtriinl if ou.. io-ir"t (3048 mrn) in length, shall mechanically eihaust :OO f..t per mrnure (4t.6 "uui. Us). - ll Connecting.officesand waitingro;;s,r,.iiu",6p1il;i##;i f ll acceptabte indoor air quality ino"ip*iti* pressure. ll :rin:jttfiu::::-',#."'ffi',i"'"ti i'jfit"lll:ffiji",:tllli *hen, in his ll orheropinion, A" Uuifain!-i, iupptied with unobsrructed f lf :i"til.i::";i!"jfry*?"ffi":"ial"iu*"a*a'"n"i*iii y0:'?2 Grouqf, u"ttol 6 occupancies. ll kr sion Group 6 occuoancies.,.mechanical H, Divi- "*r:ffi;;, which may include ll recirculated hr, shall be Ri*il;;;;;", the fabrication area ar rhe rate of not less tha; 1 r cubi; i""i p?i *i"rt";;;il;;;;;; la,\a _ts/m2) of fl.oor ar"u. rt. ;;;; ui. ou", fabrication system area of one shall nor.on*"i ;;;;;, t r t r r t t that fabrication area within tt" U"ifAf"g."'- duct system outside venlilation systems.shall comply with rhe Mechanical Code ex_ cept that the automatic,t utoffr'n""j'"oi u" installed on air_ poyins. equipmenr. ltowever, smote-j.i.r,o^ shall be instalred in the circulating airstream and shall initiate gency a signal control at the emer_ station. Except for exhaust systems, at least one manually mote control operated re_ switch that will shut oown ttre iaurication area venti- larion system sha, be rnstattjat-an il;;;o location outside the fabrication area. A ventilation system shall be provided to capture ". fumes and and vapors exhaust at work stations. fr" *".i""perations not be connected "i shall to the same exhaust,y;;;;" the combination eirher one of or the substances removed could explosion constitute or a fire, hazardous chemical *;;";;i;#ire system. exhaust duct Exhaust ducts peneral. taineoinlj"r,;r"il;:i:,s"ffi::!.:tjr;'jljl,',"jilhi,ff;":; ducts shall not penetrate area separarion,urtts. Fii. aampers shall not be installed in exhaust ducti Group S renair.and storage garages and aircraft hangars. n Group S.^ s.*;;;;;;"";;rt,j;iil#i,;#::::,f; ffi::i#f "iyjlf, : ating sysrem required uu se.tion' i lorl;:;' ;;il;";.itted when, in rhe opinion orine uuiloing om.iut-t-rr. Luiioirng ir'rrppried with unobstructed openings to the outer air *,ut ur. ru#i"i"nt to provide the necessary ventilation. l?913:t^t 9.up S parking garases. rn Group S, Division 3 parkmg garages, other than open parling grrag.s, ir*o for storing or handling automobiles operating unojrineir-own power and on loading plarforms in bus tirminafr, ":",igil,#ll be provided capable of exhausdne a.r.nlnimup of f.5 cubic ieer per minure (cfm)ge1 square foot l0.7 u { ;r; ;; c;;., d;; l"rea. rire buird_ :y^.:ll:i:l *gy.approvg un alg.nit" u?n,i[1i""'#** designed ro exhausr a minimum of 14,000 cfm fooo8itsj-ioir..t operaring vehicle. Such sysrem shalr ue baslo';ffi;ff;o'"ted insranta_ neous movement rate of vehicles, but not f.r, tir-uni.s percent (or :::"y:l':f) :_f the garage capaci ty. e",t*",l". #o"n mon oxide_ sensrng devrces may be emplbyed-to ",oj;h,.;;;entilation sys_ tem to maintain a maximum-.average concentration of carbon monoxide of 50 parts oe.^mittion ou?ns iiri;;y*ur period, with a maximum concentrati.on not greatjr tnan Z6O parts per mil_ ion fora period not exceeding "r":;;;;:' q'."' lvv i EXCEPTON: u"if,j,llg_.l.