REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN International cooperation in the nuclear field

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1 IAEA Workshop IAEA, Vienna, September 2008, REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN International cooperation in the nuclear field M. Sharipov, Kazakhstan Atomic Energy Committee 1

2 Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 2

3 Historical development and overview The nuclear scientific industrial complex in Kazakhstan was established as a unified part of atomic industry and science in the former Soviet Union. In former Soviet Union at the territory of Kazakhstan were: created the Semipalatinsk Test Site for military purpose. developed uranium industry which included uranium mines, plants of uranium concentrate production and fuel pellets fabrication. put into operation the NPP in Aktau at established several nuclear scientific and research institutes. 3

4 Kazakhstan nuclear power and industry Government Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources JSC KazAtomProm RSE National Nuclear Center Ulba Metallurgical Plant MAEC KazAtomProm (NPP BN-350) Uranium mining and milling JV company Institute of Nuclear Physics Institute of Atomic Energy Institute of Rad. Safety and Ecology RW Storage Baikal 4

5 Nuclear installations disposition Kurchatov ASTANA Ust-Kamenogorsk Aktau ALMATY BN-350 reactor Ulba metallurgical plant Uranium mines Research reactors Baikal-1 research reactors complex 5

6 Policy in the field of atomic energy use The policy in the field of atomic energy use are: safe operation of the research reactors and other nuclear installations; safe decommissioning of the NPP BN-350; liquidation of consequences of nuclear explosions; improvement of regulations for harmonization with other international safety requirements and regulations; technical cooperation with international organizations; development of uranium industry; development of nuclear research centres and institutes; development of nuclear power and industry. 6

7 Kazakhstan in the world of nuclear energy Now we can see the rapid development of nuclear power and as a consequence the growth of demand on uranium in the world and development of reactors of new generation. Canada, Australia, Kazakhstan are the main source countries on the natural uranium market. According to the IAEA data there are about 20 % of the world uranium stock in Kazakhstan. JSC «NAC «Kazatomprom» will plan to produce to 2010 about 15 thousands tons of uranium which is about 20 % of the total need of world nuclear power engineering branch. Kazakhstan uranium can be strategic source for many countries such as Russia, Japan, and China and in the future for countries of EU. Unique research reactors of the National Nuclear Center of the Kazakhstan can be used as an experimental base for safety substantiation of new reactors. 7

8 International treatments, conventions, bilateral agreements The Republic of Kazakhstan has joined to the number of international treatments: Non Proliferation Treatment; Treatment on Universal Prohibition of Nuclear Tests; International convention on struggle with acts of nuclear terrorism. The Republic of Kazakhstan has signed the number of agreements with IAEA and other states: Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the IAEA on IAEA safeguard application; Additional Protocol to the Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the IAEA on application of safeguard in connection with the NPT. Convention on the physical protection of nuclear material. Agreements between the Republic of Kazakhstan and such countries as the Russian Federation, USA, EU in the field of Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy. Now agreements on cooperation with Japan, China, Korea and Canada are at the stage of signing. 8

9 International cooperation The cooperation with other states is carried out on the basis of three levels: State level Competent Authorities level Organizations level Main directions of the international cooperation are: development of atomic industry and nuclear power (uranium mining, enrichment of uranium, nuclear fuel production, investigation on the reactor safety, creation of basis for develop of nuclear power); nuclear and radiation safety (decommissioning of NPP BN-350, radiation investigation at Semipalatinsk test site, modernization of research reactors); non proliferation and physical protection (IAEA safeguards application, modernization of the physical protection system on the Kazakhstan nuclear facilities); safety regulation. 9

10 International relationship Russia IAEA EU China Japan KAZAKHSTAN.. USA UK S. Korea France Canada 10

11 Fuel production cooperation International cooperation in the nuclear fuel cycle: Uranium mining; (joint uranium mining enterprises at the territory of Kazakhstan are created with Russia, Canada, China, Japan etc.). Uranium hecsofluoride production; (joint Kazakhstan-Canadian enterprise «Ulba-Conversion» (NAC «Kazatomprom», Cameco) is created for plant project development and construction). Uranium enrichment; (joint Russian-Kazakhstan enterprise JSC «Center of uranium enrichment» is created at the territory of Russia in Angarsk city ). Uranium dioxide powder and fuel pellets production; (JSC «Ulba metallurgical plant» produces fuel pellets (certification work is in a progress) Fuel assemblies production; (Agreement on the plant construction is signed with the France company AREVA) 11

12 BN-350 D&D cooperation US Department of Energy US State Department IAEA Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Pacific North West National Laboratory NDF Kazakhstan Atomic Energy Committee Argonne (Idaho) National Laboratory NAC International MAEC KATEP NNSA US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nuclear Technology Safety Center Kazakhstan National Nuclear Center AdSTM Brookhaven National Laboratory EU EDF-Sogin (Tacis) UKAEA (Tacis &UK DTI) RWE NUKEM (UK DTI) VNIPIET OKBM IPPE Russian ROSATOM VNIITF RAOTECH KBSM Japanese Ministry of Science, Education, Culture and Sport PESCO RANDEC ARTECH 12

