Energy $avings$ Opportunities. For North Carolina Businesses and Institutions

Transcription

1 Energy $avings$ Opportunities For North Carolina Businesses and Institutions

2 What can I do now to curb rising utility costs? How can I better control utility costs in the future?

3 Energy $avings$ Workshops AGENDA No Cost Opportunities Break Low Cost Opportunities Break Capital Cost Opportunities Wrap-up

4 Energy Supply - Cost Outlook Natural Gas Prices - NC Sep-05 $/1000 CF Natural Gas, Commercial Natural Gas, Industrial Source: EIA

5 Energy Supply Cost Outlook Fuel Oil and Propane Prices 300 cents/gallon Jan-03 May-03 Sep-03 Jan-04 May-04 Sep-04 Jan-05 May-05 Sep-05 Propane - Residential Fuel Oil, Residential Source: EIA

6 Energy Supply - Cost Outlook NC Electricity Prices cents/kwh Electricity, Commercial Electricity, Industrial Source: EIA

7 Getting Started: Energy Conservation Initiatives Find a leader Get all persons involved within the organization to participate and cooperate Identify the opportunities Implementation no cost (behaviors, policy and awareness) low cost (operations & maintenance) capital projects Measurement & Verification

8 Building Schedules Affect all categories of energy use Create longer periods of unoccupied time Optimize the use of facilities You may be keeping an entire building conditioned to use one room

9 HVAC No Cost Opportunities Adjust your thermostat 70 deg max winter 76 deg min summer Why? For a business 1 deg = 3% savings Remove obstructions to radiators, air diffusers, air intakes Remove heat sources from underneath thermostats During unoccupied times lower temp in winter raise temp in summer Boilers Reduce hot water temperature Lower steam pressure

10 Temperature Set-backs During unoccupied times One of the greatest energy savings potential in commercial buildings Conduct set-backs manually or Programmable 7-day Thermostats ($50-$200, manual override, locking) Proper use of Energy Managements Systems or Building Automation System (BAS) Winter Set-back Temperature saving; Asheville Climate Example Typical % savings 60 F 55 F 50 F 10% 20% 30%

11 Lighting No Cost Opportunities When you leave the room TURN THEM OFF Optimize use of day lighting Reduce lighting Make use of dual switching Outdoor Lighting Decorative lighting is it worth the price? Vending Machines Have your distributor disconnect the lights

12 Equipment No Cost Opportunities Office equipment When finished TURN IT OFF If available enable sleep mode on all equipment Computer power save mode Energy Star power management for computers and monitors Kitchens TURN IT OFF when finished Turn off unneeded sections unneeded sections (i.e. broilers, griddles, etc. Position equipment properly Avoid excessive pre-heating Full loads only

13 Equipment (cont.) No Cost Opportunities Refrigerators Do you need it? Consolidate? Load properly Keep the door shut Check the Temperature settings Freezers (-14( to -8 F), Refrig (35-38 F) Position properly Clean the cooling coils Check the door seals Replacing a warped refrigerator gasket can save $50 per year.

14 Equipment (cont.) No Cost Opportunities Air Compressors TURN IT OFF when not in use Lower operating pressures (2 psi reduction saves 1%) Consider the right application

15 Hot Water No Cost Opportunities Reduce hot water heater temperature to 120 F if allowable Turn heat off at hand washing stations Turn off recirculation pumps

16 Buildings Miscellaneous No Cost Opportunities Keep doors closed Keep windows closed Involve security and janitorial staff in your TURN IT OFF campaign Water TURN IT OFF when not in use Do not leave hoses under pressure when not in use Water is not a broom

17 Vehicle Use and Fuel Savings TURN IT OFF reduce or eliminate idle time Reduce aggressive driving. Avoid high speeds. Maximize use of most efficient vehicles in your fleet Car pool and task pool Become involved in Clean Cities programs Maintain vehicle properly fueleconomy.gov

18 Utility Accounting Track consumption as well as cost Know the vocabulary kwh = total electricity used in billing period kw = greatest 15 minute use in period BTU = British Thermal Unit Therm = 100,000 BTU s Dekatherm (Dt) = 1,000,000 BTU s CCF = Hundreds of cubic feet = 1 Therm MCF = Thousands of cubic feet

