Mainstreaming sectoral statistical systems in Africa A guide to planning a coordinated national statistical system

Transcription

1 EDUCATION HEALTH Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems in Africa A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system Version 1.0, November 2007

2 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP The African Deveopment Bank Group is a regiona mutiatera deveopment finance institution comprising a the 53 countries in Africa and 25 countries from Asia, Europe, North and South America. The purpose of the Bank is to further the economic deveopment and socia progress of African countries, individuay and coectivey. To this end, the Bank promotes the investment of pubic and private capita for deveopment, primariy by providing oans and grants for projects and programs that contribute to poverty reduction and broad-based sustainabe deveopment in Africa. The Bank aso provides poicy advice and technica assistance to support deveopment efforts in African countries. Intersect Sharing data across sectors Intersect is an informa coaboration of individuas and institutions wiing to commit time and/or financia resources to expore, document and disseminate ways of increasing the use of data across sectors to inform poverty reduction and other deveopment strategies PARIS21 is a unique goba partnership of nationa and internationa statisticians, deveopment professionas, poicy makers, anaysts and other users of statistics who are committed to making a rea difference to the contribution of statistics to deveopment progress. PARIS21 s goa is to deveop a cuture of evidence-based poicy making and impementation which serves to improve governance and government effectiveness in reducing poverty and achieving the Miennium Deveopment Goas.

3 Intersect African Deveopment Bank Group Sharing data across sectors Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems in Africa A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system Version 1.0, November 2007

4 ADB/BAD, 2007 Statistics Department Département des statistiques Temporary Reocation Agency (TRA) Agence Temporaire de Reocaisation (ATR) 13 Avenue du Ghana BP. 323, 1002 Tunis Bevedère Tunis, Tunisia / Tunisie Te: (+216) Fax: (+216) Emai: statistics@afdb.org / Internet: Design, Layout & Production Phoenix Design Aid Denmark

5 Contents Page Acronyms 4 Foreword 5 Acknowedgements 6 Introduction 7 Section 1 Muti-sectora statistics for deveopment 1A Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems to design, impement and monitor deveopment strategies 11 1B Internationa support for panning nationa statistica systems 12 1C Internationa support for sectora statistics 13 Section 2 2A 2B Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistics to buid a coordinated nationa statistica system Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems into nationa statistica systems 17 Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistica systems into a nationa statistica system 18 Section 3 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora strategies for statistics 3A Guidance on designing an NSDS 23 3B Guidance on designing sectora statistica strategies 27 Section 4 Designing an integrated NSDS that mainstreams sectora statistica systems into a nationa statistica system 4A Introduction 41 4B NSDS/SSDS Phase I Mainstreaming the sectors from the aunch 43 4C NSDS/SSDS Phase II Assessing the status of sectora systems 49 to deveop an integrated NSDS 4D NSDS/SSDS Phase III Deveoping a vision and strategies for 52 each sector and the integrated NSDS 4E NSDS/SSDS Phase IV Preparing impementation pans for the sectors 56 and the integrated NSDS 4F NSDS/SSDS Phase V Impementation, monitoring and evauation 59 of the integrated NSDS Web resources 63 Country exampes 71 Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version 1.0.

6 Acronyms ADP Acceerated Data Program NSDS Nationa Strategy for the Deveopment of Statistics AfDB African Deveopment Bank NSO Nationa Statistica Office AFRISTAT Observatoire économique et statistique d Afrique Subsaharienne NSS Nationa Statistica System DQAF Data Quaity Assessment Framework PARIS21 Partnerships in Statistics for Deveopment in the 21 st Century EMIS Educationa Management Information Systems PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy FAO Food and Agricuture Organization PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper FASDEV GDDS Forum on African Statistica Deveopment Genera Data Dissemination System RRSF Reference Regiona Strategic Framework for Statistica Capacity Buiding in Africa HIS Heath Information Systems SSDS Sectora Strategy for the Deveopment of Statistics HMN Heath Metrics Network SMART Specific, Measurabe, Achievabe, Reevant and Time-bound IAC ILO Inter-Agency Committee Internationa Labour Organization SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats IMF Internationa Monetary Fund STATCAP Statistica capacity buiding faciity MAPS Marrakech Action Pan for Statistics UNESCO United Nations Education, Science and Cuture Organization MDG Miennium Deveopment Goa UNFPA United Nations Popuation Fund ICT Information and Communications Technoogy UIS WHO UNESCO s Institute of Statistics Word Heath Organization IHSN Internationa Househod Survey Network