13 Cooperation on decommissioning BN-350 Cooperation with Russia Decommissioning Planning LRW Treatment designing SRW treatment designing Design and manufacturing of SF casks Cooperation with Japan Calculations to support the BN-350 decommissioning (induced activity, tritium content in primary and secondary Na, D&D cost, etc.) Experiments for sodium cleaning (cesium, tritium and other nuclides) Experiments for sodium hydroxide solidification Cooperation with UK Option study for the BN-350 D&D Risk Assessment for the D&D project (Cost estimation) Review and superediting of the D&D Plan before submittal to IAEA for peer review Review of peer comments Cooperation with USA Spent fuel handling Sodium handling Fire and radiation protection Physical protection Decommissioning planning Regulation for decommissioning Cooperation with EU Equipment for Radiation Characterization of the Plant and Material Science Investigations Training Fire Protection Decommissioning Planning Documentation Exchange System (DXS) Repairing of Spent Fuel Pool 13

14 International cooperation (Russia) Legal basis for cooperation: Agreements between the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy (1993). The main directions of cooperation: uranium mining, uranium enrichment, fuel fabrication BN-350 decommissioning, research reactors upgrading, development of small and medium power reactors 14

15 International cooperation (Russia) The Complex program of Russian-Kazakhstan cooperation on the peaceful use of atomic energy was signed in December of 2006 between Kazakhstan Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and Russian State Corporation Rosatom. Main points: Integration in the filed of nuclear fuel production creation of joint enterprises on uranium mining, creation of joint enterprise on uranium enrichment. Cooperation in the filed of atom energy industry creation of joint enterprise on development and introduction (implementation) of projects on small and medium power reactors design. Upgrading of legislative base (documents) of Russian-Kazakhstan cooperation in the field of peaceful use of atomic energy. Cooperation in the scientific and technical field modernization of research reactors Cooperation in the field of personnel training. 15

16 International cooperation (Russia) Main Russian organizations involved: Rosatom JSC "Теchsnabexport" JSC "ТVEL JSC "Аtомstroiexport OKBM IPPE KBSM Atomenrgoproect NIKIET RAOTECH FSC Kurchatov Institute FSC JINR (Dubna) Main Kazakhstan organizations involved: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources JSC KazAtomProm JC Ulba MAEC KazAtomProm Ltd JV Company Atomic Stations RSE National Nuclear Center Institute of Nuclear Physics Institute of Atomic Energy 16

17 International cooperation (Russia) 12 October 2006 creation and approval by Ministry of energy and mineral resources (Kazakhstan) and Rosatom (Russian Federation) of three joint Russian-Kazakhstan enterprises in the field of peaceful use of atomic energy: Joint Enterprise Akbastau for uranium mining and providing of nuclear fuel for Russian design reactors; Joint Enterprises Centre on Uranium Enrichment for uranium enrichment; Joint Enterprises Nuclear Plants for development and market dissemination of the VBER-300 nuclear reactor type. At present Kazakhstan and Russian organizations are started to study issues connected with new NPP building in Aktau. 17

18 International cooperation (USA) Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the USA on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy (1997) Between the Republic of Kazakhstan and USA was signed other agreements. Main directions of the cooperation are: nuclear and radiation safety (decommissioning of NPP BN-350, modernization of research reactors); non proliferation and physical protection (modernization of the physical protection system on the Kazakhstan nuclear facilities); safety regulation. (developing and improvement of the legal basis and regulation) 18

19 International cooperation (USA) Main USA organizations involved: US Department of Energy Argonne (Idaho) National Laboratory Pacific North West National Laboratory US NRC AdSTM Brookhaven National Laboratory US Department of Defense Main Kazakhstan organizations involved: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources JSC KazAtomProm JC Ulba MAEC KazAtomProm Ltd RSE National Nuclear Center Institute of Nuclear Physics Institute of Atomic Energy Ministry of Defense 19

20 Background for future development of Nuclear Power in Kazakhstan The presence of energy deficit in some regions of Kazakhstan; Formation to 2025 in the Central Asia of energy deficit about bln kwt.h per year; The presence of uranium resources in the country (about 20 % from the world explored reserves); The presence of nuclear fuel production for all types of nuclear power plants; The presence of qualified specialists with experience in operation of nuclear power plant and research reactors. The presence of scientific centers equipped by research reactors and unique nonreactor facilities which allow to carry out key investigations in the sphere of nuclear physics, physics and technologies of nuclear reactors, safety of nuclear installations. The presence of good international cooperation with other countries and organizations. 20