PIANC YP 4 th Technical Visit Panama Canal

Transcription

1 PIANC YP 4 th Technical Visit Panama Canal 28 October 2013 Laure Herbert Contents 1.0 PIANC Young Professional 2.0 Panama Canal Overview 2.1 Existing Locks 2.2 Canal Transit System 2.3 Dredging Activities 3.0 New Locks Why, What, Who, How Much and When? rd Set of Locks 3.2 Some Design Challenges 3.3 Lock Monolith Wall 3.4 Concrete Material & Plant 3.5 Management Challenges 4.0 Conclusion 1 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 1

2 1.0 PIANC YP PIANC Young Professional Committee: To encourage and promote active participation of Young Professionals in PIANC 4 th Biennale Technical Visit: - 35 YPs representing 10 countries; - 4 days of visits and conferences, from Pacific to Atlantic; - Speakers: Panama Canal Authority, Maersk, Jan de Nul, MHW; - Gain insight of the Panama Canal s Complexity. List of Speakers Panama Canal - Overview Central America, bordered by Costa Rica and Columbia; Key Route for International Maritime Trade Construction: ; Own by Panama since 1999; Revenue in 2012: US$2 billion(us$6m/day) 60% Traffic with USA; Transit: 10 hours to 2 days on average. Transit: 21 days minimum; 5x Cost of Panama Canal Transit 3 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 2

3 25m 2.0 Panama Canal - Overview Pacific Entrance: - Miraflores Locks (6) - Pedro Miguel Lock (5) Gatun Lake (3), 26m above sea level; Atlantic Entrance: - Gatun Locks (2) Operated by Panama Canal Authority (ACP) Existing Traffic: - Operations: 24/7 - Utilisation: 80% Container Terminal ATLANTIC PACIFIC Container Terminal Existing Locks - Dimensions Two Independent Transit Lines Lock Dimensions: - length: 304.6m - depth: 12.8m - width: 33.5m Panamax Vessel Class: Capacity (TEU) 4,400 LOA (m) Draft (m) Width (m) Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 3

4 2.1 Existing Locks - Miraflores Existing Locks - Miraflores Guide Wall Locomotive 7 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 4

5 2.2 Canal Transit System Reservation System: - First Come/First Served Basis - Advance Booking, 3 periods: up to 22 days prior to transit, 4 days and 48 hours, - 70 slots a day; Transit Requirements: - Transit documentation 96 hours prior to transit - incl. crew list, IMDG Cargo declaration and ship security information - Ready 48 hours prior to transit. Pricing System: Panama Canal Universal Measurement - Panamax vessel toll: approx US$ 300,000 - Lowest toll: US$ 36 cents paid by Richard Halliburton for swimming the Canal in Dredging Activities Constant Requirement: i. To mitigate landslides impact and maintain the depth; ii. To improve navigation; 2 - Mitigation Works 1 Rainfall Impact, Pacific Side 3 - On Going Works 9 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 5

6 2.3 Dredging Activities 1. Drilling & Blasting Pacific Side 2. Dredging Pacific Side, Hard Material 3. Pumping - Gatun Lake, Soft Dredged Material New Locks Why, What, Who, How Much and When? Money! To increase capacity and maximise existing locks; Two New Locks & Access Channels, and Dredging Activities; D&B - Joint Venture; US$ 3.2 billion; Project Award: 2009 Completion: 2014 Open: 2015 NEW LOCK ACCESS CHANNEL NEW LOCK NEW LOCK DREDGING ACCESS CHANNEL 11 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 6

7 3.1 3 rd Set of Locks New Vessel Class Capacity (TEU) 12,000 LOA (m) 366 Draft (m) 15.2 Width (m) 49.0 Two New Locks: - Access Channel - 3 Consecutive Chambers - 6 Rolling Gates - 9 Water Saving Basins (60% water is re-used) Operations: - Tugs - Clearance: 300mm each side Water Saving Basins Copyright MHW Some Design Challenges i. Service Design Life: 100 years; 99.6% Reliability ii. Scale of the Project: Material Volumes, E&M, Programme. iii. Geotechnical Conditions (variable) & High Standard Seismic Resistance. iv. Climate Conditions: - Hot temperature => Concrete Durability; - Rainfall (av mm/yr Atlantic) Geotechnical Conditions => Excavation, Backfill, Concrete; - Fresh Water/Salt Water => Reinforcement Requirement Varies; Water Savings Basins 99.6% Reliability Climate Conditions Copyright MHW 13 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 7

8 10m 30m 3.3 Lock Monolith Wall & Rolling Gate 22m Backfill Water Saving Basin Rolling Gate : Design and Build in Italy 16 Gates 4,000t each Copyright AFP Rolling Gate Tolerance +/- 100mm Culvert Concrete Material & Plant i. Concrete: Aggregates, re-use of Basalt: - Extracted from Pacific side with dredging activities; - Crushed to be used as aggregates (4 phases) and micron re-used for its Pozzolanic properties; - Transported from Pacific to Atlantic; To avoid cracks: - Cool aggregates and sand, - Add ice to concrete (300t ice / day) Distribution at 180 m3/hr, 80m radius ii. Two independent sites: Batching plant, crushing plant, cooling plant and rebar workshop. 15 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 8

9 3.5 Management Challenges Collaboration and Communication! Client s Perspective: - Online Sharing Tools (programme and progress monitoring); - Risk Analysis Monitoring; - Ensure good Communication with Contractors; Joint Venture s Perspective: - Online Sharing Tools (sync up with all teams); - Quality Management System and Templates; - Weekly design team/contractor meetings; - Personnel: 10,000 staff; - Financial: $90m/month; Conclusion PIANC YPs Technical Visit, opportunity to: - Witness first hand operations and construction activities; - Gain insight of the Panama Canal s complexity; - Share experience and expand network; What s Next? - Next expansion programme; - Impact on ports, traffic patterns, existing fleets; 17 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 9

10 THANK YOU 18 Printed Tuesday, 05 November 2013 City version 10