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1 Copyright 2016 American Water Works Association 2016 Webinar Sponsors 2 Please consider the environment before printing. 1

2 Webinar Moderator Jennifer Santini No Image Available Staff Engineer American Water Works Association Jennifer Santini is a Staff Engineer with the American Water Works Association. Her responsibilities include supporting the Divisions and Committees of the Technical and Educational Council, managing various Technical Resources Committee and AWWA Research projects, as well as the AWWA Innovation Initiative. She draws on her utility experience from Denver Water and the City of Longmont where she provided engineering technical support for a variety of distribution system, and water and wastewater projects. She received a B.S. in Environmental Engineering from the University of Colorado at Boulder and has multiple certifications including State of Colorado EIT (Engineer in Training), Certified Class 2 Distribution Operator, Certified Class C Water Operator, and Certified Class D Wastewater Operator. 3 Enhance Your Webinar Experience Close Programs Instant messengers Other programs not in use GoToWebinar Support 4 Please consider the environment before printing. 2

3 Webinar Survey Immediately upon closing the webinar Survey window opens Thank you 5 Products or Services The mention of specific products or services in this webinar does not represent AWWA endorsement AWWA does not endorse or approve products or services 6 Please consider the environment before printing. 3

4 Panel of Experts Steve Cavanaugh, P.E. President/CEO - Cavanaugh AWWA WLCC Outreach Chair Alan Wyatt Senior Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist RTI International Dan Strub Conservation Program Coordinator Austin Water 7 Agenda I. New Developments in Water Loss Regulation & Policy II. Strategic Business Planning for Water Loss Reduction and Control III. Using Industry Tools to Manage Water Loss Steve Cavanaugh Alan Wyatt Dan Strub 8 Please consider the environment before printing. 4

5 Ask the Experts Steve Cavanaugh Alan Wyatt Dan Strub Enter your question into the question pane at the lower right hand side of the screen. Please include your name and specify to whom you are addressing the question. 9 New Developments in Water Loss Regulation & Policy Steve Cavanaugh, P.E. President/CEO - Cavanaugh AWWA WLCC Outreach Chair 10 Please consider the environment before printing. 5

6 Rationale Implementing Water Loss Control industry best practices can enhance a Utility s efficiency in terms of volume and value of recovered loss Supply Side Conservation is as important as Demand Conservation 11 Learning Objectives Drivers for Water Loss Control Why States are changing reporting requirements Brief overview of the tools available 12 Please consider the environment before printing. 6

7 Agenda Drivers States embracing AWWA Best Practices Overview of the Water Balance Why % UFW was abandoned in V s Volume, Value and Validity AWWA tools 13 Quiz According to the AWWA M36 Water Audit Method, an acceptable level of Unaccounted For Water is: A.15% B.5% C.0% D.10% 14 Please consider the environment before printing. 7

8 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13 1Q14 2Q14 3Q14 4Q14 1Q15 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 2Q16 3Q16 4Q AWWA Water Loss Control - Quarterly Webpage Views Please consider the environment before printing. 8

9 Please consider the environment before printing. 9

10 Monthly, Unadjusted Rolling Average 10 MGD = $1.6 M / yr 19 Impact on Bond Ratings #48 Enterprise Risk Profile Assessment Factors (Table 10) * final review, expected publication December Please consider the environment before printing. 10

11 21 22 Please consider the environment before printing. 11

12 Landscape of Varying Levels of Water Loss Management Policy 23 On the Horizon WA ME OR NV CA ID UT AZ MT WY CO NM ND SD NE KS OK MN IA MO AR WI IL MS NH NY MI PA MD OH IN WV VA KY NC TN SC AL GA CT RI NJ DE MA AK TX LA FL HI 24 Please consider the environment before printing. 12

13 On the Horizon WA ME OR NV CA ID UT AZ MT WY CO NM ND SD NE KS OK MN IA MO AR WI IL MS NH NY MI PA MD OH IN WV VA KY NC TN SC AL GA CT RI NJ DE MA AK TX LA FL HI 25 IWA/AWWA Standard Water Balance Own Sources Water Imported Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Water Exported Water Supplied Authorized Consumption Water Losses Billed Authorized Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Apparent Losses Real Losses Revenue Water Non- Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Unauthorized Consumption Customer Metering Inaccuracies Systematic Data Handling Errors Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines Leakage & Overflows at Storage 26 Please consider the environment before printing. 13

