PAKISTAN DEVELOPMENT FORUM (PDF) PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES

Transcription

1 PAKISTAN DEVELOPMENT FORUM (PDF) 12th14th May, 2003, Islamabad Presentation on PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES Dr. Shahid Amjad Chaudhry Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission Government of Pakistan 1

2 PRESENTATION OUTLINE! Background! Poverty in Pakistan! Water Availability in Pakistan! Water Availability vs Population growth! Escapage below Kotri! Seepage losses in irrigation system! Reservoir Sedimentation! Water Sector Issues! SubSectors of Water Resources! Water Resources Development Matrix! Water Storages! Construction of New Canals! Irrigated Areas & Water Projects! Remodelling/Rehabilitation/Lining of Canals & Watercourses! Drainage & Reclamation! Flood Control! Physical Targets 2

3 BACKGROUND! Share of agriculture in GDP is 25%.! Employment in Agriculture is 49%.! Rural Poverty is 39% as compared to urban poverty (23%) and is on increase particularly in drought hit areas.! Increase in irrigated areas is important to alleviate poverty by development and Integrated Management of Water Resources. 3

4 POVERTY IN PAKISTAN (Head Count Ratio) PERCENTAGE YEARS Overall Rural Urban 4

5 5 WATER AVAILABILTY IN PAKISTAN AVAILABILITY MAF USES ABOVE RIM STATIONS 5.7 MAF CANAL DIVERSION MAF TOTAL MAF BALANCE AVAILABLE 44.6 MAF

6 WATER AVAILABILITY VS POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION GROWTH PER CAPITA AVAIL ABILITY (M) POPULATION ( MILLIONS) PER CAPITA AV AILABILITY AFTER MANGLA AFTER TRE A TY BEFORE TRE A TY INDEPENDENCE 5650 m3 (1951) AFTER TARBELA WAT ER SHORT COUNTRY 1700 m m m m CANALS DIVERSION (MAF) POPULATION ( MILLIONS) YE ARS 6

7 ESCAPAGE BELOW KOTRI * (HYDROLOGICAL YEAR FROM APRIL TO MARCH) AVG.(35.20) Ye ars Annual Discharge (MAF)

8 SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM Location Delivery at Head Loss (MAF) % age MAF Main and Branch Canals Disty. And Minors Watercourses Fields Crop Use 41 Total 65 8

9 SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM Total loss of water in the system Loss of water underlain by Fresh water area Loss of water underlain by Saline water areas Loss in bigger canals underlain by Saline water 65 MAF 33 MAF 32 MAF 8 MAF Loss in distributaries & Minors underlain by Saline water 3.5 MAF Loss in watercourses underlain by Saline water 12.5 MAF Loss in Field underlain by Saline water 8 MAF 9

10 RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION (MAF) RESERVOIR ORIGINAL STORAGE CAPACITY (MAF) STORAGE LOSS BY THE YEAR 2001 (MAF) STORAGE LOSS BY YEAR 2010 (PROJECTED) (MAF) TARBELA (1974) (24%) (34%) MANGLA (1967) (18%) (26%) CHASHMA (1971) (43%) (55%) TOTAL (23%) (32%) 10

11 WATER SECTOR ISSUES! WATER SCARCITY! WATER ESCAPAGE TO SEA! NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESERVOIRS! SAFE DISPOSAL OF DRAINAGE EFFLUENT TO SEA! PROTECTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE FROM ONSLAUGHT OF FLOODS.! MINING OF GROUND WATER! SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM! LACK OF PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION! DETERIORATING INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES OF KEY WATER SECTOR INSTITUTIONS.! INCREASED POVERTY IN BACKWARD IRRIGATED AREAS. 11

12 SUBSECTORS SECTORS OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT! WATER STORAGES! CONSTRUCTION OF NEW CANALS! REMODELLING/REHABILITATION/LINING OF CANALS & WATERCOURSES! DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION.! FLOOD CONTROL 12

13 WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Issue Strategy Water Storage Capacity Construction of New Flood Water Canals Remodelling/Rehabilit ation/lining of canals and water courses Midterm Plan (10 Years) M aintain e xisting storage capacity by adding water storage of 5.34 MAF to compensate for storage loss of 5.9 MAF Use 3.03 MAF of Flood water & 2.7 MAF of perennial water. Conserve 6 MAF of water through selected Irrigation System Rehabilitation in Sindh, Punjab and improvement of watercourses. LongTerm Plan (1020 Years) Development of 30 MAF of storages. Maintain the existing & new canal systems. Line all distributaries, minors and watercourses underlain by saline water areas. 13

