Harmonization of dose expression Dose conversion and adjustment
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- Drusilla Blankenship
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1 EPPO Panel on Efficacy Evaluation of Fungicides and Insecticides Barcelona, 28 November 2017 Harmonization of dose expression Dose conversion and adjustment Greg Doruchowski on behalf of Expert Working Group: - InHort, PL Frank Meier-Runge Santiago Planas Patricia Chueca Antonio Miranda Fuentes Sébastien Codis Paolo Marucco Elena Gutiérrez Evangelos Ch. Karanasios Maria da Assunção Prates Riccardo Bugiani - ECPA - Univ. de Lleida, ES - IVIA, ES - Univ. de Córdoba, ES - VigneVin, FR - DISAFA, IT - INIA, ES - BPI, GR - DGAV, PT - Regione E-R, IT
2 Field crops: ground area = treated crop area L/ha ground = L/ha treated crop area Orchards / vineyards / plantations: ground area treated plant area L/ha ground L/ha treated crop area
3 Field crops: ground area = treated crop area L/ha ground = L/ha treated crop area Orchards / vineyards / plantations: ground area treated plant area L/ha ground L/ha treated crop area
4 Fruit growing 3D crops Calibration formula: Spray volume = nozzle flow rate * numer of nozzles * 600 working width * travel velocity
5 Fruit growing 3D crops Calibration formula: treated canopy height Spray volume = nozzle flow rate * numer of nozzles * 600 working width * travel velocity row spacing
6 Fruit growing 3D crops Calibration formula: treated canopy height Spray volume = nozzle flow rate * numer of nozzles * 600 working width * travel velocity row spacing Constant spray liquid deposit Spray volume LOW TREES < Spray volume HIGH TREES Spray volume WIDE SPACING < Spray volume NERROW SPACING
7 Fruit growing 3D crops Dose recommendation: Constant PPP initial deposit PPP dose/ha ground LOW TREES < PPP dose/ha ground HIGH TREES PPP dose/ha ground WIDE SPACING < PPP dose/ha ground NERROW SPACING
8 Fruit growing 3D crops Dose recommendation: Constant dose/ha ground PPP initial deposit LOW TREES > PPP initial deposit HIGH TREES PPP initial deposit WIDE SPACING > PPP initial deposit NERROW SPACING
9 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit dose adjustment determination (reduction or increase) of the PPP dose to obtain: sufficient level of PPP deposit to achieve an expected efficacy under specific circumstances (canopy size and density, application method, controlled organism, pest/pathogen pressure, climatic factors) minimum variation in PPP deposit across a wide range of crop structures,
10 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration %) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row
11 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row DK, FI, LT CZ, HU, PL, SI, SK, UK FR kg or L/ha ground
12 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row DK, FI, LT NL ES, GR, HR, IT, PT kg or L/100 L spray volume (%) + spray volume (max) and/or + max dose/ha ground
13 CANOPY HEIGHT dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row - DE, AT, (PL), (SI) - kg or L/ha ground and m CH
14 CANOPY HEIGHT dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row (LT) BE, (PL), (SI), (AT) - kg or L/ m 2 LWA LWA = 2 * canopy height [m] row spacing [m] * m 2
15 CANOPY HEIGHT dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row CH kg or L/ m 3 TRV WIDTH TRV = canopy height [m] * canopy width [m] row spacing [m] * m 2
16 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area spray volume (concentration) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row NO, SE - - kg or L/100 m tree row
17 dose expression PPP mass or volume unit (kg or L) linked to a certain reference unit Reference units in the EU: ground area DK, FI, LT, CZ, HU, PL, SI, SK, UK, FR spray volume (concentration %) canopy height CH ES, GR, HR, IT, PT, DK, FI, LT, NL, DE, AT, (PL, SI) leaf wall area LWA BE, (LT, PL,SI, AT) tree row volume - TRV CH plant row NO, SE Regulation (EC) 1107/2009 (entry into force: 14 June 2011) => PPP registration issues: zonal efficacy evaluation (collective evaluation of trials within the EPPO zones) mutual recognition of PPP authorizations labeling (with dose expression as used in the RR and max dose [kg-l/ha]) at national level
