World Bank Energy Week

Transcription

1 Advanced Coal Technology to Power the World World Bank Energy Week Raymond Baumgartner Director- 60 Hz Reference Plants Power Generation 1 Kodierung

2 Coal Will Continue to Fuel Major Portion of World Electrical Generation Capacity Through Total GW Concern is Impact on Environment Oil Natural Gas Coal Nuclear Renewables EIA International Energy Outlook 2005 Most abundant fossil fuel constituting 2/3 of world s proven reserves Widely distributed with enough recoverable reserves to last 200 years US, Russia, China, India reserves constitute 67% of total Power Generation 2

3 Worldwide Coal-Fired Capacity by Region Total GW Mature Market Economies Transitional Economies Emerging Economies EIA Definitions: Mature Market: North America, Western Europe, Japan Transitional: Eastern Europe/FSU Emerging: Asia, Africa, Middle East EIA International Energy Outlook 2005 Modest growth in mature markets (largest in US) Significant growth in emerging markets (largest in China, India) Will add 3 billion metric tons of CO 2 emissions annually Power Generation 3

4 Installed Coal-Fired Capacity Total GW US China India 2002 Additions 2025 ll EIA International Energy Outlook 2005 US: 311GW (generating 50% of total capacity) China: 204 GW (generating 80% of total capacity) India: 66 GW (generating 70% of total capacity) Power Generation 4

5 New Coal-Fired Capacity Additions Through 2025 Total GW US China India 2002 Additions 2025 EIA International Energy Outlook 2005 US: 311 GW 90 GW 401 GW China: 204 GW 230 GW 434 GW India: 66 GW 60 GW 126 GW Power Generation 5

6 Coal-Fired Units in China few No. Units Number of Units No. Units > 600 Output Range (MW) Of the 1000 units in operation, ten 600 MW-class are supercritical Most units installed since 1980 (but low fleet efficiency) Less than 5% have emissions controls Power Generation 6

7 Technology for New Units in China Coal Plant Ordering Pattern in China Proportion of MW ordered >200 MW Yuhuan China s first ultra-supercritical power plant Yuhuan 4x1000 MW 262 bar, 600 C / 600 C subcritical supercritical Waigaoqiao 2x900 MW 250 bar, 538 C / 566 C The good news is China is embracing large unit Ultra-supercritical technology Power Generation 7

8 Coal-Fired Units in India Number of Units 25% Installed Capacity < 24% Net Efficiency World Bank Energy Week 2006 few No. Units < Output Range (MW) 343 units in operation- no supercritical, no emission controls India s 10/11 th Plan- almost all 660 MW supercritical units converted to 500 MW subcritical; few planned for future Actual capacity additions typically half of Plan No. Units March 7, 2006 Power Generation 8

9 Proven Technology is Available Today to Significantly Reduce Environmental Impact Tomorrow Fuel: Bituminous coal Ultra- Supercritical Net efficiencies [%] LHV Subcritical 167 bar 538 C 538 C 250 bar 540 C 560 C Supercritical 250 bar 566 C 566 C 270 bar 580 C 600 C 285 bar 600 C 620 C 40 1%-Point gain in efficiency for typical 700 MW plant reduces 30-yr lifetime emissions by 2000 t NO x, 2000 t SO 2, 500 t Particulates 2 ½ Mio t CO 2 fuel consumption by 2.4% Power Generation 9

10 Proven Technology is Available Today to Significantly Reduce Environmental Impact Tomorrow Fuel: Bituminous coal Ultra- Supercritical LHV Net efficiencies [%] Subcritical 167 bar 538 C 538 C 250 bar 540 C 560 C Supercritical 250 bar 566 C 566 C 270 bar 580 C 600 C 285 bar 600 C 620 C 40 Presently > 400 supercritical units in operation Supercritical technology is proven in operating units worldwide Capital costs are reasonable compared to subcritical units (only 2-5% higher) Manufacturing capability in many countries, including China, India Power Generation 10

11 Siemens has built Supercritical Unit References Worldwide in Operation since 2002 in Operation since 2003 in Operation since 2004 Isogo, Japan Niederaussem, Germany Waigaoqiao 1+2, China 1x600 MW / Main Steam: 251 bar / 600 C Reheat Steam: 610 C, Condenser: bar 1x1025 MW / Main Steam: 265 bar/576 C Reheat Steam: 600 C, Condenser: / bar 2x900 MW / Main Steam: 250bar / 538 C Reheat Steam: 566 C, Condenser: 0.049/ bar planned Operation in 2007 planned Operation in 2008 planned Operation in 2009 Kogan Creek, Australia 1x750 MW / Main Steam: 250 bar / 540 C Reheat Steam: 560 C, Condenser: 0.2 bar Yuhuan, China 4x1000 MW / Main Steam: bar / 600 C Reheat Steam: 600 C, Condenser: 0.054/0.044 bar Waigaoqiao 3, China 1x1000 MW / Main Steam: 270 bar / 600 C Reheat Steam: 600 C, Condenser: 0.054/0.044 bar Up to 1000 MW with steam parameters up to 265 bar and over 600 C Power Generation 11

12 Siemens Remains Committed to Designing and Building Clean, Efficient Power Plants Worldwide By investing significant R&D in advanced coal technologies including Ultra Supercritical Plants Integrated Gasification CC Plants By investing heavily in large manufacturing plants worldwide, including China The technology is available the manufacturing is available all that is needed is a commitment to use our precious resources more effectively Power Generation 12

13 What Should we do to Protect the Environment for Future Generations? For Countries Rich in Natural Gas Build high efficiency combined-cycle plants (but plan fuel diversity) For Emerging Countries with Small Installed Grids and low Natural Gas Reserves Build small ( MW) coal plants using modern day subcritical technology with low NO X burners and post-combustion emissions controls for SO 2 and particulates For Emerging Countries Rich in Coal with Large Installed Grids and Mature Countries Rich in Coal Continue to clean up/retire old coal-fired operating units Build large ( MW) supercritical/ultrasupercritical coal plants with post-combustion emissions controls for NO X, SO 2 and particulates Embrace IGCC as it becomes more commercially available Continue development toward CO 2 capture Power Generation 13

14 How Can the World Financing Community Help? mg/nm 3 Present Emissions Guidelines for Coal-Fired Plants World Bank Typical US/EU Available Technology NO X LNB+SCR SO FGD Particulates ESP LNB = Low NOx Burners/ SCR = Selective Catalytic Reduction/ FGD = Flue Gas Desulphurization/ ESP = Electrostatic Precipitator Bring Emission Guidelines in line with requirements in rest of the world and available technologies Stipulate efficiency thresholds to promote advanced coal technologies Promote carbon credits to effectively reduce CO 2 Power Generation 14

15 Advanced Coal Technology to Power the World A Sound Commitment Today for Generations to Come World Bank Energy Week Thank You Raymond Baumgartner Director- 60 Hz Reference Plants Power Generation 15 Kodierung