Supplemental Data. Borg et al. Plant Cell (2014) /tpc
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1 Supplementary Figure 1 - Alignment of selected angiosperm DAZ1 and DAZ2 homologs Multiple sequence alignment of selected DAZ1 and DAZ2 homologs. A consensus sequence built using default parameters is shown below. Conserved amino acids are bold in dark shaded boxes and similar amino acids are in light shaded boxes. Black lines (below) show conserved regions and the single grey line indicates the unaligned second EAR motif of rice (OsEAR2). Gene names, a, b, denote paralogs, Zf1, Zf2, Zf3, zinc fingers 1-3, NLS, putative nuclear localization signal. Sb, Sorghum bicolor, Bd, Brachypodium distachyon, Os, Oryza sativa, Pt, Poplar trichocarpa, Br, Brassica rapa, Al, Arabidopsis lyrata, At, Arabidopsis thaliana.
2 Supplemental Figure 2 Analysis of DAZ1 and DAZ2 promoter activity in developing pollen Expression of DAZ1 and DAZ2 is restricted to the male germline. Images show typical examples of developing pollen from transgenic lines expressing ProDAZ1:H2B-GFP (A- E) and ProDAZ2:H2B-GFP (F-J). GFP expression is first detectable at early bicellular stage (A,F), increasing during mid-bicellular (B,G) and late bicellular stage (C,H). GFP fluorescence persists into tricellular stage (D,I) and mature pollen (E,J). Images from each marker line were captured under standard conditions. Scale bars = 10µm.
3 Supplemental Figure 3 DAZ1 and DAZ2 protein localisation in sperm cells Stable transformants were generated expressing DAZ1 and DAZ2 as mcherry fusions (ProDAZ1:DAZ1-mCherry and ProDAZ2:DAZ2-mCherry). Mature pollen was stained with DAPI and observed using fluorescence microscopy. Representative examples of the localisation of DAZ1 and DAZ2 protein in sperm cell nuclei are presented as pairs of images, DAPI fluorescence (A,C,E) and mcherry fluorescence (B,D,F). DAZ1 (B) and DAZ2 (D) co-localise with DAPI-stained sperm cell nuclei (A and C respectively). DAZ1 also shows nuclear and cytoplasmic localisation (E-F) in 63.1% of sperm cells, based on analysis of three independent single locus lines (G). Scale bars = 15µm.
4 Supplementary Figure 4 - RT-PCR expression analysis of DAZ1 and DAZ2 PCR amplifications were carried out on cdna reactions performed with total RNA samples from the tissues indicated and with genomic DNA (gdna), Reactions performed with (+) and without (-) reverse transcriptase to control for genomic DNA contamination. The primers used were specific for DAZ1 (upper panel), DAZ2 (middle panel) and HTR5 transcripts (lower panel).
5 Supplemental Figure 5 Characterisation of T-DNA insertion lines in DAZ1 and DAZ2. (A) Schematic diagram of the DAZ1 and DAZ2 loci indicating T-DNA insertion sites and primers used for RT-PCR analysis [qrt-f/qrt-r] (B) DAZ1 and DAZ2 transcripts in pollen from WT plants and homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants. Transcripts were undetectable in the daz1-2 and daz2-1 alleles, whereas residual expression of a likely aberrant transcript was observed in daz1-1. Amplifications were performed on cdna and genomic DNA (gdna) using primers specific for DAZ1 (upper panel), DAZ2 (middle panel) and HTR5 (lower panel). Contamination from gdna was not observed in reverse transcriptase minus cdna samples (not shown).
