I. SCOPE, APPLICABILITY AND PARAMETERS

Transcription

1 Approved VCS Module VMD0006 Verson 1.0 REDD Mehodologcal Module: Esmaon of baselne carbon sock changes and greenhouse gas emssons from planned deforesaon (BL-PL) I. SCOPE, APPLICABILITY AND PARAMETERS Scope Ths module allows for esmang GHG emssons relaed o planned deforesaon 1 n he baselne case. The module assesses GHG emssons whn he projec area for he baselne perod. Applcably The module s applcable for esmang he baselne emssons on fores lands (usually prvaely or governmen owned) ha are legally auhorzed and documened o be convered o nonfores land. Where pos-deforesaon land use consues reforesaon hs module shall no be used. Where, pre-projec, unsusanable fuelwood collecon s occurrng whn he projec boundares modules BL-DFW and LK-DFW shall be used o deermne poenal leakage Avodng planned deforesaon (APD): reduces GHG emssons by soppng deforesaon on fores lands ha are legally auhorzed and documened o be convered o non-fores land, and enhances carbon sock of degraded and secondary foress (f presen n he projec area) ha would be deforesed n he absence of he REDD projec acvy. Ths REDD pracce can occur n degraded o maure foress a he fores froner or n he fores mosac confguraon. (from he applcable VCS AFOLU requremens). Where a projec clams no fuelwood collecon was occurrng hs shall be evdenced hrough a PRA process. Where fuelwood collecon s clamed o be susanable, he followng crera mus n he absence of he projec be me: a. The land area remans a fores; and b. Susanable managemen pracces are underaken on hese land areas o ensure, n parcular, ha he level of carbon socks on hese land areas does no sysemacally decrease over me (carbon socks may emporarly decrease due o harves); and c. Any naonal or regonal foresry and naure conservaon regulaons are compled wh.

2 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 Parameers Ths module provdes procedures o deermne he followng parameer: Parameer SI Un Descrpon ΔC BSL,planned -CO 2 -e Ne greenhouse gas emssons n he baselne from planned deforesaon II. PROCEDURE The baselne ne GHG emssons for planned deforesaon wll be deermned as: * M D% planned,, * Aplanned, * L D CBSL, GHGBSL E,, C (1) BSL, planned * 1 1 Where: ΔC BSL,planned Ne greenhouse gas emssons n he baselne from planned deforesaon; CO 2 - e D% planned,, Projeced annual proporon of land ha wll be deforesed n sraum durng year. If acual annual proporon s known and documened (e.g. 25% per year for 4 years), se o proporon; f no known, use Eq. 2 o calculae; % A planned,, Toal area of planned deforesaon over he baselne perod for sraum ; ha L-D Lkelhood of deforesaon for sraum ; % ΔC BSL, Ne carbon sock changes n all pools n he baselne sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 GHG BSL-E,, Greenhouse gas emssons as a resul of deforesaon acves whn he projec boundary n he baselne sraum durng projec year ; CO 2 -e year -1 1, 2, 3, M sraa 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed snce he projeced sar of he REDD projec acvy Par 1. Calculang annual area of land deforesed 1.1 Idenfy he agen of planned deforesaon n each baselne sraum Ths defnon follows he CDM: EB 23, Annex 18 Addonal emsson reducons canno be clamed for applcaon of BL-DFW whn he boundares as defned n BL-PL. BL-PL - 2