14 IWA/AWWA Standard Water Balance Own Sources Water Imported Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Water Exported Water Supplied Authorized Consumption Water Losses Billed Authorized Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Apparent Losses Real Losses Revenue Water Non- Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Unauthorized Consumption Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage 27 Unbilled Authorized Consumption Apparent Losses Non- Revenue Water Real Losses 28 Please consider the environment before printing. 14

15 Fire Dept Usage Operational Flushing Tools for control include efficient flushing practices and awareness campaigns Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non-physical / revenue loss - slow meters, billing issues and theft Cost impacts at retail rate. Tools for control include data management, quality control policies/practices, & meter testing & repair Apparent Losses Non- Revenue Water Physical loss - leakage Cost impacts at wholesale rate Tools for control include leakage and pressure management Real Losses 29 Quiz According to the AWWA M36 Water Audit Method, an acceptable level of Unaccounted For Water is: A.15% B. 5% C. 0% D.10% 30 Please consider the environment before printing. 15

16 Quiz According to the AWWA M36 Water Audit Method, an acceptable level of Unaccounted For Water is: A.15% B. 5% C. 0% D.10% 31 Unaccounted For Water Unaccounted For Water Percentage 2003 Inconsistent use and interpretation Unreliable indicator of performance Fails to segregate loss into its components for effective management 32 Please consider the environment before printing. 16

17 MGD MGD Water Loss as a Percentage of Supply is not an Indicator of Performance Water Supplied (MGD) Authorized Consumption (MGD) Water Loss (MGD) Development Boom Great Recession, Rate Increases, Conservation New Normal Water Loss as a Percentage of Supply is not an Indicator of Performance Water Supplied (MGD) Authorized Consumption (MGD) Water Loss (MGD) Water Loss (Percent of Supply) 28% 26% 24% 22% 20% 18% 16% 14% 5 12% 0 10% 34 Please consider the environment before printing. 17

18 Simplicity Everything should be made as simple as possible, but no simpler. -Albert Einstein For every complex problem, there is a solution which is simple, neat, and wrong. -H.L. Mencken 35 3-V Volume MG per Year Gal/connection/d ay Leakage Index Value $ per Year Economic Loss Index Validity Water Audit Data Validity Score 95% Confidence Limits Key Data Input Grades 36 Please consider the environment before printing. 18

19 Volume (MG/Yr) Cost $ 37 ort ity for: District Northern ( ) San Leandro Combined Water Sewer Storm Utility District ( ) g Year: 2013 Show 1/2013 me the - VOLUME 12/2013 of Non-Revenue Water Show me the VOLUME of Non-Revenue Water Score: 60 Show me the COST of Non-Revenue Water Show me the COST of Non-Revenue Water Total Volume of NRW = 75 MG/Yr Total Cost of NRW =$116, Volume 90,000 80,000 Value 35 70, , , , , , ,000 ported 0 Water Exported Unbilled metered (valued at Var. Prod. Water Cost) Exported 0 Unbilled metered (valued at Var. Prod. Cost) ed Consumption sses r Unbilled Billed unmetered Auth. Cons. (valued at Var. Prod. Cost) Revenue Water Unauth. consumption Unbilled Auth. Cons. Cust. metering inaccuracies Non Revenue Water Syst. data Apparent handling Losses errors Real Losses Real Losses (valued at Var. Prod. Cost) Unbilled unmetered (valued at Var. Prod. Cost) Unauth. consumption Cust. metering inaccuracies Syst. data handling errors Real Losses (valued at Var. Prod. Cost) 38 Please consider the environment before printing. 19

