Multicriteria decision aiding for selection of photovoltaic plant on farming fields in Corsica

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1 Multicriteria deciion aiding for election of photovoltaic plant on farming field in Corica P. Haurant, M. Muelli, P. Oberti To cite thi verion: P. Haurant, M. Muelli, P. Oberti. Multicriteria deciion aiding for election of photovoltaic plant on farming field in Corica. 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Converion, Sep 2010, Valence, Spain. <hal > HAL Id: hal Submitted on 8 Jun 2018 HAL i a multi-diciplinary open acce archive for the depoit and diemination of cientific reearch document, whether they are publihed or not. The document may come from teaching and reearch intitution in France or abroad, or from public or private reearch center. L archive ouverte pluridiciplinaire HAL, et detinée au dépôt et à la diffuion de document cientifique de niveau recherche, publié ou non, émanant de établiement d eneignement et de recherche françai ou étranger, de laboratoire public ou privé.

2 MULTICRITERIA DECISION AIDING FOR SELECTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANTS ON FARMING FIELDS IN CORSICA P. Haurant 1, M. Muelli 1, P. Oberti 2 1 Univerité de Core, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Route de Sanguinaire, AJACCIO (FRANCE) 2 Univerité de Core UMR CNRS 6240 LISA, Av Jean Nicoli, CORTE (FRANCE) marc.muelli@univ-core.fr pacal.oberti@univ-core.fr ABSTRACT: Corica know an unprecedented photovoltaic plant proect flow ince it energetic trategy wa turned to renewable energy. Concerned public intitution needed pecific tool to elect the mot relevant proect among numerou one with tranparent and advie way. A multicriteria deciion aiding method i developed in thi aim in order to elect proect among ixteen one (whole PV power: 93.5 MWp) on farming field in Corica. The tudy follow all the multicriteria methodology tep which are criteria and contraint definition, criteria weight et calculation, threhold and concordance level determination and the choen multicriteria model, that i ELECTRE-IS, implementation. Thu, conidering different point of view from the ecological to financial one, eight criteria, one of which being optional, have been defined wherea three contraint were determined. The reviewed card pack methodology applied to the third party allow building ix weight et while the ame third party determined a concordance level of 2/3. Thank to thi methodology, baed on the criteria et and according to weight and concordance level given by the third party, four proect (27.1 MWp) have been elected among the ixteen initial one, the robutne of thee reult being teted through all criteria weight et and different concordance level application. Keyword: PV planning, multicriteria approach. 1 INTRODUCTION Since Corica benefit of a high olar potential etimated of 1400 TEP/Ha/yr (Poggi and Notton, 2005) and pecific and profitable purchae condition for photovoltaic electricity : a 20 year guaranteed tariff of 40 ct/kwh againt 30 c /kwh in continental France, the iland i one of the mot attractive region in France. Thu inveting in a photovoltaic plant ha a profitability rate of about 6.5% (ADEME, 2006). In thi context, the iland know an important photovoltaic plant private proect offer, which cumulated potential power attain 257 MW, knowing that the intallation potential i 46 MW c. The Collectivité Territorial de Core (CTC) and the Chambre d Agriculture Départementale de Haute Core (CA2B) are among the public intitution that are olicited for their opinion about each photovoltaic plant proect. They have expreed the neceity of a multicriteria evaluation for each plant proect. Thu, the CTC ha built a photovoltaic development charter and a proect evaluation proce that have been voted on June the 29 th, 2009 by the Corica aembly wherea the CA2B, which ha to give her opinion particularly on proect that are uceptible to be implanted on farming field, ordered univerity of Corica an evaluation urvey on 16 proect with the view to bae her opinion on rigorou argument. 2 STUDY PROBLEMATIC AND METHODOLOGY Intitutional actor and deciion-maker, who are even more interrogated to udge each proect relevance and feaibility, have the aim to give tranparent and informed opinion to indutrial. Thi tudy deal with a concrete election problematic of photovoltaic plant proect among 16 proect that have been built and ubmitted by indutrial to local deciion-maker. Prioritie in our cae are: Ue conflict rik have to be evaluated. Indeed, planed intallation are uppoed to be placed on farm field and could potentially take up 311 Ha of cultivated ground. A 30% limit of renewable energy ource production ha to be repected, reulting from a regional-caled non interconnected electrical network tability guarantee demand. Thi ratio correpond to a 100 MWc renewable production limit in the Corican cae, but a. recent decree et the renewable production limit at about 83MW c. Exiting plant (three wind farmer) produce already 18 MW c, and accepted wind farmer and PV proect repreent 19 MW c o that only 46 MW c renewable energy can be integrated by the network nowaday, wherea the proect et repreent a 93.5 MW c potential cumulated power only for the Haute-Core county, in our tudy framework, going beyond the maximum calculated for the whole Corican region. Territorial electricity production overabundance ha to be avoided: geographic concentration rik of energetic offer ha to be conidered to avoid udden energetic production fall due to climatic or technical factor. The proect et i dipered on three retricted geographic zone and it concern only four electrical link pot. The proect intended for being linked to the electrical network through the ame link pot have been treated imultaneouly in order to fulfil the abundance hunning demand, o that Correponding author : marc.muelli@univ-core.fr, Phone : , Fax :

