Introduction to Hydraulics

Transcription

1 Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group Introduction to Hydraulics Course guide HWM prof.dr.ir. R. Uijlenhoet drs. P.J.J.F. Torfs ir. B. Vermeulen January 2012

2 Chair Group Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Course Guide Introduction to Hydraulics prof.dr.ir. R. Uijlenhoet drs. P.J.J.F. Torfs ir. B. Vermeulen January 2012 HWM Introduction to Hydraulics (HWM 21806) 1

3 a. Name and code of the course HWM Introduction to Hydraulics b. Contact person(s) 1, lecturer(s) and examiner(s) Contact person(s) Lecturer(s) Examiner(s) c. Language of instruction and examination Dutch drs PJJF Torfs prof. dr ir R Uijlenhoet drs PJJF Torfs ir B Vermeulen drs PJJF Torfs d. Assumed or prerequisite knowledge Basic knowledge of fundamental physical concepts as forces, representation of forces by vectors, gravity etc. Working knowledge of basic calculus. LAD Soil and Water I and AEW Soil and Water II e. Profile of the course This course is designed for students who need a basic knowledge about hydraulics as an introduction to application oriented courses such as the design of irrigation systems and hydraulic structures. By concentrating on a detailed explanation of the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy, the course aims at providing the student a clear understanding of steady water flow through conduits, 1 It is assumed that the contact person of a course has the final responsibility for the outline of the course, the organization of the course and the Course Guide. The contact person receives all the results of the course evaluation. canals and soils. The course uses a text book which is compatible with this set up. In this text book, proofs, derivations, theory and worked examples are given in full but using simple mathematical notation and an ample amount of clarifying text. The following topics are covered: hydrostatics, measurement of pressure, flow and discharge, flow through pipelines, uniform and non uniform open channel flow and steady flow around hydraulic structures. The course provides basic knowledge of hydraulics and hydrometry for application in the fields of irrigation, drainage, erosion, water conservation and flood protection. f. Learning outcomes At the end of the course, the student will be able to: apply the laws of conservation of mass, energy and momentum to hydraulic problems; calculate hydrostatic and dynamic pressures and resultant forces on structures; calculate water level and flow velocity in uniform open channel flow, when cross sectional area, slope of the channel and roughness are known or can be measured; calculate surface level profiles for gradually varying non uniform flow (back water curve, draw down curve), with the aim to know the consequences of measures in currents and streams; measure the discharge in small open channels by using discharge measurement techniques including the velocity area method, the slope area method, the dilution method; apply discharge formulas for discharge measurement structures; calculate energy losses in closed pipe systems by applying friction Introduction to Hydraulics (HWM 21806) 2

4 coefficients and loss coefficients from literature report on measurements including error analysis creatively apply the topics learned to basic environmental water problems. g. Learning materials and resources Understanding Hydraulics by L. Hamill ( 2001, 2nd ed.), MacMillan Press LTD. Hydrometry by W. Boiten and laboratory practical guide Hydraulics/Hydrometry. A number of web application will be offered through intranet and used to interactively investigate some particular topics. h. Educational (= teaching and learning) activities lectures on hydraulics simple computational exercises on hydraulics lectures on hydrometry extensive practicals to practice hydraulic phenomena in the hydraulics laboratory. Examples are: flow over a weir, hydraulic jump, discharge measurement in open channels, visualizing energy loss, backwater and draw down curves. stationary flow problems is the theme to be investigated. This both in closed and open conduits. k. Outline and schedule of the programme of the course See annex. The planning of the laboratory exercices are rather strict. If a student cannot meet the proposed arrangements, he should contact the lecturers. Assessment strategy All the learning outcomes will be tested by two written exams at the end of the course, one on hydraulics, one on hydrometry. The practicals skills will be tested by laboratory experiments, results of which will be discussed independently with the students. i. Examination The subject Hydraulics and Hydrometry includes 6 credits, from which 60% is reserved for the theoretical part of hydraulics, 20% for the theoretical part of hydrometry and 20% for the practical part. The final mark will be determined according to this ratio. Both for the two theoretical parts and the practical part a minimum mark of 5,0 is required. After participating an examination or practical work, always the last obtained mark per part will count. j. The principal themes of the contents The interaction of pressure and velocity in Introduction to Hydraulics (HWM 21806) 3

5 Annex 1. Conribution of educational activities to the learning outcomes Learning activities Lectures hydraulics Lectures hydrometrie Computational exercises hydraulics Practical laboratory 1. Apply laws mass, energy,. X X X X 2. Calculate hydrostatic pressures X X 3. Calculate levels, velocities in open water X X 4. Measure discharge in open water X X X X 5. Apply dischare formulas of discharge measurement X X structures 6. Calculate energy loges in pipes X X X X 7. Report on measurements including error analysis X 8. Creatively apply to environmental problems X X Introduction to Hydraulics (HWM 21806) 4

6 Annex 2. Assessment strategy Written exam hydraulics Written exam hydraumetry Report on laboratory 1. Apply laws mass, energy,. X X 2. Calculate hydrostatic pressures X 3. Calculate levels, velocities in open water X 4. Measure discharge in open water X X 5. Apply dischare formulas of discharge measurement structures X X X 6. Calculate energy loges in pipes X X 7. Report on measurements including error analysis X 8. Creatively apply to environmental problems X X Contribution to final mark (%) 60% 40% 90/100% Introduction to Hydraulics (HWM 21806) 5