6 Supplemental Table 1. Complementation of duo1-1 pollen with ProDUO1:DAZ1-mCherry No rescue (expect 1:1) Full rescue (expect 1:1) Line Total Tricellular % Bicellular % X 2 Significance Total %GFP + %GFP - X 2 Significance AA % 25.4% *** % 52.2% ns AB % 24.8% *** % 40.3% ** AC % 25.0% *** % 42.7% * BA % 26.8% *** % 46.6% ns BB % 31.0% *** % 47.5% ns BC % 42.1% * % 52.3% ns Chi-square analysis was used to test significant deviation from the ratios indicated, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns = not significant Supplemental Table 2. Complementation of daz1;daz2 pollen with ProDUO1:CYCB1;1 Chi-square analysis Genotype Line Total Tricellular (TC) Bicellular (BC) Ratio (TC : BC) X 2 Significance A : ns A : ns daz1-1 +/- ; daz2-1 -/- D : ns E : ns E : ns A : ns A : ns A : ns daz1-1 -/- ; daz2-1 +/- B : ns D : ns D : ns D : ns Chi-square analysis was used to test significant deviation from the ratio given no rescue (i.e. 1:1), ns = not significant
7 Supplemental Table 3. Segregation of F2 genotypes from daz1-1 +/- ;daz2-1 +/- F1 plants Normal transmission daz1;daz2 blocked transmission Genotypes Observed numbers Expected proportion X 2 Significance Expected proportion X 2 Significance DAZ1/DAZ1 ; DAZ2/DAZ *** ns DAZ1/daz1-1 ; DAZ2/DAZ DAZ1/DAZ1 ; DAZ2/daz DAZ1/daz1-1 ; DAZ2/daz DAZ1/DAZ1 ; daz2-1/daz daz1-1/daz1-1 ; DAZ2/DAZ daz1-1/daz1-1 ; DAZ2/daz DAZ1/daz1-1 ; daz2-1/daz daz1-1/daz1-1 ; daz2-1/daz Chi-square analysis was used to test significant deviation from the ratios indicated, *** p < ns = not significant Supplemental Table 4. Genetic transmission analysis of daz1;daz2 pollen Line Silique Total WT daz1;daz2 TE (%) A A Plants of F1 progeny from ms1 x daz1-1 +/- ;daz2-1 +/- cross were screened to identify a ~25% bicellular pollen phenotype
8 Supplemental Table 5 - Primers used in this study. The att sites and restriction sites are indicated in bold and mutagenised regions are underlined T-DNA genotyping primers DAZ1-TDNA-LP DAZ1-TDNA-RP DAZ2-TDNA-LP DAZ2-TDNA-RP DAZ1 and DAZ2 expression clones ProDAZ1-attB4-F ProDAZ1-attB1-R DAZ1-attB1-F DAZ1-attB2-R DAZ1-attB2-nsR ProDAZ2-attB4-F ProDAZ2-attB1-R DAZ2-attB1-F DAZ2-attB2-R DAZ2-attB2-nsR DAZ1 mear varants DAZ1Trunc1-attB2-nsR DAZ1-Trunc1-attB2-stopR mear1-fm mear1-rm mear2 Rs mear2 Rns TGATTTCGAAATGTGGAATGG CAACAACTTCCACCCTGAATC CAGATGCTTATGGCATTTTCTG CTCATGTGACCAAAGAGAGCC TGTATAGAAAAGTTGAAGTGGCACAAACCAACCC TTTTGTACAAACTTGTATTATTGAGTCTCTTACTAGAG ACAAAAAAGCAGGCTCTATGTCGAACACTTCAAACTCCG ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCTCAAAGTCCTAACCTAAGATCC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCAAGTCCTAACCTAAGATCC TGTATAGAAAAGTTGATACTTGTATTTGGATTCC TTTTGTACAAACTTGTGTGAGCACGTAGAGGAAGTG ACAAAAAAGCAGGCTCTATGAACAACAATCATTCCTATG ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCTTAGAGTCCTAACCTAAGATC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCGAGTCCTAACCTAAGATC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTGTTCCTGATCTTTCTCCCAATGAC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTGTCATTCCTGATCTTTCTCCCAATGAC GCATTGCTGCTGCTGTTGCTGCGGC GCCGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCAATGC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCTCAAGCTCCTGCCCTAGCATCCGCGG ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCAGCTCCTGCCCTAGCATCCGCGG MYB site mutagenesis for luciferase assays ProDAZ1-mMBS-A-F CAAAACAGGGAGAAGGAGCTCCTAAGAAACCGTCG ProDAZ1-mMBS-A-R CGACGGTTTCTTAGGAGCTCCTTCTCCCTGTTTTG ProDAZ1-mMBS-B-F GGAGAAGTAACTGCTAAGAGAGCTCCGATGAAAACTAACTTGTTC ProDAZ1-mMBS-B-R GAACAAGTTAGTTTTCATCGGAGCTCTCTTAGCAGTTACTTCTCC ProDAZ2-mMBS-A-F GTAAACCGCTCTGTTCCTGAGCTCAAGTTAACTGTCTCCCTG ProDAZ2-mMBS-A-R CAGGGAGACAGTTAACTTGAGCTCAGGAACAGAGCGGTTTAC ProDAZ2-mMBS-B-F GTTCCTCAACTGAAGTGAGCTCTCTCCCTGTTCCTCC ProDAZ2-mMBS-B-R GGAGGAACAGGGAGAGAGCTCACTTCAGTTGAGGAAC ProDAZ2-mMBS-C-F GTCTCTTCCTTACATAGTAGAGCTCTCTGTTCCTCAACTGAAG ProDAZ2-mMBS-C-R CTTCAGTTGAGGAACAGAGAGCTCTACTATGTAAGGAAGAGAC GAL4DB fusions for repression assay DAZ1-EAR-SmaI-F DAZ1-EAR-SalI-R DAZ1-smEAR2-SalI-R AGGACCCGGGCCAAGTCAGGGGCATTG AAGCGTCGACTCAAAGTCCTAACCTAAG AAGCGTCGACTCAAGCTCCTGCCCTAGCATCCGCGG qrt-pcr primers for developmental stages and sporophytic tissues HTR5-qRT-F AGCTCCCTTTCCAGAGGCTA HTR5-qRT-R TCCAAGTCTCCTACACCCAAA DUO1-qRT-F AACGTCAAACCAATCCGTCAATCC DUO1-qRT-R CGAACAATGGCTCAGAAGAATCAGC DAZ1-qRT-F TGATGCTTCACAAATCGCACG DAZ1-qRT-R CAGGAGGCTATGTTATGCTCTTCC DAZ2-qRT-F GAAAGTTTTGGTCTTGGAAGGCTC DAZ2-qRT-R ACTCGCTCTGTGTCCTCCTAAAGCC
9 qrt-pcr primers for expression differences in mutant pollen HTR5-qF AGATGGCTCGTACTAAGCAAACAG HTR5-qR GCAGACTTACGTGCAGCCTTTG VCK-qF TCGCAATTTCAACAAGAGGTCGAG VCK-qR AAGTAGAACCATGTTCGGATGCC CYCB1;1-qF AGTTGCTGCTCGAGAGAAGAAGG CYCB1;1-qR TCTAAACCACAAGCAGCCTTGC CYCB1;2-qF GCCACCTCAGGTTAACGATCTG CYCB1;2-qR CCAAGAATTGCCTTCTCCATCACC MYB101-qF TCATTCATCATTGGGAGCAAACCC MYB101-qR GCAAAGGTGTTGTGGTTGAAGGG HTR10-qF AAACTGCGAGGAAATCTACTGGTG HTR10-qR ATTTGCGGATCTCACGAAGAGC HAP2-qF TCTCCTCGCTCTCTTCCCAATTAC HAP2-qR CGGTTAACAACGTCTGCTCTGG TIP5;1-qF TGCCTCTGTTATGGCTTGCCTTG TIP5;1-qR ATCGGTACGTGCTGTTCCATGAC OPT8-qF ACCATGTTCATGGCACAGGTTG OPT8-qR TCCCGGTGGAAGCAGATTAGTG PCR11-qF TGTGTTGCCTTTGGACGCATCG PCR11-qR ATGTACATCGCTCCGCTCACAC DUO1-qF ATGGATGCAAGTTCTCGGCTGAC DUO1-qR ACGTAGCGATTCTCGCCCATTTG Reporter constructs tdtomato-attb2-f tdtomato-attb3-r MDB-attB1-F MDB-mCherry-Fm MDB-mCherry-Rm mcherry-attb2-rstop TCTTGTACAAAGTGGCGATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGG TGTATAATAAAGTTGTTTACTTGTACAGCTCGTCCATGC AAAAAAGCAGGCTTCATGATGACTTCTCGTTCGATTGTTC TCGAGAGAAGATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGG TGCTCACCATCTTCTCTCGAGCAGCAACTAAACC ACAAGAAAGCTGGGTTTTACTTGTACAGCTCGTCCATGC
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