19 Fuel Cost Comparison NC Commercial Averages Electricity: $0.069/kWh Natural gas $1.50/therm Propane $1.60 / gallon #2 Fuel Oil $1.94/gallon Unit Energy Comparisons Electric Strip Heat: $19/MMbtu Heat Pump: $6.33/MMbtu NG Furnace: $15.00/MMbtu Propane Furnace $20.46/MMbtu #2 Oil Furnace: $15.85/MMbtu

20 Utility Rate Analysis No capital investment required Do you understand how you are billed? Many rate schedules Are you on the best rate schedule? When to check? Who to work with? Can you change operations to provide quick savings? NC State Agencies are saving $650,000 annually through energy rate reviews

21 Utility Accounting Easy ways to track bills & Use Go on line to view Account information Energy Usage Energy analysis Benchmark your Energy Usage Tools

22 Energy Links State Energy Office DPPEA Progress Energy Duke Energy Dominion North Carolina Power ElectriCities Co-ops PSNC Piedmont NG

23 Getting Started: Energy Conservation Initiatives Find a leader Get all persons involved with organization to participate and cooperate Identify the opportunities Implementation no cost (behaviors, policy and awareness) low cost (operations & maintenance) Capital projects Measurement & Verification

24 Life Cycle Costing The cheapest initial cost may be the most expensive choice To calculate: purchase price + lifetime maintenance cost + lifetime operating cost (including energy) = total cost total cost of all Compare total cost of all products being considered.

25 HVAC Low Cost Opportunities Programmable 7-day 7 thermostats Special units for Heat Pumps Remember 1 degree = 3% savings Thermostat location Replace air filters regularly Clean heat-transfer transfer coils in heat pumps, air conditioners and chillers Inspect ducts for leaks and missing insulation Balance air flow in ducts to prevent cold spots in building

26 HVAC (cont) Low Cost Opportunities HVAC controls tune-up up Boiler tune-up up Survey steam traps for proper function Repair traps as needed Radiator thermostat controls Clean strainers/filters upstream of traps Up to 5% savings for keeping steam system maintained

27 Lighting Low Cost Opportunities Lighting Power Density Building Categories foot candles watts per sf Offices Classroom Bank Lobbies Garage Repair Area Bathroom, Stairwells Library Study Area

28 Lighting Low Cost Opportunities Clean fixtures and bulbs periodically De-lamp Lower room light levels and use task lighting CFL (compact fluorescent lamp) Occupancy sensors Replace EXIT signs with LED s Replace T-12 T with T-8 T 8 lamps T8 lamps offer better performance, more selection, less heat, & elimination of hum Replace incandescent lamps with CFL

29 Self-ballasted CFLs Self Ballasted Compact Fluorescents- not to scale T3&T4 Spiral T3&T4 Triple&Quad Medium & Candelabra Base Candles T3-Aline T4-Aline Globe OutdoorPost -top R30 R40

30 Incandescent vs. CFL Cost Comparison Incandescent CFL Watts Rated Life 750 hours 10,000 hours No. Bulb per 10K hours 13 1 kwh over 10K hours 1, Cost per kwh $0.08 $0.08 Operating Cost over 10K hours $80.00 $21.60 Cost per Bulb $0.50 $1.50 Bulb Cost over 10K hours $6.50 $1.50 Life Cycle Cost $86.50 $23.10 Net Savings over 10,000 hours: $63.40

31 Equipment Low Cost Opportunities Office equipment Specify Energy Star equipment for new purchases Flat panel computer monitors Energy saving sensors on vending machines Vendor Requirement in new contracts Using Energy Star office equipment saves about $50 per employee per year.

