Modelling landscape opportunities, multiple benefits and impacts
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- Donna Rosalind Allen
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1 In partnership with: Modelling landscape opportunities, multiple benefits and impacts Iain Craigen and Charlotte Beattie
2 Natural Flood Management and Working With Natural Processes There is a growing evidence base for applying Natural Flood Management (NFM) measures to manage flood risk NFM and Working With Natural Processes (WWNP) include storing water, increasing soil infiltration, slowing water and reducing flow connectivity to reduce flooding impacts Measures include: Upland mire restoration, built water storage, river restoration, revised land management, woodland creation, sediment management and more qgis2web OpenStreetMap contributors,cc-by-sa
3 Overview Strategic catchment (rainfall-runoff) flood modelling across SW Peak District Based on the updated Flood Map for Surface Water (ufmfsw) Identifying Working With Natural Processes (WWNP) opportunities JBA Runoff Attenuation Feature Finder (JRAFF) Simulating opportunities and analysing impact on the flood hydrograph Monitor peak flow attenuation throughout catchment Interactive mapping Colour theming by potential for storage and attenuation Highlighting other constraints to identified opportunities Weighing up opportunities against potential downstream impacts / benefits
4 Introduction Project aim to investigate strategic potential for Working With Natural Processes (WWNP) at catchment scale Development of catchment rainfall-runoff model across South West Peak District comprising drainage from 17 catchments across an area of 350km 2 Simulation of runoff attenuation features and Woodlands for Water opportunities Simulations monitored across over 70 sub-catchments within study area with primary focus on headwater subcatchments
5 Methodology Based around the ufmfsw national surface water flood risk methodology JRAFF tool to data-mine model outputs to identify natural depressions or Woodlands for Water opportunities Classify these as an opportunity for enhancement Evaluate potential to slow the flow or attenuate Visualise the benefits interactive maps Prepare 2m Digital Terrain Model ensuring downstream connectivity Apply rainfall design storm profiles for 10 & 30 year Return Periods, use ReFH losses model Run JFLOW 2D overland flow model and record peak depths and hydrographs Use JRAFF to identify locations of stored water or Woodlands for Water and enhance the storage before re-running Analyse changes in peak flows assuming uptake of all storage or tree planting Visualise using interactive maps allowing user to change layers / view constraints
6 Whole catchment JFLOW + ReFH losses model Fully distributed 2m resolution
7 Methodology Identification and application of runoff attenuation features Natural depressions (100-5,000m 2 ) identified from surface water flood risk map (shallow depths filtered out) Opportunities filtered out by a number of constraints (urban areas, buildings and roads) Runoff attenuation features excavated or bunded into existing Digital Terrain Model (DTM) by up to 1m additional depth
8 Methodology Application of Woodlands for Water features Woodlands for Water comprises a range of target areas (riparian and floodplain zones) Dataset filtered by a range of constraints (urban areas, inland water, deep peat and existing forestry) Applied to model through increases in surface roughness coefficients Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right 2016 Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Environment Agency, Floodplain Woodlands for Water opportunities Riparian Woodlands for Water opportunities
9 Model results, impact on hydrograph: Monitoring catchments - peak flow reduction from adding additional storage
10 Model results, impact on hydrograph: Monitoring catchments hydrograph attenuation from Woodlands for Water
11 30-year return period predicted percentage peak flow reduction within headwater sub-catchments
12 30-year return period predicted catchment opportunity storage (m 3 )
13 Runoff attenuation features/storage opportunities or woodlands for water opportunities toggled within each sub-catchment Overlaid with additional toggled constraints including environmental designations and ancient woodland
14 Opportunities for upstream storage considering potential downstream communities impacted
15 SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS
16 Summary and recommendations Strategic analysis of NFM/WWNP opportunities and impacts on catchment hydrographs across South West Peak District. Demonstrates an approach to complement other risk management measures, currently assumes a complete adoption of all features Need detailed examination and engagement with local stakeholders to provide additional constraints prior to design stage Need combining with ecosystem services to complete analysis of best sustainable opportunities and understand additional environmental benefit Refined opportunities recommended to be simulated within calibrated rainfall-runoff model to improve understanding of confluence interactions and investigate flood risk impacts and potential benefits
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