Managing Disasters in the Philippines

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Chad Burns
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1 Regional workshop: Building Resilience to Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability to Meet Water Security Challenges July 1-11, 217 Langkawi, Malaysia Managing Disasters in the Philippines By Mirasol G. Domingo

2 Outline of Presentation Geographical location Disaster profile Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) System Prevention and Mitigation Strategies (national) Local management initiatives for Hydro hazards Opportunities for improvement Conclusion

3 The PHILIPPINE Geography

4 The Philippines An archipelagic nation of 1.7 Filipinos (215) Is generally blessed with abundant water resources: Has 18 major river basins Has 421 principal river basins Has 72 natural lakes Has coastlines stretching to 266, sq. km Dependable surface water supply: 125,79 MCM/year Groundwater potential: around 2,2 MCM/year Laguna Lake Davao River Pampanga River Maria Cristina Falls

5 18 MAJOR RIVER BASINS IN THE PHILIPPINES Source :

has a tropical and maritime climate, characterized by relatively high temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall around 2 tropical cyclones are expected to enter or develop every year, and 8 to

6 has a tropical and maritime climate, characterized by relatively high temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall around 2 tropical cyclones are expected to enter or develop every year, and 8 to 9 would progress to landfall Tropical cyclones and intense rainfall of seasonal monsoons make vulnerability to hydro-hazard a national priority concern that can be associated with the increasing number of people, industries and infrastructures that are located in hazard-prone areas

PACIFIC RING OF FIRE https://collections.unu.

7 2 average typhoon visit yearly PHILIPPINES 3 rd Most disaster- Prone country in the world PACIFIC RING OF FIRE

9 216 World Risk Index Rank Country Risk (%) Vanuatu Tonga Philippines Guatemala Bangladesh Solomon Islands Brunei Darussalam Costa Rica Cambodia Papua New Guinea

10 Philippines is prone to natural calamities and disasters Robert Speta/WPW

11 disasterpreparedness.wikia.com

12 Robert Michael Poole

13 Number of Natural Disasters in the Philippines, Year Drought Earthquake (seismic activity) Epidemic Flood Mass movement (dry) Mass movement (wet) Storm Volcano Total Total Source: Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT): The Office of U.S, Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)/CRED International Excerpts :(213) senate.gov.ph, Natural Disasters at a Glance

14 Selected Natural Disaster Statistics in the Philippines, Year Death tolls , , ,37 1,113 1, Homeless Injured Affected Cost of Damage (US$ Million) 125,25 1, 3, 83,23 8, , ,321-2, , ,96 6, ,425,2 3,624,958 1,211, ,761 3,263,76 213,57 8,612,817 2,23,92 8,459,896 13,352,484 5,581,57 11,729,947 5,889, Total 12, ,98 138,116 71,73,985 3, Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Excerpts :(213) senate.gov.ph, Natural Disasters at a Glance

15 The impacts of Typhoon Bopha (Pablo) Infrastructure and Communication Industries, Businesses, and Private Properties Agriculture Environmental Integrity Education Health and Safety Livelihood Lives

families Total Casualties: 1,67 Filipinos Reported Missing: 834 Filipinos Other

16 Typhoon Bopha (Pablo) 212 Total Estimate Cost of Damage: PHP36,949,23,987.7 (agriculture, infrastructure, properties) Total Individuals Affected: 711,682 families Total Casualties: 1,67 Filipinos Reported Missing: 834 Filipinos Other immediate problems: WASH, Food Security, Health and Safety, Shelter, Logistics and Communication, Education

17 Baranggay Andap and New Bataan, Compostela Valley Province 16 affected baranggays 46,39 affected individuals 126 casualties

18 How do we manage disasters?

19 Republic Act 1121: The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 21 An act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and management system, providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, appropriating funds therefore and for other purposes

20 Republic Act 1121: The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 21 Prevention, mitigation, and preparedness activities are given more priority over quick response operations.

