Nicole and her mom made a list of trees they would like to plant.

Transcription

1 Please wait until the exam has fully laded in yur web brwser befre starting. D nt press "Submit" at the end f the exam until yu are sure f yur respnses, as yur test will be graded immediately. Gd luck! 1. Philip lked at a crss sectin f the trunk f a cut tree, and pltted its grwth by measuring the rings in the tree's stump. 2. Accrding t this graph, between the 3 rd and 8 th year, the tree grew apprximately hw many millimetres in radius? 3. A) 5 mm 4. B) 9 mm C) 11mm D) 15 mm Nicle's parents just purchased an acreage n which they plan t build a new hme. Befre they build, they want t plant sme trees arund the acreage since they will take sme time t grw. Nicle and her mm made a list f trees they wuld like t plant.

2 Tree Tree descriptin Leaf Decriptin American Elm fast grwing, lng lived excellent shade tree vase-shaped, branched trunk grws m tall and m wide shrt stem n leaves egg-shaped with sharp pint sharp tthed edges Flwering Crabapple slw t medium grwth rate average life span shwy blssms and tart fruit grws 5 t 15 m tall and m wide lng stem n leaves val shaped leafs with pints twards the stem and tip subtle tthed edges Ldgeple Pine pineer species cnes are small with scales and sharp ends tall and slender trunks lder trees in dense areas have very few living branches near grund needles, ccur in pairs lng and green with sharp tips Weeping Birch multi-stemmed trunk bark peels ff in paper strips Oval shaped crwn f weeping leaves and fliage Egg-shaped with sharp pinted tips duble tthed edges Lng stems cnnect leaves t weeping stems White Spruce pyramidal shape grws up t 40 m high by 2 m in diameter cnes are brwn/purplish, lng with runded smth scales single needle cnnected t twig square-sided sharp needles spiral arrangement f needles n twig Nrthwest Pplar Single trunk grws up t 25 m high by 15 m in diameter upright val crwn f fliage fast grwing, but shrt life f years Lng stems n leaves shaped like a brad heart subtle tthed edges

3 Nicle's parents have decided t plant a rw f deciduus trees and a rw f cniferus trees arund the edge f the acreage t create wind prtectin arund the prperty. Which tw varieties f trees wuld be best t plant? A) Nrthwest Pplar and White Spruce B) Ldgeple Pine and White Spruce C) Weeping Birch and American Elm D) Flwering Crabapple and American Elm 5. Generally, which f the fllwing leaf-types wuld lse the least amunt f water int the atmsphere? A) B) C)

4 6. Why wuld the selective harvesting technique be mst useful fr a steeply graded slpe? A) It makes the slpe less steep. B) It eliminates the pssibility f frest fires. C) It helps t keep the sil frm erding. D) It makes fr a nicer view. 7. Mrs. Ferry began talking abut trees and frests by having her students brainstrm all the physical characteristics f cniferus trees. Which f the fllwing characteristics is mre strngly assciated with deciduus trees? A) evergreen B) flwering blssms C) needle-like leaves D) seeds in cnes 8. Which f the fllwing is nt a prduct f phtsynthesis? A) chlrphyll B) xygen C) fd D) sugars 9. Different ideas n hw best t use ur frests can ften cause cnflict between different interest grups. Envirnmentalists value the frest mstly as A) a renewable resurce f raw materials B) a place fr humans t mve int

5 C) an envirnment supprting many types f living species D) a recreatinal area fr humans 10. Water in the rts f trees mves up t the leaves thrugh the prcess f A) phtsynthesis B) respiratin C) gravitatin D) transpiratin 11. In the diagram, the central, dark wd is labelled with a 1; the uter layer labelled with a 2 and the bark labelled with a Which area cntains the ldest cells? 13. A) 1 B) 2 C) Nn-timber prducts such as mushrms can be harvested withut damaging trees.

6 Mrel mushrms can be harvested frm aspen frests and Matsutake (r Pine mushrms) frm pine frests. 15. Which f the fllwing is an advantage f nn-timber frest prducts such as mushrms? 16. A) They can be sustainable. B) They are unlimited resurces. C) They can be harvested even after all f the trees have been cut dwn. D) They may nly be available fr part f the year. 1. Defrested areas are ften replanted systematically with nly ne type f tree. Why is this nt ideal envirnmentally? A) It increases the chances f a frest fire. B) It decreases bidiversity. C) It reduces the amunt f xygen prduced. D) It reduces the amunt f carbn dixide prduced. 2. In Nrthern Alberta there have been many recent frest fires. These frest fires ften burn ff the bark and branches f the trees, yet leave the interir f the tree undamaged. Frestry cmpanies are ften called int burned ut areas t harvest the lumber befre it begins t rt.

