Auf in neue Märkte! Exportinitiative Energie. Markus Dicke, June 22nd, 2017, Darmstadt

Transcription

1 Auf in neue Märkte! Exportinitiative Energie Markus Dicke, June 22nd, 2017, Darmstadt

2 Practical Experiences of Biogas Plant Realization in China Seite 2

3 Biogas technology -- Close The Environment Circle! Seite 3

4 Biogas is a Multitalent Input Process Output Organic Waste Regrowing Mat. from Agricalture from Food Industie from Householdwaste from Ethanol/Starch/CPO Combinations Anerobic Flowchart Advantages Examples Biogas Electrical Power Heat-/Cooling Energy Natural Gas...Gasoline? Aorganic Fertilizer Reduce CO 2 Emission Seite 4

5 Flow Chart of a Biogas Plant Seite 5

6 Inventories of pigs Inventories of pigs in China in Inventories of pigs ( 10,000 units) Year-over-year growth Year 1. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China 2. Source: On the average, each pig can produce 4Kg manure per day 2 and based on the amount of pig in Aug. 2015, the total pig manure is about 1,804,500 tons per day in China Seite 6

7 Inventories of cows in China in Source: 2. Source: 奶牛粪最大甲烷生产潜力的估算和测定 作者 : 史风梅裴占江王粟高亚冰刘杰 Since entering the new century, the inventories of cows in China increased very fast, and in 2015, the total amount of cows in china reached 13,690, In 2014, the total cows in China reached 14,600,000 1, and the total cow manure is about 137,000,000 tons/a Seite 7

8 Reasons of Biogas Plants -- Germany vs. China Germany Feed-in-Tariff China German feed-in-tariff for electricity from biogas for 20 years The compensation should make it possible for a managed efficiently to be operated costeffectively, based on the use of state-of-the-art technology. guaranteed grid access for the biogas electricity Purchase guarantees are for a period of 20 years The subsidy for the biogas electricity is 1.6 CNY/KWh Chinese feed-in-tariff for electricity from biogas for 15 years The electricity price of biogas generation power adopt the market price plus incentive price. The incentive price is now 0.75Yuan/kWh. The guarantee period for biomass incentive price is 15 years since the operation. The incentive price will be cancelled after 15 years of operation. The incentive price catalogue for biomass generation power will be evaluated and published every two years. It has proved to be the world's most effective policy framework (Jacobsson, S.; Lauber, V. Energy Policy) Seite 8

9 Potential Energy recovery with Biogas From pig and cow manure in China 1 TS Content (% ) 1 Type Cow Manure Pig Manure Dry Matter Water Potential Biogas yield 2 ( Unit: m 3 /kg Ts ) Temperature Cow Manure Pig Manure Based on the data for the total pig and cow manure, the potential biogas yield for cow and pig manure is about: 90,427,356m 3 biogas per day. Based on the biogas yield, about 180,854,712kWh electricity could be recovered and used. And this amount of biogas could provide electricity to over 125 million people for one day( the average residential electricity consumption is 526 kwh/a per person in 2014) 3. Compared with petrol, this amount of biogas is equivalent to 63,480,004 L petrol, which can drive 814,659,820km by the nature gas car Source: ASAE D384.2 MAR Source: 我国农村有机废弃物资源及沼气潜力. 作者 : 张无敌 刘士清 周斌 何彩云 3. Source: : National Bureau of Statistics of China, Source: Seite 9

10 Obstacles and Chances Con: too small scale: Traditional animal husbandry in rural areas run by small family farms with small number of livestock. Pro: Recent 7 years many very large scale > cow / pig places husbandries has been built. Con: Traditional restriction of feedstock farming closed to the city, has lead to feedstock supply far away from the livestock. => cant close the circle Pro: In Northern China the feedstock areas are next to the animal husbandries Con: Traditional cow livestock hold in open area with difficult manure collection. Pro: Modern large scale cow farming is now mostly in closed husbandries with following the US farm model. Con: Sand bedding in Cow farms lead to high abrasive sand contend in the manure. Pro: Some good examples of manure bedding start to spread the good experiences Seite 10

11 Obstacles and Chances *1 Con: High water consumption in feedstock farming leads to very low organic solid in the farm waste water (average 3.5%) => low efficient biogas ratio per cbm waste water. Pro: By adding low cost high TS waste like straw can increase the efficiency and biogas yield per ton. Con. prohibit liquid residue fertilizer application Few trial experience,. Pro: 2017 some local counties can allow liquid biogas residue application. Con: Small clustered agriculture area under Mao leads to complicated liquid fertilizer distribution in contrary to large scale farms. Pro: The current land reform and fast urbanization, will solve this problem in the mid term. Due to low energy prices ( Y/kWh) in China and low subsidy (+0.25 Y/kWh), the most advanced biogas technology can just produce el. energy for cost of 0.65Y/kWh (0.40 BGP+0.25CHP) thus there is no return in investment. Pro: Besides subsidiary from national government, local governments have introduced tariff subsidy policies to encourage biogas power generation projects Seite Source: German Biogas

12 Obstacles and Chances *1 Modern Farming Big modern farming is moving out to lower land price areas like the north of China. The northern cold climate (6months -0 ) lead to higher biogas plant investment and higher internal heating cost. Northern China has over supply and lowest energy prices. Pro: Law of feeding in electricity is easier to get a grid connection. Enough land around the farm can accept the liquid digestate as bio fertilizer Seite 12