14 WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Issue Strategy Drainage & Reclamation Flood Control Midterm Plan (10 Years) Restore productivity of land by reclam ining 6.6 M.A of disastrous area through National Drainage Programme, RBODI, RBOD II, Groundwater Management, Master Drainage Plan. Reduce colossal losses by onslaught of floods, by constructing 1101 Km embankments, 303 spurs, harness 33 hill torrents and improve flood forecasting & warning system through Flood Management of Murri Bughti Hill Torrents, 2 nd Flood Sector Project, Normal Flood Programme & Fan Management of M ithanwan Hill Torrents. LongTerm Plan (1020 Years) Drainage Accord, based on Master Drainage Plan and sustain the reclaimed area. Continuation of Flood Control Program me based on feed back from th e M idt er m Plan. 14

15 WATER STORAGES 15

16 NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESERVOIRS! WATERSHORT LANDRICH COUNTRY! RAPIDLY INCREASING POPULATION.! DEPLETING ONLINE STORAGES.! LARGE ESCAPAGES OF UNCONTROLLED FLOOD FLOWS INTO SEA.! EFFECTIVE RIVER REGULATION AND INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 16

17 BACKGROUND FOR FUTURE STORAGES! DEVELOPMENT OF WATER STORAGES AT STAND STILL SINCE 1976! STORAGE CAPACITY ONLY 11% OF TOTAL SURFACE WATER! HYDROPOWER ONLY 16% OF TOTAL POTENTIAL! IMPROVE HYDEL/THERMAL POWER MIX.! 22.5 MA CULTURABLE LAND AVAILABLE FOR DEVELOPMENT 17

18 OBJECIVES FOR FUTURE STORAGES! DEVELOPMENT OF 65 MAF OF STORAGES! DEVELOPMENT OF 23,000 MW OF HYDRO, COAL AND GAS POWER STATIONS! DEVELOPMENT OF LOW HEAD HYDELS ON CANALS! ENCOURAGE PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT (FOREIGN/LOCAL) AND PRIVATE/PUBLIC SECTOR JOINT VENTURES! SUPPORT ECONOMY AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN BACKWARD AREAS 18

19 EXISTING SURFACE STORAGES PROJECT RIV ER HT. OF DAM (FT.) LIVE STORAGE (MAF) POWER (MW) PURPOSE TARBELA(1976) INDUS I,P MANGLA (1966) JHELUM I,P CHASHMA (1971) INDUS 0.61 I,P WARSAK (1960) KABUL I,P BARAN DAM (1962) KURRAM I,P HUB (1983) HUB I,W KHANPUR (1984) HARO I,W TANDA (1965) KOHAT TOI I RAWAL (1962) KURANG W SIMLY DAM (1972) SOAN W BKD KHAN (1900) PISHIN I HAMAL LAKE 0.08 I MANCHAR LAKE INDUS 0.75 I KINJHAR LAKE INDUS 0.32 I,W CHOTIARI LAKE INDUS 0.78 I TOTAL I IRRIGATION P POWER W WATER SUPPLY 19

20 TOTAL STORAGE POTENTIAL Sr. No. ITEM TOTAL STORAGE CAPACITY (MAF) I SURFACE STORAGES IN OPERATION II STORAGES WHICH CAN BE INTEGRATED WITH EXISTING IRRIGATION SYSTEM 1. STORAGE SITES (RIVERS & TRIBUTARIES) 2. OFF CHANNEL STORAGES 3. RAISED MANGLA SUB TOTAL III STORAGE SITES OUTSIDE EXISTING IRRIGATION SYSTEM BALOCHISTAN SINDH PUNJAB NWFP SUB TOTAL TOTAL II & III

21 PRIORITY WATER SECTOR PROJECTS PART I Project Location Storage (MAF) Area Under Irrigation (Acres) Power (MW) Construction Tentative Cost (US$ M) Period (Yrs) Ground Breaking Completion Date GOMAL ZAM DAM NWFP , Aug 2001 June 2006 MIRAN I DAM Bal , Aug 2001 June 2006 RAIS ING MANGLA DAM AJ&K Sep 2002 June 2007 THAL FLOOD CANAL Punjab 1,534, Aug 2001 June 2007 RAIN EE FLOOD WATER CANAL Sindh 412, Oct 2002 June 2007 KACHHI FLOOD CANAL / TAUNS A BARRAGE Bal. 713, Oct 2002 June 2007 S ATPARA DAM Skardu , April 2003 June 2006 KURRAM TANGI DAM NWFP , Aug 2004 June 2009 SABAKZAI DAM Bal , April 2003 Dec 2005 TOTAL: ,262, ,649 21

