50 Hertz almanac 2011

Transcription

1 5 Hertz almanac 211

2 Publishing information Published by 5 Hertz Transmission GmbH Eichenstrasse 3 A Berlin, Germany Telephone + 49 () Fax + 49 () Management Chairman (CEO) Boris Schucht Chief Technical Officer (CTO) Dr Frank Golletz Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO) Hans-Jörg Dorny Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Udo Giegerich Concept and layout Oswald + Martin Werbeagentur, Berlin Printing Kehrberg Druck Service

3 5 Hertz almanac Key data for 5 Hertz 4 Capacity / Generation 5 EEG costs 1 Load / Consumption 12 Operation 14 Exchange and transport 15 Wholesale market 18

4 4 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Key data for 5 Hertz The aim of this special section is to explain 5 Hertz s business within the context of the energy industry. 5 Hertz is responsible for the operation, maintenance, planning and expansion of the transmission system in the German states of Berlin, Brandenburg, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. Our transmission network provides the technical foundation for integrating energy from renewable sources and ensuring energy supplies to more than 18 million people. We carry out our responsibilities to society in a transparent, non-discriminatory manner, above and beyond statutory requirements. In this special section, we provide a succinct overview of the main data and facts on 5 Hertz s transmission network and control area in a pan-german and European context. Length of lines Total ( km ) 9,84 ( ~28.5%* ) 38 kv AC overhead lines 6,83 km 22 kv AC overhead lines 2,862 km 38 kv AC cable 55 km 22 kv AC cable 3 km 4 kv DC cable ( HVDC ) 15 km Offshore connection cable 75 km Number of Substations 59 Switching stations 6 Third-party substations and switching stations 4 Conversion table kv ( kilovolt ) 1, volts, tension kw ( kilowatt ) 1, watts, power ( megawatt ) 1, kilowatts kwh ( kilowatt-hour ) 1, watt-hours ( work ) Transformer capacity Total ( MVA ) EHV / EHV EHV / HV 42,59 MVA 1,2 MVA 32,39 MVA h ( megawatt-hours ) GWh ( gigawatt-hour ) TWh ( terawatt-hour ) 1, kilowatt-hours 1 million kilowatt-hours 1 billion kilowatt-hours General information Geographic area 19,36 km² ( ~31%* ) Inhabitants 18.2 million ( ~22%* ) * Share in Germany

5 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 5 Capacity / Generation Gross installed capacity and generating structure in the 5 Hertz control area, as of year-end 211 ( in ) Network connection total 38 / 22 kv 11 kv Energy sources Thermal 17,75 1,65 7,1** of which lignite 9,24 9,24 - of which hard coal 1,155 1,155 - of which oil Pumped storage / hydro 2,93 2,43 5** Renewable energies* Geothermal.2..2 Landfill, sewer and mine gas Water Biomass 1, ,361 Photovoltaics 3, ,564 Wind, offshore Wind, onshore 11,59 1,49 1,46 Total 37,423 14,26 23,217 * Source : EEG plant master data from 5 Hertz, provisional figures; audited figures for 211 will be available in June 212 ** Figures estimated Development of feed-in from conventional energies in the 5 Hertz control area TWh

6 6 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Installed capacity of EEG generating facilities in the 5 Hertz control area, as of year-end 211 ( in ) Development of installed capacity in EEG generating facilities in the 5 Hertz control area (in figures) Energy sources * Geothermal Landfill, sewer and mine gas Water Biomass 922 1,38 1,224 1,295 1,382 Photovoltaics ,54 2,251 3,568 Wind, offshore 48 Wind, onshore 9,91 9,493 1,866 11,36 11,59 Total 1,565 11,33 13,395 15,11 16,744 Source : EEG plant master data from 5 Hertz * provisional figures; audited figures for 211 will be available in June 212 Development of installed capacity in EEG generating facilities in the 5 Hertz control area (as a graph) 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, * Biomass Wind, offshore Photovoltaics Water Wind, onshore Source: EEG plant master data from 5Hertz, shown without geothermal energy, landfill, sewer and mine gas * provisional figures, audited figures for 211 will be available in June 212 Development of feed-in from renewable energies in the 5 Hertz control area TWh