3 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 In he smples scenaro he agen s an already defned ndvdual, organzaon or corporaon. If he agen s no ye defned (.e. he Governmen or an alernave agen currenly conrols he land and he exac agens of deforesaon are ye o be deermned bu wll have governmen sancon) hen he mos lkely class of deforesaon agens shall be denfed. Examples of deforesaon agen classes nclude: Enes (ndvduals, companes, assocaons) praccng smlar deforesaon pracces and pos deforesaon land use pracces such as: o Agrbusnesses mplemenng ndusral scale agrculure o Large scale agrculuralss praccng farmng on parcels larger han 500 ha o Ehnc or relgous groups pursung large scale agrculure Indvduals or enes mplemenng specfc legal land use regulaon(s) The selecon of class of agen mus be jusfed hrough srafcaon of he regon and demonsraon wh hsorcal records ha he denfed class of agen s he mos common purchaser of smlar lands n he denfed sraa. Srafcaon shall follow he followng gudance and procedures: Sraa mus be spaally dscree and defned on he bass of fores carbon socks. Sraa shall reflec bophyscal parameers relang o fores producvy, and acvy-drven parameers relang o dsnc converson pracces. Illusrave parameers nclude: Bophyscal parameers a. Sol ype b. Elevaon c. Precpaon regme d. Temperaure e. Slope and aspec f. Tree speces composon g. Age class/dsurbance hsory h. Sand densy Acvy-relaed parameers a. Dsance o ransporaon neworks (roads, rvers) b. Dsance o deforesed land or fores edge c. Dsance o owns and vllages BL-PL - 3

4 VMD0006, Verson Area of deforesaon A planned, For all nsances of planned deforesaon REDD projecs, here mus be an mmedae sespecfc hrea of deforesaon. The hrea mus be concree and would lead o deforesaon whn a defned perod of me. Ths hrea mus be demonsraed by documenary proof of he followng: Legal permssbly for deforesaon 3 ; Suably of projec area for converson o alernave non-fores land use 4 ; If applcable, evdence of lkely ransfer of ownershp o baselne agen of deforesaon or class of agen of deforesaon mus be demonsraed by one of he followng forms of evdence orgnang pror o he dae of all evdence on pursu of carbon fnance/consderaon of REDD: o Bona fde bddng process for he projec area ha reflecs value of he area and wh he expressed nen o defores; o Purchase offer of he projec area by an eny ha s clearly dedcaed o agrculural, grazng or urban developmen acves; o Oher evdence ha conrol of he projec area would have been ransferred o he baselne agen or class of agens n he absence of he projec; If governmen approval s requred for deforesaon o occur, he nenon o defores whn he projec area mus be demonsraed by evdence: o Recen approval from relevan governmen deparmen (local o naonal) for converson of fores o an alernave land use; or o Documenaon ha a reques for approval has be fled wh he relevan governmen deparmen for permsson o defores and conver o alernave land use; Inen o defores 5 nenon o defores mus be demonsraed by he followng form of evdence orgnang pror o he dae of all evdence on pursu of carbon fnance/consderaon of REDD: o Where deforesaon s by an denfed class of agens: A documened hsory (for example governmen daa or maps) of smlar planned deforesaon acves by class of agens, of planned deforesaon whn he fve years prevous o whou-projec deforesaon Permssbly shall be wh reference o relevan laws and legal requremens. When consderng legal permssbly he area of allowed deforesaon shall be consdered relave o oal propery areas ncludng areas already deforesed. Suably should nclude accessbly o relevan markes, suably of sols, opography and clmae. Inen o defores by baselne agen of deforesaon BL-PL - 4

5 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 o Where a specfc baselne agen has been denfed: Eher a vald and verfable land use managemen plan for deforesng he projec area, or a documened hsory (for example governmen daa or maps) of smlar planned deforesaon acves by he baselne agen of planned deforesaon whn he fve years prevous o whou-projec deforesaon. The proporon of he oal parcel area planned o be deforesed canno exceed he legal mandae unless common pracce n a proxy area shows ha he mandaes are no enforced. 1.3 Rae of deforesaon D% planned,, The mehodology requres knowledge of he rae (area deforesed per year) a whch he planned areas wll be deforesed o gve an area per sraum () per year () hrough he projec perod. Where a vald verfable plan exss for rae a whch deforesaon s projeced o occur, hs rae shall be used. If no verfable plan exss, he rae shall be esablshed by examnng proxy areas. Proxy areas may or may no be under he managemen of he projec area s baselne agen of deforesaon or class of deforesaon agens 6. A mnmum of 6 proxy areas shall be ncluded. The followng crera for applcably of proxy areas for deermnaon of deforesaon rae mus be me: 1. Land converson pracces shall be he same as hose used by he baselne agen or class of agen 2. The pos-deforesaon land use shall be he same n he proxy areas as expeced n he projec area under busness as usual 3. The proxy areas shall have he same managemen and land use rghs ype as he proposed projec area under busness as usual 4. If suable ses exs hey shall be n he mmedae area of he projec; f an nsuffcen number of ses exss n he mmedae area of he projec, ses shall be denfed elsewhere n he same counry as he projec; f an nsuffcen number of ses exss n he counry, ses shall be denfed n neghborng counres 5. Agens of deforesaon n proxy areas mus have deforesed her land under he same crera ha he projec lands mus follow (legally permssble and suable for converson see secon 1.1 above). 6. Deforesaon n he proxy area shall have occurred whn he 10 years pror o he baselne perod. 6 Noe he dfference beween baselne deforesaon on proxy lands, ha may or may no be managed by he agen/class of deforesaon, and baselne deforesaon n Module LK-ASP WoPR, whch s on land specfcally managed by he agen/class of deforesaon. BL-PL - 5

