Overview of Low-carbon City Development and Transport Sector in North-East Asia

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1 Overview of Low-carbon City Development and Transport Sector in North-East Asia Sangmin NAM Deputy Director

2 GHG Emissions from North-East Asia ENEA: 6 countries, accounts for almost one third of global GHG emissions Cities: major driver of growing GHG emissions

3 Trend of GHG Emissions from North-East Asia

4 Share of Urban Population in North-East Asia Source: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision

5 Transport Sector: Share of Energy and Carbon Emissions in North-East Asia North East Asia 29% of world fossil fuels consumptions in % of world fossil fuels consumptions in transport sector

6 Mass Urbanization: China in 2025 McKinsey Global Institute estimate (2009)

7 China: Share in World Fossil Fuel Consumption What s the implications of the relatively low share of China in transport sector?

8 Urban Infrastructure and GHG Emissions

9 Urban Infrastructure and GHG Emissions Cities in developing countries

10 Low Carbon City - China China: a combination of top down and bottom up approach China s 12th Five Year Plan targets: Energy intensity reduction by 16 percent and Carbon intensity reduction by 17 percent by 2015 Pilot and demonstration: low carbon pilot cities and provinces (2010 and 2012) Pilot emission trading in 7 provinces (2011) Pilot low carbon transportation system (2011 and 2012)

11 Goals of Low Carbon Cities in China Carbon Intensity of Chinese GDP Targets for Mitigating GHG Emissions mostly through Reducing Carbon Intensity Baoding 35% ( ). Chengdu 35% ( ) Hangzhou 50% ( ) Jilin 60% ( ) Nanchang 38% ( ) Shenzhen 45% ( ) Tianjin 15.5% ( ) Xiamen 40% ( ) Guiyang 45% ( )

12 Low Carbon Cities in Japan: 13 Eco-Model Cities Bill of the Basic Act on Global Warming Countermeasures in 2010 specified Japan's strategy to build a low carbon society Low Carbon City Development Guidance in 2010 Eco model City Programme in 2008 and Future City Initiative in 2010 Cities Reduction Goal (mid term) Reduction Goal (by 2050) Kitakyushu 30% by % 2005 Kyoto 40% by % 1990 Sakai 15% by % 2005 Yokohama +30% per capita by % per capita 2004 Iida 40 50% by % 2005 Obihiro 30% by % 2000 Toyama 30% by % 2005 Toyota 30% by % 1990 Shimokawa 32% by % 1990 Minamata 33% by % 2005 Miyakojima 30 40% by % 2003 Yusuhara 50% by % 1990 Chiyoda 25% by % 1990 Base Year

13 Goals of Low Carbon Cities in Republic of Korea Low-Carbon Green Growth vision in 2008 EcoRich City for supporting green growth of cities Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth in 2009 The Low Carbon, Green Growth Basic Act in 2010 Targets for mitigating GHG emissions mostly based on BAU based target Seoul 25% ( ) Suwon 5% ( ) Kangreung 49% from BAU (2020) Jeju 42% from BAU (2020) Kwangju 40% from BAU (2020)

14 Low carbon Cities and Transport Sector in China China: 10 Regional Pilot Cities for promoting green and low carbon transportation development (Chongqing, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Nanchang, Guiyang, Baoding, Wuxi, Wuhan and Beijing) Develop green and low carbon transport infrastructure Promote the application of low carbon vehicles and systems and improve energy efficiency of transportation Improve transportation system and implement integrated transportation management systems Develop smart transportation system Improve decision making and management of transportation system, strengthen policies and regulations, to standardize relevant assessments and requirements.

15 Low carbon Cities and Transport Sector in China

16 Low Carbon Transport Case: Shenzhen Reducing 183 tons of CO2 per year by energy efficiency enhancement of subway ventilation system at a pilot subway station tons of CO2 per year by operating 3850 green public transportation vehicles 1.4million tons of CO2 emissions during by improving logistics, ports, etc. Establishment of the 1+4 Smart Transportation Information System (one centre, four platforms) (smart transportation platform, smart infrastructure platform, smart logistics platform and smart public administration platform). Transportation Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction Fund

17 Low Carbon Transport Case: Kyoto

18 Conclusions and the Way Forward Increasing initiatives of North East Asian cities for moving towards low carbon cities Low carbon transport or sustainable transport programme: key to low carbon cities Need to link discussions/ cooperation on LCT/ST with initiatives/ progress in LCC Action by ENEA Office/NEASPEC Member States of North East Asian Subregional Programme for Environmental Cooperation (NEASPEC) supports building LCC platform for knowledge sharing and capacity building ENEA Office, together with Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, will hold an international symposium, Realizing Low Carbon Cities in North East Asia on 5 6 December in Beijing