7 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 7 Lower Saxony Brandenburg Saxony-Anhalt Schleswig-Holstein North Rhine- Westphalia Rhineland Palatinate Mecklenburg- West Pomerania 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Saxony Thuringia ,692 1,565 3,63 3,234 3,566 4,574 6,951 Geographic distribution of installed wind power capacity in Germany, Hertz s share of installed EEG generation capacity in Germany, 211 Bavaria Hesse Baden-Wuerttemberg Germany: +1,788 5Hertz s share of total EEG installed generation capacity in Germany 5Hertz s share of total installed wind power capacity in Germany Saarland 127 Bremen Hamburg Berlin % 41 %* Federal state Source: Fraunhofer IWES (latest update ) 5Hertz * includes.2% offshore wind power Forecast development of EEG generation capacity in the 5 Hertz control area 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Biomass Photovoltaics Wind, onshore Wind, offshore Water Source: Forecast figures provided by downstream grid users, including distribution network operators, local utilities and directly connected wind farms Shown without geothermal energy, landfill, sewer and mine gas

8 8 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Extrapolation, forecast and actual feed-in of wind power Wind power feed-in for the week Wind power feed-in from (6 a.m.) to (6 a.m.) 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Time in h Forecast Extrapolation Actual feed-in Segment shown in adjacent chart Source: Figures based on extrapolation of actual figures (¼ hour power - mean values) including direct sales 6,5 6, 5,5 5, 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, Time in h Forecast Extrapolation Actual feed-in Outline figures for wind power 211 (in ) Maximum feed-in from wind turbines 9,883 Minimum feed-in from wind turbines 13 Biggest quarter-hour leap from wind turbines Biggest hourly leap from wind turbines ,132 2,11 Biggest daily leap from wind turbines 9,186 The forecast for wind power feed-in is produced by weighting the forecasts from energy & meteo systems, EuroWind, Fraunhofer IWES, meteomedia and WEPROG. The extrapolation is carried out using the measurement data from representative sites and an algorithm developed by Fraunhofer IWES. The actual feed-in is based on data sent to 5Hertz by the distribution system operators at month end for the settlement of EEG feed-in. Cumulative actual feed-in of wind and photovoltaic power for the week , 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Time in h Actual feed-in (wind) Actual feed-in (PV)

9 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 9 Extrapolation, forecast and actual feed-in of photovoltaic power Photovoltaic power feed-in for the week Photovoltaic power feed-in from (6 a.m.) to (6 a.m.) 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, Time in h Forecast Extrapolation Actual feed-in Segment shown in adjacent chart Source: Figures based on extrapolation of actual figures (¼ hour power - mean values) including direct sales 1,2 1, Time in h Forecast Extrapolation Actual feed-in Outline figures for photovoltaic power 211 (in ) Max. feed-in from photovoltaic power plants (PPP) 1,831 Minimum feed-in from PPP Biggest quarter-hour leap from PPP Biggest hourly leap from PPP The forecast for the feed-in of photovoltaic power is produced by weighting two forecasts from Meteocontrol and energy & meteo systems. The extrapolation is also produced by extrapolating the figures from Meteocontrol and energy & meteo systems using a weighted mean. The data providers obtain the data set (online measurements) for the extrapolation for selected sites from their own generation facilities or from SMA Solar Technology AG. The actual feed-in is based on data sent to 5Hertz by the distribution system operators at month end for the settlement of EEG feed-in. All our providers of forecast data can now draw on many years of experience in producing energy forecasts. Changes in the weather nevertheless often result in complex situations which are difficult to forecast using weather models. They are one reason for the sometimes substantial variations in day-ahead forecasts, which subsequently have to be equalised in intraday trading. These variations are a challenge for system management as well. If the forecast and the extrapolation widely differ, the security of the system must be maintained at all times by carrying out measures in the network. The week selected for the charts shows the high volatility of wind and photovoltaic power. In exceptional cases it can even happen that high feed-in from wind around midday is increased by high feed-in from solar power plants. The resulting feed-in, in connection with high gradients, represents a particularly severe challenge for the stability of the system.