7 Foreword Many African countries ack the capacity to produce and use comprehensive quaity statistics for evidence-based poicy-making. This makes it difficut to monitor the impementation of Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRSs) and of interventions to achieve the Miennium Deveopment Goas (MDGs). The 2004 Marrakech Action Pan for Statistics (MAPS) highighted the need to Mainstream strategic panning of statistica systems, especiay through the impementation of Nationa Strategies for the Deveopment of Statistics (NSDSs). NSDSs provide a hoistic approach for integrating statistics within nationa poicy processes, and for mobiizing and prioritizing the use of resources to strengthen the nationa statistica system (NSS). NSDS design and impementation is the overarching strategy of the Reference Regiona Strategic Framework for the Deveopment of Statistics in Africa (RRSF). Whie nationa statistica offices are responsibe for compiing and disseminating officia statistics, statistica units in ine ministries are aso responsibe for coecting and providing sector specific data which are key to monitoring deveopment progress. It is, therefore, imperative that sectora requirements are integrated into NSDS design. The African Deveopment Bank (AfDB), Intersect and Partnership in Statistics for Deveopment in the 21 st Century (PARIS21) have been working with statisticians, sectora experts and users of statistics in a number of African countries and with internationa organizations to deveop guideines to assist countries to mainstream sectora statistics into their NSDSs. Combined with other materia, this guide wi make a significant contribution to the deveopment of statistics and attainment of deveopment outcomes in African and other ow- and midde-income countries. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version 1.0.

8 Acknowedgement This guide was prepared by the AfDB, Intersect and PARIS21. Its deveopment was overseen by a Reference Group comprising Graham Eee (Word Bank), Ben Kiregyera (Chairman of the Board of the Uganda Bureau of Statistics), Sarah Macfarane (Intersect, and the Reference Group Convener), Adabert Nshimyumuremyi (AfDB) and Tony Wiiams (PARIS21). Ideas and content were deveoped at a workshop of internationa agencies convened by PARIS21 in 2005, at workshops convened by the AfDB in four sub-regions of Africa in 2006 and through an eectronic discussion group hosted on the Intersect website. A draft of the guide was reviewed by key stakehoders from Angophone and Francophone African countries and internationa agencies at a workshop on Integrating Sectora Statistics into Nationa Statistica Systems. The workshop was hosted by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics, and organized by the AfDB, Intersect and PARIS21 in Kampaa in March The guide was finaized at an expert meeting in London in Apri The guide was written by Oadejo Ajayi (AfDB consutant), Sarah Macfarane, Norah Madaya (AfDB consutant) and Adabert Nshimyumuremyi. The Food and Agricuture Organization (FAO), the Internationa Labor Organization (ILO), the United Nations Education, Science and Cuture Organization (UNESCO) and the Word Heath Organization (WHO) wrote sections 3B3, 3B2, 3B4, and 3B1 respectivey. Robin Eison (PARIS21 consutant) aso contributed a review of the statistica work of these four agencies. Various case study materias were compied and drawn upon, with Uganda s experience of integrating sectors into its Pan for Nationa Statistica Deveopment and Senega s experience in deveoping its NSDS being particuary informative. The guide aso draws on the Framework for Heath Information Systems (HIS) deveoped by the Heath Metrics Network (HMN). Agnès Deree and Monika Hoegen (AfDB consutants) provided editoria assistance.

9 Introduction This guide is written to assist staff of nationa statistica offices (NSOs) and of sectora statistica offices to work together to mainstream sectora statistica systems into NSSs by integrating their strategies into NSDS design and impementation. The intended outcome is a coordinated NSS - with shared goas and cross-cutting strategies - capabe of efficienty and effectivey monitoring deveopment indicators. PARIS21 NSDS documents and knowedge base The guide compements other documents prepared, for exampe by PARIS21, to assist countries in designing an NSDS. It, therefore, incudes some materia about the NSDS design process that is aready famiiar to staff of NSOs but which may not be as famiiar to peope working in the sectors. Simiary, it contains information that focuses the attention of NSOs on issues of importance to the sectors. The content and objectives of each section are given beow: Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 1 : demonstrates the need to mainstream sectora statistica systems into an NSS and describes some internationa initiatives to support statistica capacity buiding to meet deveopment needs. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide appreciates the need to buid a coordinated NSS and is aware of the internationa support avaiabe to do this. Section 2 : describes a framework of objectives and cross-cutting strategies that may be empoyed to mainstream sectora statistica systems into an NSS. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide is aware of some crosscutting strategies that may be empoyed to create a coordinated NSS and can appy the framework during NSDS design. Section 3 : provides an overview of avaiabe guidance on how to design an NSDS and on how to design sectora statistica systems for heath, abour, agricuture and education. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide knows where to find materia to assist in deveoping an integrated NSDS. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version 1.0.

10 Introduction Section 4: provides guidance for staff of NSOs and sectora statistica offices on how to invove sectors during every phase of the NSDS design process in order to deveop cross-cutting strategies. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide is abe to: aunch an NSDS design process that invoves the sectors in its panning and in preparing its roadmap; use the framework described in Section 2 during NSDS design to assess sectora statistica systems; use the framework described in Section 2 to prepare strategies for the sectors; use the framework described in Section 2 to deveop shared goas and crosscutting strategies for integration into the NSDS; and impement the integrated NSDS and monitor and evauate its impementation. Section 4 The guide is deveoped on the assumption that a budgeted proposa has been prepared and approved to design an integrated NSDS. It is best used from the time NSDS design begins through to its impementation. The guide may aso be used when revising a Statistica Masterpan or NSDS document that has not aready integrated sectora strategies into it. Links: to reevant websites are indicated in itaics in the margins of the document and isted in fu in the Resource section at the end of the document. Link to a website Exampes: drawing on country experiences are indicated in the margins of the document and are provided in fu at the end of the document. Country exampe We wecome feedback: the guide is based argey on first hand experience in Uganda and Senega. We seek exampes and toos from other countries to incude in the compact disc version of the guide as and when it is revised. Pease give us your feedback

