Uptake of micro-scale biogas plants in Europe

Transcription

1 Uptake of micro-scale biogas plants in Europe Michael Köttner IBBK Fachgruppe Biogas GmbH 5émes Journees de la Methanisation 6. December 2016, Chambery, France

2 Content Small scale digestion in Europe Environmental Benefits Social Benefits Main messages 2

3 Small-Scale AD in Europe e.g kw el. in Belgium,... is very diverse, 75 kw el. in Germany, < 300 kw el. in Italy Source: NQ Anlagentechnik 3

4 Small-Scale AD in Europe... has been the start of the (German) biogas movement, but was ignored during the energy crop boom 4

5 Small-Scale AD in Europe... becomes again relevant for rural & farm development... might prosper in combination with ongoing structural change in agriculture... is a means for closing the energy and nutrient loop on farms Source: Mark Paterson 5

6 Potential of small-scale AD EU-28 cattle stock: 64,045,000 heads BE DK DE IT NL PL FR Other 3% 2% 14% 41% 7% 7% 4% Source: Eurostat, Farm structure survey % 6

7 Potential of small-scale AD EU-28 pig stock: 37,076,000 heads BE DK DE IT NL PL FR Other 4% 9% 37% 17% 9% Source: Eurostat, Farm structure survey % 7% 7% 7

8 Potential of small-scale AD BEF2 Partner countries represent: 59% of cattle population 63% of pig population 8

9 Potential of small-scale AD Country The Netherlands 15,000 Germany France 8,000 Poland 7,600 Belgium 1,000 No. of farms potentially suitable for small scale AD (theoretic potential) 40,000 dairy + cattle farms (>100 heads), 9,000 pig farms (>1,000 heads) Italy 15,000-20,000 (<100 kw el ), 1,000-1,500 ( kw el ) Denmark 1,500 Source: K. Hjort-Gergersen et. al., Market overview micro scale digesters,

10 7,600 15,000 1,000 1,500 Source: 40,000 15,000 8,000 Status Quo AD in Europe

11 Example: Potential in Germany Amount of manures (in t dry matter) Available potential Poultry dung Pig dung Pig slurry Cattle dung Cattle slurry available used for energy production Source: FNR, Gülle-Kleinanlagen,

12 Potential in Germany, 75 kw el. 2 Mio. t dry matter slurry MSD, 75 kw el 3 Mio. t dry matter dung MSD, 75 kw el 2 Mio. t dry matter slurry MSD, 75 kw el 2 Mio. t dry matter dung MSD, 75 kw el BGP, 75 kw el 12

13 Potential in Germany, kw el. Potential for 50 kw el. Plants 14,000 MSD 2,600 MSD from cattle slurry 5,000 MSD from cattle dung 3,200 MSD from pig slurry 3,200 MSD from pig dung Potential for 30 kw el. Plants 23,800 MSD 4,300 MSD from cattle slurry 8,500 MSD from cattle dung 5,500 MSD from pig slurry 5,500 MSD from pig dung 13

14 AD in Europe We see a huge gap between the potential based on farm size and installed AD plants Main reasons: low financial incentives unfavourable legislation, especiall through amendmends in the last 5 years Nevertheless, AD has many benefits for rural societies and the environment! 14

15 Environmental Benefits Triple benefits for GHG-emission reduction: 1. Methane emission reduction through better manure management agricult. GHG 2. Energy production from biogas (power, heat, vehicle fuel) GHG from fossil fuels 3. Better fertiliser value less need for mineral fertiliser GHG from fertilser production 15

16 Environmental Benefits plus 4. Weed and pathogen control through AD 5. Phosphate recycling saves scarce P- sources 6. Reduced odour emissions from animal husbandry 16

17 Social Benefits AD gives farms & rural areas new perspectives: + Additional income for farms (or reduced energy costs, e.g. through self-supply in Belgium) + Local companies are involved in construction of AD plants, maintenance and repair Support of SME in rural areas Strengthening of a regional financial circuit 17

18 Social Benefits from renewables facts from Germany (status quo 2012) Decentral (renewable) energy production diversification of energy supply 50% of renewable energy plants are owned by citizens (partly aiming at supplying regional energy) 754 energy cooperatives 70 new public service companies since 2005 Source: IÖW: Wertschöpfung durch Erneuerbare Energien, SR 210/15, Dez

19 Social Benefits from renewables facts from Germany (status quo 2012) Direct national added value from renewables: 18.9 billion 12.5 billion (= 66 %) remain on communal/ municipal level full-time jobs, 75 % in planning, production & installation Source: IÖW: Wertschöpfung durch Erneuerbare Energien, SR 210/15, Dez

20 Main messages Manure is available free of costs Additional income for farms AD is good for the environment 3-fold reduction of agriculture s CO 2 - footprint AD makes rural live more attractive Creates or keeps jobs in rural areas Less smell from animal husbandry 20

21 What politicians can do: Recognition of triple emission reduction effect Special compensation for Biogas from manure digestion Active awareness campaigns for Biogas from manure & agricultural residues Promotion of nutrient recycling and resource saving Acknowledge and facilitate positive effects on regional development 21

22 Would you like to know more? Michael Köttner IBBK Fachgruppe Biogas GmbH Am Feuersee Kirchberg m.koettner@biogas-zentrum.de Tel: Legal disclaimer Die alleinige Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Präsentation liegt bei den AutorInnen. Sie gibt nicht unbedingt die Meinung der Europäischen Union wieder. Weder die EASME noch die Europäische Kommission übernehmen Verantwortung für jegliche Verwendung der darin enthaltenen Informationen. 22