22 STORAGE SITES PROPOSED FOR DETAILED STUDIES PARTI Sr. No. Project Location Purpose Present Status Proposed Study Studies Cost (R.Mil) 1 Basha Dam NA I, P PF F Thal Resevoir Punjab I, P R F Kachhi Canal Bal I R F Chashma Right Bank Canal (Lift Cum Gravity) NWFP I F D Greater Thal Canal Punjab I F C 6 Riverine Area Development Sindh I F 7 Thar/Rainee Canal Sindh I PF F Sehwan Barrage Complex Sindh I F D 198 TOTAL: 1721 I Irrigation W Water Supply F Feasibility D Detailed Engineering P Power PF Pre Feasibility R Reconnaissance C Ready for Contructtion 22

23 CONSTRUCTION OF NEW CANALS PROJECT LOCATION TOTAL WATER REQUIR EMENT (MAF) THAL FLOOD CANAL RAINEE FLOOD CANAL PERENIAL WATER FLOOD WATER AREA (MA) COST Rs. M COMPLETION DATE PUNJAB ,467 JUNE 2007 SINDH ,947 JUNE 2007 KACHHI FLOOD CANAL BALOCHIS TAN ,450 JUNE 2007 TOTAL ,864 23

24 ! THE DAMS ARE BEING CONSTRUCTED FOR WATER STORAGE OF 5.34 MAF TO COMPENSATE STORAGE LOSS OF MAF DUE TO SEDIMENTATION BY THE YEAR 2010.! THE NEW CANALS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO UTILIZE MAF OF FLOOD WATER OTHER THAN PERENNIAL FLOW OF MAF. 24

25 PRESENTLY IRRIGATED AREAS AND PROPOSED WATER PROJECTS NWFP Disputed Territory PUNJAB BALOCHISTAN SINDH AREA Pres ently Irrigated Areas Ongoing Schemes Sindh 6.5 MA 1.0 MA Punjab 33.4 MA 1.5 MA NWFP 2.3 MA 0.5 MA Balochistan 2.2 MA 0.8 MA TOTAL 44.4 MA 3.8 MA 25

26 REMODELLING/REHABILITATION/LINING OF CANALS AND WATERCOURSES. 26

27 MAJOR REHABILITATION/LINING OF WATER SECTOR PROJECTS S.No NAME OF PROJECT TOTAL COST (Rs. M) ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE PSDP ALLOCATION (Rs. M) 1. IRRIGATION SYSTEM REHABILITATION SINDH (PHASEI) IRRIGATION SYSTEM REHABILITATI PUNJAB 20, LINING OF DISTRIBUTARIES & MINORS PUNJAB. 31, LINING OF CHANNELS IN SINDH 17, MODERNIZATION OF BARRAGES Pb. 30, ONFARM WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7. INSTALLATION OF TELEMETRIC SYSTEM IN INDUS BASIN 12,

28 DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION OBJECTIVES! RESTORING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL LAND BY CONTROLLING WATERLOGGING & SALINITY.! MANAGING QUANTITY & QUALITY OF DRAINAGE EFFLUENT IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MANNER.! GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT (QUANTITATIVE & QUALITATIVE) THROUGH TUBEWELL TRANSITION, AQUIFER MONITORING & MANAGEMENT.! STUDY ON NATIONAL SURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND PREPARATION OF MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN. 28

29 MAJOR DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION PROJECTS S.No NAME OF PROJECT TOTAL COST (Rs. M) AREA TO BE BENEFITTED (M.A) ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE 1. NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAM INCLUDING MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN 31, DEC LBOD DEC RBODI RBODII 14, DEC OTHER PROJECTS IN PUNJAB

30 FLOOD CONTROL OBJECTIVES! TO REDUCE COLOSAL LOSSES BY ONSLAUGHT OF FLOODS.! HARNESSING OF HILL TORRENTS TO REGULATE FLOOD FLOWS.! IMPROVEMENT IN FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING SYSTEM.! UPDATING FLOOD PLAIN MANNALS. 30

31 FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS S.No NAME OF PROJECT LOCATION TOTAL COST (Rs. M) ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE 1. FLOOD MANAGEMENT OF MURI BUGHTI HILL TORRENTS BALOCHISTAN SECOND FLOOD SECTOR PROJECT ALL OVER PAKISTAN NORMAL FLOOD PROGRAMME ALL OVER PAKISTAN 200 YEARLY BASIS 4. FAN MANAGEMENT OF MITHANWAN HILL TORRENTS PHYSICAL TARGETS EMBANKMENTS SPURS HARNESSING OF HILL TORRENTS PUNJAB Km 303 No. 33 No. 31

32 Water Availability PHYSICAL TARGETS ( ) 2011) Incremental MAF Commulative MAF Additional area to be irrigated 3.26 MA Disastrous area to be protected 6.60 MA SCARP Tubewells Installation/Rehabilitation 2200 No. Transition 7000 No. Surface Drains Rehabilitation 4088 Km New 2428 Km Subsurface Drains 1.00 MA Flood Control Embankments 1101 Km Spurs 303 Km OFWM Watercourse Improvement No. Precision Land Leveling 368,777 Acres 32