11 Section 1 Muti-sectora statistics for deveopment Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version 1.0.

12 Section 1 Summary This section demonstrates the need to mainstream sectora statistica systems into nationa statistica systems because: deveopment poicies require comprehensive data from a variety of sectors to be effective; it is necessary to make data coected by sectors and nationa statistica offices more widey avaiabe to meet the resuts-based deveopment agenda; and Most NSSs are not we coordinated - with NSOs operating autonomousy and sectora statistica systems operating verticay ; The section aso describes internationa initiatives to support statistica capacity buiding to meet deveopment needs. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide appreciates the need to buid a coordinated NSS and is aware of the internationa support avaiabe to do this. 10

13 Muti-sectora statistics for deveopment 1A Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems to design, impement and monitor deveopment strategies Country Poverty Reduction Strategies Poverty reduction source book Miennium Deveopment Goas Marrakech Action Pan for Statistics The resuts-based agenda, incuding the design and impementation of PRSs and interventions to achieve the MDGs and other nationa deveopment pans, has substantiay increased the demand for good deveopment data. This, in turn, has increased pressures to improve the quaity, coverage and use of officia statistics produced by NSSs through greater efficiency and better coordination. Anaysts and users of statistics need a wide range of data from a wide range of sources in order to design appropriate poicies and programmes and to monitor and evauate their effects and impacts. The vaue of statistica data is greaty enhanced if indicators and other statistics can be compared, for exampe, between sources, over time, or between ocations. This requires considerabe coordination and harmonization in the way these data are coected, compied and disseminated. Most countries have set up speciaised statistica agencies, or NSOs, to carry out arge scae surveys and censuses and to be responsibe for compiing and disseminating officia statistics. However, a considerabe amount of the data used to monitor deveopment progress and poverty aeviation is generated by other agencies. For exampe, much of the data needed to monitor the MDGs are derived from management information systems operated and used verticay by ine ministries such as heath and education. In 2004, as part of the internationa effort to achieve the MDGs and to focus on deveopment resuts, MAPS aid out a timeine for a ow-income countries to deveop and impement NSDSs in time to produce better statistics for nationa and internationa use for the 2010 Miennium Review. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

14 Section 1 Internationa support for panning nationa statistica systems 1B The RRSF provides strategic direction and appropriate mechanisms for guiding and acceerating the deveopment of sustainabe statistica capacity in Africa. Impementation, monitoring and reporting of the RRSF is jointy coordinated by the AfDB and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. The NSDS is the main too for RRSF impementation at the country eve. Reference Regiona Strategic Framework for Statistica Capacity Buiding in Africa African Deveopment Bank - Statistics The internationa deveopment community - incuding biatera and mutiatera deveopment agencies, United Nations bodies, the Internationa Monetary Fund (IMF), the Word Bank and the AfDB - has committed resources to assisting regiona member countries to update and/or design their statistica pans using the NSDS principes. These principes have been deveoped by PARIS21 in coaboration with a arge number of partner institutions. The AfDB has aunched a program to strengthen statistica capacity in African countries in the context of the Internationa Comparison Program for Africa. Working with the Observatoire économique et statistique d Afrique Subsaharienne (AFRISTAT), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Southern African Deveopment Community (SADC), the AfDB provides technica and financia support to assist African countries to design their NSDS. The AfDB aso supports the impementation of these pans through stand-aone projects and through its other efforts to improve overa statistica capacity in African countries. Making the case for Nationa Strategy for the Deveopment of Statistics Partnerships in Statistics for Deveopment in the 21st Century: PARIS21 AFRISTAT Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Economic Community Of West African States Southern African Deveopment Community The Word Bank s Trust Fund for Statistica Capacity Buiding focuses on assisting countries to design their NSDSs, whie its Statistica capacity buiding faciity (STATCAP) can hep with impementation within the context of the Bank s country programmes. A number of STATCAP projects are underway or are in the pipeine. The United Nations Deveopment Program, the European Union Commission, biatera donors, and AFRISTAT aso assist countries to design and impement their NSDSs. Word Bank Trust Fund Word Bank STATCAP ending faciity Many African countries participate in the IMF s Genera Data Dissemination System (GDDS) which supports improvements to macro-economic, financia and socio-demographic statistics. The United Nations Statistics Division aso works with West Africa and Southern African countries through United Nations Deveopment Account projects. Genera Data Dissemination System United Nations Deveopment Account projects 12