13 Reasons of Biogas Plants -- Germany vs. China Germany Investments China The owners of the animal farms invest the biogas plants due to profit measures by the output : energy + fertilizer The average investment costs at 2006 on turn key projects was yuan / kwel installed capacity. Nearly 100% of biogas plants are connected to the grid due to the feed-in-tariff policy. Also medium scale plants get permission. Investors are smaller farmer or association of farmers who are located out of town next to the agriculture land for the feedstock (animal or re-growing material) Investments in building biogas plants are due to environmental concerns ; smell,water pollution, methane emission. The average investment per installed kwel for recent large scale biogas plant was 40% to 100% higher compared with Germany, Source: Yunan,.Agriculture Department Most plants run in an island mode, very few grid connected plants, Below 500 kw not grid permission. Investors are companies who own mostly several farms, located close to the city were the feedstock is far away. External use of fertilizer. Not sufficient land to apply Seite 13

14 Reasons of Biogas Plants -- Germany vs. China Germany Returns China High feed-in-ta Produced kw/h is delivering ROI besides the fertilizer with average 1,6 Yuan / kwh Three times higher cost of CHP but...98% of the biogas plants utilize the biogas by CHP system. The total efficiency is around 80% (where the gas engine has an efficiency of 38-40%, and the heat utilization has an efficiency of 40-45%) Good German biogas plants are running on more than 8000 hours/year and deliver profit to the plant owner. The good German biogas plants have a payback period of 6-7 years. Feed-in trarff only from 500 kw about 0,40-0,50 yuan/kwh +0,25 Adder for grid feed-in. The low energy and fertilizer prices do not payback the investment and mostly don t cover the operational cost. Produced kw/h is delivering low IRR, no heatconcept. The efficiency difference 40% lower than the European ones. Many biogas plants in China are not under well operation nor service or maintenance Seite 14

15 Investment for cmb manure (Yuan) Investment for cmb manure treatment (Yuan) Inverstment for cmb manure treatment (yuan) + Reverse Osmosis Only Fermentation +Decantor + Ultra-filtration 2 Input COD Remaining COD (mg/l) 61.5% 0 % 15.5% 22% COD removal proportion (%) Seite 15

16 Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal waste water treatment plant (GB ) Maximum allowable average daily discharge of waste water concentration (mg/l) No. Basic control item First level A B Second level Third level 1 COD BOD SS Animal / plant oil Total N / / 6 Ammonia nitrogen / 7 Total P ph Fecal coliform (piece/l) / Seite 16

17 Mile Stones of German Biogas 2009 Only German China based company with proven European biogas technology with 8 years of experience in Chinese Market licensed agent of MT-Energie, 20% market share, the most successful biogas company in Europe Realisation of the first German standart bioggas plant in China. Localization of European Technology to the Chinese manure collection with 1 st year round stable biogas production first German biogas plant for very large cows farm Turnkey construction for large farm of 1200cbm/d manure slurry waste water treatment biogas plant establishment of Biogas Joint Venture for 100 large biogas plants, 1-4MW/h in 5 Years Design and Construction of frist two biogas plants in Shangdong Seite 17

18 Agro Waste Reference Huadian Longgan Lake Project Technical Data Huadian Engineering (CHEC ) Finished construction: Nov. 2011, German Biogas tasks: Detailed Engineering Design, Construction Monitoring, Import Biogas Equipment, Installation biogas equipemt, Operation System, Plant Comissioning, Service, Capacity: 1200 kw el Jenbacher Input material: Until disigned 470 m 3 /d pig manure slurry ( pigs) now added coferment food waste. Rewarded Project in China : 3rd price, sientific + technical power building 3rd price, national programm outstanding consultancy 2.nd price, sientific + technical achivements Seite 18

19 Dongying Austasia Biogas plant Technical Data Finish of construction: Sep. 2012, Successful trun key EPC project. Current offer operation support Designed Input: 90m3/d cow manure with TS 9% Capacity: 1 st Phase 330 KW el, Solution for large 10,000 dairy cows Farming Seite 19

20 Dongying Austasia Biogas plant 2 Technical Data Finish of construction: Sep. 2014, Successful trun key EPC project. Current offer operation support Designed Input: : Cow slurry t/d with COD Output: nm3/d biogas, 700~1100 t/d treated water with COD 400 mg/l Seite 20

21 Future Legal Recommendations for Biogas in China Change the subsidy model from investment subsidies to a solely output orientated support scheme. A combination of support scheme for electrical energy, bio-methane and organic fertilizer, which takes China s low price of energy into account, is the key to successful energy integration from biogas. Encourage co-operation between the agriculture and municipal sectors to enable utilization of a mix of agriculture and bio-waste from restaurants and households. This has the potential to increase biogas productivity five times. Increase the feed-in tariff for biogas plants. A new feed-in tariff should enable farms to get a return on invest from biogas plants starting at 3000kW/h production Seite Source: European Business in China position Paper

22 Future Business Model for Biogas in China Sufficient material without cost or getting paid Total investment 1 RMB 40,000,000 2 Revenue /a 20,000, Electricity kWh/a,0.75 RMB/kWh 12,000, Bio fertilizer 20,000t/a, 400RMB/t 8,000,000 Reliable and economical technology Profitable biogas plant Organic agriculture park 3 Operation cost/a 10,000,000 High tariff subsidies Organic fertilizer industry Seite Source: European Business in China position Paper

23 In modern society waste changed from a problem to a valuable resource German Bio Energy Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd DRC, No.1 Gongtibeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing Postal Code: Tel.: Fax: Markus Dicke General Manager dicke@germanbiogas.com Seite 23