21 Source:slideshare.com

22 Source: (213) Chong, Ma. Theresa T.

23 Source: (213) Chong, Ma. Theresa T. / slideshare.com

24 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Disaster Preparedness Safer, Adaptive and Disaster Resilient Filipino communities towards sustainable development Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Disaster Response

Disaster Prevention and Mitigation GOAL: Avoid Hazards and Mitigate their potential impacts by reducing their vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities

25 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation GOAL: Avoid Hazards and Mitigate their potential impacts by reducing their vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities OBJECTIVES: 1) Reduce vulnerabilities and exposure of communities to all hazards 2) Enhance capacities of communities to reduce their own risks and cope with the impacts of all hazards

Disaster Prevention and Mitigation OUTCOME 1 DRRM and CCA mainstreamed in integrated in regional, sectoral and local development policies, plans and budget (OCD) OUTCOME 4 Community-based and

26 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation OUTCOME 1 DRRM and CCA mainstreamed in integrated in regional, sectoral and local development policies, plans and budget (OCD) OUTCOME 4 Community-based and scientific DRRM and CCA assessment, mapping, analysis and monitoring are conducted and/or improved (OCD) OUTCOME 2 DRRM and CCA sensitive environmental management (DENR) OUTCOME 5 Communities have access to effective and applicable disaster risk financing and insurance (DOF) OUTCOME 3 Increased disaster resilience of infrastructure system (DPWH) OUTCOME 6 End-to-end monitoring system, forecasting and early warning systems are established and/or improved (DOST)

27 Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness Strategies

28 Source: (213) Chong, Ma. Theresa T.

29 Source: (213) Chong, Ma. Theresa T.

30 Flood and Hazard Mapping

DOST Project NOAH Nationwide Operational

communities along 18 major river systems;

31 DOST Project NOAH Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards Project NOAH aims to provide: flood mitigation system, specifically targeting a 6-hour flood early warning system for communities along 18 major river systems; enhancement of geohazard maps and; enhancement of storm surge vulnerability maps

32 Project NOAH Website noah.dost.gov.ph

33 WebSAFE :

An expansion of the DREAM Program, aims to produce 3-D

river systems Aside from addressing disaster risk

information to be generated from this project will also

various sectors in the country Digital Elevation Model

34 An expansion of the DREAM Program, aims to produce 3-D flood and hazard maps for the 2/3 of the Philippine river systems Aside from addressing disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation, the resource information to be generated from this project will also be useful in providing the information requirements of various sectors in the country Digital Elevation Model Critical Facilities Flood Map

35 Automated Rain Gauge Water Level Monitoring Sensors Meteorological Buoy

36 DIWATA-1 Class: 5kg Microsatellite Dimensions: 55 x 55 x 35cm Inclination: 51.6 degree Altitude: ~ 42km Launch: March 23, 216 Release: April 27, 216 Funded by: DOST-PCIEERD JAXA/NASA

37 PAYLOAD AND APPLICATIONS Wide Field Camera High Precision Telescope SMI with LCTF Middle Field Camera Target Applications Observation of cloud patterns and weather disturbances Target Applications Assessment of the changes in Vegetation Assessment of ocean productivity Target Applications Determine the extent of damages from disasters Profiling and archiving of cultural and natural heritage sites Target Applications Assists in determining the locations of images captured using the HPT and SMI (217) 7/13/217 Gonzalez 37 9

38 Local initiatives: Davao City

Davao City Flooding in 211 Total Estimate Cost

Casualties: 3 Individuals Reported Missing: 1

39 Davao City Flooding in 211 Total Estimate Cost of Damage: PHP 11,,. (infrastructure, private properties) Total Individuals Affected: 14,726 families Total Casualties: 3 Individuals Reported Missing: 1 Individual Other immediate problems: WASH, Food Security, Health and Safety, Shelter

Master Plan Ordinance on Rainwater harvesting Customized IWRM manual

40 Local Initiatives Central 911 and Public Safety Command Center Acquisition and upgrading of early warning facilities Davao River Basin Master Plan Ordinance on Rainwater harvesting Customized IWRM manual Waste water management system (Vertical helophyte system) Plan for Waste to energy projects

Adoption of IWRM Davao Water Partnership

41 Local Initiatives Participation in the workshop prior the National Water Security Summit Water management Council and the Water Code Sewerage and septage project Adoption of IWRM Davao Water Partnership Action Plan Demonstration site for sustainability science

Furthering Knowledge thru Research Title Lead Researchers/Partners Key Findings Microclimate in Davao City Van Larenstein Hall University, DOST XI, HELP Davao Network Urbanization results to Davao

implementation of standards and procedures for water safety in the Philippines Van Larenstein Hall University, DOST XI, HELP Davao Network DOST XI, HELP Davao Network, UIC Need for improvement in