15 Muti-sectora statistics for deveopment Internationa Househod Survey Network Acceerated Data Programme Integrated Management Information Systems Institute of Statistics and Appied Economics Eastern Africa Statistica Training Centre Ecoe Nationae Supérieure de Statistique et d Economie Appiquée Institut Sous-Régiona de Statistique et d Economie Appiquée Ecoe Nationae d Economie Appiquée Two piot programmes being hosted by PARIS21 are: the Internationa Househod Survey Network (IHSN) which aims to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of househod surveys in deveoping countries, and the Acceerated Data Programme (ADP) which aims to hep countries identify weaknesses and make immediate improvements to reevant statistica processes within the NSDS. The United Nations Popuation Fund (UNFPA) and the AfDB are supporting the impementation of the Integrated Management Information Systems in some African countries. This is a computer-based system for inking and preserving socio-demographic information and ensuring its utiization at the nationa and sub-nationa eves. Statistica training in the sub Saharan African region is provided by the: Institute of Statistics and Appied Economics, University of Makerere in Kampaa, Uganda; Eastern Africa Statistica Training Centre in Dar-es-Saaam, Tanzania; Ecoe Nationae Supérieure de Statistique et d Economie Appiquée in Abidjan, Côte d Ivoire; Institut Sous-Régiona de Statistique et d Economie Appiquée in Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Ecoe Nationae d Economie Appiquée in Dakar, Senega. 1C Internationa support for sectora statistics Whie the difficut situation faced by many NSOs in Africa has been widey recognized, the status of sectora statistica units has received ess attention. Statisticians from ine ministries are rarey directy invoved in discussions on nationa statistica capacity buiding and many statistica projects and programs ony focus on centra needs. However, some internationa agencies responsibe for sectora statistics provide advice and technica assistance to countries to buid statistica capacities in their respective sectors. The Heath Metrics Network The UNESCO Institute for Statistics The Internationa Labour Organization FAO Statistics Division Food Security Web page FAO s COUNTRYSTAT The Heath Metrics Network (HMN), under the auspices of the Word Heath Organization (WHO), for exampe, supports the deveopment of heath information systems in ow- and midde-income countries. The UNESCO Institute of Statistics assists countries to improve data coection, processing, quaity contro, anaysis and dissemination. The Bureau of Statistics at the ILO provides advice about the deveopment of abour statistica systems. The Statistics Division of FAO provides technica assistance to countries for strengthening their food and agricutura statistics systems. Other speciaised agencies hep to identify standards and promote good practice in other sectors. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

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17 Section 2 Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistics to buid a coordinated nationa statistica system Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

18 Section 2 Summary This section describes a framework of objectives and strategies that may be empoyed to mainstream sectora statistica systems into an NSS. The objectives are: to make more efficient use of resources; to improve the provision of indicators; to increase the productivity of data coection and management; and to raise the pubic profie for statistics. Tweve cross-cutting strategies are described to meet these objectives. The intended resut is a coordinated nationa statistica system capabe of efficienty and effectivey monitoring deveopment progress. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide is aware of some cross-cutting strategies that may be empoyed to create a coordinated NSS and can appy the framework during NSDS design. 16

19 Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistics 2A Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems into nationa statistica systems UNSD: Deveopment of Nationa Statistica Systems The term sector is used here to describe a vertica division of governmenta focus that reates to a given subject area or pubic need - usuay corresponding to ine ministries, government departments or agencies - with separate and we-defined areas of concern, mandate, and budget. An NSS brings together key stakehoders and institutions invoved in producing, suppying and using officia statistics, and training centres. Typicay, the NSO has a ega mandate to coordinate activities so that data coected, compied and disseminated by different sectors and agencies are consistent and coherent and can be used with confidence. Sectora statistics are produced through the statistica system of each sector which may be functionay centraized or decentraized within the NSS. Presenty, in most African countries, the inkages between sectora statistica systems and between sectora statistica systems and NSOs are inconsistent, informa and reativey weak. There is itte appreciation of the impications of the statistica activities of one sector with respect to others. If NSSs were better coordinated, it woud be possibe to produce quaity statistics across the system regardess of their source to inform deveopment poicies. Mainstreaming of sectora statistica systems requires that stakehoders invoved in producing, suppying and using sectora statistics are more invoved in the functioning of the NSS and that they work with each other and with the NSO to deveop shared goas and cross-cutting strategies and to streamine institutiona and coordination arrangements. The intended outcome is an NSS capabe of efficienty and effectivey monitoring deveopment progress, which can be brought about by the foowing objectives and strategies: Objectives and strategies for mainstreaming sectora statistica systems Make more efficient use of resources: by creating coordination mechanisms, agreeing common ega and institutiona frameworks, deveoping NSS-wide financing strategies and human resource poicies, and sharing physica, information technoogy, and communication infrastructures. Improve the productivity of data management: by streamining management processes, for exampe by creating a data warehouse. Increase the avaiabiity of quaity data: by deveoping a common data dictionary and standards of data quaity, and agreeing comprehensive data production and dissemination poicies. Raise the pubic profie for statistics: by deveoping a coherent NSS-wide advocacy strategy. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