6 7. The hree followng condons shall be me: VMD0006, Verson 1.0 The fores ypes surroundng he proxy area or n he proxy area pror o deforesaon shall be n he same proporon as n he projec area (±20%). Sol ypes ha are suable for he land-use pracce used by he agen of deforesaon n he projec area mus be presen n he proxy area n he same proporon as he projec area (±20%). The rao of slope classes genle (slope <15%) o seep (slope 15%) n he proxy areas shall be (±20%) he same of he rao n he projec area. Elevaon classes (500m classes) n he proxy area shall be n he same proporon as n he projec area (±20%). The proxy area wll be used o esmae an average proporon of land ha s cleared each year, hus a suffcen number of parcels are needed o be represenave of he common pracce n he proxy area, and hence also n he projec area. Examnaon of proxy areas may be hrough orgnal daa collecon (feld measuremens and/or remoe sensng analyss) or where approprae use of drecly applcable exsng daa generaed from credble sources. The annual deforesaon would be calculaed wh Equaon 2: * n D % pn Yrs pn pn D 1 % planned,, n (2) Where: D% planned,, Projeced annual proporon of land ha wll be deforesed n sraum durng year. If acual annual proporon s known and documened (e.g. 25% per year for 4 years), se o proporon; % D% pn Percen of deforesaon n land parcel 7 pn ec of a proxy area as a resul of planned deforesaon as defned n hs module; % Yrs pn, n pn Number of years over whch deforesaon occurred n land parcel pn n proxy area; years Toal number of land parcels examned 1, 2, 3, n * land parcels examned n proxy area 1, 2, 3, M sraa 7 Parcels are a un of land area. A sraum may conan many parcels. BL-PL - 6

7 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 If no proxy area exss under he same land use managemen/rghs ype, hen represenave areas under dfferen land use rgh ypes shall be examned and documenaon mus be provded esablshng ha he lands are represenave. 1.4 Lkelhood of deforesaon L-D Where fores areas are under governmen conrol and he areas have been zoned for deforesaon, a suable represenave sample of smlar zoned areas mus be examned o defne he lkelhood of deforesaon occurrng. The lkelhood (L-D ) wll be equal o he proporon of smlarly zoned proxy areas deforesed whn he prevous fve years whn he approprae sraum. The crera for selecon of proxy areas s gven n Secon 1.2. For all oher planned deforesaon areas (.e. areas no boh under governmen conrol and zoned for deforesaon), L-D shall be equal o 100%. 1.5 Rsk of abandonmen Idenfy a mnmum of 5 proxy areas 8 deforesed by he same class of deforesaon agen 9 a leas en years prevously. If any of he proxy areas have been abandoned o fores regrowh hen he planned deforesaon acvy s no elgble and hs module shall no be used. Par 2. Baselne carbon socks 10 The ne carbon sock changes n he baselne s equal o he baselne pre-deforesaon sock mnus he long-erm carbon sock afer deforesaon and mnus he baselne sock ha s harvesed and sored long-erm n wood producs. (3) C BSL, C BSL, C BSL, pos, C BSL, wp, Where: ΔC BSL, Ne carbon sock changes n all pools n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BSL, Carbon sock n all pools n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BSL,pos, Carbon sock n all pools n he baselne pos-deforesaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BSL,WP, Carbon sock sequesered n wood producs n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha See Par 1.2 for crera for accepable proxy areas See Par 1.1; f he agen s an already defned ndvdual, organzaon or corporaon denfy he class of agen he agen belongs o Sock esmaes shall occur for he pools defned hrough he framework module REDD-MF BL-PL - 7