42 Furthering Knowledge thru Research Title Lead Researchers/Partners Key Findings Microclimate in Davao City Van Larenstein Hall University, DOST XI, HELP Davao Network Urbanization results to Davao City as Heat Island (increased temperature);need for additional weather stations; and Need for improved data sharing and management Tides and Floods and Davao City Assessment of the extent of implementation of standards and procedures for water safety in the Philippines Van Larenstein Hall University, DOST XI, HELP Davao Network DOST XI, HELP Davao Network, UIC Need for improvement in drainage systems and flood control infrastructures; Need for improved reporting/recording of flood incidences Low level of implementation of water safety plans among drinking water providers ;Quality of drinking water in certain areas do not comply with the PNDSW of 27; Need for development of a comprehensive advocacy, partnership and networking strategy to enforce PNSDW 27 Assessment of the water situation and the safety of wastewater and sanitation in selected parts of Davao City Oulo University, DOST XI, HELP Davao Network Domestic and industrial waste management practices affect the level of contamination of the wastewater of the locations; There is need for reinforcement of the laws on waste management should be strengthened; Conversion from waste to energy is highly needed

43 For submission to the City Council (after an initial presentation with the Executive Branch)

Furthering Understanding thru Consultations Series of Consultation and Planning Session among a Full Spectrum of Stakeholders in Davao Region for the Development

(BIMP-EAGA Summit, October 214) : food, agriculture and fisheries; domestic and industrial use; energy; climate change and hydro hazards; special concerns of

44 Furthering Understanding thru Consultations Series of Consultation and Planning Session among a Full Spectrum of Stakeholders in Davao Region for the Development of Customized IWRM Guideline and Davao Water Action Plan (21, 211) Mindanao-wide consultation on priority issues and conflicts in water use and management (BIMP-EAGA Summit, October 214) : food, agriculture and fisheries; domestic and industrial use; energy; climate change and hydro hazards; special concerns of Indigenous communities, women and youth Consultation with Local Government Units and key stakeholders on demonstrating disaster resilience of urban water system in Davao City (216)

Furthering local capacities thru Capability Building BIMP-EAGA IWRM Forum

and LGUs and distribution of the Customized IWRM Guidelines for Davao

build community resilience, safeguards agricultural livelihoods and

45 Furthering local capacities thru Capability Building BIMP-EAGA IWRM Forum for Peace and Development (October, 214) Localized IWRM Training for RBOs and LGUs and distribution of the Customized IWRM Guidelines for Davao Region (June, 215) Fellowship Program on Disaster Risk Reduction that build community resilience, safeguards agricultural livelihoods and reduces disaster recovery costs (2 fellows/water leaders from all over Mindanao, October, 215)

UNESCO funded Amelioration of Learning Center in Barangay 1-A A partnership among HELP Davao Network, DOST

Indigenous materials abundant in the area Envisioned to become adaptive to the possibility of possible

It will be open for multi-sector usage by most vulnerable families and individuals in the community, to

46 UNESCO funded Amelioration of Learning Center in Barangay 1-A A partnership among HELP Davao Network, DOST XI, Davao City Council (City ENRO), Davao River Initiatives, and UNESCO Rehabilitated using Local Indigenous materials abundant in the area Envisioned to become adaptive to the possibility of possible future flooding. It will be open for multi-sector usage by most vulnerable families and individuals in the community, to include children, women and the elderly. It will also become the community s disaster preparedness hub, and shall serve as the demonstration site for community resilience to water-related disasters and climate change.

47 UNESCO funded project on Amelioration of Learning Center in Barangay 1-A BEFORE AFTER

48 Challenges Pollution Population Groundwater extraction Saline intrusion Political boundaries Sustainability of projects Maintenance of the EWS Pilferage Conformance to the Building code Commitment from Local government units Evacuation centers

49 Private industry National government NGO/POs Local government units Academe

50 Salamat po

"Inclusive approach through good practices on

3 rd ASIA PACIFIC WATER SUMMIT 11-12 December 2017 / Yangon, Myanmar "Inclusive approach through good practices on Science and Technology water governance and IWRM: Experience of Davao River Basin, Philippines