20 Section 2 Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistica systems into a nationa statistica system 2B The objectives and strategies described in Section 2A are intended to mainstream sectora statistica systems within an NSS. The strategies have been organized in Tabe 1 as a framework that may be used when conducting an integrated NSDS. There are four major objectives and a menu of 12 possibe strategies from which the sectors and the NSDS Design Team can choose. Some of these strategies may aready be in pace and others may not be achievabe in the short term, but a in a they provide an indication of what an NSS might ook ike if sectora statistica systems were mainstreamed into it. Obstaces can be encountered when attempting to mainstream sectora statistics into NSSs, for exampe: Better channes of communication may need to be estabished between the sectors and between the sectors and the NSO. The incentives for the sectors to work together and to work with the NSO may not be strong. There may even be disincentives such as a fear of oss of independence by the sectors and a fear of increased responsibiities on the part of the NSO. There may be a concern that mainstreaming sectors coud weaken aready scarce resources. On the whoe there are more resources avaiabe for the NSO than for sectora statistica units. Sectors may be ess interested in being mainstreamed as they may not see the possibiity of funding for the strategies they might deveop through the NSDS, nor may they have the human resources to conduct and impement the strategies deveoped. However, the five phases of NSDS design (see Section 3) provide an exceent opportunity to buid ong term reationships to address these issues, and to create cross-cutting strategies that benefit a the sectors of the resuting NSS. 18

21 Framework for mainstreaming sectora statistics Tabe 1: Framework for buiding a coordinated nationa statistica system Objective Strategies to mainstream sectora statistica systems into a nationa statistica system 1 2 Common institutiona procedures for coordination, coaboration and cooperation across the NSS Lega and institutiona framework that takes into account the requirements of a stakehoders in the NSS Make more efficient use of resources 3 NSS-wide financing strategy 4 Comprehensive human resource strategy with uniform training, recruitment and promotion procedures for a staff working in the NSS 5 Rationaized use of physica infrastructure and ICT across the NSS Improve the productivity of data management 6 Coherent management information system across the NSS 7 Common data warehouse for the NSS 8 Common metadata dictionary across the NSS Increase the avaiabiity of quaity data 9 Common standards for data quaity across the NSS 10 Harmonized data production schedue across the NSS 11 Comprehensive dissemination poicy for the NSS Raise the pubic profie for statistics 12 Coherent advocacy strategies across the NSS Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

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23 Section 3 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora strategies for statistics Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

24 Section 3 Summary This section provides an overview of avaiabe guidance on: how to design an NSDS incuding the deveopment of a roadmap; how to design sectora systems providing reference to the GDDS and the Data Quaity Assessment Framework (DQAF); how to design a statistica system for heath foowing the approach of the HMN; how to design a statistica system for abour foowing the approach of ILO; how to design a statistica system for agricuture foowing the approach of FAO; and how to design a statistica system for education foowing the approach of UNESCO. The objective of this section is that the user of the guide knows where to find materia to assist in deveoping an integrated NSDS. 22

25 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems 3A Guidance on designing an NSDS The term Nationa Strategy for the Deveopment of Statistics (NSDS) is now widey accepted, but other tites are aso used incuding Statistica Master Pans. Some countries use their own term, for exampe the Ugandan NSDS is known as the Pan for Nationa Statistica Deveopment (PNSD). An NSDS is expected to provide a country with a framework for strengthening statistica capacity across the entire NSS. The NSDS provides a vision for where the NSS shoud be in five to ten years, sets priorities and identifies miestones for getting there. It presents a comprehensive and unified framework for continua assessment of user needs and priorities for statistics and for buiding the capacity needed to meet these in a more coordinated, synergistic and efficient manner. It aso provides a framework for mobiising, harnessing and everaging resources (both nationa and internationa) and a basis for effective and resuts-oriented strategic management of the NSS. NSDS principes The key principes are that an NSDS shoud: NSDS Essentias be nationay ed and owned, with high eve poitica support and champions; be demand-focused and integrated into nationa deveopment poicy processes, taking account of countries regiona and internationa commitments; be deveoped in an incusive and consutative way; assess a statistica sectors and user needs and provide a vision and strategic pan for nationa statistics; set out a comprehensive statistica deveopment programme, which is prioritised and timetabed, to buid capacity to deiver resuts, incorporating pans for impementation, monitoring, and evauation, but aso fexibe enough to cope with change; address institutiona and organisationa constraints and processes, incuding resources, for the sustainabe deveopment of statistica systems and outputs; buid quaity fit for purpose, drawing on best internationa practices and standards; buid on what exists and is being deveoped and continue to satisfy immediate needs for statistics during the NSDS process; respond to user needs but be reaistic about resources; serve as a coherent framework both for internationa support for statistica deveopment and statistics programmes across the NSS. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