10 1 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac EEG costs Change in EEG account Monthly balance of income and expenses on EEG account in million Change in EEG account between January 21 and December 211 in million 1, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Income and expenses are defined in Section 3 AusglMechV (equalisation scheme) Source: eeg-kwk.net 1,5 1, 5 5 1, 1,5 Mar Jun Sep Mar Jun Sep Source: eeg-kwk.net Weighted average remuneration for renewables in the 5Hertz control area Total EEG remuneration* for plants in Germany and in the 5Hertz control area /h Water 75.4 Gas Biomass Wind, onshore Photovoltaics Geothermal Wind, offshore average payment per energy source weighted average payment for all energy sources average price for EPEX Spot hourly contracts in Germany Source: Basic data for average EPEX Spot price EPEX Spot SE billion Germany 5Hertz Source: Data for Germany, eeg-kwk.net * Less avoided transmission charges, data as of 31 December in each case, data for 211 are provisional The weighted average remuneration represents the EEG remuneration paid in 211 in relation to the EEG power fed into the 5Hertz control area by energy source in 211 as of the measurement date (provisional figures).

11 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 11 Calculation and composition of the EEG levy* for 212 ct /kwh various costs Liquidity reserve Account balance 211 Forecast sales revenue Feed-in tarifs EEG levy million 17, ,957 14,19 Expenses * the EEG levy corresponds to the difference between total expenditure and forecast sales revenue in accordance with the equalisation scheme Income Source: eeg-kwk.net Change in the EEG levy* billion ** 212** Costs (in billion) EEG levy per kwh (in ct/kwh) ** the EEG levy corresponds to the difference between total expenditure and forecast sales revenue in accordance with the equalisation scheme ** Forecast figures for total subsidy Sources: 5Hertz (21), eeg-kwk.net (211, 212) ct/kwh Details of the calculations for the EEG levy for 21, 211 and 212 as well as information on the forecast EEG levy for 213 can be found on the TSO Internet platform under the menu item EEG levy and annual/medium-term forecasts.

12 12 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Load / Consumption Change in electricity consumption in the 5Hertz control area, TWh * * provisional forecast figure Electricity consumption is based on the definition of electricity supplied to end consumers in accordance with the Renewable Energy Act (EEG). The sharp rise from 29 to 21 is due to the economic recovery after the recession and to the reporting of end consumers in non-public networks. Monthly maximum and minimum end consumer load in the 5Hertz control area in Jan Jan Feb Feb Mar Mar Apr Apr May May June June July July Aug Aug Sep Sep Oct Oct Nov Nov Dec Dec Minimum final consumer load Maximum final consumer load Maximum and minimum end consumer load 211 Maximum Minimum 15,39 on at 5.3 p.m. 7,292 on at 5.45 a.m. The end consumer load is made up of total confirmed data for the vertical network load (total with correct algebraic signs of all deliveries from the transmission system via directly connected transformers and lines to distribution networks and final consumers), EEG power fed into the distribution networks in the 5Hertz control area and interpolated CHP and other feed-in on the basis of historical data.

13 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 13 End consumer load in the 5Hertz control area on two selected days in 211 in comparison with Germany as a whole 15 June 211 GW Final consumer load in Germany Final consumer load in the 5Hertz control area Source: 5Hertz, figures for Germany: ENTSO-E 21 December 211 GW Final consumer load in Germany Final consumer load in the 5Hertz control area Source: 5Hertz, figures for Germany: ENTSO-E

14 14 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Operation Comparison between the fault ratio for 5Hertz and German TSOs in the years 2 21 Faults per 1 km line length Fault ratio for 5Hertz Fault ratio for all German TSOs* Mean fault ratio for 5Hertz Mean fault ratio for all German TSOs* * Figure for 211 will be published in the second half of 212 The fault ratio shown here refers to faults on or in the 5Hertz high-voltage network. Faults include disruptions to the grid and to equipment which restrict transmission abilities or undermine system conditions. Grid disruptions include those due to electrical short circuits caused by storms. Disruptions to equipment are only included if grid elements are triggered or have to be switched off. Grid elements are power lines, transformers, inductors and bus bars. Days with steps to ensure system security (section 13 EnWG), redispatch costs and postponed GWh in the 5Hertz control area Days with steps defined in section 13.1 EnWG (mainly redispatch) Days Days with steps defined in section 13.2 EnWG (mainly reduction in EEG generation) Days of which Costs 1 3, Energy volumes 3,5 45 Energy volumes 5 8 3, ,833 1,783 2,5 2, 1, , Redispatch costs (in million) Energy volumes postponed by action taken (in GWh)