3 recommendation are expreed for each electrical pot. Social acceptability ha to be taken into account: negative and poitive impact due to uch intallation on local population mut be tudied (viual, financial impact). Ecological impact mut be evaluated: photovoltaic plant are uppoed to repreent utainable alternative for electrical production, but uch important plant have alo an ecological cot that mut be evaluated to enure their real ecological benefit. Finally, proect evaluation are baed on file, criteria are informed from a imple lecture of the file and without field viit, o that the tudy i built on meoevaluation in her main part. 3 CONSTRAINTS AND EVALUATION CRITERIA Three pre-election contraint (Table 1), or acceptability or eligibility condition that action have to atify imperatively to candidate for the deciion or/and the multicriteria tudy (Oberti, 2004) have been defined, tranlating the third party and the different actor imperative. Table I: Contraint definition Contraint C 1 C 2 C 3 Definition Plant dimantling guarantee: plant dimantling mut be guaranteed in the exploitation contract. Repect of contraint linked to area ecological claification: concerned area mut not be claified Natura 2000 or wetland Contraint linked to area topography: area lope mut not exceed 10% According to information obtained in the proect file that have been tudied, the proect filled up all thee condition. Tool created to evaluate and compare potential action from a point of view. (Roy, 2000), criterion i the central point of a multicriteria deciion aiding tudy. Seven evaluation criteria have been elaborated to compare proect from different point of view: energetic, economic, ecologic viual or territorial ue wherea an eighth one, the annual additional income for communal budget per inhabitant intervene, i optional. Table 2 preent the pertinent criteria built for thi pecific tudy and lited by the Haute-Core chamber of farming. Table II: Criteria for plant proect evaluation Point of view Code Criteria title Criteria creation principle Scale term Preference way Energetic g 1 Net production Energy production GWh annual Maximize evaluation Geo-economic g 2 Ratio of rent area Ratio between free area % Maximize unoccupied by the of productive land intallation and the total Ecological g 3 Ecological Weighted um Point Maximize potential degradation Viual Impact g 4 Relevance of viual Weighted um Point Maximize impact preentation in the file Viual Impact g 5 Oberver-plant Meaure from cartography km Maximize minimum ditance Territorial ue g 6 Ue conflict rik Weighted um Point Maximize Financial effect g 7 Economic activity Weighted um Point Maximize and inhabitant financial aid for RES facilitie Financial effect g 8 Financial income at Ratio between profeional /yr/inhab Maximize communal level dutie evaluation and communal population

