Technical Standard - TS 303. Power Networks. Substation Design Vermin Control. Published: March 2015

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1 Technical Standard - TS 303 Substation Design Vermin Control Published: March 2015 SA Power Networks Version:1 Issued March 2015 SA Power Networks 2014 Page 1 of 14

2 Revision Notice: Version Date Details Author Authorised 1 Mar 2015 Released L. Gembus J. Ali To obtain an electronic copy of this technical standard document, please click here to get to our website: SA Power Networks: SA Power Networks, ABN , a partnership of: Spark Infrastructure SA (No.1) Pty Ltd, ABN Spark Infrastructure SA (No.2) Pty Ltd, ABN Spark Infrastructure SA (No.3) Pty Ltd, ABN each incorporated in Australia CKI Utilities Development Limited, ABN PAI Utilities Development Limited, ABN each incorporated in The Bahamas 1 Anzac Highway, Keswick, South Australia, SA Power Networks Disclaimer: 1. The use of the information contained in this document is at your sole risk. 2. The Information within this document is subject to change without notice. 3. SA Power Networks, its agents, instrumentalities, officers and employees: 3.1 Make no representations, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information contained within this document; 3.2 Accept no liability for any use of the said information or reliance placed on it; and 3.3 Make no representations, either expressed or implied, as to the suitability of the said information for any particular purpose. 4. SA Power Networks and its agencies and instrumentalities do not endorse or in any respect warrant any third party products or services by virtue of any information, material or content referred to or included on, or linked to this document. SA Power Networks Copyright 2015: This publication is copyright protected. SA Power Networks reserves to itself all rights in such material. You shall not reproduce any content of this document by any process without first obtaining SA Power Networks permission, except as permitted under the Copyright Act All rights reserved. TS 303: Vermin control Version 1 Issued - March 2015 SA Power Networks 2015 Page 2 of 14

3 Contents 1. Purpose Scope Grace Period Design Equipment Selection Cable Optical Fibre Structure Protection Doorways Windows Roof Gutters and Downpipes Ventilation Cable Penetration Yard to Building Yard to Equipment Cable Pits Other Construction Structure Protection Doorways Windows Roof Gutters and Downpipes Cable Trench Cable Pits Asset Protection Structural Integrity Telecommunication Equipment Ventilation Wildlife Guards High Voltage Busbar Insulation Tape Baiting SA Power Networks 2014 Page 3 of 14

4 Appendices Appendix A: Definitions Appendix B: References SA Power Networks 2014 Page 4 of 14

5 1. Purpose This technical standard specifies the requirements that designers and constructors must implement for new and/or upgraded SA Power Networks substations to reduce the impact of vermin on substations and their assets. It also outlines the steps that are to be taken to restore damaged asset within the substation. 2. Scope This technical standard is applicable for all parties involved in the design and construction of substation buildings and yard work. The Electricity Act 1996 and Electricity (General) Regulations 2012, other statutory authority requirements and relevant AS/NZS standards are the basis of TS Grace Period The maximum grace period acceptable for implementation of this technical standard is 3 months from the date of publication. 1. All projects that are not in receipt of Specification Compliance at the revised date of issue for this technical standard shall have the latest requirements incorporated. For more information on how to obtain Specification Compliance, and contact details, please refer to SA Power Networks Information Brochure NICC 401: Information on network design installation by an external contractor. 2. This is applicable to both the design and construction phases of the project. 3. The validity period for Specification Compliance is 60 days. 4. Any specification change after the validity period (without a documented exemption) shall be incorporated into the design and construction of our infrastructure. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 5 of 14