-,:rn may be omiued rn repair garages and motor vehicle fuer-dispensing stations without lubrication Dits. storage sarases and aircrafi.hangirs rr,"n, in fr"iuiiji]i!-lir.ili:; MTion: the building is supplied;irhu;;;;i*.,"i-oi.ning,,o tr,. outer air which are suflicienifo provide ttre necessariilnufation. Conne.gting offices, wailinq rooms, dcket booths and similar uses shall be supplied with a'ir of u"i"ptuoi"-i-nl'o* air quality uncler positive pressure. te_qm'!1204_l,-ffi EF,9 ul n.g.9 g!{ la N cr Es ; ixi E ii ofr l_-a r,r o 12M.1 General. For the purpose of determining the light or oc_ &xil:r,"1::,:3i:1":11,:?y^.:.:nt.oru*tiiuti"o;";til;[ 3::T::::::"::::*1!trhi";;;;;;;iffi '#-i:'fi ".H; *1{::":""":ld.iTdasaportion.of *"dfi i"s,i#fi# 1il"h"# ;"r3:g*:,*:?t:?::.{'i';fi il;"";"'"'ilffi '#o';h: interio'oom jlt:_:lt'lc^"jnotressthan-on'e-;i;ilffiffi oi25 rquur. }".i<ig.-#fiilffiffi ;?#:if;; ;::",?; i::*:: :f:il'5;.fe11y:l.rlgh or.venrlarion required by ll'::,":::l * i fi:l o i,:.jr p,u'ri i,ii.y as set forth in Section ""t"? "i:i';:th EXCEPTONS: l. Reouired exterior openings may open into a roofed porch where the porch: l.l Abuts apublic way, yard orcourt: 1.2 Has a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm); and 1.3 Has a longer side at least 65 percent open and unobstructed. 2. Skylights Light Guest rooms and habirabte.oorn,,uiil,iijijili:r",,* : :: :::s^l"g.ljl J.'iq."* ;;il ;; j ;ij"i j' ri ght by *i,r, narurar mean -of s Jx teri oi g r-a-i J,il"rilr'iJ,li"ff ;:T;ll$i than one tenth of the floor area of such rooms with a minimum of l0 square feet (0.93 m2). EXCEPTON: Kitchens in Group R Occupancies may be provided with artificial lighr Venril"tion. C j"t:,*lg:*l'^c-o_nq1eag...io"n."sr,aji"ujor#i"wirhnatu_ ral v.entilation as speiifi-edin fi;; ffi;. i.or"iii ^mechanical ::1,1 f "." systern w.hich stralr ue capabl;a;;;rii"s ven titation :#,X'JiJ:T:'rwith rabre r2-a during ';;h 'fi;;ih" buildi;; EXCEPTON: See Section for minimum net clear openable area ofescape and rescue windows. n, lieu of required exterior openings for natural ventilation, a mechanical ventilatins,ust.m. p3f l" prouio"j. Such system *li:tir.-t:ue of proiioing outsioe ventiia,ion_iii * specified in ^.PXCEPTON: Buildings of ordinary tightness may meet one of the following two requiremr qured occupancy **tuli'"l",ltij,"f documenting aciievement of re-,^j:_lo: *"up*j1 vgnlilation inregrated with a centrat forced_air neaung system, a 6-inch ( l-5-2-mml uiir.t", oi "quiijent outooor air inler duct of nor more tt an ls i..iiro o6li.*ji""r""g?i,.r,alt connecr ro the return air ptenum *i*iln e i""iiie2;;;i;.fl,l" air handler/ blower fan cabinlt. The forced-air heatins svstem blower shall be equipped with an automatic 24-hour clock-timer or.yltlt a manual switch located at the central thermosrat and clearly r"u"l"o-::"""iir",lon.::'iii'rn*"n switch and crock timer may be rntegrated with a central thermostat...,^,?..-l9r ::"uptcy ventilation other rhan,"r..a ui,,r*rnr, on.,no,- vrouat outdoor air inter. a minimu* or e,qu*-iihj, iii;i ;;rj l; area, shall F- provided for each habitablp room, and for each 250 square feet (23.2 m2) of habitabte ari" o.p"r,ton.iiilrili"x"cejiing zso square feer (23.2 sps. tf

167 -tl F '\i t, " ;1.i,,