20 39 Statewide Water Loss Management Program Model Implementation Phase 1 Establish Annual M36 Water Auditing Phase 2 Phase 3 Achieve Minimum Standard of Audit Reliability Manage Water Loss Performance for Long- Term Reduction Auditing Outreach Training & Tech Asst Establish annual M36 Water Auditing for all utilities Educate Regulatory Community on M36 Method and appropriate use of performance indicators Establish Statewide Water Loss Control Committee Develop State Manual and Training Framework Provide extended, progressive training to utilities (funded) Data Management Develop and implement data management system Establish posting system and communication protocols Establish minimum standards of validation for quality assurance Determine by Agency or 3 Validation rd Party Establish validation program until certification program is in place Design and implement a Certified Water Audit program for sustained quality control Certification Statewide Water Loss Control Committee provides support Benchmarking Improvement Suite of Performance and Process Measures System specific improvement over time in a cost-effective manner No universal targets Excessive thresholds established Annual audit submission threshold exceedances System specific progress review at designated regulatory touchpoints Statewide Water Loss Statewide Data Validity Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Resource Management Grade C Resource Management Grade B Please consider the environment before printing. 20

21 M36: Water Audits and Loss Control Programs AWWA Free Water Audit Software AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Reporting Worksheet WAS v5.0 American Water Works Association. Copyright 2014, All Rights Reserved.? Click to access definition + Click to add a comment Water Audit Report for: Northern San Leandro Combined Water Sewer Storm Utility District ( ) Reporting Year: / /2013 Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailableplease estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it. Master Meter Error Adjustments WATER SUPPLIED < Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' > Pcnt: Value: Volume from own sources: +? 5 1, MG/Yr +? 1 MG/Yr Water imported: MG/Yr MG/Yr +? +? Water exported: MG/Yr 9 MG/Yr +? +? Enter negative % or value for under-registration WATER SUPPLIED: MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration. AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION Click here:? option Billed metered: MG/Yr +? for help using buttons below Billed unmetered: MG/Yr +?? Unbilled metered: MG/Yr Pcnt: Value: Unbilled unmetered: +? MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed Use buttons to select AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: MG/Yr? percentage of water supplied OR value WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) MG/Yr Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value: 0.25% Unauthorized consumption: +? MG/Yr MG/Yr Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value Customer metering inaccuracies: +? MG/Yr 1.00% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: +? MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr Apparent Losses:? MG/Yr Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL) Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses:? MG/Yr WATER LOSSES: MG/Yr NON-REVENUE WATER NON-REVENUE WATER:? MG/Yr = Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered SYSTEM DATA Length of mains: +? miles Number of active AND inactive service connections: +? 6 1,000 Service connection density:? 10 conn./mile main Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? Yes (length beyond the property of service line, Average length of customer service line: ft +? boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility) Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Average operating pressure: +? psi Industry Standard (M36) Free Defaults provided ~10 Volume Inputs ~7 System Data Inputs COST DATA Total annual cost of operating water system: +? 5 $1,000,000 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): +? 7 $3.50 $/1000 gallons (US) Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): +? 7 $3, $/Million gallons Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE: awwa.org/waterlosscontrol Please consider the environment before printing. 21

22 WRF Project Review #4372 Effective Organization & Component Analysis of Utility Leakage Data PROJECT BASICS: Funded by the WaterRF and EPA freely available Model Release & Report Publishing in May 2014 PROJECT GOALS: Software model for component analysis of real losses Context for performance indicator results Accessibility and adoption PARTICIPATING UTILITIES: Eastern Municipal Water District Metro Water Services, Nashville TN Halifax Regional Water Commission City of Folsom Utilities Dept San Antonio Water System Lake Arrowhead Community Services District S. Central CT Regional Water Authority City of Phoenix Water Services Dept Austin Water Utility Water & Wastewater Authority of Wilson County 43 Component Analysis of Real Losses 44 Please consider the environment before printing. 22

23 Summary Supply Side Conservation makes business sense States are embracing AWWA best practices AWWA has tools available Part 2 will dive deeper into the tools 45 Ask the Experts Steve Cavanaugh Alan Wyatt Dan Strub Enter your question into the question pane at the lower right hand side of the screen. Please include your name and specify to whom you are addressing the question. 46 Please consider the environment before printing. 23

24 Strategic Business Planning for Water Loss Reduction and Control Alan Wyatt Senior Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist RTI International 47 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources 48 Please consider the environment before printing. 24