8 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 1, 2, 3, M sraa For calculaon of carbon sock sequesered n wood producs, see he Module Esmaon of carbon socks and changes n carbon socks n he harvesed wood producs carbon pool n REDD projec acves (CP-W). Wh regard o emssons, nsead of rackng annual emssons hrough burnng and/or decomposon, hs mehodology employs he smplfyng assumpon ha all carbon socks are emed n he year deforesed and ha no socks are permanenly sequesered (beyond 100 years afer deforesaon). Ths assumpon apples regardless of wheher burnng s employed as par of he fores converson process or as par of pos converson land use acves. 2.1 Fores carbon socks C BSL, C AB _ ree, CBB _ ree, C AB _ non ree, CBB _ nonree, CDW, CLI, CSOC, (4) Where: C BSL, Carbon sock n all pools n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C AB_ree, Carbon sock n aboveground bomass n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BB_ree, Carbon sock n belowground bomass n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C AB_non-ree, Carbon sock n aboveground non-ree vegeaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BB_non-ree, Carbon sock n belowground non-ree vegeaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C DW, Carbon sock n dead wood n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C LI, Carbon sock n ler n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C SOC, Carbon sock n sol organc carbon n he baselne n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 1, 2, 3, M sraa Carbon pools excluded from he projec can be accouned as zero. For he deermnng whch carbon pools mus be ncluded n he calculaons as a mnmum, see ool T-SIG and he framework module REDD-MF. 2.2 Pos-deforesaon carbon socks Pos-deforesaon carbon socks should be he long-erm average socks on he land followng deforesaon. Pos-deforesaon carbon socks can be measured n proxy areas or values may be aken from credble and represenave leraure sources (e.g. he peer-revewed leraure or daa publshed by he IPCC or he FAO). Where socks accumulae hrough me he ulmae BL-PL - 8

9 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 (hghes) sock shall be used and where socks are n a cycle 11 he mean sock across he cycle shall be used. C C C C C C C C (5) BSL, pos, AB _ ree, BB _ ree, AB _ nonree, BB _ nonree, DW, LI, SOC, PDBSL, Where: C BSL,pos, Carbon sock n all pools n he baselne pos-deforesaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C AB_ree, Carbon sock n aboveground ree bomass n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BB_ree, Carbon sock n belowground ree bomass n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C AB_non-ree, Carbon sock n aboveground non-ree vegeaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C BB_non-ree, Carbon sock n belowground non-ree vegeaon n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C DW, Carbon sock n dead wood n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C LI, Carbon sock n ler n sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 C SOC,PD-BSL, Mean pos-deforesaon sock n sol organc carbon n he pos deforesaon sraum ; CO 2 -e ha -1 1, 2, 3, M sraa Carbon pools excluded from he projec can be accouned as zero. Herbaceous non-ree vegeaon s consdered o be de mnms n all nsances. For he deermnaon whch carbon pools mus be ncluded n he calculaons as a mnmum, see ool T-SIG and he Framework module REDD-MF. Par 3. Greenhouse gas emssons The GHG emssons n he baselne whn he projec boundary shall be esmaed as: GHG BSL, E,, EFC,, EBomassBurn,, N2Odrec N,, (6) Where: GHG BSL,E Greenhouse gas emssons as a resul deforesaon acves whn he projec boundary n he sraum n year ; CO 2 -e E FC,, Emsson from fossl fuel combuson n sraum n year ; CO 2 -e E BomassBurn,, Non-CO 2 emssons due o bomass burnng n sraum n year ; CO 2 -e N 2 O drec-n,, Drec N 2 O emsson as a resul of nrogen applcaon on he alernave land use whn he projec boundary n sraum n year ; CO 2 -e 11 Examples nclude fallow-based agrculural sysems (ncludng slash and burn) BL-PL - 9

