Analysis of Runoff Reduction and Hydrologic Cycle Utilizing LID Concepts

Transcription

1 Maine Stormwater Conference (Portland, ME, 2015) Analysis of Runoff Reduction and Hydrologic Cycle Utilizing LID Concepts Park Jongpyo, Lee Kyoungdo: HECOREA. INC Shin Hyunsuk: Busan National University 1 / 25

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3 1. Objectives of the research LID techniques applied two different method in Eco-Delta city. The Method clayout with planter boxes (LID facilities) 1. To uniformly distributed planter boxes 2. To distributed planter boxes in a nearby drainage outlet area SWMM modeling and performance analysis Plan Space layout Plan of Planter boxes Study area Modeling Software SWMM Results analysis Stormwater Reduction Hydrologic cycle change Planning drawing of Eco-delta City in Busan, Korea 3 / 25

4 2. Eco-Delta City Introduce to Eco-Delta City Eco-Delta City is an Eco-Friendly waterfront city developed by K-water and Busan Metropolitan city Developing area: 11.9km 2 (3,000 ac), Construction period: LID techniques will be applied to the entire area. 4 / 25

5 3. Weather and Geographic Information Weather Data: Busan weather station Month Temp( ) High Low mean Rainfall ( mm ) Wind speed ( m s ) Evapora tion (mm) Change of the number of years for rainfall 1월 월 월 월 월 월 월 Monthly rainfall 8 월 월 월 월 월 전년 Annual Rainfall: 1,511mm(60in) Summer season: 898mm (35in) 5 / 25

6 3. Weather and Geographic Information Present land-use & developing land-use plan Present land-use Farmland area: 77%, River: 3.5% :Hydrologic soil group D type: over 80% After development Housing area: 22%, Industrial area: 28% Green open space: 17% 1 st Stage Develoment The land-use maps are represented by pre-development and development land-use 6 / 25

7 3. Weather and Geographic Information Height & Slope analysis DEM(Digital Elevation model) Height difference between river and land: Below 1m:(3.28ft) (low-lying ground) Slope Plain area of the Nakdong Delta: Gentle slope topography (Below 5%) 7 / 25

8 4. LID plan (1 st stage: zone 2, This study application) The Study Area(Zone 2) of Eco-Delta City (1 st stage: ZONE 2, G basin) Zone 2: Total Area Study area: G Basin 770,966 m 2 (190 ac) 265,010 m 2 (65 ac) The study on Effect analysis: Runoff reduction and Water Cycle Improvement 1 st : The LID facility plan uniformly distributed planter boxes 2 nd : The LID facility plan distributed planter boxes in a nearby drainage outlet area Zone 2 Zone 1 8 / 25

9 4. LID plan and modeling scenario Modeling scenario: 1 st CASE The LID facility plan uniformly distributed planter box Key Map Study area: G Basin A Planter Boxes: catchment area 265,010 m 2 (65 ac) 28,650 m 2 (7 ac) Out 9 / 25

10 4. LID plan and modeling scenario Modeling scenario: 2 nd CASE: The LID facility plan distributed planter box in a nearby drainage outlet area Study area: G Basin A Planter Boxes: Catchment area Key Map 265,010 m 2 (190 ac) 28,650 m 2 (7 ac) Out 10 / 25

11 4. LID plan and modeling scenario Target rainfall 1: Design rainfall Duration 5yr 10yr 30yr Rainfall (mm) 66.5 (2.6 ) 77.9 (3.1 ) 94.9 (3.7 ) IDF Curve 11 / 25

12 4. LID plan and modeling scenario Target rainfall 2: One hour rainfall and monthly evaporation ( , 11years) Annual total Rainfall Annual total evaporation 1,472 mm (57.9 ) 1,100 mm (43.3 ) 12 / 25

13 4. LID plan and modeling scenario Summary of Modeling Scenario Design Rainfall Flood Reduction Assessment CASE 1 CASE 2 Long-Term Meteorological Data Hydrological cycle change Assessment 1 st CASE: The LID facility plan uniformly distributed planter box 2 nd CASE: The LID facility plan distributed planter box in a nearby drainage outlet area 13 / 25

14 5. Simulation Results : Runoff Reduction Flood Reduction: Return period 5year Div. Peak flow (m 3 /s) Flow Volume (m 3 ) Non-LID 6.68 (236 ft 3 /s) 15,530 (20,312 yd 3 ) CASE (216 ft 3 /s) ( 8.1%) 14,260 (18,651 yd 3 ) ( 8.2%) CASE (211 ft 3 /s) ( 10.0%) 14,380 (18,808 yd 3 ) ( 7.4%) Flood Reduction: Return period 10year Div. Peak flow (m 3 /s) Flow Volume Non-LID 8.15 (288 ft 3 /s) 18,440 (24,119 yd 3 ) CASE (266 ft 3 /s) ( 7.7%) 17,030 (22,274 yd 3 ) ( 7.6%) CASE (260 ft 3 /s) ( 9.6%) 17,146 (22,426 yd 3 ) ( 7.0%) SWMM LID simulation results on Runoff reduction shows that uniformly distributed planter boxes can reduce peak discharge runoff by 8.1, 7.7% compared to a non LID application each 5year and 10year storms. The peak discharge reduction rate when a planter box case was installed to the nearby drainage outlet was 10.0%, 9.6%. respectively 14 / 25

