Estimation of emissions from displacement of fuelwood extraction (LK DFW)

Transcription

1 Esimaion of emissions from displacemen of fuelwood exracion (LK DFW) I. SCOPE, APPLICABILITY AND PARAMETERS Scope This module allows for esimaing GHG emissions caused by aciviy shifing leakage for projecs avoiding degradaion from fuelwood collecion and charcoal producion. Applicabiliy The module is applicable for esimaing leakage emissions due o aciviy shifing for projecs avoiding degradaion from fuelwood collecion and charcoal producion. Where fuelwood is colleced or charcoal is produced for sale in regional or naional marke, marke effecs leakage mus be also considered using Module LK ME. Parameers This module provides procedures o deermine he following parameer: Parameer SI Uni Descripion C LK AS,degrad FW/C CO 2 e Ne greenhouse gas emissions due o aciviy shifing leakage for degradaion caused by exracion of wood for fuel II. PROCEDURE Demonsrably renewable woody biomass (DRB) Biomass 1 is renewable if one of he following five condiions applies: 1. The biomass is originaing from land areas ha are foress 2 where: a. The land area remains a fores; and 1 2 This definiion follows he CDM: EB 23, Annex 18 Foress can include fuelwood planaions. Where new planaions are insalled hey shall be included as a linked AR projec.

2 b. Susainable managemen pracices are underaken on hese land areas o ensure, in paricular, ha he level of carbon socks on hese land areas does no sysemaically decrease over ime (carbon socks may emporarily decrease due o harves); and c. Any naional or regional foresry and naure conservaion regulaions are complied wih. 2. The biomass is woody biomass and originaes from croplands and/or grasslands where: a. The land area remains cropland and/or grassland or is revered o fores; and b. Susainable managemen pracices are underaken on hese land areas o ensure, in paricular, ha he level of carbon socks on hese land areas does no sysemaically decrease over ime (carbon socks may emporarily decrease due o harves); and c. Any naional or regional foresry and naure conservaion regulaions are complied wih. 3. The biomass is non woody biomass and originaes from croplands and/or grasslands where: a. The land area remains cropland and/or grassland or is revered o fores; and b. Susainable managemen pracices are underaken on hese land areas o ensure, in paricular, ha he level of carbon socks on hese land areas does no sysemaically decrease over ime (carbon socks may emporarily decrease due o harves); and c. Any naional or regional foresry and naure conservaion regulaions are complied wih. 4. The biomass is biomass residue 3 and he use of ha biomass residue in he projec aciviy does no involve a decrease of carbon pools, in paricular dead wood, lier or soil organic carbon, on he land areas from which he biomass residues are originaing. For example, if bagasse from sugar producion would in he absence of a projec be dumped or lef o decay and is used for energy generaion under a REDD projec scenario, i can be assumed ha he use of he bagasse does no affec he sugar cane culivaion pracices and hence he carbon pools of he respecive soils. In conras, where a REDD projec involves he collecion of dead wood from a fores, which would no be colleced in he absence of he REDD projec aciviy, he exraced biomass canno be regarded as renewable, since i would resul in a decrease of carbon socks. 5. The biomass is he non fossil fracion of an indusrial or municipal wase. Oherwise, where none of hese condiions applies, he biomass is considered as nonrenewable biomass (NRB). 3 Biomass residue is defined as biomass by producs, residues and wase sreams from agriculure, foresry and relaed indusries LK DFW 2

3 Calculaion of Emissions due o Aciviy Shifing Leakage Sep 1: For each monioring period, esimae he average annual amoun of demonsrably renewable biomass colleced (in Mg) and he volume of fuelwood colleced in he projec area (if any). The baseline rae of fuelwood collecion minus his wih projec rae and he demonsrably renewable biomass gives an esimae of he non renewable biomass harvesed as a resul of implemening he projec aciviy. Esimaes shall be obained hrough a Paricipaory Rural Appraisal (PRA). M NRB i1 Where: NRB FG BSL, i, FG 0.9 PA, i, * D mn DRB Non renewable biomass gahered for fuel and/or charcoal producion as a resul of projec implemenaion a ime ; d.m. FG BSL,i, Average projeced volume of wood gahered in he projec area for fuel and/or charcoal producion in he baseline scenario in sraum i in year ; m 3 (from Module BL DFW) FG PA,i, Volume of fuelwood gahered in he projec area from sraum i a ime ; m 3 DRB Demonsrably renewable biomass colleced a ime ; d.m. D mn Mean wood densiy of commercially harvesed species; d.m.m 3 CF Carbon fracion of dry maer; C. d.m. 1 i 1, 2, 3 M sraa in he baseline scenario 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed since he projeced sar of he REDD projec aciviy (1) Sep 2: Leakage of greenhouse gas emissions due o displacemen of fuelwood collecion shall be esimaed as follows: GHG LK, E, NRBb * GHG E, FACTOR (2) GHGBSL, E GHGE, FACTOR (3) FG * D 0.9 BSL mn FG * M BSL FG BSL, i, 1 i1 (4) LK DFW 3

