Bioenergy Australia.

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2 Bioenergy Australia A government-industry-research information and networking forum set up in Creating an awareness and understanding of biomass as a sustainable resource for energy and bio-products. ~ 50 member organisations Government (Fed and States) Research Fuel Producers and Suppliers Project Developers Forestry and Agricultural organisations Waste Management Consultancies Industry Bodies (APL and AFPA).

3 ARENA Measure: Knowledge Sharing and Promoting Australia s Participation in IEA Bioenergy Tasks The project focusses on the co-ordination and promotion of Australia s participation in five IEA Bioenergy Tasks. Task 37 Energy from Biogas Task 38 Climate Change Effects of Biomass & Bioenergy Systems Task 39 Commercialising Liquid Biofuels from Biomass Task 42 Biorefining in a Future Bioeconomy Task 43 Biomass Feedstocks for Energy Markets.

4 Global production in TWh bioelectricity 94 billion liters bioethanol 29.7 billion liters biodiesel

5 Bioenergy Power Stations in Australia Black Liquor 2 Agricultural Waste and Food Waste 14 Wood Waste 16 (Clean Energy Council 2013) Sewage gas and biomass-based components of MSW 19 Bagasse 27 (Clean Energy Council 2013) Landfill Gas 61 (Clean Energy Council 2013) (Clean Energy Council 2013)

6 Bioenergy sector already involved in the RET There are around 145 (from a total of ~440) accredited renewable energy power stations from the bioenergy sector: Fuel Source Number of accredited power stations Capacity in megawatts Black liquor 2 84 Wood waste Bagasse Landfill gas Sewage gas and biomass-based components of municipal solid waste Agricultural waste and food waste Total

7 Development of Stationary Bioenergy Technologies Basic & applied R&D Demonstration Early commercial Commercial Biomass densification Torrefaction Pyrolysis Pelletization Biomass to heat Gasification Combustion (in boilers & stoves) Combustion ORC, Stirling Engine Steam cycle Gasification IGFC IGCC, IGGT Gasification + Steam Cycle Co-firing Indirect co-firing Parallel co-firing Direct co-firing Anaerobic Digestion Microbial fuel cells 2-stage AD 1-stage AD

8 Wood Pellets

9 Wood Pellet District Heating Plant in Sweden Bioenergy Australia

10 Wood Chip Boilers for Heat

11 Visy Bubbling Fluidised Bed Combustor Cogeneration plant at Coolaroo (BEA 12 conference tour)

12 270 kwe ORC at Gympie Timber BEA11 conference tour Bioenergy Australia

13 Alhomens Kraft 550 MWth, 240 MWe CFBC plant Slash bundles part of fuel supply source: Timberjack

14 Multi-fuel Unit AVEDØRE 2 CHP Plant 10 km south of Copenhagen Opened 2002; 510 MW e and 565 MW th USC boiler 310 bar Multifuel capability: straw, wood pellets, natural gas, oil and coal Separate straw boiler 40 MW e and 50 MW th. Straw 200,000 t/a 300,000 tonnes/a wood pellets. Pellet factory at nearby Køge. Also pellet supply from Sweden Efficiency up to 94%

15 Pyrolysis Bio-oil Dark brown mobile liquid Combustible Not miscible with hydrocarbons Heating value ~ 17 MJ/kg (60%v diesel) Density ~ 1.2 kg/l Acidic, ph ~ 2.5 Pungent odour Unstable - viscosity increases with time

16 Bio-oil applications

17 Bioheat No RET type scheme in Australia Applications have still gone ahead steam in sugar mills thermal oil in plywood factories steam for processing food kiln drying of lumber at saw mills steam at pulp and paper facilities. Firewood for domestic and commercial space and water heating.

18 SA Pine displacement of LPG. BEA14 conference tour.

19 Austral Bricks fuel sawdust producing green bricks near Longford, Tasmania BEA15 tour

20 Advanced Biofuels Two Main Technology Platforms Biochemical: conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to sugars and fermentation to alcohol fuels Thermochemical: gasification to syngas and synthesis to fuels. Advanced biofuels aim to reduce costs, broaden range of feedstocks and hence allow increase in scale. Bioenergy Australia

21 KiOR wood to fuel plant in Mississipi Enerkem MSW to Ethanol Plant in Alberta Canada under construction Examples of Advanced Biofuels Developments Beta Renewables Ethanol Plant in Crescentino, Italy

22 Abengoa Hugoton, Kansas Cellulosic plant DuPont Cellulosic Ethanol LLC, Nevada Idaho 113 million litres per year, mixed feedstocks

23 Some Barriers to Bioenergy Implementation Low cost of fossil fuel (coals for electricity, oil for transport) Better recognition of bioenergy by policy makers and shapers at intersection of several policy areas Concerns about using native forest biomass for fuel. Broader sustainability issues e.g. food vs. fuel and water Economics of fuel procurement. Lack of bioheat incentives Need long term regulatory stability for projects with a life greater than 25 years.

24 Major 345 page report available as a free download from BA web site. BIOENERGY IN AUSTRALIA Status and Opportunities by Colin Stucley, Stephen Schuck, Ralph Sims, James Bland, Belinda Marino, Michael Borowitzka, Amir Abadi, John Bartle, Richard Giles, Quenten Thomas

25 Topics Biomass supply - Algae & future feedstocks - Liquid biofuels - Biochar - Sustainability Biorefining & biochemical - Pyrolysis & gasification - Heat & power Energy from waste Biogas - Bioenergy policies, finance, investment & markets - Life cycle assessments delegates, 100+ presentations IEA Bioenergy participation ExCo Task Leaders 2 Tasks will be meeting in conjunction with conference. Trade show plus technical tour Expressions of Interest to give presentations, posters, exhibit or sponsor are now open:

26 Dr Stephen Schuck Bioenergy Australia Manager Tel/Fax: (02)