32 Kitchens Equipment (cont) Low Cost Opportunities Replace warped refrigerator seals Low flow pre-rinse rinse sprayer (1.6 gpm) Hours of Spray Valve Usage Water Savings gallons/day Waste Water Savings gallons/day Gas Savings therms/ day Annual Dollar Savings 2 hours/day 100 gallons 100 gallons 0.7 therms $400 - $500 4 hours/day 200 gallons 200 gallons 1.3 therms $800 - $1,000 6 hours/day 300 gallons 300 gallons 2.0 therms $1,200 - $1,500

33 Equipment (cont) Low Cost Opportunities Air compressors Fix the leaks (a 1/16 leak wastes $667/year) Use the right nozzles Adequate ventilation in compressor room Use outside make-up air (save 5-7%) 5

34 Hot Water Low Cost Opportunities Place timer on electric hot water heater When it fails, replace gas, tank style hot water heater with on demand hot water heater Install pipe insulation

35 Buildings Miscellaneous Low Cost Opportunities Insulation Opportunities Walls Ceilings Floors Weather Stripping Doors Windows Gaskets for electrical wall plates on outside walls

36 Water Miscellaneous (cont) Low Cost Opportunities Showerheads (1.5 gallons per minute, gpm) Sink aerators (0.5 gpm) Repair leaks

37 Don t pay sewer charges on water you don t discharge Water/sewer bills typically based on water use Some water/sewer authorities will reimburse you for water not discharged If you have cooling towers, irrigation systems, or use significant water in your products, ask your water authority if option is available Typically requires a sub- meter.

38 Vehicles Miscellaneous (cont) Low Cost Opportunities Purchase most economical vehicle for task If available purchase flex fuel vehicles Look at hybrids

39 Getting Started: Energy Conservation Initiatives Find a leader Get all persons involved with organization to participate and cooperate Identify the opportunities Implementation no cost (behaviors, policy and awareness) low cost (operations & maintenance) Capital projects Measurement & Verification Financing Options for capital projects

40 Capital Projects Audits Available from a variety of sources Audit should be conducted based on energy use Financial opportunities Performance contracting SEO loan program DSIRE Web site Federal and state tax incentives

41 HVAC Capital Projects (cont) Right size all equipment Ground source heat pumps Variable speed drives Fuel use flexibility Alternate fuel boilers Install building automation system Boiler economizer Thermal storage

42 Lighting Capital Projects (cont) Complete building re-lamp Put lighting on building automation system Side benefit reduces HVAC load LED traffic signals Equipment Motors Make vendors do life cycle cost analysis on major equipment purchases Waste heat recovery

43 Hot water Capital Projects (cont) Solar hot water system Waste heat recovery Buildings Insulate un-insulated areas Reflective light-colored roof Building automation system

44 Water Capital Projects (cont) Cooling towers Irrigation Rain water catchments Miscellaneous Peak shaving generators Co-generation Photovoltaic Wind

45 A Quick Energy Quiz 1. It s better to turn off my lights every time I leave my office than to just turn them off at the end of the day. True/ False 2. It takes more energy to set my thermostat lower at night in the winter than it does to keep it at the same temperature all day and night True/ False 3. It takes more energy to power down my monitor during the day using available software, than to leave it on all day. True/ False 4. Fluorescent lights consume (circle one) 1/10 1/4 1/2 the energy of a regular incandescent light bulb, and last (circle one) 2 times 10 times 15 times as long. 5. A space heater costs (circle one) $20 $50 $100 a year for electricity.

46 Possibilities We are all faced with magnificent opportunities, brilliantly disguised as impossible situations. Charles Swindoll

47 Resource Providers State Energy Office Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance Waste Reduction Partners NCSU Industrial Extension Service NCSU Industrial Assessment Center Advanced Energy

48 Resource Providers NC Solar Center Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy Energy Star Home Page Energy Star Training Page net_presentations Energy Star Computer Power Management wer_management The Food Service Technology Center US Department Of Energy (for vehicles)

49 Resource Providers DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy home page DOE Comcheck Software download DOE Best Practices (MotorMaster( download) Institute of Textile Technology (Service Listings) Los Angeles County wastewater digester gas to energy

50 Where do you use the most energy? Typical Office Hot Water 9% Equipment 15% Misc Use 5% Food Prep 2% HVAC 40% Lighting 29% Source: Handbook of Energy Engineering, EIA, and NREL