25 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? Droughts continue Water infrastructure is deteriorating - OPEX and CAPEX needed Declining water demand squeezes utility finances Regulations taking shape Guidance exists, but improvements and integration needed 49 Why NRW Strategic Planning? Ok, I ve done an Water Audit, so what s next? How do I make a business case for an improved water loss control program? 50 Please consider the environment before printing. 25

26 Key Issues in Planning Is my Audit Validity high enough to start planning? Do I focus on volumes or values? Which NRW components do I focus on? What should my objectives and targets be? Which indicators do I use? Do I have the skills and personnel in house? How do I justify the budget? How do I know if the program is working? How do I adjust my program to reach targets? 51 Output from the Water Audit Volumes Values 52 Please consider the environment before printing. 26

27 Why NRW Strategic Planning? This presentation provides information on progress of SBP, an AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Subcommittee working on planning guidance. Still lots of work to do 53 Wise Words from a Planner 54 Please consider the environment before printing. 27

28 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources Existing Water Loss Guidance AWWA M36 Water Audits and Water Loss Control Programs 1 st and 2 nd Editions (1991, 1999) Customer Meter Replacement Optimization (2005 to date) Mains Replacement Rehabilitation Manuals (2005 to date) Water Research Foundation (WRF): Evaluating Water Loss & Planning Loss Reduction Strategies (2007) Texas Water Development Audit Methodology and Assessment Tool (2008 / 2015) AWWA M36 Water Audits and Water Loss Control Programs 3 rd Edition (2009) International Water Association (IWA) NRW Target Matrix (2010) 56 Please consider the environment before printing. 28

29 Existing Guidance, Cont d AWWA Water Audit Software and Planning Guidance ( ) RTI Optimal NRW Tool Applied to USA (2012) WRF Component Analysis Tool (2014) AWWA M36 Water Audits and Water Loss Control Programs 4 th Edition (2016) Other international Guidelines and Tools (UK, Germany, Austria, France, Australia, New Zealand) WADI and other datasets on NRW Practices and NRW Performance 57 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Determining Water Loss Standing WAS v5.0 American Water Works Association. Copyright 2014, All Rights Reserved. Functional Focus Area Water Audit Report for: << Please enter system details and contact information on the Instructions tab >> Reporting Year: Data Validity Score: N/A* * Confirm Units and Data Grading are Complete Water Loss Control Planning Guide Water Audit Data Validity Level / Score Level I (0-25) Level II (26-50) Level III (51-70) Level IV (71-90) Level V (91-100) Audit Data Collection Launch auditing and loss control team; address production metering deficiencies Analyze business process for customer metering and billing functions and water supply operations. Identify data gaps. Establish/revise policies and procedures for data collection Refine data collection practices and establish as routine business process Annual water audit is a reliable gauge of year-to-year water efficiency standing Research information on leak detection programs. Begin Short-term loss control flowcharting analysis of customer billing system Conduct loss assessment investigations on a sample portion of the system: customer meter testing, leak survey, unauthorized consumption, etc. Establish ongoing mechanisms for customer meter accuracy testing, active leakage control and infrastructure monitoring Refine, enhance or expand ongoing programs based upon economic justification Stay abreast of improvements in metering, meter reading, billing, leakage management and infrastructure rehabilitation Begin to assess long-term needs requiring large expenditure: Begin to assemble economic Conduct detailed planning, Continue incremental customer meter replacement, business case for long-term budgeting and launch of improvements in short-term and Long-term loss control water main replacement needs based upon improved data comprehensive improvements for long-term loss control program, new customer billing becoming available through the metering, billing or infrastructure interventions system or Automatic Meter water audit process. management Reading (AMR) system. Target-setting Establish long-term apparent and real loss reduction goals (+10 year horizon) Establish mid-range (5 year horizon) apparent and real loss reduction goals Evaluate and refine loss control goals on a yearly basis Benchmarking Preliminary Comparisons - can Identify Best Practices/ Best in begin to rely upon the Performance Benchmarking - ILI class - the ILI is very reliable as a Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) is meaningful in comparing real real loss performance indicator for performance comparisons for loss standing for best in class service real losses (see below table) For validity scores of 50 or below, the shaded blocks should not be focus areas until better data validity is achieved. 58 Please consider the environment before printing. 29