7 3. After a frest fire, different types f vegetatin will grw in the area at different times. This change in the vegetatin will mst likely cause 4. A) a similar amunt f animals t habitat the area B) a change in which animals are cmmn when cmpared t befre the fire C) nly the same mnivres t return D) nly the same herbivres t return 5. Water in the rts f trees mves up t the leaves thrugh the prcess f A) phtsynthesis B) respiratin C) gravitatin D) transpiratin 6. Unlike leaves, which drp ff after ne seasn, needles n mst cnifers stay n fr tw r three years- sme evergreens, such as the mnkey puzzle tree, keep their leaves fr up t 15 years; the needles n bristlecne pines stay n fr fifty years- s trees have lnger t stre up the energy needed t replace them. And they prduce mre energy. By keeping their needles year-rund, cnifers can phtsynthesize nn-stp even during the winter mnths when light levels as well as temperatures drp dramatically. A study

8 cnducted in Germany cmparing the energy prduced and stred by a deciduus tree (beech) with that f a cnifer (Nrway spruce) fund that the beech phtsynthesized fr 176 days in ne year, whereas the Nrway spruce phtsynthesized fr 260; even with its smaller surface area, the spruce was 58 percent mre prductive than the beech. Quted frm "Tree, A Life Stry" (p. 67), By David Suzuki and Wayne Grady. 7. Why wuld even the cnifers nt be able t phtsynthesize fr a full 365 days per year? 8. A) Cnifers drp their leaves t, just fr a shrter time. B) Phtsynthesis requires sunlight and there are several days where there is n sunlight because Germany is s far nrth. C) Cld temperatures d nt allw phtsynthesis t ccur as water freezes up. D) When temperatures rise abve 30 C, phtsynthesis becmes impssible. 9. Generally, which f the fllwing leaf-types wuld lse the least amunt f water int the atmsphere? A) B) C)

9 10. Nicle's parents just purchased an acreage n which they plan t build a new hme. Befre they build, they want t plant sme trees arund the acreage since they will take sme time t grw. Nicle and her mm made a list f trees they wuld like t plant. Tree Tree descriptin Leaf Decriptin American Elm fast grwing, lng lived excellent shade tree vase-shaped, branched trunk grws m tall and m wide shrt stem n leaves egg-shaped with sharp pint sharp tthed edges Flwering Crabapple slw t medium grwth rate average life span shwy blssms and tart fruit grws 5 t 15 m tall and m wide lng stem n leaves val shaped leafs with pints twards the stem and tip subtle tthed edges Ldgeple Pine pineer species cnes are small with scales and sharp ends tall and slender trunks lder trees in dense areas have very few living branches near grund needles, ccur in pairs lng and green with sharp tips Weeping Birch multi-stemmed trunk bark peels ff in paper strips Oval shaped crwn f weeping leaves and fliage Egg-shaped with sharp pinted tips duble tthed edges Lng stems cnnect

10 leaves t weeping stems White Spruce pyramidal shape grws up t 40 m high by 2 m in diameter cnes are brwn/purplish, lng with runded smth scales single needle cnnected t twig square-sided sharp needles spiral arrangement f needles n twig Nrthwest Pplar Single trunk grws up t 25 m high by 15 m in diameter upright val crwn f fliage fast grwing, but shrt life f years Lng stems n leaves shaped like a brad heart subtle tthed edges Hw many f the trees n Nicle's list are deciduus? A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) Refer t the infrmatin in questin 6. Nicle fund these fallen leaves under ne f the trees. Which tree d these leaves cme frm?

11 A) american elm B) flwering crabapple C) weeping birch D) white spruce 12. Refer t the infrmatin in questin 6. Nicle recgnized this leaf t be frm a/an A) american elm B) white spruce C) weeping birch D) nrthwest pplar 13. Refer t the infrmatin in questin 6. Nicle brught a twig sample hme with her. Which f the trees des it belng t? A) american elm B) ldgeple pine

12 C) weeping birch D) white spruce 14. Janice and her brther visited the wd pile at the prvincial park t pick up sme lgs fr the campfire. Janice tk ntice f a lg which shwed ff-centered rings. 15. When this tree was alive, it likely 16. A) was sick with disease B) grew next t anther tree C) was ver-watered D) was a twering pplar Submit 1. Janice and her brther visited the wd pile at the prvincial park t pick up sme lgs fr the campfire. Janice tk ntice f a lg which shwed ff-centered rings.

