Aggregation business framework

Transcription

1 Aggregation business framework Yasuhiro HAYASHI (WASEDA University) - Dean, Advanced Collaborative Research Organization for Smart Society (ACROSS) - Director, Research Institute of Advanced Network Technology (RIANT) - Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Major in Electrical Engineering and Bioscience June 9, 2017

2 Agenda 1. Background 2. Communication standard for aggregation 3. Aggregation business 4. Future prospects and efforts 2

3 Energy saving and renewable energy for low-carbon society COP21-Paris Agreement Japan committed to reduce CO2 emissions by 26% compared to Expand into policy Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry: Energy Innovation Strategy (April 2016) Cabinet Office: Energy and environment innovation strategy NESTI2050 (April 2016) Plan to arrest global warming (May 2016) Currently, Japan depends heavily on overseas fossil fuels (High geopolitical risk) It is important to realize the energy mix centered on energy saving and renewable energy. 3

4 Electric Power System Reform & Markets Electric Power System Reform 1. Keep stable supply 2. Suppress electricity price 3. Expanding choices of customers and business opportunities ~ st reform Establishment of the Organization for Crossregional Coordination of Transmission Operators (OCCTO) 2 nd reform Full retail competition Period of transitional arrangement for retail tariff Abolishment of retail tariff 3d reform Spot Market (day ahead) Markets Hour-Ahead Market Imbalance adjustment Negawatt Market Adjustment Capacity Procurement Legal unbundling of transmission / distribution sector Real-time Market Capacity Market etc. 4

5 Big challenge of the electric power system is ongoing Customer Maintain demandsupply balance Voltage / Frequency Large scale centralized power supply Demand Supply Unidirectional Smartness of demand Battery PV Energy saving Bidirectional Paradigm shift Renew able Load Voltage / Frequency Posi watt Nega watt Bidirectional Introduction of renewable energy DR VPP Combine distributed resources, aim for coexistence of different purposes 5

6 DR for Negawatt and Renewable energy control Energy supplier When (Demand>Generation) Suppress demand Energy resource Demand suppression request Demand Demand Time Normal Generation PV PV Time Or Aggregator When (Demand<Generation) Renewable energy suppression request Energy resource PV Suppress generation PV Time Consume the generation Demand Energy resource Demand Time Energy resource 6

7 Energy resources aggregation Demand EV BESS FC Posiwatt FC Properly aggregation of Negawatt & Posiwatt Demand creation BESS Demand>Generation HP BESS EV HP AC Light Other devices Generation>Demand EV AC Light Negawatt Properly aggregation of Demand creation & Suppress generation Other devices Suppress generation EV FC PV BESS Generation 7

8 Industry creation through energy resource aggregation Transition to the distributed cooperative system that integrates and utilizes distributed energy resources (DER) such as renewable energy, highly efficient energy equipment, storage batteries, etc. Energy Res. A Time Energy Res. B Time Energy Res. C Time Energy Incentive / price Energy service Energy resource aggregation Energy Res. C Res. B Res. A Time Energy and related service Transmission and distribution company Markets Price Price Customer Load equipment Resource aggregator / Energy storage retail company Retail company Power supply Along with a major reform of electric power and gas systems, it is expected to create new industries 8

9 Virtual Power Plant The aggregator integrates and controls energy resources on customer side using IoT, making it function as if it were a single power station. Utility company Control centralized power supply, adjust demand-supply balance Request demandsupply control Parent aggregator Resource aggregator Customer side energy resource 1. Replacement of thermal power plant as adjustment power CO2 reduction Energy cost reduction Improve energy self-sufficiency rate Resource aggregator 2. Expansion of introduction of renewable energy CO2 reduction Improve energy self-sufficiency rate 9

10 Agenda 1. Background 2. Communication standard for aggregation 3. Aggregation business 4. Future prospects and efforts 10

11 Time and quantity negotiation Control Control right Operate faithfully according to instantaneous control instructions Utility Request Utility Energ Res Time and quantity request Acceptance / availability Time Aggregation of operation targets Instantaneous control Time and quantity negotiation Time and quantity request Acceptance / availability Evergy Energy Res Res Operation target Time Time Battery Generator Air-con Operation target closely related to life In order to use the resources linked with social activities, the negotiation type communication system should be needed. OpenADR is the communication standard suitable for time and quantity negotiation. 11

12 ERAB investigative commission and ERAB forum Energy resource aggregation bussiness ERAB forum Vision sharing Industry-academia collaboration Neutral opinion Transmission consolidation of information Environmental arrangement ERAB investigative commission Negawatt guideline Aggregator requirements Control quantity evaluation International communication standard Measuring method Cyber Security 12

13 Communication standard for aggregation With the negotiation type communication standard and progress of energy aggregation technology, the aggregation business works fine. Transmission and distribution company OpenADR Aggregator Server-to-server cooperation Retail company Server-to-server cooperation Aggregator Utilizing OpenADR GW GW BEMS HEMS BACnet e.t.c. ECHONET Lite VPP Spec. 13

14 Automated Demand Response project (METI) Tokyo Elec Kansai Elec Chubu Elec Negawatt Order Negawatt Order Negawatt Order Waseda University EMS R&D Center Bi-directional standard communication Negawatt signal management server Negawatt signal management server ADR Signal ADR Signal ADR Signal Aggregator Aggregator Aggregator 22 Aggregators TEPCO BSP program Companies test site ADR Signal ADR Signal Smart Cities Incentive DR projects Chubu Area Kansai Aria Kanto Aria Over 2000 customers Negawatt guild line Base-line