30 Guidance from Audit Software AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Determining Water Loss Standing WAS v5.0 American Water Works Association. Copyright 2014, All Rights Reserved. Level III (51-70) Functional Focus Area Audit Data Collection Water Audit Report for: Reporting Year: Data Validity Score: Water Loss Control Planning Guide Water Audit Data Validity Level / Score Level I (0-25) Level II (26-50) Level III (51-70) Level IV (71-90) Level V (91-100) Launch auditing and loss control team; address production metering deficiencies Research information on leak detection programs. Begin Short-term loss control flowcharting analysis of customer billing system << Please enter system details and contact information on the Instructions tab >> N/A* * Confirm Units and Data Grading are Complete Analyze business process for customer metering and billing functions and water supply operations. Identify data gaps. Conduct loss assessment investigations on a sample portion of the system: customer meter testing, leak survey, unauthorized consumption, etc. Establish/revise policies and procedures for data collection Establish ongoing mechanisms for customer meter accuracy testing, active leakage control and infrastructure monitoring Refine data collection practices and establish as routine business process Refine, enhance or expand ongoing programs based upon economic justification Annual water audit is a reliable gauge of year-to-year water efficiency standing Stay abreast of improvements in metering, meter reading, billing, leakage management and infrastructure rehabilitation Establish/revise policies and procedures for data collection Establish ongoing mechanisms for customer meter accuracy testing, active leakage control and infrastructure monitoring Begin to assess long-term needs requiring large expenditure: Begin to assemble economic Conduct detailed planning, Continue incremental customer meter replacement, business case for long-term budgeting and launch of improvements in short-term and Long-term loss control water main replacement needs based upon improved data comprehensive improvements for long-term loss control Target-setting program, new customer billing system or Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system. becoming available through the water audit process. Establish long-term apparent and real loss reduction goals (+10 year horizon) metering, billing or infrastructure management Establish mid-range (5 year horizon) apparent and real loss reduction goals interventions Evaluate and refine loss control goals on a yearly basis Begin to assemble economic business case for long-term needs based upon improved data becoming available through the water audit process. Benchmarking Preliminary Comparisons - can Identify Best Practices/ Best in begin to rely upon the Performance Benchmarking - ILI class - the ILI is very reliable as a Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) is meaningful in comparing real real loss performance indicator for performance comparisons for loss standing for best in class service real losses (see below table) For validity scores of 50 or below, the shaded blocks should not be focus areas until better data validity is achieved. Establish long-term apparent and real loss reduction goals (+10 year horizon) Preliminary Comparisons - can begin to rely upon the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) for performance comparisons for real losses (see below table) 59 Notes on Existing Guidance Water Audit Software and new M36 Manual on Audits and Programs: excellent starting place Component Analysis Tool helps refine top down audit from software allows evaluation of Active Leakage Control and Pressure Management, if local cost data are available ILI as a target is discouraged by IWA; not based on finances and ignores benefits of pressure management RTI Optimal NRW Tool uses financial optimization, but needs calibration to North American costs Overall planning framework for North America still not out there 60 Please consider the environment before printing. 30

31 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources Holistic Planning Framework 1. Overview of Strategic Planning Process 2. Situational Assessment 3. Financial Analysis of Potential Activities 4. Business Case and Plan 62 Please consider the environment before printing. 31

32 3.1 Overview of Strategy Development Keys to Developing the NRW Management Strategy Situational Assessment Where are we? Goals & Targets Where do we want to be? Strategies How are we going to get there? Tactics How much of which activities will fulfill that Strategy? Benefit-Cost Analysis of Candidate Activities Short-Run Actions for Quick Return Long-Term Major Capital Investments Integrated Plan of Action with Justification Why is this plan the best for us now? Monitoring and Refining How are we doing and How should we move forward? 63 Ideal (Future) Planning Cycle 64 Please consider the environment before printing. 32

33 Evolution: From Fundamentals to Refined Strategy Situational Assessment Audit: Volumes, Values and Validity Uncertainty Analysis Data Refinement Indicator Trend Analysis Root Causes Infrastructure Condition Utility Context 66 Please consider the environment before printing. 33

