KWS. WP 3.3 QTL for Nit-UE in oilseed rape. University of Göttingen KWS Saat AG. WUR, UAa (Attendance of meetings)

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1 University of Göttingen KWS Saat AG WUR, UAa (Attendance of meetings) KWS WP 3.3 QTL for Nit-UE in oilseed rape Improving N-efficiency in rapeseed KWS 23 April 2007

2 The problem Oilseed rape is the most important oilseed crop in Europe and the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. A very common crop rotation in Germany is oilseed rape-winterwheat-winterbarley

3 The problem Oilseed rape is the most important oilseed crop in Europe and the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. A very common crop rotation in Germany is oilseed rape-winterwheat-winterbarley Yield [t/ha] Protein [%] = kg N/ha rec. fertilizer Oilseed rape Winter wheat Winter barley figures for yield and recommended fertilization from Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen

4 The problem Oilseed rape is the most important oilseed crop in Europe and the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. A very common crop rotation in Germany is oilseed rape-winterwheat-winterbarley Yield [t/ha] Protein [%] = kg N/ha rec. fertilizer Oilseed rape Winter wheat Winter barley figures for yield and recommended fertilization from Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen

5 Grain yield [dt/ha] N Grain yield [dt/ha] N0 Kessel genotypes (resynthesized lines, old and new cultivars), 7 environments

6 Grain yield [dt/ha] N Grain yield [dt/ha] N0 Hybrids Kessel genotypes (resynthesized lines, old and new cultivars), 7 environments

7 54 Grain yield (dt/ha) at high N-level X inefficient, responder inefficient, non-responder X Grain yield (dt/ha) without N supply efficient, responder efficient, non-responder DH-lines Parents Nyikako et al DH lines (Apex x Mohican), 7 environments.

8 Pilot study 20 genotypes (including present and old cultivars and resynthezised lines) were grown in field experiments: 2007/08 (repeated in 2008/09) 2 locations (Göttingen, Einbeck) 2 N-fertilizer levels (0, 200 kg/ha) 2 replicates Identification of genotypes with differences in Nit-UE

9 TASK 1 Develop a mapping population Production of two DH-populations of 100 lines each Genotyping of 200 DH-lines (200 SSR markers, 200 AFLP markers) Production of 200 testcrosses

10 dwarf ms-mother semi-dwarf hybrid normal pollinator

11 TASK 1 Develop a mapping population Production of two DH-populations of 100 lines each Genotyping of 200 DH-lines (200 SSR markers, 200 AFLP markers) Production of 200 testcrosses DH-lines: segregating Dwarf/normal Testcrosses: segregating semi-dwarf/normal

12 TASK 2 Identification of QTL 200 testcrosses grown without N fertilizer application 2 locations (Göttingen, Einbeck) 2 replicates 2 harvest times: end of flowering: total biomass, total N uptake maturity: grain yield, grain N content at both harvest times: size of root system

13 Root system size measured by electrical capacitance (Chloupek 1977) 240 kg/ha N Van Beem et al. 1998

14 TASK 3 Verification of QTL & candidate genes 50 selected testcrosses 2 mineral N-input levels (0, 200 kg/ha) 4 locations 2 replicates 2 harvest times: end of flowering: total biomass, total N uptake maturity: grain yield, grain N content at both harvest times: size of root system

15 The effect of semi-dwarf genes on root system size in field-grown barley Chloupek 0, Forster BP, Thomas WTB (2006) Theor Appl Genet 112: Population of 157 DH lines segregating for two semi-dwarf genes Root system size (RSS) measured by electrical capacitance Five QTL detected for RSS Two of them associated with the semi-dwarf genes The sdw1 gene increases RSS in earlier growth stages whereas the ari-e.gp gene decreases RSS in later stages

16 Heiko Becker, Christian Möllers Frank Breuer, Andreas Gertz UGöt KWS 240 kg/ha N 0 kg/ha N