26 Section 3 Guidance on the NSDS design process 3A1 PARIS21 has deveoped guideines for the NSDS process. The guideines identify five phases in the process which are briefy described in this section. NSDS Guideines Launching the process The key outcomes of this critica phase wi be a decision and a pan to deveop an NSDS. How this is done wi depend on the oca situation, but many countries have found it usefu to have this decision made formay, for exampe, through a decision of cabinet, or of the minister with responsibiity for statistics. Some of the processes that can be usefu in getting this decision incude such things as: NSDS Phase 1 NSDS checkist Successfu advocacy, sensitization, and diaogue with poiticians, poicymakers, and decision-makers for exampe, through participation in a PARIS21 or AfDB regiona workshop; Participation by the managers of the nationa statistica system in nationa poicy discussions such as the preparation or monitoring of the PRSP; and/or in the GDDS. Once the decision has been made, the agencies eading the preparation of the NSDS wi usuay need to prepare some kind of programme or road map that wi set out what needs to be done and by whom, when and how it wi be financed. Assessment of the current status of the nationa statistica system NSDS Phase II Buiding on existing processes, a range of assessments wi be needed, incuding the foowing: Coecting and anaysing existing documentation; Identifying user satisfaction, current and future needs for statistics, and existing data gaps; Assessing each key statistica output against agreed quaity criteria; 24

27 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems Assessing methodoogies and the quaity of statistics; Taking stock of existing capacity (for exampe infrastructura and technica capacity and resources) to meet the identified data needs and fi data gaps; Reviewing the ega and institutiona framework, inkages, and coordination arrangements; Assessing organizationa factors using toos such as a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) anaysis. NSDS Phase III Deveoping the vision and identifying strategic options These activities buid on the assessment, incuding: Agreeing on mission and vision statements; Agreeing on desired resuts; Setting priorities and strategies, empoying scenarios to deiver the vision and resuts. NSDS Phase IV Preparing the impementation pan It is important to point out that right strategies are not a that is needed to make an NSS effective. The strategies have to be propery and effectivey impemented through a costed and time-bound action pan, incuding a financia pan incorporating proposas for externa assistance. NSDS Phase V Impementation, monitoring and evauation The most important consideration is to see strategic management as a continuous process and the preparation of the initia document represents ony the beginning. To be effective, statistica systems must remain fexibe and respond to new demands for data and a changing environment. Any medium-term pan, therefore, wi inevitaby require modification in the ight of experience. The strategic management process, therefore, needs to buid in mechanisms to monitor and evauate progress, to review the strategy and to make modifications when required. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

28 Section 3 Guidance on preparing a roadmap for the NSDS design process 3A2 The roadmap is a reference document for a actors invoved in the design of an NSDS. It outines the organisation of the work, the specific activities, and the necessary resources to produce the strategy. It shoud not be confused with the content of the strategy itsef. PARIS21 Guide to prepare a roadmap Organising the work means identifying the teams assigned to design the strategy and deineating the roes and responsibiities within these teams. A timetabe of activities shoud aso be def ined for a teams that wi aow for an NSDS to be adopted by nationa authorities after a certain number of months (in many countries this period is between 12 and 18 months). The roadmap shoud aso incude the human and materia resources necessary for both the design and impementation of the strategy. It aso serves as an important reference for the preparation of funding requests and the drafting of terms of reference for various interventions and provides vauabe information for a stakehoders. The PARIS21 guide to drafting a roadmap suggests that it might contain the foowing chapters: 1. Statistica and Poitica Background and Context 2. Overview of the Process, Goas, and Expected Outputs 3. Incusion of the NSDS in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper and Genera Deveopment Poicies 4. Overa Organisation Adopted 5. Breakdown of the Roes of a Actors, incuding Externa Partners 6. Activities 7. Budget, Resources Required, and Sources of Contributions 8. Projected Timetabe 9. Annexes 26

29 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems 3B Guidance on designing sectora statistica strategies The IMF GDDS site GDDS guide The majority of African countries are participating in the IMF s GDDS and this provides a framework for assessing current statistica practices, for identifying priorities and pans for improvement and for bringing together different data generating agencies. There is itte documentation to assist sectors to design sectora statistica systems. However, the IMF s DQAF has been adapted by a number of sectors, and the HMN has deveoped a heath information system framework (described in section 3B1). The IMF DQAF uses the foowing dimensions: The IMF Data Quaity Assessment Framework IMF DQAF website Prerequisites of quaity: this group of pointers to quaity incudes eements and indicators that have an overarching roe as prerequisites, or institutiona preconditions, for quaity of statistics. Integrity: captures the notion that statistica systems shoud be based on adherence to the principe of objectivity in the coection, compiation, and dissemination of statistics. Methodoogica soundness: covers the idea that the methodoogica basis for the production of statistics shoud be sound and that this can be attained by foowing internationay accepted standards, guideines, or good practices. Accuracy and reiabiity: covers the idea that statistica outputs sufficienty portray the reaity of the economy. It reates to the notion that source data provide an adequate basis to compie statistics, that statistica techniques are sound, and that source data, intermediate data, and statistica outputs are reguary assessed and vaidated, incusive of revision studies. Serviceabiity: reates to the need that statistics cover reevant information on the subject fied, that they are disseminated in a timey fashion, with an appropriate periodicity, are consistent internay and with other major datasets, and foow a reguar revision poicy. Accessibiity: reates to the need to ensure that data and metadata are presented in a cear and understandabe manner on an easiy avaiabe and impartia basis, that metadata are up-to-date and pertinent, and that a prompt and knowedgeabe support service is avaiabe. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