6 4. Design To reduce the ability of vermin to cause damage in the substation yard, steps can be taken during the design stage to make entry from the external environment into equipment in the switchyard and buildings difficult. The number of methods required to be implemented from this Technical Standard shall be determined by Network Management through the use of an appropriate risk assessment. A general aspect to consider when designing is to avoid creating unnecessary warm, dry spaces within the substation. For the risk assessment of a cable s application and environment, they can be categorised in to the following groups, which describe what is likely to occur if the cable were damaged. Safe A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) poses no immediate risk to the safety of people/ equipment or to the continuity of supply. Unsafe A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) poses a risk to the safety of people/ equipment or to the continuity of supply. Revealed A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) can be detected immediately/ eventually or known of, when it gets damaged. Unrevealed A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) cannot be detected immediately/ eventually or known of, when it gets damaged. 4.1 Equipment Selection Cable Detailed cable requirements are covered in TS 333. In summary, the cables can be categorised as below: Cable Type Multi-core control cables Power cables Signal cables Optical fibre Use CT, VT and 110 DC control circuits (outdoor use) 400/ 230 V AC circuits and mains DC supplies (outdoor use) SCADA Monitoring and supervisory control Operational and business services (SCADA, protection signalling, substation telephony) All cables that fall into the unsafe categories shall be protected with copper tape or other approved method. All cables within these categories installed within the switchyard without copper tape are to be installed in either rigid PVC sub-duct conduit (as per TS-201) or flexible corrugated nylon conduits where the cables are installed within the cable pits and/or cable ducts. The flexible conduit is to extend into the equipment access conduit by 200 mm to 300 mm via an appropriate gland or cable penetration system (refer section 4.2.6). Local wiring within equipment, inter panel wiring and internal building light and power is exempt from this requirement. White electrical cabling (building grade) is banned from being used as control or signal cables. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 6 of 14

7 4.1.2 Optical Fibre 4.2 Structure Protection Generally, optical fibre cables with critical services (i.e. Protection Signalling) are designed with high availability and geographically diverse redundancy. There are two types of fibre cables within the yard: Overhead optic fibre cables that have a Kevlar coating Loose tube optical fibre contained in trenches If a site is considered high risk from the risk assessment, consider utilising optical fibres with glass reinforced plastic rod (GRP) armour Doorways 1. Install a RP3 weather strip (Raven door seal or equivalent) externally to all control room doors or RP60 to double doors. 2. Where required, install an internal RP5 (Raven door seal or equivalent) to the internal side of control room doors Windows Roof Where the building has louver windows, a suitable secure fly screen cover manufactured from stainless steel or brass flywire shall be installed. The screen design must include secure fixings requiring tools for removal to eliminate all possible rodent access. To ensure that roosting and/or resting places are minimised, implement the following: 1. All eaves are fitted with soffit linings, totally enclosing the ceiling space. 2. All hips and valleys are fitted with suitable flashing Gutters and Downpipes The building design must consider all potential access to rodents including access to the roof via down pipes and gutters. Rodents are capable of crawling up inside vertical pipes as small as 38 mm in diameter and as large as 66 mm in diameter. In addition, they can climb the outside of vertical conduits that are up to 76 mm in diameter, climb the outside of vertical conduits of any size if within 76 mm of a wall and jump 600mm vertically and approximately 1,000 mm horizontally, thus making rodent proofing of our buildings a significant challenge. Once rodents have made it to the roof, access is generally provided via fluting in the corrugated roof sheeting. Alternatives to corrugated roof sheeting which provide restrictive access should be considered Ventilation Where ventilation is required of the roof space and/or roof cavities, suitable galvanised steel vents are to be used. The vents are to be designed with openings less than 130 mm Cable Penetration To ensure that there is an impassable entry for vermin where cables enter the building from the yard, there must be a suitable cable sealing solution. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 7 of 14

4.2.6.1 Yard to Building Seal conduit/ pipe access with the use of firestop cushions CP 651N-M (300 x 80 x 30mm) and mortar. Depth of mortar to be between 30 mm and 50 mm.

Fill conduits with firestop cushion and cap with mortar mix and utilise gland plates 4.2.6.

side of the enclosure. For cables that enter control boxes within a conduit, ensure that the conduit extends 20

For any drainage pipes that are installed to remove water from the pit, these must have stainless steel mesh installed over the pipes to eliminate another possible vermin