13 2. When this tree was alive, it likely 3. A) was sick with disease B) grew next t anther tree C) was ver-watered D) was a twering pplar 4. Jennifer remembered that the xylem and phlem cell layers in the tree were cnsidered the tree's transprtatin system because the A) phlem layer carries water and nutrients t the rts B) phlem layer carries fd in the frm f sugars t the tree C) phlem layer prduces new phlem cells D) phlem layer carries water and nutrients t the leaves 5. Which f the fllwing is nt required fr phtsynthesis A) sun B) carbn dixide C) water D) sugar 6. In the diagram, the central, dark wd is labelled with a 1; the uter layer labelled with a 2 and the bark labelled with a 3.

14 7. Which area cntains the ldest cells? 8. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 9. Nathan was walking thrugh a grve f trees and came acrss ne that had been freshly cut dwn. He lked clsely at the different areas f the crss sectin f the trunk. 10. The layer f phlem cells is als called the inner bark, and therefre wuld mst likely be labelled

15 11. A) A B) B C) C D) E 12. Nicle's parents just purchased an acreage n which they plan t build a new hme. Befre they build, they want t plant sme trees arund the acreage since they will take sme time t grw. Nicle and her mm made a list f trees they wuld like t plant. Tree Tree descriptin Leaf Decriptin American Elm fast grwing, lng lived excellent shade tree vase-shaped, branched trunk grws m tall and m wide shrt stem n leaves egg-shaped with sharp pint sharp tthed edges Flwering Crabapple slw t medium grwth rate average life span shwy blssms and tart fruit grws 5 t 15 m tall and m wide lng stem n leaves val shaped leafs with pints twards the stem and tip subtle tthed edges Ldgeple Pine pineer species cnes are small with scales and sharp ends tall and slender trunks lder trees in dense areas have very few living branches near grund needles, ccur in pairs lng and green with sharp tips Weeping Birch multi-stemmed trunk bark peels ff in paper strips Oval shaped crwn f weeping leaves and fliage Egg-shaped with sharp pinted tips duble tthed edges Lng stems cnnect leaves t weeping stems White Spruce pyramidal shape single needle cnnected

16 grws up t 40 m high by 2 m in diameter cnes are brwn/purplish, lng with runded smth scales t twig square-sided sharp needles spiral arrangement f needles n twig Nrthwest Pplar Single trunk grws up t 25 m high by 15 m in diameter upright val crwn f fliage fast grwing, but shrt life f years Lng stems n leaves shaped like a brad heart subtle tthed edges The silhuette f this tree best fits the descriptin f the A) flwering crabapple B) white spruce C) ldgeple pine D) nrthwest pplar 13.

17 While sitting arund a campfire at a prvincial park, Christie and her friends lked clsely at the tree stump they were using as a chpping blck fr splitting their firewd. 14. Based n what Christie knws abut trees, the best estimate f the age f this tree when it was cut dwn wuld be 15. A) 5 years ld 16. B) 15 years ld C) 25 years ld D) 50 years ld Frest regeneratin is ccurring in this frest that was ravaged by a frest fire 7 years ag.

18 17. The new plants taking rt after the fire are called: 18. A) hmestead species B) ash species C) pineer species D) explrer species 19. "Slash and burn" agriculture is a destructive farming practice in which frest is burned dwn t make way fr farming. It is a cmmn practice in pr trpical natins where illegal drug r cash crps (such as beef, cca and cffee) are the driving frce in the creatin f new farmable land. It is estimated that 30% f the Earth's carbn dixide utput per year is caused by frest fires, many f which can be attributed t slash and burn practices. During the dry seasn, the huge cluds f smke are visible frm space and expse thse living in nearby areas t dangerus air pllutin levels. 20. Mycrrhizal relatinships are thse that ccur between plants and fungi. Trees in the rainfrest ften have fungi attached t the rts which prvide trace nutrients t the tree in exchange fr sugars and starches. After an area is devastated by slash and burn, what will happen t the fungi that were nce in symbisis with the trees?

19 21. A) they will survive and grw ut f cntrl B) they will sprut new trees frm their rts C) they will die D) they will sprut cacti that can cpe with the new cnditins 22. While hiking in Alberta's nrthern frests, Gill and Max came acrss an area that had been clear cut. The regrwth in this area was slwly beginning t take hld. 23. As they lked arund, they nticed that there were abut three t fur seedlings planted fr each stump left behind. The best reasn the frestry cmpany wuld plant s many is that 24. A) the seedlings create nutrients fr ther plants B) thicker frests will lead t mre prfits when cutting lumber C) cmpetitin fr resurces will cause the trees t grw faster D) nt all the seedlings will survive Submit