30 Section 3 Designing heath information systems: WHO-HMN Approach 3B1 The HMN was formed to assist the strengthening of heath information systems in ow- and midde- income countries. Its goa is "to increase the avaiabiity and use of timey and accurate heath information in countries and gobay through shared agreement on goas and coordinated investments in core heath information systems". HMN provides financia and technica assistance to countries to assess and pan their heath information systems. Its target is to document improved heath outcomes that can be crediby attributed to increased use of information for decision making in at east 80 deveoping countries by HMN has deveoped two major toos to assist countries to assess and pan their heath information systems: A framework and standards for country heath information system deveopment; An assessment and monitoring too. Heath Metrics Framework The six components of a heath information system Resources. These incude the egisative, reguatory and panning frameworks to ensure a fuy functioning HIS and the resources avaiabe for heath information. Such resources invove manpower, ogistics support, information and communications technoogy, and coordinating mechanisms within and between the six components. Heath Metrics Network Assessment Too Indicators. A core set of indicators and reated targets, covering the main domains of heath information is the basis for a heath information system pan and strategy. These incude determinants ike heath system inputs and outputs, heath service coverage and quaity, heath status and disease surveiance. Data sources. The two main data source types are those generating popuation-based statistics (census, vita statistics and househod/ popuation-based surveys and surveiance) and those depending on service-based data (resource tracking, heath service records, and heath and disease records); Data management. This covers a aspects of data handing from coection, management and fow to its processing and anaysis. 28

31 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems Information services and products. Data must be transformed into information that wi be the basis for evidence and becomes knowedge to shape heath action. Dissemination and use. The vaue of heath information can be enhanced by making it readiy accessibe to decision makers, giving due attention to behavioura and organizationa constraints and incentives to use the data. Principes for HIS deveopment The principes for heath information system deveopment: The strengthening of country heath information systems, by its very nature, is focused on empowerment within countries to undertake broad heath system strengthening activities. Such strengthening shoud aways start from a recognized need in the country itsef. As a matter of principe, this shoud focus on the needs of heath information users; The process shoud buid upon existing initiatives, systems and knowedge whenever possibe; Broad-based consensus buiding is a critica first step - as much of the data needed by the heath sector is generated by other sectors, and the resources required to strengthen HIS generay come from constrained nationa budgets; Strengthening country heath information systems is best approached as a gradua, incrementa process. Process for HIS strengthening Impementation process for HIS strengthening The Roadmap sets out the path that countries shoud take to reform their heath information system. A simiar process is promoted by PARIS21 in its support for integrating sectora components into nationa strategies for the deveopment of statistics (NSDS). HMN Phase 1 Coordination of stakehoders and assessment The coordination and eadership phase is essentia for the successfu aunch of the process, as many diverse actors have key roes to pay and consensus is needed to determine priorities and methods for addressing them. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

32 Section 3 Panning and priority-setting HMN Phase 2 Defining the scope of heath information system strengthening and panning its impementation is a key step in the overa process. Impementation of heath information system strengthening activities HMN Phase 3 Initia impementations of the HMN Framework wi, by their very nature, be pragmatic, iterative and heaviy earning based. It wi be critica that active and direct guidance on impementing the pan be provided through the steering committee, where the continuing participation of high eve eadership and invovement of stakehoders wi hep maintain momentum and commitment. As patterns and best practices are deveoped, active consutations with the steering committee, programme partners and donors in the country wi be needed. Evauation HMN Phase 4 The monitoring and evauation phase shoud feed a renewed cyce of assessment, panning and impementation to buid incrementay towards the agreed vision of the heath information system. Figure 1: The Heath Metrics Network Roadmap Phase 1 Coordination, Leadership & Assessment Phase 2 Panning and Priority Setting Coordinate Stakehoders Assessment Gap Anaysis Vision Priorities Strategic Pan Impementation Pan & Budget Phase 4 Evauate & Improve HMN Road Map Secure Funding Phase 3 Impementation of Country HIS Strengthening Activities User Dashboard, Reports, Queries, Events & Aerts Anaytica & Information Services Poicies Integrate data from these software toos or sources Resources Popuation & Housing Censuses Vita Event Registry Popuation Based Surveys Heath and Disease Records Heath Service Records Resource & Admin Records Common Data Mode & Information Architecture Processes Routine & Non-routine Data Coection 30