15 Runoff (cms) 5. Simulation Results : Runoff Reduction Flood Reduction: Return period 30year 구분 Peak flow (m 3 /s) Flow Volume Non-LID (367 ft 3 /s) 22,853 (29,891 yd 3 ) CASE (341 ft 3 /s) ( 6.9%) 21,274 (27,825 yd 3 ) ( 6.9%) CASE (336 ft 3 /s) ( 8.3%) 21,390 (29,133 yd 3 ) ( 6.4%) Non-LID CASE 1 CASE Time(min) In 30year return period storm, Uniformly distributed LID facilities case can reduce peak discharge runoff by 6.9% the LID facility plan distributed a planter boxes in a nearby drainage outlet area can reduce peak discharge runoff by 8.3% The nearby drainage outlet case is better than the uniformly distributed case in terms of peak discharge reduction 15 / 25

16 6. The hydrologic cycle effect of LID Results of Infiltration & Runoff depth: 11year long-term simulation 구분 Infiltration depth(mm) Runoff depth(mm) Non-LID 70.7 (2.7 in) (48.6 in) CASE (5.3 in) ( 89%) (46.0 in) ( 5.3%) CASE (4.7 in) ( 69%) (46.6 in) ( 4.1%) Infiltration Depth 50 0 Non-LID CASE-1 CASE-2 The Results of the infiltration rate have increased according to LID facility installation. The uniformly distributed planter box case improved the infiltration rate by 89% The installed planter box case to a nearby drainage outlet improved it by 69%. Runoff depth reduction rate of a uniformly distributed planter boxes area more than 20% the installation of a planter box in a nearby drainage outlet 16 / 25

17 7. Conclusion As a result of the research, the uniformly distributed LID plan has an advantage on hydrologic cycle improvement. However, the nearby drainage outlet case is better than the uniformly distributed case in terms of peak discharge reduction. BEST Design Strom Flood Reduction Assessment Nearby drainage outlet LID plan Long-Term Meteological Data Hydrological cycle change Assessment Uniformly distributed LID plan 17 / 25

18 And today INTRO: K-LIDM software Based on WWHM and SWMM Developed by Pusan National University / Korea GI&LID research Group HECOREA / CCS(Clear Cleek Solutions) 18 / 25

19 K-LIDM Concepts Input Data Drainage basin Input: HSPF input file form - Area (impervious, pervious), Land Use, Slope, Infiltaition & simulation parameter Channel & Pipe data (hydraulic Routing) - Bottom width, Length, Manning n, Slope of Channel, Left(Right) Side Slope, Depth Reservoir (Reservoir Routing) - Reservoir Facility Dimension(Area, Depth, Slope) - Outlet structure Water Quality parameter Rainfall - Long-term simulation: Day(day)-Rain(mm) and Evaporation data : Averaged a Month - Text or Excel Sheets Type monthly a day mean: Evaporation data (daily) Database development Infiltration Percolation LID modeling Component Units Surface runoff and Precipitation applied to LID facility Soil Layer (or Storage) Interflow / Groundwater LID Facility - Detention(Retention) Basin, Constructed Wetlands, Porous Pavement, Infiltration Trench, Bioretention, Green roofs, Infiltration Vegetated Filter Strip, Vegetated Swale, Tree Box filter, Rainwater Harvesting Etc. Facility Dimensions - Length, Width, Height, Effective Total Depth, Bottom slope, Freeboard, Vegetative Cover Infiltration - Thickness, porosity, Infiltration rate - Soil type of Soil layer Outlet structure - Type, Diameter, Height, Etc Parameter of Pollutant Removal Output Input Data Summary Produce Report Summary Report Flow - Duration, Frequency Hydrographs Groundwater Recharge volumes Clogging Calculation results Water Quality GUI : Graph, Table 19 / 25

20 K-LIDM UI We have developed global applicable software for LID effects modeling US, SI units / English, Korean language / SWMM linkage function 20 / 25

21 Main function of K-LIDM Scenario Comp. Hydro LID Control 21 / 25

22 LID component (ex. Bioretention) LID Component Bioretention Example) 22 / 25

23 Application Example - #1 Basin: 3Hectares Roads/Flat 100*100*5m Bioretention design Busan weather station 10-year, 1-hour rainfall data apply 100 m = 328 ft, 5m = 16 ft Monthly peak discharge Results 23 / 25

24 Application Example - #2 Basin: 5 Hectares Roads/ Steep 100*100*4m Sand filter 61*61*2m Reservoir Busan weather station 10-year, 1-hour rainfall data apply 100 m = 328 ft, 61 m=200 ft, 4 m=13 ft, 2 m= 6.6ft Display Results: / 25

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