34 Assessing Root Causes 67 Leak Frequency / Zone Prioritization 68 Please consider the environment before printing. 34

35 Utility Context Current NRW team organization and management Staff numbers, roles and qualifications Budget allocated Practices conducted Records maintained Data analyzed Connection to Capital Investment Plan (?) Targets and Potential Activities 70 Please consider the environment before printing. 35

36 Financial Analysis of Potential Activities Compiling Actions into a Program STEP 1: Elaborate possible Actions STEP 2: Compile possible Actions by financial attractiveness 1. Compute the Marginal Cost/gallon of water savings of many possible Actions for reducing water losses, 2. Compile Actions into a Program, by adding Actions incrementally, starting with most cost efficient, then second most cost efficient, then third, etc. 2a. For Apparent Losses, keep adding in Actions whose cost per gallon of savings are lower than the marginal revenue per gallon. Then stop adding Actions 2b. For Real Losses, keep adding in Actions whose cost per gallon of savings are lower than the variable costs of water production, UNLESS recovered water can be sold to customers in which case, use the marginal revenue per gallon savings as the cut-off. Then stop adding Actions 72 Please consider the environment before printing. 36

37 3.4 Refine the Program into a Plan STEP 3: Elaborate a preliminary Plan STEP 4: Refine the Plan to meet specific constraints of objectives 3. Assemble all screened Actions into a preliminary Plan, with a series of Actions, Costs, Requirements, Timetable, Milestones, and Results 4. Refine the results into a Plan to: a. Conform to an externally imposed Budget constraint, and / or b. Meet the objective of minimizing water withdrawals, and/or c. Meet the objective of minimizing operating cost and maximizing revenue. (while considering longrun investment needs and rates for customers) 73 Indicators for Planning, Monitoring, Refining Topic Volumetric Indicator Value Indicator Non-Revenue Water Unbilled Authorized Consumption Apparent Losses Real Losses Pipe Network Failures Water Resource Efficiency - Gallons / Connection / Day - Gallons / Connection / Day - Unbilled Authorized Consumption / Billed Consumption - Gallons / Connection / Day - Apparent Loss / Billed Consumption - Gallons / Connection / Day - Gallons / Mile / Day - Gallons / Connection / Day / Pressure - Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) - Pressure Management Index (PMI) - Mains Burst / Mile / Year - Connection Leaks / 1000 Connections / Year Global Leakage Index = ILI *PMI Real Loss / Water Production Value of Unbilled Authorized Consumption / Operating Revenue Value of Apparent Losses / Operating Revenue Value of Real Losses / Operating Cost Value of Real Loss / Water Production Cost 74 Please consider the environment before printing. 37

38 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources New Tools under Investigation Use of Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) and Pressure Management Index (PMI) NRW Practices and Performance 76 Please consider the environment before printing. 38

39 Higher Pressure, More leakage Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) & Pressure Management Index (PMI) Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) = Current Leakage / Unavoidable Leakage at Current Pressure Indicates the leakage due to burst rates, repair speed and frequency of detection of hidden leaks It s possible to have high pressure and low ILI, and have excessive leakage. If you can reduce pressure, leakage will go down. Pressure Management Index (PMI) = Current Average Pressure / Reference Pressure (Target) Indicates how high the average pressure is, relatively speaking Leakage specialists from England and France have used these indicators together with interesting results 77 Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) & Pressure Management Index (PMI) More Leakage Ideal PMI More Bursts, Slower Repairs, Less Frequent Leak Surveys, More Leakage Ideal ILI 78 Please consider the environment before printing. 39

40 ILI & PMI for Assessment and Planning The Cross plot is very instructive on intervention activities These are results from 33 cities and towns in England, as conducted by Pearson and Trow 79 ILI & PMI: Application to NA Utilities reference pressure of 35psi Large scatter Both ALC and PM seem justifiable in most cases 80 Please consider the environment before printing. 40