15 DR project: Estimation of reduction potential Estimated one hour ahead DR potential of private power generator and air conditioner. Area: Nationwide Sector: Industry (excluding railroad) and business sector Result: Stable prospect throughout year Summer = 13,893 MW Fall = 11,590 MW Winter = 14,597 MW Potential(MW) Estimation result of negative watt potential. ポテンシャル量 (MW) 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, ,893 13,893 7,176 1, ,733 11,590 11,590 5,297 14,597 14,597 8,454 1,571 1, ,112 4,215 Summer 夏 時 秋 9-11,13-19 Fall 時 冬 9-11,17-19 Winter 時 , , Air conditioner (Business) Air conditioner (Industry) Private generator (Business) Private generator (Industry) 15

16 PV suppression project (NEDO) Waseda University EMS R&D Center Bi-directional standard communication Tokyo Elec Kansai Elec Renewable energy order Renewable energy order Renewable energy management server Hokuriku Elec Renewable energy order Aggregator PV Control signal PV Control signal Large scale PV PV Control signal HEMS PV Control Unit PV Control Unit Mid-size PV Roof top PV Waseda University EMS R&D Center Smart Houses Hokuriku Area Kansai Area Kanto Area

17 Automated control under PV suppression (NEDO) If HEMS increases customer s consumption, loss of power generation opportunity can be reduced PV Control event Generated amount ECHONET Lite PV Control Unit Event sharing HEMS Consumption Smart meter / distribution panel PV Control ECHONET Lite Load Even during PV control, if self consumption is increased, PV generation is permitted. 17

18 Agenda 1. Background 2. Communication standard for aggregation 3. Aggregation business 4. Future prospects and efforts 18

19 Business of energy resource aggregator Retail company Power supply procurement Imbalance avoidance Electricity(kW, kwh) T&D company Adjustment Capacity Procurement Power quality maintenance Generation company PV suppression avoidance Provide collected resources as service Electricity (kw, kwh) Price Electricity (kw, kwh) Aggregate the resources on the customer side Industry - Price - Service Energy resource aggregator - Price - Service Home 19

20 Types and Promotion of Negawatt Trading Type1-1 Type1-2 Type2 Retailers reduce demand of customers of other companies to achieve the same amount at the same time Grid operator reduce demand as adjustment power Generation Generation Generation Negawatt contract Negawatt contract Retail Aggre gator Supply contract Retail contract Supply contract Retail contract Retail X Customer Negawatt adjustment fee Aggre gator Negawatt contract Supply contract Retail A Supply contract Retail contract Retail Customer Negawatt contract Aggregator Contract for adjustment capability Grid operator Customer Realized It is required to provide various and attractive services under a free competitive environment Negawatt Market Adjustment Capacity Begin full-scale from April this year 20

21 Public offering result of adjustment capability The transmission and distribution companies (10 companies) got the adjustment power by public offering in accordance with the guidelines of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The bidding using demand response (DR) was 122,000 kw for the total offering amount of 1327,000 kw for the five transmission and distribution companies. 958,000 kw (about 3,593 million yen) was awarded for four of them. Aggregators that accumulated knowledge by DR demonstration projects made a total of ten successful bids(216,600 kw). 21

22 Types of adjustment capability 22

23 Result of public offering of adjustment capability Capacity: kw, JP Yen/kW 23

24 Agenda 1. Background 2. Communication standard for aggregation 3. Aggregation business 4. Future prospects and efforts 24

25 Movement toward expansion of ERAB opportunities Conventional From now on Bid price (Yen/kWh) Expanding transactions in the negawatt trading market Conventional negawatt trade Retail company (Retail contract) Bid amount (kwh) Retail company (No retail contract) Energy saving Power supply Consideration Customers Negawatt Aggregator 送配電事業者 T&D company Expansion of bidding for public offering of adjustment power Bid price (Yen/kW) Bid amount Highest bid price kw 25

26 Expansion of negawatt resources (Market) Aggregate negawatt resources up to the minimum trading unit and earn profit by market contribution. Inexpensive aggregation of small amount of resources using IoT and communication standard. Minimum trading unit of JEPX One day ahead market Minimum=1000kW (30min - 500kWh) One hour ahead market Minimum =100kW (30min - 50kWh) Bid price (Yen/kWh) Buying bid Selling bid (Generated) Selling bid (Negawatt) Minimum suppression of demand per one customer = 1000W (30min - 500Wh) Expan sion Bid amount (kwh) 26

27 Investigation and implementation items of FY 2017 at ERAB Transmission and distribution company OpenADR Parent aggregator DRAS Building DRAS Plan to build DRAS experimentally at general transmission and distribution operators. VPP experimental project - Acquisition of control technology equivalent to power supply I-b - Verify the effectiveness of device-specific implementation guidelines for OpenADR Cyber security WG Consider the way of cyber security measures when the aggregator connects to the transmission and distribution business operator Resource aggregator Resource aggregator Resource aggregator Control quantity evaluation WG Consider measuring method and baseline setting method when controlling equivalent to power supply I - b ECHONET Lite WG Consider VPP compatible specifications of lighting, HEMS controller, etc. 27

28 FY2017 VPP experimental project R&D of DR automation server Utility Utility Utility Negawatt control Renewable control Aligned with the national energy policy DRAS R&D contributing to DR automation WASEDA University EMS R&D Center Neutral / Standardization fair Utilize research result Load control Renewable control Social implementation of DR automation server VPP experimental project T&D Retail DRAS OpenADR Parent aggregator Building DRAS that can withstand actual operation Scalability improvement through automation Operation for power supply I and I-b Demand creation DR control Resource aggregator Rapid control Verify the implementation guidelines Measuring method and baseline Resource aggregator 28