15 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 15 Exchange and transport Annual import and export at the borders of the 5Hertz control area Altogether, in 211, 34,42.6 GWh were exported and 16,336.9 GWh were imported in the 5Hertz control area. This represents a total net export from the 5Hertz control area of 18,65.7 GWh. TenneT 26, ,113.3 Energinet.dk 1, ,86.6 5Hertz control area PSE 5, Imports in GWh Exports in GWh ČEPS 1, ,74.9 Monthly import and export at the borders of the control area in 211 Control area border with PSE (Poland) Control area border with Energinet.dk (Denmark) GWh 1,5 GWh 1,5 1, 1, , 1, 1,5 1,5 2, 2, 2,5 2,5 3, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 3, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Import Export Import Export Control area border ČEPS (Czech Republic) GWh 1,5 1, 5 5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, Jan Import Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Export Control area border TenneT (German states of Lower Saxony, Hesse and Bavaria) GWh 1,5 1, 5 5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, Jan Import Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Export

16 16 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Load flows at the interconnectors at the control area s borders on the third Monday of the month at 3 a.m. and 11 a.m. in 211 Control area border with PSE (Poland) Control area border with Energinet.dk (Denmark) 1,5 8 1, , ,5 19/1 16/2 16/3 2/4 18/5 15/6 2/7 17/8 21/9 19/1 16/11 21/ /1 16/2 16/3 2/4 18/5 15/6 2/7 17/8 21/9 19/1 16/11 21/12 Import 3.OO Export 3.OO Import 11.OO Export 11.OO Import 3.OO Export 3.OO Import 11.OO Export 11.OO Control area border ČEPS (Czech Republic) 1, /1 16/2 16/3 2/4 18/5 15/6 2/7 17/8 21/9 19/1 16/11 21/12 Import 3.OO Export 3.OO Import 11.OO Export 11.OO Control area border TenneT (German states of Lower Saxony, Hesse and Bavaria) 5 5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, 3,5 19/1 16/2 16/3 2/4 18/5 15/6 2/7 17/8 21/9 19/1 16/11 21/12 Import 3.OO Export 3.OO Import 11.OO Export 11.OO

17 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 17 Load factor for interconnectors in 211 Duration 8,76 h = 1 % 5Hertz Load control area below 5 % between 5 % and 7 % over 7 % The pie charts show how long an interconnector had a given percentage load factor during 211. The divisions illustrate the load on the line in per cent and indicate how it behaves in the event of a fault. A fault means that a technical element stops working (due to a lightning strike, for instance), and one or more of the other elements have to take up the additional transmission capacity. The grey area means there would be no problems in the event of a fault. Light orange means the line would be close to capacity in the event of a fault, and red means the line would be at the limits of its capacity if there were a fault. Annual electricity volumes transported by 5Hertz TWh The transported electricity volume is the total energy fed into the 5Hertz transmission system directly from generating facilities (power plants, wind turbines), distribution networks (recovery) and alliance supply terminals in TWh in one year.

18 18 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac Wholesale market Opening, closing, high and low futures prices (weekly chart) /h F1BY GWh 8, 6, 4, 2, Total trading volume for the F1BY 213 product on EEX Weeks Candle chart and trading volume for the product Calender year Base 213 (F1BY 213) in 211 from EEX 5Hertz buys this product to hedge the price of some of its energy losses Source: EEX Real body high Upper shadow close open open < close orange body open > close grey body The upper shadow and lower shadow of the candlestick mark the highest and lowest prices. What is known as the real body shows the opening and closing prices. An orange candlestick means that the opening price is lower than the closing price, so the market rose over the observation period. A grey candle represents the opposite case. Lower shadow open close low The observation period here is one candlestick per week. Taken together, the chart gives an impression of price movements, but also of the degree of price volatility. Trading volume is in turn an indicator of price significance.

19 Excerpt from the annual report Hertz almanac 19 5Hertz intraday trading volume in 211 GWh Weeks Volume bought Volume sold The graph shows weekly trading volumes divided by amounts purchased and sold. Trading volumes are made up of the company s own transactions and those carried out for third parties on the basis of service contracts. Number of intraday trading transactions by 5Hertz 12, 1, 8, 6, 61,546 98,255 In 29 exchange trading began in February, so there are no transactions for the month of January. The increase in transactions is due to the extremely rapid rise in installed wind power capacity. 4, 2, 21,

20 5 Hertz Transmission GmbH Eichenstrasse 3 A Berlin, Germany T + 49 ( ) F + 49 ( ) hertz.com carbon-neutral printing using environmentally friendly inks