10 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 1, 2, 3, M sraa 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed snce he sar of he REDD VCS projec acvy For he calculaon of E FC,,, E BomassBurn,, and N 2 O drec-n,, he VCS-approved Modules Esmang emssons from fossl fuel combuson n REDD projec acves (E-FFC), Esmang non-co 2 emssons from bomass burnng n REDD projec acves (E-BB) and he laes A/R CDM ool Esmaon of drec nrous oxde emsson from nrogen ferlzaon 12 (E-NA) shall be used. For he deermnaon whch sources of emssons mus be ncluded n he calculaons as a mnmum, see ool T-SIG and he framework module REDD-MF. Par 4. Frequency of baselne renewal The baselne mus be revsed every en years for ongong planned deforesaon. III. DATA AND PARAMETERS NOT MONITORED (DEFAULT OR MEASURED FOR BASELINE REVISION) Daa un: Used n equaons: 1 Descrpon: Source of daa: Measuremen procedures (f any): A planned, Ha Toal area of planned deforesaon over he fxed baselne perod for sraum GPS coordnaes and/or Remoe Sensng daa and/or legal parcel records N/A D% planned,, Daa un: % year -1 Used n equaons: 1,2 Descrpon: Projeced annual proporon of land ha wll be deforesed n sraum a year 12 hp://cdm.unfccc.n/eb/033/eb33_repan16.pdf BL-PL - 10

11 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 Source of daa: Measuremen procedures (f any): Analyss of Remoe Sensng daa and/or legal records for a number of proxy areas N/A Shall be revsed a he me of baselne revson L-D, Daa un: % Used n equaons: 1 Descrpon: Source of daa: Measuremen procedures (f any): Lkelhood of deforesaon n sraum Analyss of Remoe Sensng daa and/or legal records for a number of proxy areas N/A For all areas no boh under Governmen conrol and zoned for deforesaon, L-D shall be equal o 1 For areas under Governmen conrol and zoned for deforesaon L-D shall be calculaed as he summed proxy areas n he approprae sraum dvded by he areas whn hese proxy areas ha has been deforesed whn he prevous fve years. Shall be revsed a he me of baselne revson IV. PARAMETERS ORIGINATING IN OTHER MODULES C AB_ree, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n aboveground bomass n rees n he baselne n sraum CP-AB BL-PL - 11

12 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 C BB_ree, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n belowground bomass n rees n he baselne n sraum CP-AB C AB_nonree,, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n aboveground non-ree vegeaon n he baselne n sraum CP-AB Herbaceous vegeaon consdered de mnms n all nsances C BB_nonree,, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n belowground non-ree vegeaon n he baselne n sraum CP-AB Herbaceous vegeaon consdered de mnms n all nsances C DW, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n dead wood n he baselne n sraum CP-W BL-PL - 12

13 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 C LI, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n ler n he baselne n sraum CP-L C SOC, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Carbon sock n sol organc carbon n he baselne n sraum CP-S C SOC,PD-BSL, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 5 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Mean pos-deforesaon sock n sol organc carbon n he pos deforesaon sraum CP-S C WP, Daa un: CO 2 -e ha -1 Used n equaons: 4,5 Descrpon: Carbon sock n wood producs n he baselne n sraum BL-PL - 13

14 VMD0006, Verson 1.0 orgnaes n: CP-W E BomassBurn,, Daa un: CO 2 -e Used n equaons: 6 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Non-CO 2 emssons due o bomass burnng n sraum n year E-BB E FC, Daa un: CO 2 -e Used n equaons: 6 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Emsson from fossl fuel combuson n sraum n year E-FFC N 2 O drec-n,, Daa un: CO 2 -e Used n equaons: 6 Descrpon: orgnaes n: Drec N 2 O emsson as a resul of nrogen applcaon on he alernave land use whn he projec boundary n sraum n year E-NA BL-PL - 14