41 NRW Practices and Performance RATING TOOL ON 6 FIELDS 1. Program Management 2. Information Systems 3. Water Balance Practice 4. Apparent Loss Mgmt 5. Real Loss Mgmt 6. Monitoring and Analysis 12 Criteria in Each Field Indicates Strengths and Weaknesses Developed by RTI for the Inter-American Development Bank, based on an approximate tool developed by IWA 81 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources 82 Please consider the environment before printing. 41

42 5. Summary Good NRW planning methods are important to conserve water, upgrade infrastructure, improve finances, and facilitate good regulation Many existing tools, yet no practical guide on holistic planning In the meantime: refine your audit, assess your situation, evaluate what you are doing, try tools, consider alternatives, and keep moving ahead add best practices where they fit. 83 Agenda 1. Why NRW Strategic Planning? 2. Existing Guidance 3. Holistic Planning Framework 4. New Tools under Investigation 5. Summary 6. Resources 84 Please consider the environment before printing. 42

43 6. Resources AWWA M36 Water Audits and Water Loss Control Programs 4 th Edition (2016) WRF Component Analysis Tool (WRF Report 4372a) from WRF website References Listed in Section 2 of this Presentation Others which have been collected by the SBP Subcommittee ( me at asw@rti.org) Send me your Plans!! 85 Ask the Experts Steve Cavanaugh Alan Wyatt Dan Strub Enter your question into the question pane at the lower right hand side of the screen. Please include your name and specify to whom you are addressing the question. 86 Please consider the environment before printing. 43

44 Using Industry Tools to Manage Water Loss Dan Strub Conservation Program Coordinator Austin Water 87 Purpose An example of how a utility began its water loss control program Show how to use available tools to shape your water loss control program 88 Please consider the environment before printing. 44

45 Agenda Establishing water loss audits and goals First actions Measuring results Diagnosing problems Long term strategies water loss audit Initial Status 3.26 Infrastructure Leakage Index Texas Water Development Board assessment score of 65 Set goals: 3.0 ILI TWDB assessment score of Please consider the environment before printing. 45

46 Where to Start? Water loss audit and validity scores Potential avenues for reducing loss Use grading matrix to improve data validity 91 First Action Leak response & repair time > 3 days in FY08 Added 2 nd shift of repair crews No additional employees Prioritized leaks above maintenance tasks 92 Please consider the environment before printing. 46

47 Hours to Repair Number of Repairs Leak Repairs FY Hours to repair Number of repairs st Q 2nd Q 3rd Q 4th Q 0 93 Filling Holes in the Data Customer meter accuracy Unmetered water Flushing 94 Please consider the environment before printing. 47

48 Customer Meter Accuracy No measure of meter accuracy in the field Size of Apparent Loss drives size of Real Loss Apparent Loss has largest economic impact Source: M36 Manual, 4 th Ed. 95 Small Meter Accuracy Conducted study testing 729 small meters Data logged customer meters to obtain flow profiles Confirmed meter accuracy of just below 98% Meter test bench 96 Please consider the environment before printing. 48

49 Large Meter Accuracy Testing 2100 meters 3 and larger Account for ~40% of usage Tested by in-house crews Average testing interval nearly 19 months Fire-flow meter 97 Improving Testing Scheduling Redesigned testing scheduling Prioritized high volume, high revenue meters Improved grouping Identified properties with multiple meters Created GIS map of meters with duration since last test Within 12 months all meters had been tested 98 Please consider the environment before printing. 49

50 Unmetered Water City departments were using water from hydrants No measurement, reporting, or billing Identified all unmetered uses and users Set agreements to estimate, report, and pay for water used Moved usage from unreported (Real Loss) to Billed and Unbilled Unmetered Usage 99 Flushing Contractors were not reporting flushing for disinfection Worked with Public Works inspectors Flushing report required before job close out Moved usage from Real Loss to Unbilled Unmetered Line flushing into an open field 100 Please consider the environment before printing. 50

51 71 TWDB Assessment Score S c o r e FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 CY14 Year Results Coming In Austin Water Infrastructure Leakage I L I Austin Water's ILI goal is to maintain an ILI of less than Theoretical minimum FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 CY14 Year 102 Please consider the environment before printing. 51