8 Yard to Building Seal conduit/ pipe access with the use of firestop cushions CP 651N-M (300 x 80 x 30mm) and mortar. Depth of mortar to be between 30 mm and 50 mm. For entry into the building, a gland plate is to be utilised to ensure a tight seal into the building. Fill conduits with firestop cushion and cap with mortar mix and utilise gland plates Yard to Equipment For cables that enter into cabinets or control boxes, there must be a gland installed to ensure that there is a tight seal between the cable and the side of the enclosure. For cables that enter control boxes within a conduit, ensure that the conduit extends 200mm 300mm into the control box Cable Pits Other Conduits entering control boxes It is required that the walls of the pit are structurally sound. For any drainage pipes that are installed to remove water from the pit, these must have stainless steel mesh installed over the pipes to eliminate another possible vermin access point. Ensure that holes for conduits are cored into the pit. Ensure that any other opening that lead to cable trenches or pits are properly sealed until required for use. Note: For existing infrastructure, it is permissible to use expandable foam to fill gaps. Where exposed to sunlight, the foam shall be painted with a suitable outdoor paint. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 8 of 14

5. Construction In addition to the design, it is just as important that appropriate construction considerations are implemented to reduce the likelihood of vermin entering substation buildings and

The maximum gap between the bottom of the door leaf and the adjacent floor covering is less than 10 mm. 2.

9 5. Construction In addition to the design, it is just as important that appropriate construction considerations are implemented to reduce the likelihood of vermin entering substation buildings and duct work. 5.1 Structure Protection Doorways Install appropriate weather strips as described in section and ensure the door leaf is installed correctly so that: 1. The maximum gap between the bottom of the door leaf and the adjacent floor covering is less than 10 mm. 2. In the closed position, the maximum gap between the leaf and the head, and between the leaf and each stile, is no more than 3mm Windows Roof For any buildings that contain windows, ensure that the windows are secure within the structure without any gaps surrounding the frame and that all panes of glass are undamaged. For louver windows a suitable secure fly screen cover manufactured from stainless steel or brass flywire shall be installed. The screen design must include secure fixings requiring tools for removal. To ensure that roosting and/or resting places are minimised, implement the following: 1. All eaves are fitted with soffit linings, totally enclosing the ceiling space. 2. All hips and valleys are fitted with suitable flashing Gutters and Downpipes All vertical conduits and downpipes are to be greater than 76mm away from the building walls Cable Trench 1. Ensure that the walls of the trench are structurally sound void from cracks, chips and voids. The checker plates that are laid onto the lip of the trench should fit snugly against the top of the concrete plinth. There should not be any openings between the lip of the trench and the edge of the checker plate. 2. Cap all unused conduits and/or pipe penetrations (including telecommunication fibre conduits) to remove all possible locations for rodent access. This can be done at the building end. Cap/ plug spare conduit access SA Power Networks 2014 Page 9 of 14

Where larger openings are required to be sealed, the 300 x 170 x 30 mm fire-stop cushions may be used. Seal the following: All conduit access from the cable trenches into equipment.

10 Where larger openings are required to be sealed, the 300 x 170 x 30 mm fire-stop cushions may be used. Seal the following: All conduit access from the cable trenches into equipment. All conduit access between all cable pits and trenches. All telecommunication fibre conduits including spare conduits. Cable access between cable pit (adjacent control room) and the control room Cable Pits 5.2 Asset Protection For any drainage pipes that are installed to remove water from the pit, these must have stainless steel mesh installed over the pipes to eliminate another possible vermin access point. Seal conduit/ cable access ways using firestop cushions and mortar seal (see section 4.2.6) Ensure that holes for conduits are cored into the pit. Cable access way viewed from interior of control building There is the ability for animals to climb on equipment contained within the yard and to breach clearances. The following steps can be implemented to reduce the likelihood of animals breaching clearances. The level of protection will be address in a risk assessment completed by Network Management. As a general case, avoid creating dry, sheltered and warm areas in which vermin may congregate Structural Integrity For any cabinets, cubicles, enclosed spaces or equipment in the yard, in which vermin could inhabit, ensure that the enclosure is structurally intact. This includes, but is not limited to: Ensure that all doors, latches and any other movable sections of the structure sit correctly against the main body. Ensure that all seals are in proper condition SA Power Networks 2014 Page 10 of 14

5.2.2 Telecommunication Equipment For fibre termination units, ensure that vermin proof units are ordered from the supplier. All overhead cable ducts shall have matching lids installed.