33 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems 3B2 Designing abour statistica systems: ILO Approach The work of ILO in the area of abour statistics centres around: (a) standards setting in form of conventions, recommendations, guideines and resoutions; (b) dissemination of abour market statistics compied by NSOs, pubications, and other repositories; and (c) capacity buiding through training, technica assistance and advice, and provision of methodoogica manuas. Convention No Current Guideines on abour statistics endorsed by the ICLS The work on standards setting, which guides the estabishment and/or upgrading of abour statistics system, is contained in ILO Convention No. 160 and Recommendation No In addition, there are five Guideines that offer advice on measurement issues in respect to empoyment, unempoyment, dissemination practices of abour statistics, and statistica definition of the informa sector. ILO Paper on the deveopment of abour statistics systems ILO Step 1 The deveopment of a abour statistica system usuay takes pace through the foowing six stages. It shoud be emphasized that it woud be prudent if such a system is created within a context of an overa nationa statistica system, using simiar concepts, cassifications and definitions, and more importanty within the broader objectives of meeting the nationa deveopment agenda e.g. the PRSPs and their monitoring and evauation mechanisms. Preparation and aunch Advocacy for abour statistics and estabishment of a user-producer committee to advise on priorities and to aid coordination is the initia step. Effective advocacy can be enhanced if the abour statistica needs are inked and seen to be reevant to the nationa deveopment efforts both for panning and monitoring purposes. ILO Step 2 Assessment Current Internationa Recommendations on Labour Statistics, 2000 Edition Key stakehoders (producers and users of abour statistics) shoud be identif ied, reached and widey consuted, through for exampe workshops. Invovement of workers and empoyers organization is crucia. A potentia sources for abour statistics shoud be assessed and deveoped, incuding administrative records in countries with reasonaby we deveoped administrative systems. According to the internationa standards on abour statistics, it is recommended that a system of abour statistics shoud comprise a bend of househod Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version

34 Section 3 censuses and surveys, estabishment censuses and surveys and statistics compied from administrative records. Coordination and eadership ILO Step 3 Lega mandates shoud be estabished in each country to ensure that responsibiities are ceary aocated to nationa statistica offices, the ministry of abour and other reevant agencies for the coection or compiation of abour statistics from different sources as appropriate, preferaby as part of the overa NSDS. Panning and priority setting ILO Step 4 Each country shoud review its nationa systems of abour statistics, incuding: assessment of users needs; setting of priorities to meet these needs within capacities and resources that reaisticay can be made avaiabe. Panning shoud aso resut in recommendations on the appropriate statistica programme to achieve these statistica outputs, and identify the training and other inputs, incuding the funding resources, needed to achieve this programme. Impementation of abour statistics strengthening activities Overa guidance on the impementation of the above pan shoud be provided through the estabished machinery for coordination, in which the continuing engagement of high eve eadership and invovement of stakehoders, incuding workers and empoyers organizations, wi hep to maintain momentum, credibiity and increase chances of sustainabiity. Externa technica support shoud baance advice with the opportunity for nationa sef-deveopment. Monitoring and evauation Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) Statistica Information and Monitoring Programme on Chid Labour (SIMPOC) ILO Step 5 ILO Internationa Training Compendium on Labour Statistics ILO Step 6 This step provides feedback into assessment, panning and impementation to buid an effective abour statistics system. Practices of dissemination of abour statistics Making avaiabe up-to-date and credibe abour statistics to users wi be the defining criterion by which the system wi be sustainabe. Effective dissemination of abour statistics is an equay important dimension of setting up and managing any abour statistica system. Guideines on Dissemination practices for abour statistics 32

35 Guidance on designing nationa and sectora statistica systems 3B3 Designing agricutura statistica systems: FAO Approach FAOSTAT FAO Statistica Data Quaity Framework: A muti-ayered approach to monitoring and assessment At goba eve, the FAOSTAT Data Quaity Framework was deveoped to monitor data quaity in a points of the internationa data process (from country coection to FAO dissemination). FAOSTAT provides data quaity assurance, monitoring and resources: FAOSTAT Data Quaity Stamp FAOSTAT Data Reease Schedue FAOSTAT Concepts and Definitions FAOSTAT Methodoogy Agricutura Buetin Board on Data Coection (ABCDQ) QUALITY The Data Quaity Stamp is associated with statistica data that meets the foowing quaity criteria: appropriate Metadata is avaiabe for the data series internationa Cassifications are used an update Schedue is provided for the data series the data series provides Goba Coverage the data series in the databases are Integrated within a statistica framework the data series is Up-to-date FAOSTAT/CountrySTAT framework The above framework is used as the reference for the deveopment of CountrySTAT in countries. CountrySTAT is a statistica framework aimed to organise, integrate and disseminate statistica data and metadata on food and agricuture coming from different sources. CountrySTAT gathers and harmonises scattered institutiona statistica information so that information tabes become compatibe with each other at the country eve and with data at the internationa eve. Agricutura Buetin Board on Data Coection (ABCDQ) The Agricutura Buetin Board on Data Coection (ABCDQ) was aso estabished as an important data quaity eement to guide users that might seek information, on the sources and methods of nationa agricutura data coection and dissemination. FAOSTAT metadata Recenty, FAO in coaboration with countries has deveoped a comprehensive framework for periodic assessment of Nationa Systems and Metadata for Food and Agricuture Statistics. Reevant information is coected in countries through questionnaire surveys conducted in preparation of the biennia Sessions of FAO Regiona Commissions for Agricutura Statistics. Mainstreaming sectora statistica systems: A guide to panning a coordinated nationa statistica system. Version