52 Using Audits to Identify a Problem 2014 ILI increased to 3.17 Annual water loss audits showed consistency in: Number of leaks Time to repair Meter accuracy Billed consumption, both retail and wholesale 103 Using Other Tools Component Analysis Model and leak detection contracts show fewer than expected leaks on mains 104 Please consider the environment before printing. 52

53 Likely Cause Suspect unreported leaks, esp. on transmission mains where no leak detection yet performed Some confirmation coming from leaking main inspection lost 8.1 million gallons through one leak WaterRF Component Analysis Model also helping us make the business case to increase leak detection efforts Section of cracked CSC transmission main 105 Advantages of Accurate Water Loss Accounting Awareness of where problems are Assessment scoring offers potential solutions Component Analysis Model helps identify and confirm problems, assists with cost benefit of solutions Raises awareness of importance of water loss utility-wide Better planning, less loss 106 Please consider the environment before printing. 53

54 Future Efforts District Metering First District Metered Area operational More being developed Advanced Metering Infrastructure Acoustic monitoring, perhaps in conjunction with AMI Small meter replacement program Examine other performance measures 107 Ask the Experts Steve Cavanaugh Alan Wyatt Dan Strub Enter your question into the question pane at the lower right hand side of the screen. Please include your name and specify to whom you are addressing the question. 108 Please consider the environment before printing. 54

55 Bookstore Resources WSO: Water Loss Control DVD Catalog no On the Job: Leak Protection DVD Catalog no Upcoming Webinars March 2 Standing Out What Professional Certification Means to You This webinar is free to AWWA members March 23 Optimizing Surface Water Treatment: Compliance through Water Quality Monitoring March 31 Smart Water Migration: The Right Time at the Right Pace This complimentary webinar is sponsored by Neptune April 20 Purpose, Process, and Benefits of Completing a Water Audit Register for a 2016 Webinar Bundle Individual Full Year Group Full Year Please consider the environment before printing. 55

56 Upcoming Conferences Register Online at: Thank You for Joining AWWA s Webinar As part of your registration, you are entitled to an additional 30-day archive access of today s program. Until next time, keep the water safe and secure. 112 Please consider the environment before printing. 56

57 Presenter Biography Information For almost three decades, Steve has worked with public and private sector clients to develop intelligent stewardship solutions to some of today s most challenging issues. In addition to his agricultural expertise on waste-to-energy and biomass facilities, Steve is known in the industry as an expert in the field of Water Loss and Revenue Recovery. His dedication to improve and protect the world s water resources through teaching Utilities how to discover and embrace efficient business practices has been noted as refreshing to an industry plagued by a quick fix mentality. Alan Wyatt is an environmental engineer and manager with more than 25 years of experience in international development assistance programs and projects. He has worked extensively on projects in the areas of water supply and sanitation, urban environmental management, and renewable energy in the U.S., Europe, and 15 other countries in sub-saharan Africa, North Africa, Central America, and Asia. He has authored over 50 technical publications. Most recently he has been managing technical assistance and training programs in water supply and sanitation, local environmental management, municipal management, and infrastructure project finance. He currently serves as chair of the AWWA WLCC Strategic Business Planning subcommittee. Dan Strub is a Conservation Program Coordinator with the Austin Water Utility, where he is the point person for tracking and reducing water loss, with a focus on improving and documenting meter accuracy. He has worked with the Water Research Foundation on projects concerning water loss and back flow detection. In addition to six years working on water loss, he has 13 years experience in water conservation. He has a bachelor s degree in English from University of Texas at Austin and a Master s Degree in Public Affairs from the LBJ School of Public Affairs. 113 CE Credits (CEUs) and Professional Development Hours (PDHs) AWWA awards webinar attendees CEUs. If you wish to take advantage of the opportunity to earn CEUs, visit Certificates will be available within 30 days of the webinar 114 Please consider the environment before printing. 57

58 How To Print Your CEU Certificate of Completion Within 30 days of the webinar, login to or register on the website. If you are having problems, please Once logged in, go to: My Account My Transcript Information To print your official transcript, click Print list To print certificates, click Download certificate Webinar Sponsors 116 Please consider the environment before printing. 58