11 5.2.2 Telecommunication Equipment For fibre termination units, ensure that vermin proof units are ordered from the supplier. All overhead cable ducts shall have matching lids installed. External cable access into the overhead cable duct shall be sealed to prevent vermin access Ventilation For cabinets that have venting, ensure that brass flywire mesh is installed on the inside of the door over all vents Wildlife Guards Wildlife, cats and birds can cause outages on outdoor equipment. To protect both the animal and supply, a wildlife guard to be installed on equipment or lines after being determined by a risk assessment. The guards shall be installed on the second highest skirt on the insulator as per E0301, Sheet 3. Wildlife guard installed on insulator SA Power Networks 2014 Page 11 of 14

5.2.5 High Voltage Busbar Insulation Tape 5.2.6 Baiting For locations where skirts cannot be installed (or in addition to guards for more

Live sections covered with insulation tape The types of baits to be used, where they are to be used and inspection cycle requirements shall

12 5.2.5 High Voltage Busbar Insulation Tape Baiting For locations where skirts cannot be installed (or in addition to guards for more protection), high voltage busbar insulating tape can be installed on exposed live sections. For further detail, see E0303, sheet 8. Live sections covered with insulation tape The types of baits to be used, where they are to be used and inspection cycle requirements shall be identified in the risk assessment. Please contact the Substation Works Coordinator for further information. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 12 of 14

13 Appendices Appendix A: Definitions AC AS or AS/NZS Busbar Conduit CT DC Firestop Cushion High Voltage PVC Revealed Safe SCADA Should Substation Unrevealed Unsafe VT Vermin Alternating Current Australian Standard, followed by a number, or AS/NZS or Australian/New Zealand Standard followed by a number, is a reference to the standard published by Standards Australia as in force from time to time Rigid Bus; typically of solid or hollow metal, of circular or rectangular cross-sectional shape; refer IEC IEV number Conduits are PVC or HDPE tubes the primary purpose of which is to protect an underground cable from physical or water damage. Current transformer Direct Current Packages containing fire stopping material that are stacked upon one another to provide passive fire stopping ability in holes in walls or floors. Electricity at a voltage exceeding 1,000 volts alternating current (ac) or 1,500 volts direct current (dc) Polyvinyl Chloride A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) can be detected immediately/ eventually or known of, when it gets damaged. A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) poses no immediate risk to the safety of people/ equipment or to the continuity of supply. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Provides Real-time monitoring and control software which allows the NOC to remotely manage and control the network. Is to be interpreted as advisory or discretionary or recommendation. A switchyard, terminal station or place at which high voltage supply is converted, switched or transformed. A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) cannot be detected or known of when it gets damaged. A condition where a damaged cable (open circuited) poses a risk to the safety of people/ equipment or to the continuity of supply. Voltage Transformer Pests or nuisance animals that threaten the security of supply. SA Power Networks 2014 Page 13 of 14

14 Appendix B: References The following listed documents are for additional information but may not be a conclusive list and other documentation may be required on a project specific basis. Refer to the following SA legislative acts and regulations, SA Electricity Code, SA Power Networks publications, relevant AS/NZS and ENA standards for more detail. Please note: It is your responsibility to ensure you have complied with all relevant standards and that you have used the latest version. South Australian Legislation: SA Electricity Act 1996 Electricity (General) Regulations 2012 WH&S Act and Regulations 2012 Standards Australia Publications: AS Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures, Part 4: Fire-resistance tests of elements of construction AS SAA Lift Code; Part 11: Fire-rated landing doors AS Components for the protection of openings in fire-resistant walls; Part 1: Fire-resistant door sets Other Publications: Building Code of Australia, Volume 1 Rodent Control in Piggeries CSIRO The Control of Rats with Rodenticides: A Complete Guide To Best Practise Natural England SA Power Networks 2014 Page 14 of 14

2003 International Residential Code ELECTRICAL PROVISIONS ONLY October 2005 EDITORIAL CHANGES SEVENTH PRINTING

2003 International Residential Code ELECTRICAL PROVISIONS ONLY October 2005 EDITORIAL CHANGES SEVENTH PRINTING E3305.3: now reads The space equal to the width and depth of the panelboard and extending