4 Five criteria among the even key one are evaluated from notation obtained thank to evaluation table built according to three factor: the tudy third party prioritie ; The available information given in the proect file Indication upplied from the literature. 4 MULTICRITERIA OUTRANKING AGGREGATION AND PRINCIPAL RESULTS The performance table information aggregation, thank to outranking multicriteria model, allow the election of the more retricted alternative ub-et including the bet compromied one and thoe that mut not to be eliminated. 4.1 Threhold The two alternative a and i ak comparion, according to g criterion, lead to a relation that cover from an indifference ituation to a trict preference in one of thee alternative favor, utifying a peudo-criteria dicrimination threhold baed model ue wherea a veto threhold that fixe a bad performance compenation limit of an alternative on a criterion by a good one on other criteria can be defined. 4.2 Criteria relative weight The actor expre the relative importance of the criterion g through it relative weight or vote power that i a coefficient ] 0;1 [ relation w with the normaliation m = 1 w = Outranking kernel and preference between alternative An outranking hypothei a isak applied to ( a i, ak ) i defined a follow: a i i not wort than a k or a i outrank a k. S relation can be illutrated by an outranking graph named Table III: Selected proect et G = ( A, U ) alternative in thi cae and with A the top or node et, the U the ai to a k oriented bow et when a isak i verified. In order to elect the mot retrictive alternative ubet, ELECTRE 1S model look for the outranking graph kernel A A verifying the two intern and extern tability condition (repectively a i, ak, airak and a l A, ai : aisal ) 5 FINAL SELECTION AND PROJECTS RECOMMENDATIONS A performance table um up the uefulne information et for a multicriteria calculation, except for a few intern technical or economical parameter that are outranking model own. Thi table i uually compoed of three informational part: each alternative evaluation on each criterion, criteria relative weight and threhold. The multicriteria model ELECTRE 1-S (Figueira et al., 2005) application lead to determine an outranking final graph kernel, a et compoed of elected proect. Thi model ha been applied to 72 cae, combining: Four electrical link pot; ix criteria relative weight et: two aim et have been depending on the criteria et integration of the eighth criterion or not, from which four other weight et have been built thank to ±5% variation of the Z factor. A maority level of 2/3, defined by the CA2B, and two of the nearer value to tet the reult tability. Finally, four among the ixteen photovoltaic plant proect tudied for the Haute-Core County have been elected thank to the outranking model ELECTRE 1-S application. Table 3 um up the elected proect. 6 CONCLUSION The ELECTRE-IS model application allow concluding about election or not of each proect in 18 cae, conidering two criteria et, each one i combined with three weight et, and the three concordance value. A proect i definitively acceptable if it i unanimouly elected (Figure 1) wherea ome other proect that are accepted only in pecific cae are reected. Electrical link pot Selected photovoltaic proect Power (MWp ) Occupied urface (Ha) Ghionaccia a Cervione a Oletta a Taglio a Total 4 proect on

5 Figure 1: Initial proect et localization (left) veru final proect et localiation (right) 7 REFERENCES ADEME, Le marché photovoltaïque en France. Etat de lieux, mie en perpective, rentabilité financière de ytème, viion du développement de la filière. RES departement, october. 1FC7A86846DCCC3BFBAAAA p df Figuera, J., Moueau, V., Roy, B., ELECTRE method. In J. FIGUEIRA, S. GRECO, and M. EHRGOTT, editor, Multiple Criteria Deciion Analyi: State of the Art Survey, pp Oberti, P., Déciion publique et recherche procédurale : illutration d une démarche multicritère à la localiation participative d un parc éolien en région core. Journée de l Aociation Françaie de Science Economique. Poggi, P., Notton, G., The electrical energy production in Corica. Aement and perpective. Summer univerity of La Réunion iland, 29p. Roy, B., Un gloaire daide à la Déciion en françai et anglai. Bulletin du Groupe de Travail Européen «Aide Multicritère à la Déciion», Série 3, n 1, Printemp.