18 HARMONISABLE Zonal efficacy trials => Trial reports: reference units and crop structure parameters Zonal efficacy evaluation (BAD / drr) => RR & Final Conclusion National assessment => registration with label recommendation mutual recognition National assessment => registration with label recommendation mutual recognition National assessment => registration with label recommendation advice for farmers advice for farmers advice for farmers Farmers practice Farmers practice Farmers practice national legislation * local practice * growers awareness and preferences
19 Harmonisation EPPO General Standard PP 1/239 (2) Efficacy evaluation of plant protection products Dose expression for plant protection products dose should be expressed in a format that is readily understood by users reference units for 3D crops listed and discussed ground area spray volume (concentration %) canopy height - CH leaf wall area - LWA tree row volume - TRV plant row crop structure parameters that need to be measured and recorded cropping system (single or multiple rows); distance between rows distance between plants in the row treated foliage height mid-width of the canopy BBCH growth stage at application as well as: actual applied spray volume information on the application equipment interconvertability between dose expressions for mutual recognition
20 Why LWA? Industry data (WOHLHAUSER, R., 2012 after Bayer CropScience AG) Apple + pear: distribution of LWA in the EU registration zones Common denominator well represents diverse pome fruit structures CENTRAL SOUTH
21 Why LWA? Mean initial deposits obtained in 31 trials in apple orchards (KOCH, H. and WEISSER, P., 1995) r²=0.953 Strong positive linear correlation between dose per unit area and deposit on targets in orchards
22 Why LWA? Industry data (WOHLHAUSER, R., 2012 Hard to set accurate dose Accurate MED setting
23 Why LWA? logical and commonly accepted rule: dose related to the target good representation of diverse crop structures good correlation with deposit accurate determination of MED. 20 kg 50 kg 95 kg easy comparision of efficacy data from individual trials simple and intuitive fair chance to be accepted by applicators perfect tool for direct (systemic) dose adjustment
24 Why LWA? max dose/ha ground on PPP label => LWA = m 2 /ha (r.w.c.) Distribution of LWA by crops all zones Industry data (WOHLHAUSER, R., 2012 after Bayer CropScience AG) 3,0 m CH/RS = 0,9 LWA = m 2 /ha LWA = m 2 /ha Canopy Height (CH) = 0,9 Row Spacing (RS) 2,0 m CH/RS = 0,6 LWA = m 2 /ha 1,5 m CH/RS = 0,45 LWA = m 2 /ha 3,5 m MAX dose 3,5 m MAX dose - 35% 3,5 m MAX dose - 50%
25 Harmonisation EPPO General Standard PP 1/239 (2) Efficacy evaluation of plant protection products Dose expression for plant protection products Dose convertion diagram Appendix 1 EPPO Standard PP1/239(2) after: Frießleben et al.,2007.
26 Excel Tool for dose conversion request from Organising Committee of EPPO Workshop: develop and make available the tool for conversion of dose between different expressions according to the scheme of the EPPO standard PP 1/239 (2)
27 Excel Tool for dose conversion & adjustment request from Organising Committee of EPPO Woprkshop
28 Excel Tool for dose conversion & adjustment Post-Workshop EWG Dose Conversion and Adjustment Frank Meier-Runge Santiago Planas Patricia Chueca Antonio Miranda Fuentes Sébastien Codis Paolo Marucco Elena Gutiérrez Evangelos Ch. Karanasios Maria da Assunção Prates Riccardo Bugiani Greg Doruchowski - ECPA - Univ. de Lleida, ES - IVIA, ES - Univ. de Córdoba, ES - VigneVin, FR - DISAFA, IT - INIA, ES - BPI, GR - DGAV, PT - Regione E-R, IT - InHort, PL
29
30 EPPO Workshop on harmonized dose expression for the zonal evaluation of plant protection products in high growing crops - Vienna, 18/20 October, 2016 thank you ;-)
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