4 Where: GHG LK,E, GHG E,FACTOR GHG BSL,E NRB FG BSL Greenhouse gas emissions as a resul of he leakage of fuelwood collecion aciviies; CO 2 e Greenhouse gas emissions relaive o biomass gahered as a resul of leakage of fuelwood collecion aciviies; CO 2 e/ d.m. Greenhouse gas emissions as a resul of fuelwood collecion aciviies wihin he projec boundary in he baseline; CO 2 e Non renewable biomass gahered for fuel and/or charcoal producion as a resul of projec implemenaion a ime ; d.m. Summed projeced volume of wood gahered in he projec area for fuel and/or charcoal producion in he baseline scenario; m 3 FG BSL,i, Average projeced volume of wood gahered in he projec area for fuel and/or charcoal producion in he baseline scenario in sraum i in year ; m 3 (from Module BL DFW) D mn Mean wood densiy of commercially harvesed species; d.m.m 3 i 1, 2, 3 M sraa in he baseline scenario 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed since he projeced sar of he REDD projec aciviy Sep 3: Leakage due o displacemen of fuelwood collecion shall be esimaed as follows: * C LK AS,degrad-FW/C NRB * CF * GHGLK, E, (5) 1 12 Where: C LK AS,degrad FW/C NRB 44 Ne greenhouse gas emissions due o aciviy shifing leakage caused by exracion of wood for fuel; CO 2 e Non renewable biomass gahered for fuel and/or charcoal producion as a resul of projec implemenaion a ime ; d.m. CF Carbon fracion of dry maer; C d.m. 1 GHG LK,E, Greenhouse gas emissions as a resul of he leakage of fuelwood collecion aciviies; CO 2 e 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed since he projeced sar of he REDD projec aciviy LK DFW 4

5 III. DATA AND PARAMETERS NOT MONITORED (DEFAULT OR MEASURED ONE TIME) Daa / parameer: CF Daa uni: C d.m. 1 Used in equaions: 2 Descripion: Source of daa: Measuremen Any commen: Carbon fracion of dry maer Defaul value 0.47 C 1 d.m. can be used, or species specific values from he lieraure (e.g. IPCC 2006 INV GLs AFOLU Chaper 4 Table 4.3) Daa / parameer: D mn Daa uni: d.m.m 3 Used in equaions: 1, 3 Descripion: Source of daa: Measuremen Any commen: Mean wood densiy of commercially harvesed species The source of daa shall be chosen wih prioriy from higher o lower preference as follows: (a) Averaged naional and commercial species specific (e.g. from Naional GHG invenory or sie specific measuremens); (b) Averaged commercial species specific from neighboring counries wih similar condiions. Someimes (b) may be preferable o (a). (c) Averaged regional commercial species specific (e.g. Table 4.13 IPCC Naional Guidance for Greenhouse Gas Invenories AFOLU Secion). (d) Regional average (0.58 d.m.m 3 ropical Africa; 0.60 d.m.m 3 ropical America; 0.57 d.m.m 3 ropical Asia) from Brown, S Esimaing Biomass and Biomass Change of Tropical Foress: a Primer. For he Food and Agriculure Organizaion of he Unied Naions. Rome, FAO Foresry Paper 134. ISBN LK DFW 5

6 IV. DATA AND PARAMETERS MONITORED Daa / parameer: DRB Daa uni: Mg yr 1 Used in equaions: 1 Descripion: Source of daa: Measuremen Monioring frequency: QA/QC procedures: Any commen: Demonsrably renewable biomass colleced a ime Paricipaory Rural Appraisal (PRA) PRA shall be conduced hrough inerviews and quesionnaires Mus be moniored a leas every 5 years or if verificaion occurs on a frequency of less han every 5 years examinaion mus occur prior o any verificaion even Ex ane a jusifiable esimae shall be made of proporion of fuelwood ha is demonsrably renewable Daa / parameer: Daa uni: m 3 Used in equaions: 1 Descripion: Source of daa: Measuremen Monioring frequency: QA/QC procedures: Any commen: FG PA,i, Volume of fuelwood gahered in sraum i of he projec area according o monioring resuls a ime Inerviews / Paricipaory Rural Appraisals, field measuremen and lieraure daa. Monioring should be conduced in communiies wihin he projec boundary and in communiies ouside he boundary bu poenially collecing fuelwood or producing charcoal from wihin he boundaries Mus be moniored a leas every 5 years or if verificaion occurs on a frequency of less han every 5 years examinaion mus occur prior o any verificaion even Ex ane a jusifiable esimae shall be made of fuelwood ha can be susainably harvesed from he projec area LK DFW 6

7 V. PARAMETERS ORIGINATING IN OTHER MODULES Daa / parameer: Daa uni: m 3 FG BSL,i, Used in equaions: 1, 4 Descripion: Module parameer originaes in: Any commen: Average projeced volume of wood gahered in he projec area for fuel and/or charcoal producion in he baseline scenario in sraum i in year BL DFW Updaed a every baseline renewal Daa / parameer: GHG BSL,E Daa uni: CO 2 e Used in equaions: 3 Descripion: Module parameer originaes in: Any commen: Greenhouse gas emissions as a resul of fuelwood collecion aciviies wihin he projec boundary in he baseline BL DFW Updaed a every baseline renewal LK DFW 7